ART-APP-TERMINOLOGIES (1) Dsds
ART-APP-TERMINOLOGIES (1) Dsds
ART-APP-TERMINOLOGIES (1) Dsds
ART DECO – decorative style of the 1920’s and 1930’s marked by bold geometric shapes and
the use of plastic and steel.
ART NOUVEAU – decorative style of the 1890’s marked by tendril like lines and swirling forms.
BARBIZON SCHOOL – group of 19th century French artists who delighted in landscape for its
own sake.
BAROQUE – ornate, dramatic style of the 17th and early 18th century.
BAUHAUS – 20TH-century German movement urging that the design of any object should be
dictated by its function.
CONSTRUCTIVISM – form of nonrepresentational, geometric are developed in Russia around
1920
CUBISM – early 20th century movement that distorted perspective and introduced multiple
viewpoints.
DADA – early-20th-century art movement that rejected conventions in favor of the irrational.
DE STIJL – 20th century Dutch movement (“The Style”) that took abstraction to an extreme.
EXPRESSIONISM – early-20th-century movement in painting the rejected naturalism in favor of
direct expression of the artist’s feelings.
FAUVISM – early-20th-century movement in painting marked by bright, vibrant colors and bold
brush work
FUTURISM – early Italian movement seeking to depict the energy of the machine age
IMPRESSIONISM – 19th-century French movement that concentrated on the immediate visual
impact of a subject
MANNERISM – 16th-century Italian style marked by the idealization of form and by extravagant
NEOCLASSICISM – late-18th and early 19th century movement marked by a revival of classical
proportion and restraint
OP ART – form of art that exploits optical effects to create an impression of movement
POINTILLISM – movement based on the use of closely spaced dots pf primary color, blending
from a distance to create a luminous quality
POP ART – form of art that depicts everyday aspects of life, such as consumer good and comic
strips
POSTIMPRESSIONISM – movement in painting advancing from Impressionism toward
compositions based on the arrangement of solid forms
PRE-RAPHAELITISM – English movement of the mid-19th century inspired by romanticized
vision of the Middle Ages and the style of painters before Raphael
QUATTROCENTO – the 1400’s, or 15th century, especially in Italian art
REALISM – 19th century movement in many arts, directed or recording life objectively, with no
idealization
ROMANTICISM – early 19th-century movement in the arts, emphasizing individual emotions
and free imagination
SURREALISM – 20th-century art movement that explored the world of fantasy, dreams, and the
subconscious
MUSIC
MUSICAL COMPOSITIONS
STRING INSTRUMENTS
Aeolian harp/wind harp – small box like Oud – lute like instrument of northern Africa
instrument that sounds when blown by the and western Asia
wind
Balalaika – plucked guitar like, triangular Pandura – long-necked Persian lute
Russian folk instrument with two to four
strings
Bouzouki – mandolin like Greek folk Psaltery – ancient and medieval instrument
instrument like a dulcimer, but plucked instead of struck
Cimbalom – large Hungarian dulcimer Rebab – medieval Arabic bowed instrument
with one to three strings, ancestor of the
rebec
Cithara/kithara – ancient Greek lyre, with a Rebec/rebeck/ribibe – medievalancestor of
box-shaped frame the violin, with a body shaped likea half-pear
Cittern/cithern – lute like 16th century Samisen – three-stringed, banjolike Japanese
instrument instrument
Clarsach/clairschach – ancient Irish and Sarod – Indian instrumentwith two sets of
Scottish harp strings, one plucked and theother acting as a
drone
Crwth/cruth/crouth/crowd – ancient Celtic Sitar – long- necked Indian instrument made
lyre-shaped instrument, played with a bow of gourds and wood
Dulcimer – instrument with strings stretched Theorbo/ archlute – two – necked 17th –
over a sound board and struck with hammers century lute with extra bass strings
Gittern – medieval four string-guitar Ukelele – small, four-stringed guitar of
Portuguese origin, popular in Hawaii
Hurdy-gurdy – medieval mechanical lute Viol – any of a family of early violin like
shape instrument in which a wheel, turned by instrument, with a fretted fingerboard, and
a handle , acted as the bow usually six strings
Kit/pochette – miniature violin, formerly used Viola da gamba/ base viol – large viol. Played
by dancing masters between the legs like a cello
Koto – box-shaped, 13-stringed, zither like Viola d’amore – large viol, usually with
Japanese instrument sevengut strings plus several sympathetically
vibrating wire strings
DANCES
BALLROOM HISTORICAL FOLK MODERN
Beguine Allemande Dashing Body
Carioca Bourree White Popping
Cha-cha Chaconne Sergeant Boogie
Foxtrot Charleston Eigthsome Bop
Gay gordons Cotillion Reel Break
Hokey-cokey Courante Gigue/jig Dancing
Lambeth walk Ecossaise Highland Frug
Lancers Galliard Fling Go-go
Mambo Gavotte Hornpipe Dancing
Merengue Minuet Morris Hustle
Paso doble Passacaglia Dancing Jitterbug
Paul jones Passepied Sir Roger de Coverley Jive
Polka Pavanne Square dance Rock ‘n’ roll
Quickstep Quadrille (hoedown) Salsa
Rumba Rigadoon Strathspey Shuffle
Samba Sarabande Strip the willow Twist
Shimmy Schottische Sword dance
Tango Turkey trot
walts volta
NATIONAL
Bolero –Spanish Habanera – Cuban Maxixe – Brazilian
Bossa nova – Brazilian Haka – Maori Mazurka – Polish
Cachucha – Spanish Hora – Romanian/Israeli Nautch – Indian
Czardas – Hungarian Hula – Polynesian Polonaise – polish
Fandango – Spanish Kazatzka – Russian Saltarello – Italian
Farandole – French Landler – Austrain Seguidilla – Spanish
Flamenco – Spanish Limbo – Caribbean Tambourin – French
Galop/galopade – Malaguena – Spanish Tarantella – Italian
German/French Zapateado – Spanish
DRAMA TERMS
Absurd-theater of the absurd – modern drama Deus ex machina – god brought in to resolve a
emphasizing the cruelty and futility of modern tricky situation in the plot in classical drama
life
Alienation effect – deliberate effect, as in the Dramatic irony – drama in which the meaning
plays of brecht, of reducing the audience’s of the words are understood by the audience
involvement with the action of the play, as bot not the characters
when an actor addresses
Anagnorisis – moment of recognition of the Dramatic personae – list of play’s characters
truth by the hero in classical trgedy, which
leads to the denouement
Black comedy – comedy with an underlying Dry – to forget one’s lines while on stage, as a
pessimism, typically dealing with grim or nervous actor might
grotesque pause
Business – various incidental actions by an Duologue – play or scene in which only two
actor, as during a pause actors have speaking parts
Catharsis – drama that figuratively cleanses Ensemble – entire cast of a play; specifically,
the emotions of the audience the supporting actors
Comedy of manners – drama that satirizes the Epilogue – concluding poem or speech after
faults of society the end of the action of a play
Commedia dell’arte – comedy of a type Epitasis – part of a play, especially a Greek
developed in 16th-century Italy, placing stock tragedy, in which the plot moves toward its
characters in an improvised plot climax
Corpse – to laugh on stage inappropriately, as Extra – minor character without a speaking
an actor might when something goes wrong role
Coup de theatre – sudden turn of events in a Grand Guignol – short, horrifying, macabre
play; brilliant or astonishing piece of stagecraft play, or the style based on it
Curtain call – reappearance on stage of an
actor, cast, choir, or the like, to acknowledge
applause
Denouement, catastrophe – solution, climax, Interlude,entr’acte,divertissement – short
or unraveling of a lot entertainment between the acts of a play
Continues
Kabuki – elaborate Japanese drama with music No, Noh – classical Japanese drama developed
and dancing, in which all parts are played by in the 14th century, representing legends and
men Buddhist, themes with dance and song
Kitchen-sink – modern drama representing Peripeteia – sudden change in the course of
sordid domestic life events in a play; a twist in the plot
Legitimate – referring to serious plays; as Prologue – speech introducing the action of a
opposed to satirical revues, musicals, and the play or the character or actor delivering it
like
Masque – spectacular entertainment ofdance, Protagonist – principal character in a
music, and drama, based on a mythical or traditional play
allegorical theme, popular at English courts in
the 16th and 17th century
Melodrama – play characterized by Protasis – introductory section of a play,
sensational and highly emotional episodes and especially a classical tragedy, introducing and
exaggerated vice and virtue, popular in the developing the plot
19th century
Method – type of acting, developed by Repertory – presenting by a theater company
Stanislavski, emphasizing identification with of a succession of plays, typically alternating,
the character in a single season
Mime – play or scene acted out with gestures Soliloquy – monologue typically representing
but no speech the character’s unspoken thoughts
Miracle play/mystery play – medieval Stichomythia – dialogue in Greek drama in
dramatization of events from the Bible or the which alternate lines of verse are spoken by
lives of the saints different characters
Mise en scene – stage setting, or the props Tableau – stage scene in which the actors
and scenery freeze briefly
Monologue – long speech by a single actor Tetralogy – group of four related dramas,
especially a series of three tragedies and one
satire in ancient Greece
Morality play – allegorical play of the 15th and Unities – three principles of composition unity
16th centuries, such as EVERYMAN, in which of action, time, and place requiring that a
the characters represent abstract virtues and classical drama limit itself to a single plot line,
vices day, and location
Mummer – actor in a traditional folk drama or
mime dealing with death and resurrection
THEATER TERMS
Amphitheater – outdoor auditorium, particularly in ancient Rome
Apron – section of a conventional stage extending beyond the curtains into the auditorium
Auditorium – seating area for the audience, as distinct from the stage
Box set – flat pieces of scenery representing three walls, and usually the ceiling, of a room
Coulisse – flat piece of scenery in the wings
Décor – stage setting or scenery
Drop scene – painted cloth behind which scenery is changed and in front of which short scene
are acted
Fourth wall – apparent wall of a room represented by the proscenium arch, so that the
audience appears to eavesdrop on the play’s action
Green room – backstage restroom for actors, especially in former times
Grip – stagehand, helping to shift scenery
Loge – box, or upper section of seats
Odeum – theater or concert building in ancient Greece or Rome
Orchestra – circular area in front of the stage, used by the chorus, in an ancient Greek theater
Platform stage – Elizabethan stage, which projected into the central area, with the audience on
three sides
Proscenium – front part of a stage, or the arch framing it; performing area in front of the stage
in an ancient Greek theater
Rake – upwards slope of the stage away from the audience
Skene – two story structure in an ancient Greek theater, providing changing and storage rooms
Tableau curtains – curtains that draw up and outward from center stage
Theater-in-the-round/arena theater – theater in which the stage is almost entirely surrounded
by the audience