Lesson 7: Emerging Nationalism

Sophia Marie S.
Dapar
LESSON 7: EMERGING NATIONALISM
Activity No. 1
When Rizal published El Filibusterismo in 1891, he dedicated the book to

the three martyred priests, Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto
Zamora. Although Rizal was only 10 years old when the three priests were
executed, the events of 1872 would play a decisive role in shaping Rizal’s
ideas and decisions.
During the Cavite Mutiny on January 20, 1872, there are approximately
250 Filipino workers and soldiers rose in revolt at an arsenal in Cavite. Eleven
Spaniards were killed during the mutiny, but an immediate assault led by
government forces put an end to the uprising after three days. Among those
who clamored for reforms were Filipino secular priests. To understand how
the Filipino secular priests became involved in the Cavite Mutiny of 1872, a
brief historical background on missionary efforts in the Philippines shall first
be discussed.
Secularization Movements where the introduction and strengthening of

the Catholic faith were largely through the efforts of two types of clergy. The
regular clergy whose jurisdiction fell on their elected prelates, were better
prepared for missionary work because of their standards of discipline and
asceticism. Their job, then, was introduce the faith, convert the natives, and
establish religious communities. The secular clergy on the other hand, were
priests who live in the world. They were under the authority of bishops and not
members of a religious order. Their primary task was the management of the
religious communities and ideally, the continuation of the work already laid
down by the regular clergy. In other words, while it was the task of the regular
clergy to introduce the faith and establish religious communities, the
management of the parishes themselves was left to the secular priests.
The Execution of Gomes, Burgos and Zamora resulted the revolt in Cavite,
several priests and laymen were arrested on the orders of the Governor-
General Izquierdo.
Activity No. 2
1. What is nationalism According to Jose Rizal?
According to Hans Kohn, Nationalism is an ideology based on the premise
that the individual’s loyalty and devotion to the nation-state surpass other
individual or group interests. Nationalism desires unity by their way of a
cultural background, including language and heritage. According to George
Orwell, Nationalism is more on that one’s country is superior to another, while
patriotism is simply a feeling of admiration for a way of life.
2. How does Rizal and his works relate to Philippine nationalism?

His novels awakened Philippine nationalism. Most of his writings, both in
his essays and editorials, centered on individual rights and freedom,
specifically for the Filipino people. As part of his reforms, he even called for
the inclusion of the Philippines to become a province of Spain. But, among his
best works, two novels stood out from the rest – Noli Me Tángere (Touch Me
Not) and El Filibusterismo (The Reign of the Greed). In both novels, Rizal
harshly criticized the Spanish colonial rule in the country and exposed the ills
of Philippine society at the time. And because he wrote about the injustices
and brutalities of the Spaniards in the country, the authorities banned Filipinos
from reading the controversial books. Yet they were not able to ban it
completely. As more Filipinos read the books, their eyes opened to the truth
that they were suffering unspeakable abuses at the hands of the friars. These
two novels by Rizal, now considered his literary masterpieces, are said to
have indirectly sparked the Philippine Revolution.
3. What made Rizal an icon of Philippine nationalism?

Jose Rizal is commonly known as the “Father of Filipino Nationalism” and
the First Filipino”, not because he helped establish an independent Philippine
state (in fact, he specifically and explicitly denounced the 1896 Revolution
against Spain), but because he was instrumental in the creation of the
conceptualization of “Filipino” as an ethnopolitical collective – as “a people”,
or, in the language of nationalism “the people”. Rizal is acclaimed the father
“Philippine Nationalism” for his intellectual and idealistic support for Philippine
Independence. Rizal did not support violent uprisings or revolutions in calling
for an independent state. He was not a war monger but rather an academic
seeking as much as possible a peaceful, logical, and political solution for the
independence of Filipinos from colonial rule over the political and social
aspects of life in the Philippines. He preached for and encouraged Filipinos to
recognize their potential as Filipino citizens and also their obligations and duty
to their motherland.
4. Explain the importance of nationalism that Rizal brought to our

country
From his childhood works, he took pride in his native language and
culture. Of vital importance to Rizal’s nationalism is education. Rizal believed
that the real liberation of his people lies in education. Rizal’s nationalism is of
the inclusive, caring kind. This he spelled out in the aims of La Liga Filipina:
mutual protection in every want or necessity, defense against all violence and
injustice, and encouragement of instruction, agriculture, and commerce. It is a
kind of nationalism that is compatible with a caring, globalizing and
interdependent world.
5. How Rizal did developed his concept of nationalism? Elaborate your

answer
Rizal;s factors in the development of Nationalism is that he emphasized
the importance of the Tagalog language and its impact upon the Philippines,
He was openly criticize for the friars, He defended Filipino civil rights, He
discovered the power of the pen, and He conceived a form of gradual
nationalism.

Lesson 7: Emerging Nationalism

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lesson 7: Emerging Nationalism

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lesson 7: Emerging Nationalism

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Sophia Marie S.

LESSON 7: EMERGING NATIONALISM

When Rizal published El Filibusterismo in 1891, he dedicated the book to

Secularization Movements where the introduction and strengthening of

2. How does Rizal and his works relate to Philippine nationalism?

3. What made Rizal an icon of Philippine nationalism?

4. Explain the importance of nationalism that Rizal brought to our

5. How Rizal did developed his concept of nationalism? Elaborate your

You might also like