Simple Present Tense

We use the simple present tense to talk about:

- permanent actions : This key moves the cursor up.

I work as a programmer in this company.

- routines and frequency : The boss usually arrives early.

We solve problems every day.

Affirmative Negative

I I
You You
We work We don’t work a lot.
You You
They They

Affirmative Negative

He He
She works a lot. She doesn’t work a lot.
It It

A . Fill in the blanks with simple present tense.

1. These books________________ (belong) to the Finance Manager.

2. He never________________ (find) the staples.
3. The secretary _________________ (use) the computer every day.
4. This company ________________ (sell) printers.
5. The manager _________________ (have) a notebook.
6. I sometimes_________________ (write) letters to my friends.
7. Linda often_________________ (buy) CDs.
8. She _________________ (call) every client four times a month.
9. He usually _______________ (store) his files.
10. We _______________ (work) for a big company.

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

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Adverbs of frequency

ALWAYS - USUALLY - OFTEN - SOMETIMES - RARELY - NEVER

A . Write sentences using the adverbs of frequency above according to your

activities.

1. go to work by bus - _____________________________________________

2. play the guitar - ________________________________________________
3. eat in a restaurant - _____________________________________________
4. go to bed late - ________________________________________________
5. smoke - ______________________________________________________
6. read the newspaper - ____________________________________________
7. fix computers - _________________________________________________
8. work overtime - ________________________________________________

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Imperative sentences

Affirmative : Negative:

- Type on this keyboard. - Don't type on this keyboard.

A . Change to negative.

1. Start the new equipment. ______________________________________

2. Dial the code number. ________________________________________
3. Press this button. ____________________________________________
4. Correct the program. _________________________________________
5. Buy a new printer. ___________________________________________

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Simple Future

I will drive to school tomorrow.

You will come here next week.
He will travel in December.

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A. Fill in the blanks with simple future.

1. This company _____________________ (launch) a new device next month.

2. The engineer _______________________ (send) the project next week.
3. I ______________________ (travel) tomorrow morning.
4. The finance manager ______________________ (need) a new secretary next year.
5. We ________________________ (have) a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
6. The teachers ___________________________ (correct) the tests tomorrow.
7. My secretary __________________________ (write) the report next Monday.
8. You ________________________ (come) here next semester.

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Numbers
Cardinal Numbers

1 one 20 twenty
2 two 30 thirty
3 three 40 forty
4 four 50 fifty
5 five 60 sixty
6 six 70 seventy
7 seven 80 eighty
8 eight 90 ninety
9 nine
10 ten 100 one hundred
1,000 one thousand
11 eleven
12 twelve
13 thirteen
14 fourteen
15 fifteen
16 sixteen
17 seventeen
18 eighteen
19 nineteen

A. Write these numbers in full.

- 346______________________________________________________________________
__
- 892
_______________________________________________________________________
- 307
_______________________________________________________________________

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 - 910
_______________________________________________________________________
- 612
_______________________________________________________________________
- 574
_______________________________________________________________________
B. Write the numbers and find them in the puzzle.

1. two thousand, three hundred and forty-five _________

2. five hundred and sixty-seven __________
3. eight hundred and fifteen __________
4. ten thousand, one hundred and twelve __________
5. three hundred and thirteen __________
6. nine hundred and eighteen thousand, five hundred and fifteen _________
7. seven hundred and eighty one __________
8. sixteen thousand, three hundred __________
9. fourteen thousand, two hundred and eighteen __________
10. six thousand, four hundred and eleven __________

3 9 9 8 2 9 6 4 1 1 1 4 1
5 6 7 4 0 1 2 3 2 5 6 0 4
9 2 1 1 8 8 7 1 3 8 3 2 2
7 8 1 0 1 5 9 0 4 9 0 8 1
3 7 2 0 5 1 0 6 5 7 0 7 8
1 0 1 1 2 5 1 4 3 7 0 5 0
1 1 2 0 5 7 9 3 1 3 1 9 3
................................................................................................................

Ordinal Numbers

1st first 30th thirtieth

2nd second 40th fortieth
3rd third 50th fiftieth
4th fourth 60th sixtieth
5th fifth 70th seventieth
6th sixth 80th eightieth
7th seventh 90th ninetieth
8th eighth
9th ninth
10th tenth

11th eleventh
12th twelfth
13th thirteenth
14th fourteenth
15th fifteenth
16th sixteenth
17th seventeenth
18th eighteenth

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19th nineteenth
20th twentieth
21st twenty-first
22nd twenty-second
23rd twenty-third
24th twenty-fourth

Personal Pronouns and Adjectives

Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns Possessive Adjectives Possessive Pronouns

I me my mine
you you your yours
he him his his
she her her hers
it it its its
we us our ours
you you your yours
they them their theirs

A . Rewrite the sentences. Use suitable pronouns instead of the underlined

words.

1. Peter is talking to Mary. _________________________________________

2. Susan calls Fred every morning. ___________________________________
3. The boys listen to the radio at night. ________________________________
4. A rabbit eats carrots.____________________________________________
5. You and I know the manager. _____________________________________
6. Anne likes you and me. __________________________________________

B. Choose the best possessive to complete each sentence.

1. (my – mine) keyboard is new.

2. I’ll send the email to (your – yours) secretary.
3. (their – theirs) friends are technicians.
4. The new scanner is (her – his).
5. This is Susan. Give her (our – ours) phone number, please.
6. Pam never uses her pen. She always uses (my – mine).
7. Mr. Brown is (her – hers) boss. (hers – his) fax number is 358 9283.
8. This calculator is not mine. It’s (your – yours).

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

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Adjectives

A. Write the meaning of the adjectives below.

Short Adjectives Long Adjectives

1. clean ………………… beautiful ……………………..

2. slow………………….. expensive ……………………
3. cheap…………………. intelligent…………………….
4. small…………………. difficult………………….……
5. young ……………….. . necessary …………………….
6. easy ………………….. handsome………………..……
7. short …………………. interesting………………….…
8. high ………………….. modern………………..………
9. old …………………… powerful ……………..……….
10.empty………………… careful …………………..……
11.strong …………………. efficient ………………………
12.tall …………………… studious ………………………
14.heavy ………………… reliable ……………………….
15.big…………………….. suitable……………………….

The comparison of adjectives

Short adjectives

comparative of equality: This computer is as fast as that one.

comparative of superiority: This computer is faster than that one.

Long adjectives

comparative of equality: This chair is as comfortable as the sofa.

comparative of superiority: This chair is more comfortable than the sofa.

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 Irregular adjectives

comparative of equality: This printer is as good as the old one. / This printer
is as bad as the old one.

comparative of superiority: This printer is better than the old one. / This printer is
worse than the old one.
A. Fill in the blanks with the comparative of superiority of the adjectives in parentheses.

1. English is _________________________ (easy) math.

2. That computer is ___________________________ (expensive) this one.
3. My secretary is ______________________________ (efficient) yours.
4. Your report is_______________________________(bad) mine.
5. This worker is_______________________________ (strong) you.
6. That scanner is _____________________________ (cheap) this printer.
7. My laser printer is ____________________________ (small) the laptop.
8. The new modem is ____________________________ (reliable) the old one.

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Superlative of adjectives

Short adjectives

This is the fastest computer in the store.

Long adjectives

This is the most comfortable chair in the office.

Irregular adjectives (good / bad)

This is the best printer in the office.

This is the worst printer in the office.

A. Fill in the blanks with the superlative form of the adjectives in parentheses.

1. This is ___________________( beautiful ) car in the shop.

2. That is ____________________(heavy) box.
3. Jim is _______________________(good) student.
4. You are ______________________(tall) boy in my class.
5. I am ______________________ (happy) person in the world.
6. That is ______________________ (expensive) house of the street.

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7. This is ______________________ (useful) equipment of the company.
8. This stuff is ________________________ (bad) one.

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Simple Past Tense

Regular verbs

A . Write the simple past tense of the verbs below.

Call ___________________________________________________________________
Deliver ________________________________________________________________
Increase _______________________________________________________________
Like __________________________________________________________________
Move _________________________________________________________________
Need __________________________________________________________________
Open __________________________________________________________________
Order _________________________________________________________________
Spell __________________________________________________________________
Start __________________________________________________________________
Stay __________________________________________________________________
Talk __________________________________________________________________
Visit __________________________________________________________________
Want _________________________________________________________________

Irregular verbs

Infinitive Past Tense

Begin Began
Become Became
Buy Bought
Catch Caught
Choose Chose
Come Came
Cost Cost
Drink Drank
Drive Drove
Eat Ate
Find Found
Give Gave
Go Went
Have Had
Keep Kept
Leave Left
Lose Lost
Make Made
Meet Met
Say Said
See Saw
Sell Sold
Send Sent
Spend Spent
Tell Told

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 Think Thought
Write Wrote

B. Search word puzzle. Find the simple past of the following verbs:
become buy catch choose cost drink drive eat give have

keep leave make meet say sell send spend tell think

B O U G H T I H G A V E E B J
S E N T O B X D I A S H N R H
P R C I R I L R R A P S P A E
A T H A D C A O M K E P T P V
N E O I M A H V A P N L U I D
I T S U S E I E N F T G O L Z
S A E L O I Z W H S I N O I T
T H O U G H T N N O X T S A S
E S C A U G H T E L E F T N O
O I H A F S I G T D M G L I C
D R A N K F H E E J P A Z R X
R S F E A L J N M A D E K E G

C. Fill in the blanks with the simple past tense of the verbs in parentheses.

1. My father _________________________ (become) a doctor in 1975.

2. They ___________________________ (sell) a big house on the corner.
3. We ________________________ (drive) to New York last week.
4. I _______________________ (eat) a pizza yesterday.
5. He ________________________ (say) “good evening”.
6. Sally _______________________ (write) a letter to Peter 2 days ago.
7. You ______________________ (buy) a beautiful dress last month.
8. I _____________________ (have) $20 last night.

D. Fill in the blanks with simple present or simple past.

1. We _____________________ (come) to college every day.

2. I ___________________ (buy) a mobile phone last week.
3. Bob often ____________________ (pay) his debts.
4. Paul ___________________ (give) me $10 last night.
5. The cat ____________________ (drink) milk yesterday morning.
6. Her grandmother _______________________ (tell) beautiful stories every night.
7. My parents _____________________ (go) to Europe last year.
8. My boss _______________ (leave) the office at 5:00 last Saturday.
9. His secretary __________________ (send) the email 3 days ago.
10. My uncle never _________________ (drive) to work.

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 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

TEXTS
1. Computers in everyday life

Write the meaning of the words below.

Our___________ almost__________ everything__________ when__________

each__________ clothes__________ food__________ label__________
advertisement___________ main__________ allow__________ schedule__________
customer_________ library_________ bookshop_________ find_________ want__________
quickly__________

quase ter permitir nosso biblioteca cada preço encontrar

roupas agendar comida rótulo anúncio fazer ajudar

tudo cliente principal livraria querer rapidamente quando

Computers are part of our everyday lives. They have an effect on almost
everything you do. When you buy groceries at a supermarket, a computer is
used with laser and barcode technology to scan the price of each item and
present a total. Barcoding items (clothes, food, and books) requires a computer
to generate the barcode labels and maintain the inventory. Most television
advertisements and many films use graphics produced by a computer. In
hospitals, bedside terminals connected to the hospital’s main computer allow
doctors to type in orders for blood tests and to schedule operations. Banks use
computers to look after their customers’ money. In libraries and bookshops,
computers can help you to find the book you want as quickly as possible.
(Basic English for Computing by Glendinning and McEwan)

//////////////////////////////////////

2. Production Engineer

Production or manufacturing engineers work with companies that make things - from food,
drink and chemical products to clothing, cars, aircraft and printing equipment. They design,
build and maintain all the systems in factories, including automated and computer-controlled
machines. They develop production lines and systems for all kinds of manufacturing processes.
These can include anything from filling cans or bottles to packaging medicines or assembling
trucks or computers. Their work may involve investigating operational problems affecting
production, improving existing operations, bringing in new methods and processes and training
and managing staff.

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Production engineers usually work 37 hours a week, but this could include weekend and
evening work, particularly when a new production process is being installed and tested, or if the
company works a shift system. They may work on the shop floor, at a desk with a computer or
in meetings. Protective clothing may be required when visiting the shop floor. Salaries range
from about £23,000 a year to £50,000 or more.

(http://www.connexions-direct.com/jobs4u/index.cfm?pid=48&catalogueContentID=163)

3. Researching Your Product Development

Before you begin developing your product, make sure you've done your homework. Research
the market to determine exactly what people want and develop your product accordingly. If
your product doesn’t have a market, it won’t be successful.

Your product should not only fill a void, but should also be unique. The less competition you
have, the better. If you enter a market in which you're competing against hundreds of other
products similar to yours, your chance of success will be minimal. Develop a high-quality
product that fills a void and provides people with exactly what they want.

Another consideration of great importance is your product's delivery method. The best form of
product delivery on the Internet is automated. Internet users want the product they order as soon
as their purchase is complete. This can be accomplished in a number of ways depending upon
the type of product. For example, if your product is software or information, it can reside on
your server and be instantly downloaded via a link. If your product is a private site, you can
provide instant access as soon as your customer's payment has been processed.

(http://www.web-source.net/products.htm)

A. Based on the text, mark the correct answers.

1. If you don’t do your homework at school, you won’t develop a product.

2. You have to go to the market to buy your product.
3. You have to know what people want before developing a product.
4. Internet is not a good delivery method.
5. Internet users want to receive their products immediately after the purchase.

///////////////////////////////////////////

4. Product optimization

Product optimization is the practice of making changes or adjustments to a product to make it

more desirable.

A product has a number of attributes. For example, a soda bottle can have different packaging
variations, flavors, nutritional values. It is possible to optimize a product by making minor
adjustments. Typically, the goal is to make the product more desirable and to increase
marketing metrics such as Purchase Intent, Believability, Frequency of Purchase, etc.

Multivariate optimization is one of the most common methods for product optimization. In this
method, multiple product attributes are specified and then tested with consumers.

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Due to complex interaction effects between different attributes (for example, consumers
frequently associate certain flavors with packaging colors), it is problematic to use mathematical
methods, such as Conjoint Analysis, typically used in industrial process optimization.

(adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_optimization)

5. Magnetic Bike

In order to avoid injury or accident, please read and follow these instructions:

1. Do not allow children to play with, or in the vicinity of this equipment.

2. Check regularly that all the screws, nuts, pedals and the saddle are tight enough.
3. Do not touch the chain and cog wheel when the chain guards are removed.
4. Do not wear loose clothing but suitable training clothes, e.g. a track suit.
5. Wear shoes; do not use the equipment while barefoot.
6. Do not stand on the apparatus.
7. Set the apparatus on firm and even ground.
8. Please check with your doctor before undertaking any fitness training.

ATTENTION:

- Only destroy the carton after finishing assembly.

- Please read this manual carefully before starting assembly.
- Please remove all parts from the carton and check for completeness.
(Booklet of Instructions Embreex bike)

///////////////////////////////////////

6. Limited warranty

Intel warrants to the purchaser of the product in its original sealed packaging (“Original
Purchaser”) and to the purchaser of a computer system built by an Original Purchaser
containing the Product as follows: if the Product is properly used and installed, it will be free
from defects in material and workmanship, and will substantially conform to Intel’s publicly
available specifications for a period of three (3) years beginning on the date the product was
purchased in its original sealed packaging in the case of an Original Purchaser. If the product,
which is the subject of this Limited Warranty, fails to conform to the above warranty during the
warranty period, Intel, as its option, will:

Repair the Product by means of hardware and/or software; or

Replace the Product with another product; or, if Intel is unable to repair or replace the Product,

Refund the then current value of the Product at the time a claim for warranty service is made to
Intel under this Limited Warranty.

(adapted from: Instruction Manual Intel Core 2 Duo Processor. 2010)

A. Write yes, no or I don’t know according to the text.

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 1. The product was manufactured by Intel. __________
2. This is a three-year warranty. __________
3. This is an extended warranty. __________
4. Intel will repair or replace the product according to the purchaser’s option. __________
5. This product is a computer. __________

7. Description of a project

We prepared designs and discussed them with the clients before we started. We looked
at the drawings together and they liked them. We provided detailed specifications and
showed them the plans at every stage. They discovered a few small mistakes but we
corrected them. We changed anything they didn't like. We even included extra features
when they asked for them. Then as soon as we finished they complained. They said
they wanted something different.
(Business Objectives, by Vicki Hollett)

////////////////////////////////////////////

8.Ray Kurzweil's slippery futurism

By John Rennie

Don't panic if you look for your computer today and can't find it. We have it on the authority of
technology maven Ray Kurzweil that this year computers will have vanished because of
miniaturization. As he said at the TED conference in February 2005: "By 2010 computers will
disappear. They'll be so small, they'll be embedded in our clothing, in our environment. Images
will be written directly to our retina, providing full-immersion virtual reality, augmented real
reality. We'll be interacting with virtual personalities." If you have a different impression of the
world today, Kurzweil would want you to know that he is technically correct. If the rest of the
world fails to think that's enough, the rest of the world is wrong.

(ieee spectrum – the magazine of technology insiders. December 2010. P. 24)

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INGLÊS TÉCNICO
Production Engineering

14
2011.1

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