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Exercise 13: Conveyor Belt: 1: Problem Description

This document describes three pneumatic circuits used to control a conveyor belt, diverting machine, and heat sealing machine. The conveyor belt circuit uses a double-acting cylinder and pushbuttons to index parts along the belt through a series of work stations. The diverting machine circuit uses a cylinder and pushbuttons to divert parts from one conveyor track to another. The heat sealing machine circuit uses a cylinder, pressure sensors, and pushbutton to advance a heated rail, apply pressure to seal packaging, and return the rail to its starting position.

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1K views10 pages

Exercise 13: Conveyor Belt: 1: Problem Description

This document describes three pneumatic circuits used to control a conveyor belt, diverting machine, and heat sealing machine. The conveyor belt circuit uses a double-acting cylinder and pushbuttons to index parts along the belt through a series of work stations. The diverting machine circuit uses a cylinder and pushbuttons to divert parts from one conveyor track to another. The heat sealing machine circuit uses a cylinder, pressure sensors, and pushbutton to advance a heated rail, apply pressure to seal packaging, and return the rail to its starting position.

Uploaded by

yashveerluv
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXERCISE 13: CONVEYOR BELT

1: PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
Using a conveyor belt, parts are to be transported in linear timed sequence to work stations
which are arranged in line after one another.

When the latching pushbutton switch is pressed, the main wheel is indexed by the oscillating
piston rod of a cylinder via a pawl. When the pushbutton switch is pressed again, the drive is
switched off. Fig. 1 below shows the positional sketch of the above problem.

Fig.1: Positional sketch of the conveyor belt

2: COMPONENTS USED
 Double – acting cylinder.
 Service unit with on – off valve.
 Manifold.
 5/2 – way double solenoid valve.
 Signal input plate, electrical.
 Indicator and distributor plate, electrical.
 Limit switch, electrical, actuated from the right.
 Limit switch, electrical, actuated from the left.
 Cable set, universal.
 Electrical Power supply unit, 24 V.
3: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM – Designed on FluidSim

Fig 2: Pneumatic and electrical circuit diagram for conveyor belt control

4: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM on bench


5: SOLUTION DESCRIPTION
Fig 3: Showing the circuit construction on the bench

 When the detented push button 1(PB1) is actuated, relay K1 energizes as shown in line 1 of
the electrical circuit diagram and solenoid coil Y1 closes.
 The 5/2-way solenoid valve reverses and the piston rod of the double acting cylinder
advances to the forward end position, switching limit switch LS2.
 The limit switch LS1 in line 1 opens.
 The relay K2 energizes, closing the solenoid coil Y2. The 5/2-way valve switches back to its
initial position.
 The piston rod returns to its retracted end, switching limit switch LS1. The operation is
stopped by pressing the detented push button PB1 again.

6: DIFFICULTIES
 Some of the electrical components were damaged which led into unnecessary
troubleshooting.
 The connections to the magnetic proximity switch were damaged which lead to erratic
behaviour of the circuit.

7: SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Note that for the other two practical namely the Diverting Machine & the Heat Sealing Machine,
the same safety precautions will be applicable.

 The air service unit valve was always closed while assembling or disassembling the circuit.
 The electrical supply was allowed to shut down properly before any electrical connections
were made.
 All the connections were ensured to be properly fixed before the system was run.
 All the components were carefully taken off the bench and stored after the investigation.
EXERCISE 17: DIVERTING MACHINE

1: PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
Using a diverting device, parts are to be removed from one conveyor track onto another in linear
sequence.

By pressing a pushbutton switch, the oscillating piston rod of a cylinder pushes the turntable via
a pawl in stepped sequence. The parts are diverted and transported onwards in the opposite
direction. By pressing another pushbutton switch, the drive unit is switched off. Figure 1 below
shows the positional sketch of the Diverting machine.

Fig.1: Positional Sketch of the Diverting machine

2: COMPONENTS USED
 Air Service Unit.
 Double Acting Cylinder
 5/2-way solenoid actuated, manually operated directional control valve (In the absence of a
5/2-way valve, a 4/2-way valve has been used).
 Connecting tubes.
 Relay.
 Pushbutton.
 Magnetic limit switch.
 Connecting Wires.
3: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM – Designed on FluidSim

Fig.2: Pneumatic & Electrical Diagram of the Diverting machine

4: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM on bench

Fig.3: Circuit construction on the bench


5: SOLUTION DESCRIPTION
 When pushbutton 1 (PB1) is actuated with push button (PB2) in normally closed position as
shown in line 1, relay K1 energizes.
 This will close the contact K1 in line 2 and 3, closing the coil of solenoid Y1.
 The 4/2-way solenoid valve reverses, and the piston rod of the double acting cylinder
advances.
 At the forward end position, the piston rod closes the limit switch LS2, energizing relay K2,
closing the contact in line 5.
 The solenoid valve switches to its initial position, causing retracting of the piston rod.
 This process will continue until the push button PB2 is pressed, opening the contacts in line
1.

PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES – SAME AS EXERCISE 13


EXERCISE 19: HEAT SEALING MACHINE

1: PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
Using a hot pressing die, packing material is to be sealed by application of heat and pressure.

By pressing a pushbutton switch, the heating rail is advanced and the packaging material is
heated along the adhesive strip. After the adhesion pressure has been reached, the heating rail is
returned to its start position. Figure 1 shows the positional sketch of the described problem.

Fig.1: Positional sketch of the Heat Sealing Machine

2: COMPONENTS USED
 Air Service Unit.
 Double Acting Cylinder.
 5/2-way solenoid actuated, manually operated directional control valve (In the absence of a
5/2-way valve, a 4/2-way valve has been used).
 Connecting tubes.
 Pressure reducing valve.
 Pressure switch.
 Differential pressure gauge.
 Relay.
 Pushbutton.
 Magnetic limit switch.
 Pressure switch.
 Connecting Wires
3: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM – Designed on FluidSim

Fig.2: Pneumatic & Electrical Diagram of the Heat Sealing machine

4: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM on bench

Fig.3: Circuit construction on the bench


5: SOLUTION DESCRIPTION
 When push button PB1 is pressed, relay K1 energizes, closing contact in line 3. The solenoid
Y1 is actuated, causing the piston to extend.
 As the piston extends fully, pressure builds up along the line X and this pressure is monitored
using a differential pressure gauge switch and a pneumatic to electrical converter.
 A desired pressure is set using the pressure reducing valve which is connected to the
differential pressure switch.
 When pressure in line X exceeds the set pressure, the switch is closed and an electrical
voltage is generated.
 This energizes the relay K2 which causes the solenoid valve to switch back to its initial
position. The cylinder retracts.

PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES – SAME AS EXERCISE 13 & 19

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