Wind load on buildings is caused by the kinetic energy of moving air masses. Wind speed and pressure increase with height and are a function of ground roughness and surrounding obstructions. The document calculates wind load on a 10-story building in Vadodara at different heights and floor levels using the static method. Design wind speed is determined based on basic wind speed, probability, terrain, and topography factors. Design wind pressure is then calculated and used along with frontal area and force coefficients to determine wind load in kN/m at each height level from 0-30m. Load values range from 6.58 kN/m at the lowest level to 9.02 kN/m at the top.
Wind load on buildings is caused by the kinetic energy of moving air masses. Wind speed and pressure increase with height and are a function of ground roughness and surrounding obstructions. The document calculates wind load on a 10-story building in Vadodara at different heights and floor levels using the static method. Design wind speed is determined based on basic wind speed, probability, terrain, and topography factors. Design wind pressure is then calculated and used along with frontal area and force coefficients to determine wind load in kN/m at each height level from 0-30m. Load values range from 6.58 kN/m at the lowest level to 9.02 kN/m at the top.
Wind load on buildings is caused by the kinetic energy of moving air masses. Wind speed and pressure increase with height and are a function of ground roughness and surrounding obstructions. The document calculates wind load on a 10-story building in Vadodara at different heights and floor levels using the static method. Design wind speed is determined based on basic wind speed, probability, terrain, and topography factors. Design wind pressure is then calculated and used along with frontal area and force coefficients to determine wind load in kN/m at each height level from 0-30m. Load values range from 6.58 kN/m at the lowest level to 9.02 kN/m at the top.
Wind load on buildings is caused by the kinetic energy of moving air masses. Wind speed and pressure increase with height and are a function of ground roughness and surrounding obstructions. The document calculates wind load on a 10-story building in Vadodara at different heights and floor levels using the static method. Design wind speed is determined based on basic wind speed, probability, terrain, and topography factors. Design wind pressure is then calculated and used along with frontal area and force coefficients to determine wind load in kN/m at each height level from 0-30m. Load values range from 6.58 kN/m at the lowest level to 9.02 kN/m at the top.
SANDHYA – 1AN15AT025 SPURTHI – 1AN15AT029 WIND • Wind is a moving mass of air . Buildings and other structures represent obstacles that deflect or impede the wind , covering the kinetic energy of the moving air mass into the potential energy of pressure. • Wind loads result from the forces exerted by the kinetic energy of the moving mass of air , which can produce a combination of direct pressure , negative pressure or suction , and drag forces on buildings and other obstactles in its path. • Wind forces are typically assumed to be applied normal , or perpendicular , to the affected surfaces of the building. • Wind pressure increases as a function of wind velocity. The average mean wind velocity for any particular area , measured over a long period of time , generally increases with height . The rate of increase of the mean velocity is also a function of the ground roughness and the interference offered by surrounding objects that include other buildings , vegetation , and land forms. Load acting on high rise buildings Vertical loads: DEAD LOADS LIVE LOADS
Lateral loads: SEISMIC LOAD (EARTHQUAKE LOAD) WIND LOAD Variation of Wind Velocity with Height • Variation of Wind Velocity with Height-Near the earth’s surface, the motion is opposed, and the wind speed reduced , by the surface friction. • At the surface , the wind speed reduces to zero and then begins to increase with height , and at some height, known as the gradient height, the motion may be considered to be free of the earth’s frictional influence and will attain its ‘gradient velocity’. Gradient Height 300 m for flat ground& 550 m for very rough terrain • Wind Effects on Structures Wind effects on structures can be classified as ‘Static’ and ‘Dynamic’. • Static-Static wind effect primarily causes elastic bending and twisting of structure. • Dynamic for tall, long span and slender structures a ‘dynamic analysis’ of the structure is essential . Wind gusts cause fluctuating forces on the structure which induce large dynamic motions , including oscillations. Design wind speed
Design wind speed – Vz=Vb.K1.K2.K3
Vz =Design wind speed at any height z inm/s;
K1= Probability Factor (K1=1.06 For Important Buildings
of Life 100 years)
K2= Terrain, Height and Structure sizefactor (Varies for
Height)
K3= Topography Factor)
Design Wind Pressure Pz
Pz = 0.6 ×Vz x Vz N/m2
Value of K2 From Table 2 Of IS 875- Part3
• Wind Load Calculation- • F= Ae pd Cf • a/b = 13/17=.76 • h/b = 20.5/17 = 1.21 • Cf = 1.3 using graph • F=wind load; • Cf =force coefficient; • pd =design wind pressure; • A= effective frontal area obstructing wind,which is identified for each structure Calculate WIND LOAD at different heights (10m,15m, 20m, 30m ) and floor levels using static method with help of the given data.
GIVEN DATA
• No. of stories=10 • Height of each storey=3m • Height of the structure =3x10=30m • Location of the building= Vadodara • Design life of the structure =50 • Category 3 • Topography=plane with upwind slope less than 3 deg 30M
• F=wind load • Ae= effective frontal area obstructing wind, which is identified for each structure • Cf =force coefficient • pd =design wind pressure FINDING Cf VALUE USING GRAPH
FIND H/B RATIO AND CHECK IF IT IS GREATER OR LESSER THEN 1
( HELPS TO DECIDE WHICH GRAPH TO FIND Cf)
HEIGHT (H)= 30
LENGTH (B) = 24 IF H/b VALUE IS GREATER
THAN OR EQUAL TO 1 BREADTH (A) = 15 THEN USE GRAPH 6A As per IS 875 part 3 Clause 5.2 A / B = 0.62 IF H/b VALUE IS LESSER H/B = 30 / 24 = 1.25 THAN 1 THEN USE GRAPH 6B 1.25 > 1
USE GRAPH 6A A / B = 0.62
H/B = 1.25
Cf=1.2 2.CALCULATING VALUE OF FRONTAL AREA (Ae)
Ae= effective frontal area obstructing wind, which is identified
for each structure
Here, we are calculating load per unit area
Therefore, frontal area= 1 x 6 (shortest span between columns )
Ae = 1 x 6 =6 m2 30M
15M
PLAN ELEVATION 2.CALCULATING VALUE OF DESIGN LOAD AT DIFFERENT HEIGHT
HEIGHT Pz DESIGN PRESSURE F = Ae X Cf X Pz F = WIND LOAD
