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    Gas Discharge Tubes

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    Ydnar Dale Ganzon
    Gas discharge tubes contain two or more electrodes inserted into an evacuated glass tube filled with gas at less than atmospheric pressure. As voltage applied across the electrodes increases, there is a "strike voltage" or "breakdown voltage" where the gas ionizes. Different regions of operation exist depending on factors like gas composition and pressure, including Townsend discharge, constant voltage glow discharge, anomalous conduction glow discharge, arc-like conduction with hot cathodes, and arcs.

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    Gas Discharge Tubes

    Uploaded by

    Ydnar Dale Ganzon
    87 views16 pages
    Gas discharge tubes contain two or more electrodes inserted into an evacuated glass tube filled with gas at less than atmospheric pressure. As voltage applied across the electrodes increases, there is a "strike voltage" or "breakdown voltage" where the gas ionizes. Different regions of operation exist depending on factors like gas composition and pressure, including Townsend discharge, constant voltage glow discharge, anomalous conduction glow discharge, arc-like conduction with hot cathodes, and arcs.

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    Gas-Discharge-Tubes

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    Gas discharge tubes contain two or more electrodes inserted into an evacuated glass tube filled with gas at less than atmospheric pressure. As voltage applied across the electrodes increases, there is a "strike voltage" or "breakdown voltage" where the gas ionizes. Different regions of operation exist depending on factors like gas composition and pressure, including Townsend discharge, constant voltage glow discharge, anomalous conduction glow discharge, arc-like conduction with hot cathodes, and arcs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    87 views16 pages

    Gas Discharge Tubes

    Uploaded by

    Ydnar Dale Ganzon
    Gas discharge tubes contain two or more electrodes inserted into an evacuated glass tube filled with gas at less than atmospheric pressure. As voltage applied across the electrodes increases, there is a "strike voltage" or "breakdown voltage" where the gas ionizes. Different regions of operation exist depending on factors like gas composition and pressure, including Townsend discharge, constant voltage glow discharge, anomalous conduction glow discharge, arc-like conduction with hot cathodes, and arcs.

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    Gas Discharge Tubes

    GROUP 4

    ALAM AN O, N ATHAN IEL B.


    AN D AL, J IS ELLE AN N M .
    D EL CARM EN , CLAREN CE J AN C.
    GAN ZON , YM ER J OS HU A A.
    Gas Discharge Tubes

     A gas discharge tube is a bulb or tube (usually


    glass), with two (or more) electrodes inserted into it,
    that has been evacuated and filled with a gas or gas
    mixture usually at less than atmospheric pressure.

     All such tubes have the property that, as the voltage


    applied across the electrodes is increased, there
    comes a point called the “strike voltage” or
    “breakdown voltage”.
    Gas Discharge Tubes

     The voltage at which breakdown occurs depends on


    the composition and pressure of the gas mixture and
    the strength of the applied electric field according to
    a relationship known as “Paschen's law”.
    Gas Discharge Tubes
    Discharge tube: VI Characteristic
    Operating region for various types of discharge tube
    Townsend Discharge

     There is some conduction through the tube before it


    reaches its breakdown or 'strike' point. This is known
    as the 'Townsend discharge', or 'dark
    discharge', and is due to ionization caused by
    collisions between gas molecules.
    Townsend Discharge
    Constant Voltage (CV) Glow Discharge

     If there is a relatively-high series resistance, the tube


    will enter the glow discharge region upon
    striking. If the gas pressure is relatively high, this is
    characterized by a cathode-glow covering only part
    of the cathode, and a running voltage that remains
    nearly constant over a wide range of currents (at
    least an order-of-magnitude, often more). The glow
    tends to concentrate at the part of the cathode
    having the lowest electron-work-function.
    Constant Voltage (CV) Glow Discharge
    Anomalous Conduction Glow Discharge

     At the end of the constant voltage (CV) region, comes


    the point at which the cathode glow coverage is
    complete. This leads to a region in which further
    increase in current is accompanied by an increase in
    running voltage. This, of course, is normal behavior
    for ordinary conductors; but gas discharge tubes are
    regarded as negative-resistance devices, and so this
    is known as the 'anomalous conduction' or
    'abnormal conduction' region.
    Anomalous Conduction Glow Discharge
    Arc-like Conduction (hot cathode)

     This is characterized by very high current density


    and an inter-electrode voltage that falls as the
    current is increased.

     The surface electrode temperature is equal to the


    boiling temperature of the electrode-material
    or coating, and electrodes must be made of extremely
    refractory material if they are not to be rapidly
    consumed.
    Arc-like Conduction (hot cathode)
    Arc

     A direct transition to an arc-like conduction mode is


    also obtained in tubes with heated cathodes. The
    electrical characteristic is that of an arc commencing
    at an unusually-low current, but whether it should be
    referred to as an arc is moot.

     Strictly, an arc is self-sustaining, whereas this type of


    conduction will change into a glow-discharge if the
    heater-supply is turned off.
    Arc

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