Cim PDF

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING
AMANDEEP SINGH GABBI

AP, DME
ACET
Definition of CIM
“CIM is the integration of the total
manufacturing enterprise through the use
of integrated systems and data
communications coupled with new
managerial philosophies that improve
organizational and personnel efficiency.”
Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
is the manufacturing approach of
using computers to control the entire
production process.
What is CIM?
CIM is the integration of all enterprise operations
and activities around a common corporate data
repository.
It is the use of integrated systems and data
communications coupled with new managerial
philosophies.
CIM is not a product that can be purchased and
installed.
It is a way of thinking and solving problems.
This integration allows individual processes to
exchange information with each other and initiate
actions.
Potential Benefits of CIM
Improved customer service
Improved quality
Shorter time to market with new products
Shorter flow time
Shorter vendor lead time
Reduced inventory levels
Improved schedule performance
Greater flexibility and responsiveness
Improved competitiveness
Lower total cost
Shorter customer lead time
Increase in manufacturing productivity
Decrease in work-in process inventory
Role of Computer in Manufacturing
The computer has had a substantial impact on
almost all activities of a factory.
The operation of a CIM system gives the user
substantial benefits:
Reduction of design costs by 15-30%;
Reduction of the in-shop time of a part by 30-60%;
Increase of productivity by 40-70%;
Better product quality, reduction of scrap 20-50%.
Manufacturing Method
As a method of manufacturing, three components
distinguish CIM from other manufacturing
methodologies:
Means for data storage, retrieval, manipulation and
presentation;
Mechanisms for sensing state and modifying processes;
Algorithms for uniting the data processing component
with the sensor/modification component.
CIM is an example of the implementation
of Information and Communication Technologies(ICTs)
in manufacturing.
Key challenges
There are three major challenges for the development of a smoothly
operating computer-integrated manufacturing system:
Integration of components from different suppliers: When

different machines, such as CNC, conveyors and robots, are using
different communications protocols. In the case of AGVs (automated
guided vehicles), even differing lengths of time for charging the
batteries may cause problems.
Data integrity: The higher the degree of automation, the more
critical is the integrity of the data used to control the machines.
While the CIM system saves on labor of operating the machines, it
requires extra human labor in ensuring that there are proper
safeguards for the data signals that are used to control the machines.
Process control: Computers may be used to assist the human
operators of the manufacturing facility, but there must always be a
competent engineer on hand to handle circumstances which could
not be foreseen by the designers of the control software.
Subsystems in computer-
integrated manufacturing
CAD (Computer-Aided Design ) involves the use of
computers to create design drawings and product models.
CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering ) is the broad usage

of computer software to aid in engineering tasks .
CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing ) is the use of

computer software to control machine tools and related
machinery in the manufacturing of work pieces.
CAPP (Computer-Aided Process Planning ) is the use of

computer technology to aid in the process planning of a
part or product, in manufacturing.
Cont…
CAQ (Computer-Aided Quality Assurance) is the
engineering application of computers and computer
controlled machines for the inspection of the quality of
products.
PPC (Production Planning and Control ) A production (or
manufacturing) planning and control (MPC) system is
concerned with planning and controlling all aspects of
manufacturing, including materials, scheduling machines and
people, and coordinating suppliers and customers.
ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems integrate
internal and external management information across an
entire organization, embracing finance/accounting,
manufacturing, and sales and services.
Devices and Equipment used in CIM
CNC DNC
PNC
Other Devices….
1. Robotics
2. Computers
3. Software
4. Controllers
5. Networks & Interfacing

Technologies in CIM
1. FMS
(Flexible Manufacturing System)
2. ASRS (Automated Storage and

Retrieval System)
3. AGV
(Automated Guided Vehicle)
Automated conveyance systems &
4.
Robotics
Advantages Disadvantages
Responsiveness to shorter Unfamiliar technologies
product life cycles used.
Better process control
Requires major change in
emphasizes product quality
and uniformity.
corporate culture.
Supports and co-ordinates Reduction in short term
exchange of information profit.
Designs components for
Perceived risk is high.
machines.
High maintenance cost and
Decreases the cost of
production and maintenance expensive implementation.
What is FMS???
• A flexible manufacturing system
is a automated machine cell,
consisting of a group of
processing workstations,
interconnected with automated
material handling and storage
system.
• The FMS is most suited for the
mid-variety, mid-volume
production range
Why FMS ?
• External changes such as change in product

design and production system.
• Optimizing the manufacturing cycle time
• Reduced production costs
• Overcoming internal changes like breakdowns
etc.
What makes it flexible???
• Three capabilities that a manufacturing system

must possess to be a flexible.
1.The ability to identify and distinguish among the

different part styles processed by the system.
2.Quick changeover of operating instructions, and
3.Quick changeover of physical setup.
Classification of FMS…
• Flexible manufacturing systems can be
distinguished according to the number of
machines in the system. The following are
typical categories:
Single machine cell

Flexible manufacturing cell
Flexible manufacturing system
Single Machine Cell(SMC)
• A single machine cell consists of one CNC
machining center combined with a parts storage
system for unattended operation.
• Completed parts are periodically unloaded from
the parts storage unit, and raw work parts are
loaded into it
Flexible Manufacturing Cell (FMC)
• A flexible manufacturing cell consists of two or three

processing workstations (typically CNC machining
centers) plus a part handling system.
• The part handling system is connected to
a load/unload station.
Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)
• A flexible manufacturing system has four or
more processing workstations connected
mechanically by a common part handling
system and electronically by a distributed
computer system.
Basic components of FMS
• Workstations
• Automated Material Handling and Storage
systems
• Computer Control System
Workstation
•Substations
1. Load/Unload Stations
2. Machining Stations
3.Other processing stations
4. Assembly
Material handling system
• Automated fork lifting and Rail traveler.
Computer control
Programmable logic Controller
Layouts of FMS
• Progressive or Line Type
• Loop Type
• Ladder Type
• Open field type
• Robot centered type
1.Progressive Layout
2. Loop Layout
3.Ladder Type Layout 4.Open Field Layout
5. Robot Centered Layout
Application of FMS
• Metal-cutting machining
• Metal forming
• Assembly
• Joining-welding (arc ,
spot), gluing
• Surface treatment
• Inspection
• Testing
Advantages of FMS
• To reduce set up and queue times
• Improve efficiency
• Reduce time for product completion
• Utilize human workers better
• Improve product routing
• Produce a variety of Items under one roof
• Improve product quality
• Serve a variety of vendors simultaneously
• Produce more product more quickly
Disadvantages of FMS
• Expensive.
• Substantial pre-planning activity.

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COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING

AMANDEEP SINGH GABBI

Integration of components from different suppliers: When

CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering ) is the broad usage

CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing ) is the use of

CAPP (Computer-Aided Process Planning ) is the use of

5. Networks & Interfacing

2. ASRS (Automated Storage and

• External changes such as change in product

• Three capabilities that a manufacturing system

1.The ability to identify and distinguish among the

Single machine cell

• A flexible manufacturing cell consists of two or three

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