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    You Will Pass HCNA After Reading This

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    This document defines key terms and concepts related to local area networks (LANs). It explains that a LAN is a group of connected computers or devices that share data and communication resources. The document describes common LAN devices like hubs, switches, routers and network interface cards. It also defines protocols, IP addressing, network topologies and the functions of Ethernet.

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    You Will Pass HCNA After Reading This

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    This document defines key terms and concepts related to local area networks (LANs). It explains that a LAN is a group of connected computers or devices that share data and communication resources. The document describes common LAN devices like hubs, switches, routers and network interface cards. It also defines protocols, IP addressing, network topologies and the functions of Ethernet.

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    This document defines key terms and concepts related to local area networks (LANs). It explains that a LAN is a group of connected computers or devices that share data and communication resources. The document describes common LAN devices like hubs, switches, routers and network interface cards. It also defines protocols, IP addressing, network topologies and the functions of Ethernet.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    35 views3 pages

    You Will Pass HCNA After Reading This

    Uploaded by

    Bubacarr Bah
    This document defines key terms and concepts related to local area networks (LANs). It explains that a LAN is a group of connected computers or devices that share data and communication resources. The document describes common LAN devices like hubs, switches, routers and network interface cards. It also defines protocols, IP addressing, network topologies and the functions of Ethernet.

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     Having completed this module you will be able to:

      Define what Local Area Network (LAN) means.


     Describe the key devices found on a LAN.
     Explain how Hubs, Switches and Routers function.
     Describe how Ethernet functions.
     Describe the structure and function of IP Addresses.

    The key points from this module are:

     Data        - Units of information that flow across a network


    Node       - End devices on a network
    Client      - Requests services across a network
    Server     - Supplies services across a network

    On a network a Peer can both Request services across a network and supply services across
    a network.

    Network adapter - used to gain access to the network and access to other devices on the network.

    Types of media
    • Cable
    • Wireless

    Protocols - name is given to the rules which govern how devices communicate with each other
    over networks.
    Local Area Network - name is given to a group of computers that are confined to a small
    geographic area such as a single building.
        
    A Local Area Network is a group of computers or devices that share a common communication
    medium such as        cabled and/or wireless connections.

    Reasons for using networks


    • Can share information
    • Can communicate with another person
    • Can organize data

    Hub -The most basic central connecting device.


    Switch -When a host sends data to a switch, the switch can identify the intended recipient of the
    data.
    Router -A device that enables computers to communicate and allow communication between
    two networks such as your home network and the Internet.

    Network Interface Card -A network adapter is the hardware device that enables yo to send and
    receive data from your computer.
    RJ45 patch cable -the most common type of network adapter connection.
    Wireless access point -the central connecting device for a wireless network.

    Serial data transfer -name is given to the transfer of data one bit at a time.
    Broadcast data transfer -Sends data to every other host on the network.
    Unicast data transfer -Sends data to a specific host.
    Data transfer rate -The maximum bits per second that can be transmitted over a network.

    IP address stands for Internet Protocol address.

    Functions of an IP address:
    • An IP address uniquely identifies your device.
    • An IP address uniquely identifies the associated network your device is on.
    • An IP address allows each device to send and receive information.

    Every IP address is broken down into two parts by a subnet address:


    • Network ID
    • Host ID

    Example of an IP address: 192.168.1.1

    A network topology defines the physical connections of hosts in a computer network.

            Types of network topology:


              •Star
              •Bus
              •Ring

    Star - Most common type of network topology.

    Token Ring network - network that sends data logically in a ring fashion, where a token goes to
    each computer, one at a time, and continues on in cycles
    In a Token Ring network Multistation Access Unit is the name given to the central connecting
    device.

    Ethernet is the de facto standard and most widely installed LAN technology.
    Computers communicate on Ethernet using frames.
    In Ethernet a frame is a data packet residing on Layer 2 of the OSI model.

    Types of computing:
    • Centralized computing
    • Client/Server computing
    • Peer-to-Peer networking
    • Distributed computing

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