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    Tiếng Anh Chuyên Ngành Đtvt: Bài Tập

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    This document provides a summary of analogue and digital telephone networks. It explains that digital technology has been used in telephone exchanges for a long time through the use of relays that are either on or off. What is new is transmitting speech digitally by converting sounds into digits. Digital transmission is superior to analogue transmission because digits can still be interpreted even if distorted by noise, whereas noise is amplified at each stage in analogue lines. Digital signals are regenerated at intervals to recreate the signals without being affected by noise.

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    Tiếng Anh Chuyên Ngành Đtvt: Bài Tập

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    duc_truong_6
    79 views5 pages
    This document provides a summary of analogue and digital telephone networks. It explains that digital technology has been used in telephone exchanges for a long time through the use of relays that are either on or off. What is new is transmitting speech digitally by converting sounds into digits. Digital transmission is superior to analogue transmission because digits can still be interpreted even if distorted by noise, whereas noise is amplified at each stage in analogue lines. Digital signals are regenerated at intervals to recreate the signals without being affected by noise.

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    This document provides a summary of analogue and digital telephone networks. It explains that digital technology has been used in telephone exchanges for a long time through the use of relays that are either on or off. What is new is transmitting speech digitally by converting sounds into digits. Digital transmission is superior to analogue transmission because digits can still be interpreted even if distorted by noise, whereas noise is amplified at each stage in analogue lines. Digital signals are regenerated at intervals to recreate the signals without being affected by noise.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    79 views5 pages

    Tiếng Anh Chuyên Ngành Đtvt: Bài Tập

    Uploaded by

    duc_truong_6
    This document provides a summary of analogue and digital telephone networks. It explains that digital technology has been used in telephone exchanges for a long time through the use of relays that are either on or off. What is new is transmitting speech digitally by converting sounds into digits. Digital transmission is superior to analogue transmission because digits can still be interpreted even if distorted by noise, whereas noise is amplified at each stage in analogue lines. Digital signals are regenerated at intervals to recreate the signals without being affected by noise.

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    You are on page 1of 5

    HỌC VIỆN CÔNG NGHỆ BƯU CHÍNH VIỄN THÔNG

    BÀI TẬP

    TIẾNG ANH
    CHUYÊN NGÀNH ĐTVT
    (Dùng cho sinh viên hệ đào tạo đại học từ xa)

    Lưu hành nội bộ

    HÀ NỘI - 2006
    HỌC VIỆN CÔNG NGHỆ BƯU CHÍNH VIỄN THÔNG

    BÀI TẬP

    TIẾNG ANH
    CHUYÊN NGÀNH ĐTVT

    Biên soạn : THS. NGUYỄN QUỲNH GIAO


    THS. NGUYỄN HỒNG NGA
    UNIT 1

    Exercise 1. Read the following passage then answer the questions.

    ANALOGUE AND DIGITAL NETWORKS


    Digital technology in the telephone network is nothing new. Take all the relays in older
    exchanges as an example. Relays are either "off" or "on", and there is no state in between these.
    Suitable combinations of relays could build up and "remember" numbers - perhaps a far-fetched
    example, but in was digital, so it will serve!
    What is new is the transfer of speech digitally. In other words, the sound we make when
    we speak is converted to digits and sent out on to the network. In order for the person called to
    understand what we are saying, these numbers must be converted back to audible sound again.
    The audibility of speech transmitted in analogue form over long distances can be very bad.
    Due to, for instance, noise it may be difficult to understand or recognize what the other person is
    saying. But with a number, things are different. It would need very bad handwriting indeed to
    distort a "one" beyond recognition! So even if the one is distorted when it arrives, it can still be
    interpreted and recreated to give undistorted sound in the receiver.
    In analogue lines, the sound is amplified at regular intervals. The corresponding stage in
    digital lines is regeneration, i.e. the distorted number is interpreted and recreated. Herein lies an
    important difference between the characteristics of the two methods of transmission. In the
    analogue system the noise is also amplified. Every amplifying stage along the line leads to an
    accumulation of noise. In the digital system, the information is created anew at every regeneration
    stage, and can be sent on unaffected by the noise.

    A. Write True (T) or False (F) for each sentence. If false, say what is true.
    .....1. The telephone network has used digital technology for a long time.
    .....2. It has been possible to transfer speech digitally for a long time.
    .....3. Speech cannot be converted into digits.
    .....4. Speech transmitted in analogue form is never very clear.
    .....5. Sometimes noise on the line makes it impossible to hear what a person is saying on
    the telephone.
    .....6. Digital transmission is never affected by noise.
    .....7. Even if affected by noise, digits can still be interpreted easily.
    .....8. Only the sound of speech, not noise, is amplified in analogue lines.
    .....9. Digital signals are also amplified at regular intervals.
    .....10. Digital transmission is superior to analogue.

    B. Now complete these sentences with a word starting with RE.


    Note: RE means again or back.

    3
    Example: recreate means to create again; regenerate means to generate again.
    1. It is not difficult to ........................... digital signals.
    2. We can ........................... the signals at regular intervals in digital lines.
    3. The telephone receiver can ............................ an electrical signal to audible sound.
    4. Every year I ........................ the furniture in my room.
    5. I failed the test, so now my teachers will .......................... me.
    C. Find the opposites of these words.
    distorted ........................ important .......................
    affected ......................... suitable ..........................
    audible ......................... possible ........................
    Now complete the sentences with a word starting with un, in or im.
    1. The sound is ......................... by noise in digital lines.
    2. Optical fibre systems are ........................ where there is not much traffic.
    3. Transmission by optical fibre cables is ..................... by bad weather.
    4. Sometimes it is ..................... to understand what a person is saying.
    5. It's an ..................... day today. I lost my money.
    6. You must speak louder - your voice is .........................
    7. Don't worry about your clothes - it's.......................... what you look like.
    8. I wish I could find an ........................ present for my husband.

    D. Look through the reading passage again and find the nouns which go with these verbs.
    Example: to arrive (verb) -> the arrival (noun),
    inform.............................. interpret..................................
    distort.............................. recreate...................................
    transmit........................ .. amplify...................................
    recognise....................... accumulate............................
    regenerate..................... combine.................................
    communicate ...............

    Exercise 2. Complete the sentences, using suggested words.

    1. ............................in the telecommunications networks of today is, transmit


    more and more, digital in nature, and the transmission medium of
    choice is fiber.
    2. “Digital”, however, does no more than imply a string of 1s and Os
    race
    ................................ through the network.
    3. But how are these 1s and Os to be............................?
    arrange
    4. At what speed ........................... they to travel?
    be
    5. What route should they..............................?
    take
    6. Answers to questions such as these have taken many forms and

    4
    have made for the most ............................ aspect of the
    telecommunications business. complicate
    7. There has never been a ........................... of coding schemes in the
    industry. scare
    8. Starting with Morse code, going to the Baudot code, then the
    ASCII code, we have seen each providing for
    .............................transmission and higher quality. good

    Exercise 3. A. Fill in the blanks with suitable noun form of the given words.
    EXAMPLES OF EXTERNAL NATURAL / MANMADE FORCES
    • Natural Environ-mental Forces
    * Temperature:
    Due to freezing: - Increased ground ..........................(1. resist)
    - Loose poles
    - Compressive collapse of cable inside duct
    Due to changing temperature:
    - Cracks, ..............................(2. expand)/ contraction
    * Wind (mist, etc.): - Collapse, vibration cracks, ....................(3. disconnect), corrosion
    * Rain, water (ground seapage, etc.): - Flooding, corrosion
    * Snow: - Disconnection and ................................(4. destroy) by accumulated snow
    - Insufficient ....................................(5. high) for cable due to fallen snow
    - Corrosion, insulation ..............................(6. fail)
    * Humidity: - Cable sheath damage, corrosion of cable conductor
    * Sand storms: - Destruction
    * Earthquake: - Disconnection, collapse due to land subsidence
    * Geology/ geography:
    + Sun light: - ...................................(7. discolor), ..............................(8. deteriorate)
    + Mice, birds, bugs...: - ..................................(9. damage)
    • Manmade Environmental Forces:
    * Electric power line: - Induction
    * DC railway: - Electrical corrosion
    * AC railway: - .................................(10. induct)
    * Distribution line: - Induction
    * Smoke from plants, etc. : - Corrosion
    * Cars (vibration, smoke): - Cracks, breaks, corrosion
    * General work: - Cuts, destruction

    Exercise 4. Read the following text carefully.

    CLASSIFICATION OF OUTSIDE PLANTS


    1. Classification by application.
    Line networks are roughly classified by application into subscriber lines that connect
    telephone offices to subscribers and lines that connect telephone offices.

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