2019

AP Calculus AB
®

Free-Response Questions

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 2019 AP® CALCULUS AB FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

CALCULUS AB
SECTION II, Part A
Time—30 minutes
Number of questions—2

A GRAPHING CALCULATOR IS REQUIRED FOR THESE QUESTIONS.

1. Fish enter a lake at a rate modeled by the function E given by E (t ) = 20 + 15 sin ( p6t ). Fish leave the lake at
2
a rate modeled by the function L given by L(t ) = 4 + 20.1t . Both E (t ) and L(t ) are measured in fish per

hour, and t is measured in hours since midnight (t = 0).

(a) How many fish enter the lake over the 5-hour period from midnight (t = 0) to 5 A.M. (t = 5) ? Give your
answer to the nearest whole number.

(b) What is the average number of fish that leave the lake per hour over the 5-hour period from
midnight (t = 0) to 5 A.M. (t = 5) ?

(c) At what time t, for 0 £ t £ 8 , is the greatest number of fish in the lake? Justify your answer.

(d) Is the rate of change in the number of fish in the lake increasing or decreasing at 5 A.M. (t = 5) ? Explain
your reasoning.

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 2019 AP® CALCULUS AB FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

2. The velocity of a particle, P, moving along the x-axis is given by the differentiable function vP , where vP(t )
is measured in meters per hour and t is measured in hours. Selected values of vP(t ) are shown in the table
above. Particle P is at the origin at time t = 0.

(a) Justify why there must be at least one time t, for 0.3 £ t £ 2.8, at which vP ¢(t), the acceleration of
particle P, equals 0 meters per hour per hour.

(b) Use a trapezoidal sum with the three subintervals [0, 0.3], [0.3, 1.7], and [1.7, 2.8] to approximate the
2.8
value of ∫0 vP(t ) dt .

(c) A second particle, Q, also moves along the x-axis so that its velocity for 0 £ t £ 4 is given by

( )
vQ(t ) = 45 t cos 0.063t 2 meters per hour. Find the time interval during which the velocity of particle Q

is at least 60 meters per hour. Find the distance traveled by particle Q during the interval when the

velocity of particle Q is at least 60 meters per hour.

(d) At time t = 0, particle Q is at position x = −90 . Using the result from part (b) and the function vQ from
part (c), approximate the distance between particles P and Q at time t = 2.8.

END OF PART A OF SECTION II

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 2019 AP® CALCULUS AB FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

CALCULUS AB
SECTION II, Part B
Time—1 hour
Number of questions—4

NO CALCULATOR IS ALLOWED FOR THESE QUESTIONS.

3. The continuous function f is defined on the closed interval −6 £ x £ 5. The figure above shows a portion of
the graph of f, consisting of two line segments and a quarter of a circle centered at the point (5, 3). It is
known that the point (3, 3 − 5 ) is on the graph of f.

5 −2
(a) If ∫−6 f (x) dx = 7, find the value of ∫−6 f (x) dx . Show the work that leads to your answer.
5
(b) Evaluate ∫3 (2f ¢(x) + 4) dx.
x
(c) The function g is given by g(x ) = ∫− 2 f (t) dt . Find the absolute maximum value of g on the interval
− 2 £ x £ 5. Justify your answer.

10 x − 3f ¢(x )
(d) Find lim .
x→1 f (x ) − arctan x

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 2019 AP® CALCULUS AB FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

4. A cylindrical barrel with a diameter of 2 feet contains collected rainwater, as shown in the figure above. The

water drains out through a valve (not shown) at the bottom of the barrel. The rate of change of the height h of
dh 1
the water in the barrel with respect to time t is modeled by =− h , where h is measured in feet and
dt 10
t is measured in seconds. (The volume V of a cylinder with radius r and height h is V = pr 2h.)

(a) Find the rate of change of the volume of water in the barrel with respect to time when the height of the
water is 4 feet. Indicate units of measure.

(b) When the height of the water is 3 feet, is the rate of change of the height of the water with respect to time
increasing or decreasing? Explain your reasoning.

(c) At time t = 0 seconds, the height of the water is 5 feet. Use separation of variables to find an expression
for h in terms of t.

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 2019 AP® CALCULUS AB FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

5. Let R be the region enclosed by the graphs of g(x ) = −2 + 3 cos ( p2 x) and h(x) = 6 − 2(x − 1) , the
2

y-axis, and the vertical line x = 2, as shown in the figure above.

(a) Find the area of R.

(b) Region R is the base of a solid. For the solid, at each x the cross section perpendicular to the x-axis has
1
area A(x ) = . Find the volume of the solid.
x+3

(c) Write, but do not evaluate, an integral expression that gives the volume of the solid generated when R is
rotated about the horizontal line y = 6 .

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 2019 AP® CALCULUS AB FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

2
6. Functions f, g, and h are twice-differentiable functions with g(2) = h(2) = 4. The line y = 4 + (x − 2) is
3
tangent to both the graph of g at x = 2 and the graph of h at x = 2.

(a) Find h¢(2).

(b) Let a be the function given by a(x ) = 3x 3h(x ). Write an expression for a ¢(x). Find a ¢(2).

x2 − 4
(c) The function h satisfies h(x ) = for x π 2. It is known that lim h(x ) can be evaluated using
1 − ( f (x ))3 x →2

L’Hospital’s Rule. Use lim h(x ) to find f (2) and f ¢(2). Show the work that leads to your answers.
x→2

(d) It is known that g(x ) £ h(x ) for 1 < x < 3. Let k be a function satisfying g(x ) £ k(x ) £ h(x) for
1 < x < 3. Is k continuous at x = 2 ? Justify your answer.

STOP
END OF EXAM

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