Teacher's Learning Plan in ENGLISH 9: Sacred Heart Diocesan School
Teacher's Learning Plan in ENGLISH 9: Sacred Heart Diocesan School
Teacher's Learning Plan in ENGLISH 9: Sacred Heart Diocesan School
1. Possible – Probable
2. Obligation – Necessity
3. Giving permission – Requesting
permission
4. Recommended – Advised
5. Advisability - Thoughtlessness
Also, they are special verbs which behave irregularly in English. They are different
from normal verbs like "work, play, visit..." They give additional information about
the function of the main verb that follows it and have a great variety
of communicative functions.
Note: Our lesson will focus only in the 3 functions of modals; Permission, Obligation, and Prohibition
Permission
Can -We often use can to ask for and give permission.
Obligation -We use have to and must to express obligation. There is a slight difference between the way we use
them.
Have/has/had to - shows us that the obligation comes from outside the speaker.
Examples: *We have to wear a uniform when we're working in reception.
*(Student to teacher) When do we have to hand in our homework?
Must - Must express a strong obligation or necessity. It often shows us that the obligation comes from the
speaker (or the authority that wrote the sentence).
Examples: * I must phone my dad. It's his birthday today.
* (Teacher to student) You must hand in your homework on Tuesday or you will lose ten per cent of
your mark.
*(Sign on a plane) Seat belts must be worn by all passengers.
Note that we don't use must to express obligation in the past. We use have to instead.
*I had to pay £85 to renew my passport last week.
Had better- is stronger than should and ought to. It means that there will be negative consequences if we do not
do something.
Example: *You had better call your mother, or she will worry!
*He had better be careful, or he will fall!
No Obligation
Don't have to - We use don’t have to show that there is no obligation. You can do something if you want to
but it's not compulsory.
Examples: *You don't have to wear a tie in our office but some people like to dress more formally.
*You don't have to go to the bank to do a transfer. You can do it online.
*You don't have to come with me, honestly. I'll be fine!
Note: mustn’t / don’t have to
The negative forms mustn’t and don’t have to are completely different. Mustn’t is used to express prohibition
(an obligation not to do something), whereas don’t have to is used to express an absence of obligation.
=> You mustn’t reveal where you get the information. (=you have the obligation not to do it)
=>You don’t have to arrive before 7. (=you can do it, but it’s not necessary, there’s no obligation)
II. LEARNING EXPERIENCE
C. ASSESSMENT (Formative/Summative)
Sentence Enhancement
A. Re-write the following sentences using modals so that they have the same meaning.
Ex: A university degree isn’t necessary for a job.
Ans: You don’t need a university degree for that job.
Prohibition
Permission
Obligation
MODAL
IV. MASTERY EXERCISES (Post Assessment)
A. Complete the blanks with appropriate modal verbs (must, can’t, or might)
1. Look at that guy's enormous muscles. He ________________ work out a lot.
2. Michelle ________________ want to participate in the festival - it seems like the type of thing she'd
be interested in. Why don’t you ask her?
3. She goes camping every weekend. She ________________ really love the outdoors.
4. He worked hard on his report, then accidentally deleted the file from his computer. He
________________ be upset.
5. You ________________ be right - but I'm going to check to make sure.
6. We're not sure if this painting is an original. It ________________ be worth thousands of dollars.
7. I ________________ not be able to go to the football game. It depends on whether I can get the
afternoon off from work.
8. He's working full-time and studying for his Ph.D. That ________________ be easy.
9. You just ate a huge dinner! You ________________ be hungry again already!
10. Wow - look at that diamond necklace. It ________________ cost a fortune.