Model 422E36

In-Line Charge Converter

Installation and Operating Manual

For assistance with the operation of this product,

contact PCB Piezotronics, Inc.

Toll-free: 800-828-8840
24-hour SensorLine: 716-684-0001
Fax: 716-684-0987
E-mail: info@pcb.com
Web: www.pcb.com
 Warranty, Service, Repair, and
Return Policies and Instructions

The information contained in this document supersedes all similar information that
may be found elsewhere in this manual.

Total Customer Satisfaction – PCB recommended as this helps build

Piezotronics guarantees Total Customer confidence in measurement accuracy and
Satisfaction. If, at any time, for any acquired data. Equipment calibration
reason, you are not completely satisfied cycles are typically established by the
with any PCB product, PCB will repair, users own quality regimen. When in
replace, or exchange it at no charge. You doubt about a calibration cycle, a good
may also choose to have your purchase “rule of thumb” is to recalibrate on an
price refunded in lieu of the repair, annual basis. It is also good practice to
replacement, or exchange of the product. recalibrate after exposure to any severe
temperature extreme, shock, load, or
Service – Due to the sophisticated nature other environmental influence, or prior
of the sensors and associated to any critical test.
instrumentation provided by PCB
Piezotronics, user servicing or repair is PCB Piezotronics maintains an ISO-
not recommended and, if attempted, may 9001 certified metrology laboratory and
void the factory warranty. Routine offers calibration services, which are
maintenance, such as the cleaning of accredited by A2LA to ISO/IEC 17025,
electrical connectors, housings, and with full traceablility to N.I.S.T. In
mounting surfaces with solutions and addition to the normally supplied
techniques that will not harm the calibration, special testing is also
physical material of construction, is available, such as: sensitivity at elevated
acceptable. Caution should be observed or cryogenic temperatures, phase
to insure that liquids are not permitted to response, extended high or low
migrate into devices that are not frequency response, extended range, leak
hermetically sealed. Such devices should testing, hydrostatic pressure testing, and
only be wiped with a dampened cloth others. For information on standard
and never submerged or have liquids recalibration services or special testing,
poured upon them. contact your local PCB Piezotronics
distributor, sales representative, or
Repair – In the event that equipment factory customer service representative.
becomes damaged or ceases to operate,
arrangements should be made to return Returning Equipment – Following
the equipment to PCB Piezotronics for these procedures will insure that your
repair. User servicing or repair is not returned materials are handled in the
recommended and, if attempted, may most expedient manner. Before returning
void the factory warranty. any equipment to PCB Piezotronics,
contact your local distributor, sales
Calibration – Routine calibration of representative, or factory customer
sensors and associated instrumentation is service representative to obtain a Return
Materials Authorization (RMA) PCB for a complete statement of our
Number. This RMA number should be warranty. Expendable items, such as
clearly marked on the outside of all batteries and mounting hardware, are not
package(s) and on the packing list(s) covered by warranty. Mechanical
accompanying the shipment. A detailed damage to equipment due to improper
account of the nature of the problem(s) use is not covered by warranty.
being experienced with the equipment Electronic circuitry failure caused by the
should also be included inside the introduction of unregulated or improper
package(s) containing any returned excitation power or electrostatic
materials. discharge is not covered by warranty.

A Purchase Order, included with the Contact Information – International

returned materials, will expedite the customers should direct all inquiries to
turn-around of serviced equipment. It is their local distributor or sales office. A
recommended to include authorization complete list of distributors and offices
on the Purchase Order for PCB to can be found at www.pcb.com.
proceed with any repairs, as long as they Customers within the United States may
do not exceed 50% of the replacement contact their local sales representative or
cost of the returned item(s). PCB will a factory customer service
provide a price quotation or replacement representative. A complete list of sales
recommendation for any item whose representatives can be found at
repair costs would exceed 50% of www.pcb.com. Toll-free telephone
replacement cost, or any item that is not numbers for a factory customer service
economically feasible to repair. For representative, in the division
routine calibration services, the Purchase responsible for this product, can be
Order should include authorization to found on the title page at the front of this
proceed and return at current pricing, manual. Our ship to address and general
which can be obtained from a factory contact numbers are:
customer service representative.
PCB Piezotronics, Inc.
Warranty – All equipment and repair 3425 Walden Ave.
services provided by PCB Piezotronics, Depew, NY 14043 USA
Inc. are covered by a limited warranty Toll-free: (800) 828-8840
against defective material and 24-hour SensorLineSM: (716) 684-0001
workmanship for a period of one year Website: www.pcb.com
from date of original purchase. Contact E-mail: info@pcb.com

DOCUMENT NUMBER: 21354

DOCUMENT REVISION: B
ECN: 17900
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The Model 422E In-Line Charge Converter

Operating Guide with Enclosed Warranty Information

3425 Walden Avenue, Depew, New York 14043-2495

Phone 716 684-0001

Fax 716 684-0987

E-Mail electronics@pcb.com

Toll Free Line 1-800-828-8840

24 Hour Sensor Line 716 684-0001

MANUAL NUMBER: 18882

MANUAL REVISION: A
ECN: 24741
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table of contents

Introduction....................................................................................................................... page 3

Description ....................................................................................................................... page 3

Installation ........................................................................................................................ page 3

Operation.......................................................................................................................... page 3

Calculation of Output Scaling ........................................................................................... page 4

TEDS Functionality........................................................................................................... page 4

Special Considerations..................................................................................................... page 5

422E Series Models for Use with High Temperature Sensors.......................................... page 5

422E Series Models for Use in Radioactive Environments............................................... page 6

ESD Warning Information................................................................................................. page 6

warranty/servicing

Warranty, Service & Return Procedure ............................................................................ page 7

Customer Service............................................................................................................. page 8

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introduction

The 422E series in-line charge converters are designed to convert the high impedance of a charge
mode piezoelectric transducer to a low-impedance voltage by means of an ICP ® signal conditioner.
These units may be used with either quartz or ceramic charge-mode piezoelectric sensors.

description

The 422E series in-line charge amplifiers operate from an ICP ® signal conditioner. The unit employs a
high gain amplifier to perform the impedance transformation. The charge output of the transducers
may be scaled in terms of acceleration, pressure or force. The output is then mV/g, mV/psi or mV/lb,
respectively.

installation

Connect the 422E series to the transducer with low-noise cable (003A) only. Standard coaxial or two-
wire cable may be used between the amplifier and the signal conditioner, and between the signal
conditioner and the readout device.

Note: For optimum noise performance, the cable length between the sensor and the 422E should be
minimized.

operation

To operate, simply connect the input of the 422E to the transducer using low-noise (003A) cable and
the output to any ICP ® signal conditioner using standard cable. The output of the signal conditioner
may then be connected to an oscilloscope or other monitoring device. This output will be an AC signal
(see specification for actual frequency response) with a DC bias. Many PCB signal conditioners
remove the bias via an AC coupling circuit.

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calculation of output scaling

The 422E contains a high-gain, low-noise amplifier connected in a charge amplifier configuration. The
charge output of the transducer is transferred to the feedback capacitor of the amplifier to develop a
voltage which may be calculated using the following equation.

Vout = 422E Scaling (mV/pC) x Transducer Sensitivity (pC/Engineering Unit)

where:
Vout = Output of 422E in mV/Engineering Unit
the Engineering Unit may be g’s, Newtons, psi, etc., depending on the sensor

Example: A 357A12 (3 pC/g) is used with a 422E02 (10 mV/pC). Calculate the output in mV/g.

Answer: 10 mV/pC x 3 pC/g = 30 mV/g

TEDS functionality

422E units with a “T” prefix incorporate TEDS (Transducer Electronic Data Sheet) technology. Using a
TEDS capable signal conditioner, or TEDS reader, the user is able to read calibration data stored in the
sensor. Some systems allow the user to also write user data and calibration information to the 422E.
All data is formatted in accordance with IEEE 1451.4.

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special considerations

High source capacitance may degrade the performance of the 422E (source capacitance is the input
capacitance defined as transducer capacitance + cable capacitance). In particular, noise may increase
and high frequency response may decrease if source capacitance exceeds the recommended level. In
some cases, low frequency oscillation of the output may occur. The maximum recommended level in
pF’s is determined using the following formula:

maximum recommended source capacitance = 10,000/422E sensitivity in mV/pC

For example, the level for a 422E02/E12 would be 10,000/10 pF = 1,000 pF, and the level for a
422E03/E13 would be 10,000 pF. If PCB 003 type low noise cable is used, these values correspond to
10 meters and 100 meters of length respectively.

422E series models for use with high temperature sensors

The 422E35 (1 mV/pC) and 422E36 (10 mV/pC) have been specifically designed to operate with the
lower insulation resistance values which piezoelectric sensors may exhibit when subjected to very high
temperatures (generally greater than 500° F). Both units will operate with insulation resistances as low
as 10kΩ.

Note: Because of the special circuitry required, the 422E35 and 422E36 have somewhat higher noise
and longer turn on time than the equivalent units designed for use with sensors with high insulation
resistance (the 422E03 and 422E02 respectively). Consult the specifications for details.

Caution! Excessive accumulated charges on the input cables can destroy the field effect transistor
(FET) in the amplifier. These charges can be grounded by shorting the center pin on the cable
connector plug to its knurled nut with any metallic object.

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422E series models for use in radioactive environments

The 422E65 (1mV/pC) and 422E66 (10mV/pC) were designed to offer resistance to the effects of
radiation exposure up to 1 Mrad Integrated Gamma Flux or 1010 N/cm2 of Integrated Neutron Flux.
They are also designed to operate with lower insulation values which piezoelectric sensors may exhibit
when subjected to the high temperatures that generally accompany high levels of radioactivity.

warning 1 – ESD sensitivity

The power supply/signal conditioner should not be opened by anyone other than qualified
service personnel. This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock
hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid injury.

warning 2 – ESD sensitivity

This equipment is designed with user safety in mind; however, the protection provided by the
equipment may be impaired if the equipment is used in a manner not specified by PCB Piezotronics,
Inc.

caution 1 – ESD sensitivity

Cables can kill your equipment. High voltage electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage electrical
devices. Similar to a capacitor, a cable can hold a charge caused by triboelectric transfer, such as that
which occurs in the following:

• Laying on and moving across a rug,

• Any movement through air,
• The action of rolling out a cable, and/or
• Contact with a non-grounded person.

The PCB solution for product safety:

• Connect the cables only with the AC power off.
• Temporarily “short” the end of the cable before attaching it to any signal input or output.

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caution 2 – ESD sensitivity

ESD considerations should be made prior to performing any internal adjustments on the
equipment. Any piece of electronic equipment is vulnerable to ESD when opened for adjustments.
Internal adjustments should therefore be done ONLY at an ESD-safe work area. Many products have
ESD protection, but the level of protection may be exceeded by extremely high voltage.

warranty

PCB instrumentation is warranted against defective material and workmanship for 1 year unless
otherwise expressly specified. Damage to instruments caused by incorrect power or misapplication, is
not covered by warranty. If there are any questions regarding power, intended application, or general
usage, please consult with your local sales contact or distributor. Batteries and other expendable
hardware items are not covered by warranty.

service

Because of the sophisticated nature of PCB instrumentation, field repair is typically NOT recommended
and may void any warranty. If factory service is required, return the instrumentation according to the
“Return Procedure” stated below. A repair and/or replacement quotation will be provided prior to
servicing at no charge. Before returning the unit, please consult a factory PCB applications engineer
concerning the situation as certain problems can often be corrected with simple on-site procedures.

return procedure

To expedite returned instrumentation, contact a factory PCB applications engineer for a RETURN
MATERIAL AUTHORIZATION (RMA) NUMBER. Please have information available such as model and
serial number. Also, to insure efficient service, provide a written description of the symptoms and
problems with the equipment to a local sales representative or distributor, or contact PCB if none are
located in your area.

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Customers outside the U.S. should consult their local PCB distributor for information on returning
equipment. For exceptions, please contact the International Sales department at PCB to request
shipping instructions and an RMA. For assistance, please call (716) 684-0003, or fax us at (716) 684-
3823. You may also receive assistance via e-mail at electronics@pcb.com or visit our web site at
www.pcb.com.

customer service

PCB guarantees Total Customer Satisfaction. If, at any time, for any reason, you are not completely
satisfied with any PCB product, PCB will repair, replace, or exchange it at no charge. You may also
choose, within the warranty period, to have your purchase price refunded.

PCB offers to all customers, at no charge, 24-hour phone support. This service makes product or
application support available to our customers, day or night, seven days a week. When unforeseen
problems or emergency situations arise, call the 24 Hour SensorLine at 716 684-0001, and an
application specialist will assist you.

3425 Walden Avenue, Depew, NY 14043-2495

Phone 716 684-0001 Fax 716 684-0987 E-Mail electronics@PCB.com
PCB www.PCB.com IMI www.IMI-Sensors.com Key www.KeyTransducers.com

ISO 9001 Certified

© 2001 PCB Group, Inc. In the interest of constant product improvement, specifications are subject to change without notice. All prices
are subject to change without notice. PCB, ICP and Modally Tuned are registered trademarks of PCB Group, Inc. TORKDISC is a
trademark of Key Transducers, Inc. Swiveler and Spindler are trademarks of PCB Group, Inc. IMI, SensorLine and Sensors that measure
up! are service marks of PCB Group, Inc. All other trademarks are properties of their respective owners.

PAGE 8
 Model Number Revision E
422E36 IN-LINE CHARGE CONVERTER ECN #: 34173
Performance ENGLISH SI Optional Versions (Optional versions have identical specifications and accessories as listed
Sensitivity (±2 %) (Charge Conversion) 10 mV/pC 10 mV/pC for standard model except where noted below. More than one option maybe used.)
Input Range ±250 pC ±250 pC T - TEDS Capable of Digital Memory and Communication Compliant with
Low Frequency Response (-5 %) 5 Hz 5 Hz [2] IEEE P1451.4
High Frequency Response (2.2 mA) 50 kHz 50 kHz [3] Temperature Range (Operating) -40 to +185 °F -40 to +85 °C
High Frequency Response (4 mA) 75 kHz 75 kHz [3] Notes
High Frequency Response (20 mA) 100 kHz 100 kHz [3] [1] Tested using voltage source and input capacitor equal to the feedback capacitor,
Non-Linearity ≤1.0 % FS ≤1.0 % FS to simulate a charge output sensor.
Environmental [2] The low frequency tolerance is accurate within ±10% of the specified frequency.
Temperature Range (Operating) -65 to +250 °F -54 to +121 °C [3] Above stated frequency, the amplifier becomes slew rate limited.
Temperature Response (Sensitivity <2 % <2 % [4] See PCB Declaration of Conformance PS024 for details. A low impendance
Deviation) connection from case to earth ground is required to maintain CE compliance.
Maximum Shock 1000 g pk 9810 m/s² pk
Humidity Range 100 % 100 %
Electrical
Excitation Voltage +18 to 28 VDC +18 to 28 VDC
Constant Current Excitation 2.2 to 20 mA 2.2 to 20 mA
Settling Time <6 min <6 min
Output Voltage (at specified measurement ±2.5 V ±2.5 V
range)
Output Polarity Inverted Inverted
Output Impedance <10 Ohm <10 Ohm
Output Bias Voltage +12.00 to 15.00 +12.00 to 15.00 VDC
VDC
Maximum Input Voltage 30 V 30 V
Broadband Electrical Noise (1 to 10000 26.0 µV -92 dB [1]
Hz)
Spectral Noise (1 Hz) 13.0 µV/√Hz -98 dB [1]
Spectral Noise (10 Hz) 2.20 µV/√Hz -113 dB [1]
Spectral Noise (100 Hz) 0.50 µV/√Hz -126 dB [1]
Spectral Noise (1 kHz) 0.19 µV/√Hz -134 dB [1]
Spectral Noise (10 kHz) 0.10 µV/√Hz -140 dB [1]
Capacitance (Maximum allowable at input) 2000 pF 2000 pF
Resistance (Minimum required at input) 10000 Ohm 10000 Ohm
Source Capacitance Loading <0.0005 %/pF <0.0005 %/pF
Physical
Housing Material Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
Sealing Welded Welded
Electrical Connector (Input) 10-32 Coaxial Jack 10-32 Coaxial Jack
Electrical Connector (Output) BNC Jack BNC Jack
Size (Diameter x Length) 0.52 in x 3.4 in 13 mm x 86 mm
Weight 1.1 oz 31 gm
Entered: LLH Engineer: JWH Sales: KWW Approved: LLH Spec Number:
Date: Date: Date: Date: 17784
10/25/2010 10/06/2010 10/25/2010 10/26/2010
[4] 3425 Walden Avenue
Depew, NY 14043
UNITED STATES
All specifications are at room temperature unless otherwise specified. Phone: 800-828-8840
In the interest of constant product improvement, we reserve the right to change specifications without Fax: 716-684-0987
notice. E-mail: info@pcb.com
ICP® is a registered trademark of PCB group, Inc. Web site: www.pcb.com