Read The Following Text and Answer Do The Activities That Follow

Attempt all the questions:
1. Read the following text and answer do the activities that follow:
The defence mechanism of human body is a gift of nature

provided to human beings. The power of our body to fight
against various disease-producing agents is known as defensive
mechanism. This defensive mechanism depends upon various
factors which can be categorised mainly into two types—
common factors and special factors.
Amongst the common factors, the most important is the health of

human beings. We all know if we are having a good health, our
body automatically remains protected against the diseases. For
keeping good health one should have nutritious balanced diet. A
balanced diet is that which contains carbohydrates, fat, proteins,
vitamins in proportionate amount.
The skin of our body saves us against many micro-organisms

producing diseases, provided that it is intact. In case there are
cuts or abrasions on it, the micro-organisms penetrate the body
through those cuts and abrasions and can cause diseases.
Therefore, a cut or an abrasion should never be left open. In
case there is no bandage, etc. available, it may be covered by a
clean cloth.
Some bacteria are residing on and inside the human body. They
are our friends and are useful for us. They do not cause any
disease and by their presence they do not allow disease-causing
organisms to settle on those places. For example, the micro-
organisms, present in human saliva secrete a chemical which
does not allow diphtheria causing bacteria to grow inside the oral
cavity.
The human body secretes a variety of fluids, which are killers for
disease causing micro-organisms. For example, gastric juice
(acidic in nature) secreted by our intestinal tract kills all
organisms which enter our body through food.
There are a few automatic activities of our body known as “reflex
phenomenon” which
protect the body against many infections. This reflex
phenomenon includes sneezing, coughing and vomiting. •
Fever is one of the most important constituents of the defensive

mechanism of our body. The organ which regulates the
temperature of our body is known as hypothalamus and it is
situated in the brain. When micro-organisms after entering the
body release toxic products and these reach the brain through
blood, the hypothalamus starts increasing the temperature of
body the person gets fever. This fever is very useful for the
human body because by the increase of temperature the micro-
organisms which are the root cause of the problem get killed.
We are living in an environment which is full of bacteria. Many of

these bacteria can produce serious diseases, but all of us do not
suffer from such diseases. It is due to a special power present in
our body to fight these diseases. A part of this special power of
our body is known as innate immunity. This is inherited by us.
The other part of this special power is called acquired immunity.
This we gain during our lifetime.
In a nutshell, we can say since nature has provided us with

defensive mechanism to fight against so many diseases, let us
maintain it and rather increase it by the way of immunisation.
A. Answer any five questions: 5X1=5
i. How can micro-organism’s penetration be checked in the human
body?
ii. What is the role of gastric juice in human body?
iii. How can we increase our defensive mechanism?
iv. What do you mean by reflex phenomenon? How is it helpful for
human body?
v. Give the similar meanings.
(a) scraping or rubbing of (para 3)
(b) poisonous (para 7)
B) Give the proper sequence for the following events. 5X1=5
i. Innate immunity is but a part of this unique power of our body

ii. The organ regulating the temperature of our body is located in
the head
iii. gastric juice exterminates infection causing micro-organisms.
iv. Some bacteria are in our favour as they do not consent to
disease causing germs to patch up in our body
v. Common factors and special factors are our protective apparatus
C) Do the following vocabulary related questions.
Answer any two : 5X2=10

a. LaPena states that the oral tradition helps maintain the values of a culture. If you
believe that oral tradition is important, how would you maintain it? (Sharing
Tradition)
b. 'The Selfish Giant ' is a story for children by Oscar Wilde. Why do you think that
the giant is Selfish?
c. Is corona virus a pandemic? Do you think that human behavior is responsible for
the pandemic?
1. Free writing section(7+ 8+10=15 marks )
a. Describe a recent event that made you happy. 7
You should say:
 when and where it was

 who was involved
 what happened
 and explain why it made you happy.
b. Your best friend just had her first baby. You are currently overseas but will be returning
to your hometown in a week. Write to your friend. In your letter: 8
 congratulate your friend
 tell her when you will be returning home
 ask when you could drop in to meet her and the baby
c. Do you think that there is still discrimination between sons and daughters in terms of
providing education in our country? What strategies do you suggest to overcome such
discrimination against girls? 10
Grammar section (15 marks)
5. find the words from the text which mean the following: 5X1 = 5
a. A messenger or representative on a diplomatic mission
b. harm done to someone in response to harm
c. a person who is believed to speak for god
d. sympathetic pity and concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of others
e. the use of physical force so as to injure abuse damage or destroy
6. Classify the underline words into different word classes.5 X1=5
a. Honesty is the best policy.
b. Peter, you are a lazy boy. That's why Sam failed in what he attempted.
c. She can sing beautifully but hesitate to sing .
d. He reads quite clearly.
e. Open rebuke is better than secret love.
7. Put the following words in alphabetical order. 3 marks
misery ,mistake, miserable, mishap, mislead, missing
8. Read the following dictionary entry and answer the following questions: 2X1= 2
a. great/ greit/ adj. 1[usu. attrib.] very large; mush bigger than average in size: He lived
a great distance away. She lived to a great age. 2 of excellent quality or ability;
outstanding; a great man. 3 (infml) wonderful, very nice or satisfactory; Isn’t that idea
great?
a. What does adj. mean?In the above entry, what is the headword?
b. Which definition does the following sentence come from, 1, 2 or 3?
“The greater part of the district is flooded?”

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Read The Following Text and Answer Do The Activities That Follow

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Attempt all the questions:

The defence mechanism of human body is a gift of nature

Amongst the common factors, the most important is the health of

The skin of our body saves us against many micro-organisms

Fever is one of the most important constituents of the defensive

We are living in an environment which is full of bacteria. Many of

In a nutshell, we can say since nature has provided us with

i. Innate immunity is but a part of this unique power of our body

C) Do the following vocabulary related questions.

Answer any two : 5X2=10

 when and where it was

7. Put the following words in alphabetical order. 3 marks

misery ,mistake, miserable, mishap, mislead, missing

b. Which definition does the following sentence come from, 1, 2 or 3?

“The greater part of the district is flooded?”

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