3733 GEOTEXTILES

3733.1 SCOPE
Provide geotextiles (permeable fabrics) for the typical uses classified as follows:

(1) Type 1 for wrapping subsurface drain pipe, joints of concrete pipe culvert, or other drainage applications;
(2) Type 2. The Department no longer uses this classification. If the contract specifies Type II, use Type III
property requirements;
(3) Type 3 for use under Class 1 and Class 2 random riprap, gabions, and revetment mattresses;
(4) Type 4 for use under Class 3 and Class 4 random riprap and hand-placed riprap on slopes no steeper than 1:3,
vertical to horizontal;
(5) Type 5 for separating materials for stabilization;
(6) Type 6 for earth reinforcement;
(7) Type 7 for use under Class 3 and Class 4 random riprap on slopes steeper than 1:3, vertical to horizontal, and
under Class 5 random riprap.
(8) Type 8 for use as a bond breaker interlayer for concrete overlays over existing concrete pavement.

3733.2 REQUIREMENTS
A General
Provide geotextiles consisting of woven, nonwoven, or knit fabric of polymeric filaments or yarns, such as polypropylene,
polyethylene, polyester, or polyamide, that form a stable network. Knit fabric shall only be used as perforated pipe wrap. Provide
geotextile resistant to biological and chemical environments normally found in soils, and that is free of chemical treatment or
coating that may significantly reduce porosity or permeability.

Provide geotextile that is uniform in texture, thickness, and appearance, and is free of defects, flaws, or tears that may
alter the strength or filtering properties. Repair geotextile as approved by the Engineer.

Deliver rolls of geotextile or geotextile-wrapped perforated pipe with an opaque plastic covering to protect the material
from ultraviolet rays or contamination with mud, dirt, dust, or debris. Provide rolled geotextile labeled on the outside wrap and
inside the core in accordance with ASTM D 4873 and as follows:

(1) Manufacturer,
(2) Product name, and
(3) Roll number.

Ensure unprotected geotextile is not exposed to sun for more than seven days. Replace contaminated geotextile or
geotextile exposed to the sun for more than seven days, if directed by the Engineer.

Provide geotextile meeting the requirements of Table 3733-1 or Table 3733-2 for the type required by the contract.

If using Type 5 or Type 6 geotextile, produce seams meeting the requirements of Table 3733-1, row B3, “Seam Breaking
Strength Minimum.”

B Physical Properties

Table 3733-1
Geotextile Properties
Test Method
(ASTM) Type (a)
1
Geotextile Property Units Fabric Knit sock (b) 3 4 5 6 7 (c) 8(h)
B1 Grab Tensile Strength
D4632
minimum, each principal 100 — 100 200 200 (d) 300 —
lb
direction
B2 Elongation minimum, D4632
— — 50 50 — (d) 50
each principal direction percent —
B3 Seam Breaking Strength D4632
90 — 90 180 180 (d) 270
minimum (e) lb —
D4751
B4 Apparent Opening Size
U.S. Std. sieve 40 40 as applied 50 50 30 20 50 —
(AOS) maximum (f)
size [mm]
B5 Permittivity minimum D4491
0.7 2.75 relaxed 0.5 0.5 0.05 0.05 0.5 —
(g) falling head sec−1
 Table 3733-1
Geotextile Properties
B6 Puncture strength D6241
— 180 — — — — —
minimum lb —
B7 Wide Width Strip
D4595
Tensile Strength minimum — — — — — (d) — —
lb/ft
each principal direction
(a) Minimum Average Roll Values (MARV) based on average of at least three tests per swatch.
(b) Provide socks made of knit polymeric materials and meeting the requirements of ASTM D6707-06, for Type H: fabric. Ensure the sock
exhibits minimum snag or run potential, is factory-applied to maintain uniform installed mass, and conforms to the outside diameter of
the tubing with a snug fit.
(c) Needle-punched nonwoven. Do not use thermally bonded (heat-set) fabric.
(d) Requirements are site-specific and will be as specified in the contract. The property values for B1 and B3 may not be less than shown
for Type 5. If the contract does not specify either B1 or B7, use a default value of 300 lb for B1. If the contract does not specify
seam strength, use a default value of 270 lb for B3.
(e) Adhere to this requirement if the contract requires or allows seams. Strength specifications apply to factory and field seams. Use
thread for sewing that has strength of at least 25 lb. Sew seams with a Federal Type 401 stitch using a two-spool sewing machine,
and install seams facing upward. For seaming with adhesives, see the Approved/Qualified Products List available at the Department’s
website.
(f) For U.S. sieve sizes, the AOS Number must be equal to or greater than the number specified.
(g) Permittivity: P = K/L, where K = fabric permeability and L = fabric thickness.
(h) See Table 3733.2 for requirements.

Table 3733-2
Non-woven Geotextile Interlayer Material for Concrete Overlay
Property Requirements1 Test Procedure
Geotextile type Nonwoven, needle-punched geotextile, no thermal Manufacturer Certificate of
treatment (calendaring or IR) Compliance
Color Uniform/nominally same-color fibers Visual Inspection
Mass per unit area ≥ 14.7 oz/yd2 ASTM D 5261

Thickness under load (pressure) [a] At 0.29 psi [2 kPa]: ≥ 0.12 in ASTM D 5199
[b] At 2.9 psi [20 kPa]: ≥ 0.10 in
[c] At 29 psi [200 kPa]: ≥ 0.04 in
Wide-width tensile strength ≥ 685 lb/ft ASTM D 4595
Wide-width maximum elongation ≤ 130% ASTM D 4595
Water permeability in normal direction At 2.9 psi: ≥ 3.3x10-4 ft/s Mod. ASTM D 5493 or
under load (pressure) ASTM D 4491
In-plane water permeability [a] At 2.9 psi: ≥ 1.6x10-3 ft/s Mod. ASTM D 6574 or
(transmissivity) under load (pressure) [b] At 29 psi: ≥ 6.6x10-4 ft/s ASTM D 4716
Weather resistance Retained strength ≥ 60% ASTM D 4355 @ 500 hrs.
exposure
Alkali resistance ≥ 96% polypropylene/polyethylene Manufacturer certification
of polymer

3733.3 SAMPLING AND TESTING

A Certificate of Compliance
Ensure the supplier submits to the Engineer a Certificate of Compliance and a document stating the manufacturer’s MARV
with each shipment of geotextile. MARV are two standard deviations below the mean value of all rolls tested. Provide a copy of the
Certificate of Compliance and MARV with each geotextile sample sent to the Materials Laboratory for testing.

B Sampling and Testing

The Department’s inspection and test results will determine acceptance of the geotextile, in accordance with 1603.4,
“Acceptance.” In the presence of the Engineer, randomly select samples in the field at the rates and sample sizes shown in the
Schedule of Materials Control. Cut samples across the full width of the roll. Do not sample the first full turn (outside layer) of the
roll. Provide seam samples in addition to the regular sample. Use the same machine, or an equal machine to the one on the
project, to produce seam samples.