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CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

NAME OF STUDENT __MIFZAL AFFIFA_ ID No. _____1929-2017_

MID TERM EXAMINATION

Spring 2021

Total
Department Progra Semest Instructo Date of Time
Course Title Mark
/ Faculty m er r Exam Allowed
s
Software
BS
Project Rajkuma 26-05-
FICT SE 7th 2 hrs 25
Managemew r Chawla 2021
nt

Instructions:
1. This paper contains 05 questions. Attempt all questions.
2. Marks of each question are mentioned at the end of each question.
3. Use of Calculator is Not Allowed.
4. Mobile Phones must be powered off and kept away during the exam.
5. Cheating of any type will disqualify the candidate.
6. Admit card is compulsory to appear in exam.
7. Student shall not be allowed to leave exam hall before the specified time.
8. Student shall not be allowed to enter in exam hall after the specified time.
9. Student must comply with given instructions by the invigilator or examiner.
10.Any arguments/misbehavior with invigilator shall be resulted to disciplinary
action.
11.Do not detach the sheets. (Paper will be cancelled, if the sheets are detached).
12.Write your answers in ink. Pencil may be used for underlining of diagrams only.
13.The work must be neat & clean. Over-writing, cutting will be considered as
mistake.
CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

14.Student must bring his/her own stationary. Borrowing in exam hall is not allowed.
15.Answer Script & Question Paper must be returned back to invigilator before
leaving exam hall.

This paper has a total of 03 pages including this title page


CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

Q#1:
[4 Marks]
How a software project is different to management as compare to other project of real word?
Justify your answer with a real world project?

There are a few important differences:

1. Goal: Software project is about education, the real world is about achieving a
business goal.
2. Nature: A software project usually involves solving a small well-scoped set
of problems; a real world project is often unbounded over time, because it has
to solve an evolving and growing set of problems, and there are often critical
value judgments of cost and benefit to which aspects of which problems to
solve.
3. Complexity: a software project is at a defined level of difficulty, and often
has many existing, excellent and clear solutions; real world project are often
significantly more complex, require a lot more investigation and discovery,
and may have no existing solution.
4. Team: software project is about education and projects are usually intended
to be done by one individual; real world projects are usually of a size, scope
and urgency that they are carried out by a team. That team may often have
specialists who deal with specific aspects of the total problem (for example,
user interface vs. algorithmic process vs. data modeling & storage vs.
integration, etc).
5. Criticality: if a software project fails, you get an E grade or may have to
give explanation and have to study more. If a real world project fails, you (and
possibly others) may get fired, which can have an immediate economic
impact, not just on one individual but potentially on multiple people’s
families.

But they do have some things in common:

 there are software-related problems to solve


 usually people think those problems can be solved
 learning usually happens (though in a real world project, this is usually not the
key goal, more of a side-effect)

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CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

So it is worthwhile to get as much as possible out of software project projects, because they
are excellent preparation for the real world. Like everything, solid diverse practice is the road
to mastery.

Example:

Excellus BlueCross BlueShield had limited visibility into resource capacity as many
decisions were based on inaccurate data. They chose portfolio and resource management to
improve data quality and drive better project choice. As a result, their timesheet submission
rate improved to 99 percent. Now, senior leadership has greater visibility into portfolios to
ensure compliance. Data-driven decisions and labor forecast can be based on actuals versus
outdated resource structures. With the portfolio properly aligned with resource capacity, the
health insurer is more capable of delivering work on time.

Flowserve, a large manufacturer with 19,000 employees, wanted to drive new product
growth and gain insights to improve their decision making. They were struggling to optimize
labor productivity, track projects, and control costs. With portfolio and resource
management, Flowserve has become nimble and delivers products to market more quickly.
Using an automated gate review process, they are now better able to manage work in the
pipeline and speed time to market, which mitigates launch delays. This allows them to
control costs and measure success more effectively.

Q # 2:
[4 Marks]
Explain the words SMART in detail with reference to your Final Year Project?

1. S (Specific):We are going to lunch an IOT Temperature & Mask Scan Entry System
For Covid Prevention by using fronted language like HTML5 , JavaScript but also
including python as it will make our website smooth and easier to use .

2. M (Measurable): Our final year project is a software and hardware application.

3. A (Attainable): Our final year project will be finished within 4 months before the start
of our university.

4. R (Relevant): By giving our project 4 hours per week we will be able to complete
before the give time frame.

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CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

5. T (Time-Bound): When our 8th semester begins. We will be have completed our
project as would have giving our project 4 hours per week and within 4 month we will
have completed our project. INSHALLAH.

Q # 3. [6 Marks]

Explain the given image by using your FYP as project Area?

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CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

Integration: In this, we did research on the tools and technology that we will using to
develop our Final year project and after doing the research we decided to plan that how and
who will, So that the project can be successfully be developed. After Deciding all of these we
will start working on the prototype as to see how the project will look as a fully developed
project. After the compilation of software successfully developed we complete the
documentations of the project.

Scope: In this, our FYP is a Software + hardware (IOT) based so that will be based on
Single page Application so that the user and the developers will be able to easily navigate
through the hardware & software efficiently.

Time: We know that when our last semester begins, we will be have completed our project
as we would have given our project 6 hours per week and within 3 to 4 months we will have
finished it before the given time frame.

Cost: As our FYP is Hardware and software based so the developing cost of our FYP will
be the transportation cost, Hardware, Some out sourcing (Like electrician, & Model),
Launching and the precious time that we have spent on it. This project is being developed by
students so there will couple of difficulties but with the help of internet and our teachers we
will be able to complete the project.

Quality: The quality of our FYP is that the features that we have installed in our application
should be functional so we tried our application as easy it can be so the user can easily
understand and use without any issue.

Stakeholders: The stakeholder for my final year project includes my fyp group, Instructor
who is currently overseeing the entire final year projects of other students and the honorable
management of the University.

Procurement: In order to make our Final year project Look like a professional built
product we will have to buy Some Sensors, Raspberry Device, and Model where we can
show our project and explain to jury.

Risk: We must be able to remove the difficulties that may delay the development of our
FYP and in order to avoid this we will have to use some resources like raspberry Guide line,
Google Coding and Guide lines for IOT, by doing so we would have been able to easily
identify and solved the issue.

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CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

Communication: The communication between stakeholders is necessity as we have to


keep everyone up to date on any sudden changes to the project so that they remain up to
speed on things.

Human Resources: This is also a very important when developing a project as we need to
clearly identify the roles and responsibilities of the people that are involved in the Project.
Like, who is going to lead the group, who will develop the application & who will manage
the out sourcing & hardware installation? And also who will document the projects various
requirements and specification

Q # 4:
[5 Marks]
Explain the role and importance of a project Manager as a key person in the whole project?

Role of Project Manager:


A project manager is a person who is responsible for leading the project. In other words,
project managers are the spearheads of a project. They ensure that the project is completed
within the specified deadline and gets delivered to the client without any flaws. He/she
handles all the aspects of the project from project initiation to project delivery. 

To put it simply, he is the champion of the project. He provides the vision of the project to
his team members and keeps their focus firmly fixed on the same. He/she is that person who
ultimately gets praised for the success of the project or discredited for the failure of it. The
project manager is accountable for the fate of a project.  

Project manager responsibilities:


A project manager, with the help of their team, is charged with multiple responsibilities that
span the five project phases of a project life cycle (initiating, planning, executing, monitoring
and closing) below.

The project management phases intersect with 10 knowledge areas. The knowledge areas
include integration, scope, time, cost, quality, human resources, communication, risk
procurement and stakeholder management.

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CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

Initiating phase:
1. Integration management: Developing a project charter
2. Stakeholder management: Identifying stakeholders

Planning phase:
3. Integration management: Developing a project management plan
4. Scope management: Defining and managing scope, creating a work breakdown
structure (WBS), and requirements gathering
5. Time management: Planning, defining, and developing schedules, activities,
estimating resources and activity durations
6. Costs management: Planning and estimating costs, and determining budgets
7. Quality management: Planning and identifying quality requirements
8. Human Resource management: Planning and identifying human resource
needs
9. Communications management: Planning communications
10.Risk management: Planning for and identifying potential risks, performing
qualitative and quantitative risk analysis, and planning risk mitigation strategies
11.Procurement management: Planning for and identifying required
procurements
12.Stakeholder management: Planning for stakeholder expectations

Executing
13.Integration management: Directing and managing all work for the project
14.Quality management: Performing all aspects of managing quality
15.Human resource management: Selecting, developing, and managing the
project team
16.Communications management: Managing all aspects of communications
17.Procurement management: Take action on securing necessary procurements
18.Stakeholder management: Managing all stakeholder expectations

Monitoring and controlling


19.Integration management: Monitoring and controlling the project work and
managing any necessary changes
20.Scope management: Validating and controlling the scope of the project

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CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

21.Time management: Controlling the scope of the project


22.Costs management: Controlling project costs
23.Quality management: Controlling the quality of deliverables
24.Communications management: Controlling all team and stakeholder
communications
25.Procurement management: Controlling procurements
26.Stakeholder management: Controlling stakeholder engagements

Closing
27.Integration management: Closing all phases of the project
28.Procurement management: Closing all project procurements

Q#5: [6
Marks]

Explain the above image in detail with reference to management and constraints?

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CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

Time constraint

When it comes to time constraints, proper scheduling is essential. According to the Project
Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), the following steps should be taken for
effective time management:

1. Planning: This includes defining the main goal(s) of the project team, how the team
intends to achieve the goal(s), and the equipment and/or steps that will be taken to do
so.
2. Scheduling: The project management team must plot out the realistic timeframe to
complete each phase of the project.
3. Monitoring: This step occurs once the project is underway and requires the project
team to analyze how the past stages of the project performed, noting trends and
impacts on future plans, and communicating these findings to all relevant stakeholders.
4. Control: In the control step, the team must, upon communicating the results of each
phase of the project, move forward accordingly. That means if things are running
smoothly, the team must analyze the factors contributing to that positive outcome so
that it can be continued and replicated. If there has been a derailment, the team must
know how and why the derailment occurred and correct it for future actions.

A Gantt chart can help to visualize the project timeline and whether they are tracking to the
proper constraints.

Scope constraint
Defined upfront, the scope of the project should be clearly and regularly communicated to all
stakeholders to ensure that “scope creep” — the term used when changes are made to the
scope mid-project, without the same levels of control — is avoided. To keep the scope in
check, you can:

 Provide clear documentation of the full project scope at the beginning of the project,
including all requirements.
 Set up a process for managing any changes, so if someone proposes a change, there is
a controlled system in place for how that change will be reviewed, approved or
rejected, and implemented if applicable.
 Communicate the scope clearly and frequently with stakeholders.

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CLIFTON CAMPUS, KARACHI (1929-2017)

Cost constraint
A project’s budget includes both fixed and variable costs, including materials, permits, labor,
and the financial impact of team members working on the project. A few of the ways to
estimate the cost of a project include:

 Historical data: Looking at what similar projects cost in the recent past
 Resources: Estimating the rate of cost for goods and labor.
 Parametric: Comparing historical data with updated, relevant variables
 Vendor bid: Averaging the total charge of several solid vendor bids

Effective cost control is paramount to the success of the project.

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