Unit 1.2 History, Determinants, Core Functions, Essentials, Uhc, and Health Delivery Systems Disease Control Phase

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MT 6312 COMMUNITY HEALTH IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

UNIT 1.2 HISTORY, DETERMINANTS, CORE FUNCTIONS, ESSENTIALS, UHC, AND HEALTH DELIVERY
SYSTEMS
DISEASE CONTROL PHASE
HISTORY OF PUBLIC HEALTH
 1880-1920
RISE OF PUBLIC HEALTH: THE 19th CENTURY  Sanitary legislation and sanitary reforms
THE GREAT SANITARY AWAKENING  Less available technical knowledge
 th
19 century – era of unplanned industrialization  Aimed at the control of man’s physical
 Social reforms & advancement in Public Health environment (water supply sewage disposal) & not
o the identification of filth as both a cause of disease at the control of any specific disease
and a vehicle of transmission  Improvement in the health of people due to disease
o cleanliness was embraced and death and control
 a path both to physical & moral health
 Illness came to seen as an indicator of: HEALTH PROMOTIONAL PHASE
o poor social environmental conditions  1920-1960
o poor moral and spiritual conditions
 In addition to disease control activities one more
 Disease control shifted from reacting to intermittent
goals was added to public health (i.e. health
outbreaks to continuing measures for prevention.
promotion of the individuals)
 public health became a societal goal
 protecting health became a public activity.  It was mminitiated as personal health services such
as
THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC ACTIVITIES IN  Introduction of mother & child health
HEALTH services
 Industrial health services
EDWIN CHADWICK
 Mental health serices
 a London lawyer (1838)
 one of the most recognized names in the sanitary reform  Rehabilitation services
movement  Proper dissemination of information and
 Under his authority, a commission conducted studies of denouncing of beliefs
the life and health of:  Two great movement were initiated for human
o the London working class in 1838 development:
o the entire country in 1842. a)  Provision of basic health services through the
 The report of these studies, ‘General Report on the medium, of PHCs and sb-centers
Sanitary Conditions’ b)  Community development program to promote
o document of the appalling conditions in which
village development through active participation of
masses of the working people were compelled to
whole community.
live, and die, in the industrial towns and rural
areas of UK.
 Chadwick documented that the average age at death for the SOCIAL ENGINEERING PHASE
gentry was 36 years; for the tradesmen, 22 years; and for  Develop treatment for chronic diseases
the laborers, only 16 years. o Able to control and minimize its
development

HEALTH FOR ALL PHASE


 Equity

- Sudden drop in mortality rate

CHANGING CONCEPT OF PUBLIC HEALTH

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