UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DEL

PERÚ

Composition:
Alexander Graham Bell

Course:
INGLES II (9070)

Students:
Quiroz Valenzuela Jhomar 0000000
Villanueva Chuquizuta José M. 0517044

Teacher:
Melisa Sue Ninatanta Castillo

LIMA – PERÚ
2020
 Alexander Graham Bell

In this paper we will talk about Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish professor, scientist and
inventor, who greatly influenced the field of Telecommunications, with the invention of
the telephone (1876) and the refinement of the Phonograph (1886).

Alexander Graham Bell was born on March 3, 1847 in Edinburgh, United Kingdom and
passed away at the age of 75 on August 2, 1922 in Beinn Bhreagh, Canada.
His mother was deaf. His father and grandfather taught deaf people elocution, a
profession he followed. At the age of 11 he entered the Royal High School in
Edinburgh, in the autumn of 1868 he entered the University College London, but did
not finish his studies because his family emigrated to Canada. He lived in Brantford,
Ontario, but in 1871 he moved to Boston to teach at the school for the deaf, then taught
at Clarke School for the Deaf in Northampton, Massachusetts, and at the American
School for the Deaf in Hartford, Connecticut. Bell traveled extensively and as an adult
took a vacation to Nova Scotia, where he bought a house and 50 acres of land near the
village of Baddeck on the island of Cape Breton.
In 1876 he met Mabel Hubbard who had been soda since the age of five, she was his
student. They fell in love and married on July 11, 1877. They had four children, Elsie
(1878-1964), Marian (1880-1962) and two children who died in infancy.
During his first years of teaching, he began his research on how to send several
telegraphic messages simultaneously on a copper cable. His money was invested in
his research. He had times of hunger, when he had no money, he only ate cheese,
bread, an apple, or he did not eat. Alexander wore pants, shirt, jacket and hats of the
time, but his good presence fell in love with his wife who supported him in the invention
of the first telephone, an invention that he patented on February 14, 1876. Bell had
several lawsuits for the patent.
On March 10, he spoke the first words on his invention and it was “Mr. Watson, come
here, I want to see you”, when he spilled acid on his pants, testing his equipment. Bell
introduced his telephone in June 1876 at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition, in
front of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, the physicist Sir William Thomson, and in August
the first long-distance round-trip call was made from Brantford to Ontario.
Alexander Graham Bell had other inventions such as the Photophone, Hydrofoil, HD-4,
Audiometer, Metal Detector, Tetrahedral Comet, but his greatest invention was the
telephone that I would like to say takes him to the top of the inventors for having
revolutionized communications worldwide; and whose invention we all use today.
RUBRICAS

1. Describir un inventor relacionado con su carrera:

2. Eventos pasados en la vida de esta persona
3. Inicios de su vida
4. Lugares donde esta persona nacio o vive, clima estaciones, su manera
de vestir, cual era su rutina, que lugares visitaba frecuentemente en las
vacaciones.
5. Se expresa sobre el mayor logro o invento de esta persona
6. Sobre como otras personas usan su invento en la vida diaria
7. Sobre sus planes en cuanto al uso de su invento en el futuro
8. Todo de manera fluida a través de una presentación en parejas.

Gramática:

 Pasado del verso ser y estar (was/were)

 Pasado simple con verbos regulares e irregulares
 Pasado del verbo de existencia (there was/there were)
 Presente simple continuo
 Expresiones: Cuánto, cuántos, varios (ho many/hoy much/ a lot of)
 Futuro con la expresión “ir a” (going to), expresión “Me gustaría…” (I
would like…)

Vocabulario:

 Expresiones de tiempo, años, lugares, comida.

 Sustantivos contables y no contables
 Etapas de la vida, clima, estaciones del año, vestimenta, objetos de
viaje, turismo, lugares populares en la ciudad, tipos de vacaciones.
Alexander Graham Bell (nacido el 3 de marzo de 1847 en Edimburgo, Escocia;
fallecido el 2 de agosto de 1922 en Beinn Bhreagh, isla del Cabo Bretón, Nueva
Escocia , Canadá), inventor, científico y profesor estadounidense de origen escocés de
sordos cuyos principales logros fueron la invención de lateléfono (1876) y el
refinamiento del fonógrafo (1886).
Alexander Graham Bell, (born March 3, 1847, Edinburgh, Scotland—died August 2,
1922, Beinn Bhreagh, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada), Scottish-born
American inventor, scientist, and teacher of the deaf whose foremost accomplishments
were the invention of the telephone (1876) and the refinement of the phonograph
(1886).
Alexander ("Graham" no se agregó hasta los 11 años) nació de Alexander Melville Bell
y Eliza Grace Symonds. Su madre estaba casi sorda y su padre enseñóelocución a los
sordos, influyendo en la elección de carrera posterior de Alejandro como maestro de
sordos. A los 11 años ingresó en la Royal High School de Edimburgo , pero no disfrutó
del plan de estudios obligatorio y dejó la escuela a los 15 años sin graduarse. En 1865
la familia se trasladó a Londres. Alexander aprobó los exámenes de ingreso para el
University College London en junio de 1868 y se matriculó allí en otoño. Sin embargo,
no completó sus estudios, pues en 1870 la familia Bell se mudó nuevamente, esta vez
emigrando a Canadá tras la muerte del hermano menor de Bell, Edward en 1867, y del
hermano mayor Melville en 1870, ambos de tuberculosis . La familia se instaló en
Brantford, Ontario, pero en abril de 1871 Alexander se mudó a Boston, donde enseñó
en la Escuela de Boston para Sordos Mudos. También enseñó en la Clarke School for
the Deaf en Northampton , Massachusetts, y en la American School for the Deaf en
Hartford , Connecticut.
Alexander (“Graham” was not added until he was 11) was born to Alexander Melville
Bell and Eliza Grace Symonds. His mother was almost deaf, and his father taught
elocution to the deaf, influencing Alexander’s later career choice as teacher of the deaf.
At age 11 he entered the Royal High School at Edinburgh, but he did not enjoy the
compulsory curriculum, and he left school at age 15 without graduating. In 1865 the
family moved to London. Alexander passed the entrance examinations for University
College London in June 1868 and matriculated there in the autumn. However, he did
not complete his studies, because in 1870 the Bell family moved again, this time
immigrating to Canada after the deaths of Bell’s younger brother Edward in 1867 and
older brother Melville in 1870, both of tuberculosis. The family settled in Brantford,
Ontario, but in April 1871 Alexander moved to Boston, where he taught at the Boston
School for Deaf Mutes. He also taught at the Clarke School for the Deaf in
Northampton, Massachusetts, and at the American School for the Deaf in Hartford,
Connecticut.

Uno de los estudiantes de Bell fue Mabel Hubbard , hija de Gardiner Greene Hubbard,
fundador de Clarke School. Mabel se había vuelto sorda a los cinco años como
resultado de un brote casi fatal de escarlatina . Bell comenzó a trabajar con ella en
1873, cuando tenía 15 años. A pesar de una diferencia de edad de 10 años, se
enamoraron y se casaron el 11 de julio de 1877. Tuvieron cuatro hijos, Elsie (1878-
1964), Marian (1880-1962) y dos hijos que murieron en la infancia.
One of Bell’s students was Mabel Hubbard, daughter of Gardiner Greene Hubbard, a
founder of the Clarke School. Mabel had become deaf at age five as a result of a near-
fatal bout of scarlet fever. Bell began working with her in 1873, when she was 15 years
old. Despite a 10-year age difference, they fell in love and were married on July 11,
1877. They had four children, Elsie (1878–1964), Marian (1880–1962), and two sons
who died in infancy.

Mientras ejercía su profesión docente, Bell también comenzó a investigar métodos

para transmitir varios mensajes telegráficos simultáneamente a través de un solo
cable, un enfoque importante de la innovación telegráfica en ese momento y que
finalmente condujo a la invención del teléfono por Bell. En 1868 Joseph Stearns había
inventado el dúplex, un sistema que transmitía dos mensajes simultáneamente a
través de un solo cable.Western Union Telegraph Company , la empresa dominante en
la industria, adquirió los derechos del dúplex de Stearns y contrató al célebre inventor
Thomas Edison para diseñar tantos métodos de transmisión múltiple como fuera
posible con el fin de impedir que los competidores los utilicen. El trabajo de Edison
culminó en el quadruplex, un sistema para enviar cuatro mensajes telegráficos
simultáneos a través de un solo cable. Luego, los inventores buscaron métodos que
pudieran enviar más de cuatro; algunos, incluidos Bell y su gran rival Elisha Gray ,
desarrollaron diseños capaces de subdividir una línea de telégrafo en 10 o más
canales. Estos llamados telégrafos armónicos usaban lengüetas o diapasones que
respondían a frecuencias acústicas específicas. Funcionaron bien en el laboratorio
pero resultaron poco fiables en el servicio.
While pursuing his teaching profession, Bell also began researching methods to
transmit several telegraph messages simultaneously over a single wire—a major focus
of telegraph innovation at the time and one that ultimately led to Bell’s invention of the
telephone. In 1868 Joseph Stearns had invented the duplex, a system that transmitted
two messages simultaneously over a single wire. Western Union Telegraph Company,
the dominant firm in the industry, acquired the rights to Stearns’s duplex and hired the
noted inventor Thomas Edison to devise as many multiple-transmission methods as
possible in order to block competitors from using them. Edison’s work culminated in the
quadruplex, a system for sending four simultaneous telegraph messages over a single
wire. Inventors then sought methods that could send more than four; some, including
Bell and his great rival Elisha Gray, developed designs capable of subdividing a
telegraph line into 10 or more channels. These so-called harmonic telegraphs used
reeds or tuning forks that responded to specific acoustic frequencies. They worked well
in the laboratory but proved unreliable in service.

Un grupo de inversores liderado por Gardiner Hubbard quería establecer una empresa
de telégrafos autorizada por el gobierno federal para competir con Western Union
mediante un contrato con la Oficina de Correos para enviar telegramas de bajo costo.
Hubbard vio una gran promesa en el telégrafo armónico y respaldó los experimentos
de Bell. Bell, sin embargo, estaba más interesado en transmitir la voz humana.
Finalmente, él y Hubbard llegaron a un acuerdo en el que Bell dedicaría la mayor parte
de su tiempo al telégrafo armónico, pero continuaría desarrollando su concepto de
teléfono.
A group of investors led by Gardiner Hubbard wanted to establish a federally chartered
telegraph company to compete with Western Union by contracting with the Post Office
to send low-cost telegrams. Hubbard saw great promise in the harmonic telegraph and
backed Bell’s experiments. Bell, however, was more interested in transmitting the
human voice. Finally, he and Hubbard worked out an agreement that Bell would devote
most of his time to the harmonic telegraph but would continue developing his telephone
concept.

Desde los telégrafos armónicos que transmiten tonos musicales, fue un pequeño paso
conceptual tanto para Bell como para Gray transmitir la voz humana. Bell presentó una
patente que describe su método de transmisión de sonidos el 14 de febrero de 1876,
pocas horas antes de que Gray presentara una advertencia (una declaración de
concepto) sobre un método similar. El 7 de marzo de 1876, la Oficina de Patentes
otorgó a Bell lo que se dice que es una de las patentes más valiosas de la historia. Lo
más probable es que tanto Bell como Gray idearon de forma independiente sus
diseños de teléfonos como una consecuencia de su trabajo sobre la telegrafía
armónica. Sin embargo, la cuestión de la prioridad de la invención entre los dos ha
sido controvertida desde el principio.
From harmonic telegraphs transmitting musical tones, it was a short conceptual step
for both Bell and Gray to transmit the human voice. Bell filed a patent describing his
method of transmitting sounds on February 14, 1876, just hours before Gray filed a
caveat (a statement of concept) on a similar method. On March 7, 1876, the Patent
Office awarded Bell what is said to be one of the most valuable patents in history. It is
most likely that both Bell and Gray independently devised their telephone designs as
an outgrowth of their work on harmonic telegraphy. However, the question of priority of
invention between the two has been controversial from the very beginning.

A pesar de tener la patente, Bell no tenía un instrumento en pleno funcionamiento.

Primero pronunció un discurso inteligible el 10 de marzo de 1876, cuando llamó a su
asistente de laboratorio,Thomas A. Watson , con palabras que Bell transcribió en sus
notas de laboratorio como “Sr. Watson, ven aquí, quiero verte. Durante los meses
siguientes, Bell continuó perfeccionando su instrumento para hacerlo adecuado para la
exhibición pública. En junio, mostró su teléfono a los jueces de la Exposición del
Centenario de Filadelfia , una prueba presenciada por el emperador Pedro II de Brasil
y el célebre físico escocés Sir William Thomson . En agosto de ese año, estaba en el
extremo receptor del primer viaje de idallamada de larga distancia , transmitida desde
Brantford a la cercana Paris, Ontario, a través de un cable telegráfico.
Despite having the patent, Bell did not have a fully functioning instrument. He first
produced intelligible speech on March 10, 1876, when he summoned his laboratory
assistant, Thomas A. Watson, with words that Bell transcribed in his lab notes as “Mr.
Watson—come here—I want to see you.” Over the next few months, Bell continued to
refine his instrument to make it suitable for public exhibition. In June he demonstrated
his telephone to the judges of the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition, a test witnessed
by Brazil’s Emperor Pedro II and the celebrated Scottish physicist Sir William
Thomson. In August of that year, he was on the receiving end of the first one-way long-
distance call, transmitted from Brantford to nearby Paris, Ontario, over a telegraph
wire.
Gardiner Hubbard organizó un grupo que estableció el Bell Telephone Company en
julio de 1877 para comercializar el teléfono de Bell. Bell fue el asesor técnico de la
empresa hasta que perdió interés en la telefonía a principios de la década de 1880.
Aunque su invento lo hizo rico de manera independiente, vendió la mayoría de sus
acciones en la empresa antes de tiempo y no obtuvo tanto beneficio como podría
haber retenido sus acciones. Así, a mediados de la década de 1880, su papel en la
industria telefónica era marginal.
Gardiner Hubbard organized a group that established the Bell Telephone Company in
July 1877 to commercialize Bell’s telephone. Bell was the company’s technical adviser
until he lost interest in telephony in the early 1880s. Although his invention rendered
him independently wealthy, he sold off most of his stock holdings in the company early
and did not profit as much as he might have had he retained his shares. Thus, by the
mid-1880s his role in the telephone industry was marginal.

En ese momento, Bell había desarrollado un creciente interés en la tecnología

degrabación y reproducción de sonido . Aunque Edison había inventado el fonógrafo
en 1877, pronto centró su atención en otras tecnologías, especialmente la energía
eléctrica y la iluminación, y su máquina, que grababa y reproducía el sonido en un
cilindro giratorio envuelto en papel de aluminio, seguía siendo un dispositivo incómodo
y poco fiable. En 1880, el gobierno francés otorgó a Bell el Premio Volta, otorgado por
logros en ciencias eléctricas. Bell usó el dinero del premio para configurar suVolta
Laboratory, institución dedicada a estudiar la sordera y mejorar la vida de los sordos,
en Washington, DC Allí también se dedicó a mejorar el fonógrafo. En 1885, Bell y sus
colegas (su primo Chichester A. Bell y el inventor Charles Sumner Tainter ) tenían un
diseño apto para uso comercial que presentaba un cilindro de cartón removible
recubierto con cera mineral. Llamaron a su dispositivo elGraphophone y solicitó
patentes, que fueron concedidas en 1886. El grupo formó la Volta Graphophone
Company para producir su invención. Luego, en 1887, vendieron sus patentes a la
American Graphophone Company, que luego se convirtió en Columbia Phonograph
Company. Bell utilizó sus ganancias de la venta para dotar al Laboratorio Volta.
By that time, Bell had developed a growing interest in the technology of sound
recording and playback. Although Edison had invented the phonograph in 1877, he
soon turned his attention to other technologies, especially electric power and lighting,
and his machine, which recorded and reproduced sound on a rotating cylinder wrapped
in tinfoil, remained an unreliable and cumbersome device. In 1880 the French
government awarded Bell the Volta Prize, given for achievement in electrical science.
Bell used the prize money to set up his Volta Laboratory, an institution devoted to
studying deafness and improving the lives of the deaf, in Washington, D.C. There he
also devoted himself to improving the phonograph. By 1885 Bell and his colleagues
(his cousin Chichester A. Bell and the inventor Charles Sumner Tainter) had a design
fit for commercial use that featured a removable cardboard cylinder coated with mineral
wax. They called their device the Graphophone and applied for patents, which were
granted in 1886. The group formed the Volta Graphophone Company to produce their
invention. Then in 1887 they sold their patents to the American Graphophone
Company, which later evolved into the Columbia Phonograph Company. Bell used his
proceeds from the sale to endow the Volta Laboratory.
Bell emprendió otros dos proyectos de investigación notables en el Laboratorio Volta.
En 1880 comenzó a investigar sobre el uso de la luz como medio para transmitir
sonido. En 1873, el científico británico Willoughby Smith descubrió que el elemento
selenio , un semiconductor , variaba su resistencia eléctrica con la intensidad de la luz
incidente. Bell trató de utilizar esta propiedad para desarrollar el fotófono, un invento
que consideraba al menos igual a su teléfono. Pudo demostrar que el fotófono era
tecnológicamente viable , pero no se convirtió en un producto comercialmente viable.
Sin embargo, contribuyó a la investigación del efecto fotovoltaico que tuvo aplicaciones
prácticas a finales del siglo XX.
Bell undertook two other noteworthy research projects at the Volta Laboratory. In 1880
he began research on using light as a means to transmit sound. In 1873 British
scientist Willoughby Smith discovered that the element selenium, a semiconductor,
varied its electrical resistance with the intensity of incident light. Bell sought to use this
property to develop the photophone, an invention he regarded as at least equal to his
telephone. He was able to demonstrate that the photophone was technologically
feasible, but it did not develop into a commercially viable product. Nevertheless, it
contributed to research into the photovoltaic effect that had practical applications later
in the 20th century.

La otra empresa importante de Bell fue el desarrollo de una sonda de bala eléctrica,
una versión temprana del detector de metales, para uso quirúrgico. El origen de este
esfuerzo fue el disparo del presidente estadounidense James A. Garfield en julio de
1881. Una bala se alojó en la espalda del presidente y los médicos no pudieron
localizarla mediante sondas físicas. Bell decidió que un enfoque prometedor era utilizar
una inducciónbalance, un subproducto de su investigación sobre la cancelación de
interferencias eléctricas en los cables telefónicos. Bell determinó que una balanza de
inducción correctamente configurada emitiría un tono cuando se acercara un objeto
metálico. A fines de julio, comenzó a buscar la bala de Garfield, pero fue en vano. A
pesar de la muerte de Garfield en septiembre, Bell demostró con éxito la investigación
a un grupo de médicos. Los cirujanos lo adoptaron, y se le atribuye haber salvado
vidas durante la Guerra de los Bóer (1899-1902) y la Primera Guerra Mundial (1914-
18).
Bell’s other major undertaking was the development of an electrical bullet probe, an
early version of the metal detector, for surgical use. The origin of this effort was the
shooting of U.S. President James A. Garfield in July 1881. A bullet lodged in the
president’s back, and doctors were unable to locate it through physical probing. Bell
decided that a promising approach was to use an induction balance, a by-product of his
research on canceling out electrical interference on telephone wires. Bell determined
that a properly configured induction balance would emit a tone when a metal object
was brought into proximity with it. At the end of July, he began searching for Garfield’s
bullet, but to no avail. Despite Garfield’s death in September, Bell later successfully
demonstrated the probe to a group of doctors. Surgeons adopted it, and it was credited
with saving lives during the Boer War (1899–1902) and World War I (1914–18).

En septiembre de 1885, la familia Bell se fue de vacaciones a Nueva Escocia, Canadá,

e inmediatamente se enamoró del clima y el paisaje. Al año siguiente, Bell compró 50
acres de tierra cerca de la aldea de Baddeck en la isla de Cape Breton y comenzó a
construir una finca que llamó Beinn Bhreagh, en gaélico escocés para "Beautiful
Mountain". El inventor nacido en Escocia era ciudadano estadounidense desde 1882,
pero la finca canadiense se convirtió en el refugio de verano de la familia y luego en el
hogar permanente.
In September 1885 the Bell family vacationed in Nova Scotia, Canada, and
immediately fell in love with the climate and landscape. The following year, Bell bought
50 acres of land near the village of Baddeck on Cape Breton Island and began
constructing an estate he called Beinn Bhreagh, Scots Gaelic for “Beautiful Mountain.”
The Scottish-born inventor had been an American citizen since 1882, but the Canadian
estate became the family’s summer retreat and later permanent home.

Durante la década de 1890, Bell centró su atención en los vuelos más pesados que el
aire . A partir de 1891, inspirado por la investigación del científico estadounidense
Samuel Pierpont Langley , experimentó con formas de alas y diseños de palas de
hélice. Continuó sus experimentos incluso después de que Wilbur y Orville Wright
realizaron el primer vuelo controlado y propulsado con éxito en 1903. En 1907 Bell
fundó elAerial Experiment Association , que logró un progreso significativo en el diseño
y control de aeronaves y contribuyó a la carrera del aviador pionero Glenn Hammond
Curtiss .
During the 1890s Bell shifted his attention to heavier-than-air flight. Starting in 1891,
inspired by the research of American scientist Samuel Pierpont Langley, he
experimented with wing shapes and propeller blade designs. He continued his
experiments even after Wilbur and Orville Wright made the first successful powered,
controlled flight in 1903. In 1907 Bell founded the Aerial Experiment Association, which
made significant progress in aircraft design and control and contributed to the career of
pioneer aviator Glenn Hammond Curtiss.

A lo largo de su vida, Bell buscó fomentar el avance del conocimiento científico. Apoyó
la revista Science , que más tarde se convirtió en la publicación oficial de la Asociación
Estadounidense para el Avance de la Ciencia . Fue uno de los fundadores de
laNational Geographic Society en 1888 y sucedió a su suegro, Gardiner Hubbard,
como presidente de la sociedad entre 1898 y 1903. En ese año, su yerno, Gilbert H.
Grosvenor , se convirtió en editor en jefe de National Geographic Revista . Bell murió
en su finca de Nueva Escocia, donde fue enterrado.
Throughout his life, Bell sought to foster the advance of scientific knowledge. He
supported the journal Science, which later became the official publication of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was one of the founders of
the National Geographic Society in 1888 and succeeded his father-in-law, Gardiner
Hubbard, as president of the society between 1898 and 1903. In that year his son-in-
law, Gilbert H. Grosvenor, became editor in chief of the National Geographic Magazine.
Bell died at his Nova Scotia estate, where he was buried.
Español Traductor Google
En el presente trabajo hablaremos de In this paper we will talk about Alexander
Alexander Graham Bell, profesor, Graham Bell, Scottish professor, scientist
científico e inventor Escoces, que influyo and inventor, who greatly influenced the
grandemente en el campo de las field of Telecommunications, with the
Telecomunicaciones, con el invento del invention of the telephone (1876) and the
teléfono (1876) y el refinamiento del refinement of the Phonograph (1886).
Fonógrafo (1886).
Alexander Graham Bell was born on
Alexander Graham Bell nació el 3 de March 3, 1847 in Edinburgh, United
marzo de 1847 en Edimburgo, Reino Kingdom and passed away at the age of
Unido y falleció a la edad de 75 años el 2 75 on August 2, 1922 in Beinn Bhreagh,
de agosto de 1922 en Beinn Bhreagh, Canada.
Canada. His mother was deaf. His father and
Su Madre era sorda. Su Padre y abuelo grandfather taught deaf people elocution,
enseñaron elocuación a personas a profession he followed. At the age of
sordas, profesión que siguió. A los 11 11 he entered the Royal High School in
años ingreso a la Royal High School de Edinburgh, in the autumn of 1868 he
Edimburgo, en el otoño de 1868 ingresó entered the University College London,
a la University College London, pero no but did not finish his studies because his
terminó sus estudios porque su familia family emigrated to Canada. He lived in
emigró a Canadá. Vivió en Brantford, Brantford, Ontario, but in 1871 he moved
Ontario pero en 1871 se mudó a Boston to Boston to teach at the school for the
para enseñar en la escuela de sordos deaf, then taught at Clarke School for the
mudos, luego enseña en Clarke School Deaf in Northampton, Massachusetts,
for the Deaf en Northampton, and at the American School for the Deaf
Massachusetts, y en la American School in Hartford, Connecticut. Bell traveled
for the Deaf en Hartford, Connecticut. extensively and as an adult took a
Bell viajo mucho y de mayor tuvo como vacation to Nova Scotia, where he
lugar de vacaciones Nueva Escocia, bought a house and 50 acres of land
donde compro una casa y 50 acres de near the village of Baddeck on the island
tierra cerca de la aldea de Baddeck en la of Cape Breton.
isla de Cape Breton. In 1876 he met Mabel Hubbard who had
En 1876 conoció a Mabel Hubbard que been soda since the age of five, she was
era soda desde los cinco años, fue su his student. They fell in love and married
estudiante. Se enamoraron y casaron El on July 11, 1877. They had four children,
11 de julio de 1877. Tuvieron cuatro Elsie (1878-1964), Marian (1880-1962)
hijos, Elsie (1878-1964), Marian (1880- and two children who died in infancy.
1962) y dos hijos que murieron en la During his first years of teaching, he
infancia. began his research on how to send
Durante sus primeros años de docente, several telegraphic messages
inicio sus investigaciones en como simultaneously on a copper cable. His
enviar en simultaneo varios mensajes money was invested in his research. He
telegráficos sobre un cable de cobre. Su had times of hunger, when he had no
dinero lo invertía en sus investigaciones. money, he only ate cheese, bread, an
Tuvo épocas de hambre, cuando no apple, or he did not eat. Alexander wore
tenía dinero, solo comía queso, pan, una pants, shirt, jacket and hats of the time,
manzana, o no comía. Alexander vestía but his good presence fell in love with his
pantalón, camisa, chaqueta y sombreros wife who supported him in the invention
de la época, pero su buena presencia of the first telephone, an invention that
enamoró a su esposa quien lo apoyo en he patented on February 14, 1876. Bell
la invención del primero teléfono, invento had several lawsuits for the patent.
que patentó el 14 de febrero de 1876 el On March 10, he spoke the first words on
cual. Bell tuvo varias demandas por la his invention and it was “Mr. Watson,
patente. come here, I want to see you ”, when he
El 10 de marzo, habló las primeras spilled acid on his pants, testing his
palabras en su invento y fueron “Sr. equipment. Bell introduced his telephone
Watson, ven aquí, quiero verte”, cuando in June 1876 at the Philadelphia
se le derramó acido en el pantalón, Centennial Exposition, in front of
haciendo pruebas en su equipo. Bell Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, the physicist
presentó su teléfono en junio de 1876 en Sir William Thomson, and in August the
la exposición de Centenario de Filadelfia, first long-distance round-trip call was
frente al emperador Pedro II de Brasil, el made from Brantford to Ontario.
físico Sir William Thomson y en agosto Alexander Graham Bell had other
se realizó la primera llamada ida y vuelta inventions such as the Photophone,
de larga distancia desde Brantford a Hydrofoil, HD-4, Audiometer, Metal
Ontario. Detector, Tetrahedral Comet, but his
Alexander Graham Bell tuvo otros greatest invention was the telephone that
inventos como el Fotófono, Hidroala, I would like to say takes him to the top of
HD-4, Audímetro, Detector de metales, the inventors for having revolutionized
Cometa tetraédrica pero su mayor communications worldwide ; and whose
invento fue el teléfono que me gustaría invention we all use today.
decir lo lleva a sima de los inventores
por haber revolucionó las
comunicaciones a nivel mundial; y cuyo
invento hoy todos utilizamos.
 Alexander Graham Bell

In this paper we will talk about Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish professor, scientist and
inventor, who greatly influenced the field of Telecommunications, with the invention of
the telephone (1876) and the refinement of the Phonograph (1886).

Alexander Graham Bell was born on March 3, 1847 in Edinburgh, United Kingdom and
passed away at the age of 75 on August 2, 1922 in Beinn Bhreagh, Canada.
His mother was deaf. His father and grandfather taught deaf people elocution, a
profession he followed. At the age of 11 he entered the Royal High School in
Edinburgh, in the autumn of 1868 he entered the University College London, but did
not finish his studies because his family emigrated to Canada. He lived in Brantford,
Ontario, but in 1871 he moved to Boston to teach at the school for the deaf, then taught
at Clarke School for the Deaf in Northampton, Massachusetts, and at the American
School for the Deaf in Hartford, Connecticut. Bell traveled extensively and as an adult
took a vacation to Nova Scotia, where he bought a house and 50 acres of land near the
village of Baddeck on the island of Cape Breton.
In 1876 he met Mabel Hubbard who had been soda since the age of five, she was his
student. They fell in love and married on July 11, 1877. They had four children, Elsie
(1878-1964), Marian (1880-1962) and two children who died in infancy.
During his first years of teaching, he began his research on how to send several
telegraphic messages simultaneously on a copper cable. His money was invested in
his research. He had times of hunger, when he had no money, he only ate cheese,
bread, an apple, or he did not eat. Alexander wore pants, shirt, jacket and hats of the
time, but his good presence fell in love with his wife who supported him in the invention
of the first telephone, an invention that he patented on February 14, 1876. Bell had
several lawsuits for the patent.
On March 10, he spoke the first words on his invention and it was “Mr. Watson, come
here, I want to see you”, when he spilled acid on his pants, testing his equipment. Bell
introduced his telephone in June 1876 at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition, in
front of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, the physicist Sir William Thomson, and in August
the first long-distance round-trip call was made from Brantford to Ontario.
Alexander Graham Bell had other inventions such as the Photophone, Hydrofoil, HD-4,
Audiometer, Metal Detector, Tetrahedral Comet, but his greatest invention was the
telephone that I would like to say takes him to the top of the inventors for having
revolutionized communications worldwide; and whose invention we all use today.