G.R. No. 152359, Development Bank of The Philippines, Petitioner, vs. West Negros College, Inc., Respondent. Bellosillo, J.: Doctrine
G.R. No. 152359, Development Bank of The Philippines, Petitioner, vs. West Negros College, Inc., Respondent. Bellosillo, J.: Doctrine
G.R. No. 152359, Development Bank of The Philippines, Petitioner, vs. West Negros College, Inc., Respondent. Bellosillo, J.: Doctrine
BELLOSILLO, J.:
DOCTRINE
The one-year period for the exercise of the right of redemption is subject to the provisions of special
laws. The statutory period of redemption is only directory and can be extended by agreement of the
parties but two requisites must be established, namely: (a) voluntary agreement of the parties to extend
the redemption period; and (b) the debtor’s commitment to pay the redemption price on a fixed date.
FACTS
Bacolod Medical Center (BMC) obtained a loan from DBP, secured by a mortgage on the two (2) parcels
of land. For failure of BMC to pay the loan, DBP instituted an extrajudicial foreclosure of the mortgage
under Act 3135 (1924). The mortgaged properties were sold at public auction where DBP emerged as
the highest and only bidder.
Afterwards, BMC assigned to respondent West Negros College its interest in the properties foreclosed
by DBP and vested upon the assignee the right to redeem them.
West Negros College requested for the issuance of the certificate of redemption. DBP objected to the
issuance of the said certificate. West Negros College alleged full payment of the redemption price i.e.,
the amount of purchase with one per cent (1%) monthly interest thereon including other expenses
defrayed by the purchaser at the extrajudicial sale. DBP, on the other hand, claimed that proper
redemption under its charter could only take place when the total outstanding loan had been satisfied.
In its Decision, the Court declared that "in redeeming the foreclosed property respondent West Negros
College as assignee of Bacolod Medical Center should pay the balance of the amount owed by the latter
to petitioner DBP with interest thereon at the rate agreed upon as of the date of the public auction.
ISSUE
HELD
The right of legal redemption must be exercised within specified time limits. However, the statutory
period of redemption can be extended by agreement of the parties. It bears noting that DBP
accepted installment payments of 20% of the compromise amount beyond the July 11, 1991
deadline for redeeming the properties. Effectively, DBP and BMC agreed to the extension of the
redemption period. Significant, too, is the fact that DBP did not file a motion for reconsideration of
the Decision dated October 28, 2002 which granted West Negros a grace period of 60 days from
notice of finality of the judgment in this case within which to redeem the mortgaged properties. All
these lead to the conclusion that following the guidelines set forth in the Decision aforementioned.