Ground Condition and

Preparation for Mobile Cranes

Host: Mike Parnell
President/CEO, ITI
ASME B30 Vice Chair (Cranes & Rigging)
ASME P30 Chair (Lift Planning)

Guest
Speaker: Klaus Meissner
Director of Product Integrity
Terex Cranes
-Convenor of CEN TC147 WG11 (EN13000)
-President FEM Mobile cranes
The views expressed in this presentation are that of ITI and are not necessarily the views of the ASME or any of its committees
WHO WE ARE
A world leader in crane and rigging training
and consulting.

We Rig It Right!

2
WHO WE ARE
We Serve a Variety of Industries
• Aerospace • Maritime
• Chemicals • Mining
• Construction • Nuclear
• DOD • Oil & Gas
• DOE • Pulp & Paper
• Electric Utility • Railroad
• Hydro • Shipbuilding
• Manufacturing • Wind Energy

3
OUR CUSTOMERS
The World's Greatest
Organizations Trust ITI's
Expertise with their
Crane & Rigging Operations

4
SHOWCASE WEBINAR
WEBINAR SERIES TRAINING COURSES
Past Presentations:
• 10 Audit Points for Your Crane and Rigging Operations:
Coming in 2014
An HSE Perspective
• Tackling the Challenges of Training Site Supervisors, • Lift Director and Site Supervisor
Lift Directors, and other Leaders
• 4 Major Lifting Considerations in Power Gen Environments • Critical Lift Planning
• Rigging and Sling Failures: Case Studies and Solutions • Rigging Gear Inspection for
• How to Manage a Crane Accident Supervisors
• Automation - Equipment Inspection and Asset Management
• Advanced Rigging:
• 10 Points of Lift Plan Development
Load Distribution and Center of
• 9 Questions You Must Ask When Selecting a Crane and Rigging
Training Provider
Gravity

Today's Presentation: • Advanced Rigging:

Terex Presents: Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes Multi-Crane Lifts and Load Turns

5
MIKE PARNELL – ABOUT YOUR HOST
Mr. Parnell has a wealth of knowledge regarding cranes,
rigging, and lifting activities throughout a variety of industries.

• 30+ years learning about wire rope, rigging, load handling,

and lifting activities.

• Vice Chair of the ASME B30 Main Committee which sets the
standards in the US for cranes and rigging

• Chair of the ASME P30 Main Committee which sets the

standards for lift planning.

ASME standards are also adopted by many countries around

the world.

The views expressed in this presentation are that of ITI and are not necessarily the views of the ASME or any of its committees.

6
Klaus Meissner – About your Guest Speaker
• Director of Product Integrity, Terex Cranes

• 25+ year experience in the crane industry

• Expert for mobile crane approval appointed by the German

Health and Safety Authority

• Convenor of the working group developing EN13000 – the

European Safety Standard for mobile cranes

• President of the product group for mobile cranes within FEM –

the European Manufacturers Association of Material Handling,
Lifting and Storage Equipment

The views expressed in this presentation are that of ITI and are not necessarily the views of the ASME or any of its committees.

7
 Cranes

Ground Condition and

Preparation for Mobile Cranes
November 2013

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Content

Typical Incidents
- Loading too high, ground gives way
- Crane tips over during travel on site
Background
- Load distribution
- Ground gives way, shear failure
- Centre of gravity at height
Prevention
- Load distribution, cribbing, mats

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Content

Typical Incidents
- Loading too high, ground gives way
- Crane tips over during travel on site
Background
- Load distribution
- Ground gives way, shear failure
- Centre of gravity at height
Prevention
- Load distribution, cribbing, mats

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Typical Incidents

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Typical Incidents

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Typical Incidents

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Typical Incidents

Outside Influences
(acting on the "system crane")

Pure Physics
(the same for all sites and
equipment)

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Content

Typical Incidents
- Loading too high, ground gives way
- Crane tips over during travel on site
Background
- Load distribution
- Ground gives way, shear failure
- Centre of gravity at height
Prevention
- Load distribution, cribbing, mats

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Background load distribution

Video 1

Angle of
Repose

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Background load distribution
Symbol indicates
Top View on Crawler car Body, Centre of Gravity
Crawlers turned to better indicate Shape
Symbols indicate
Ground Pressure
under Crawler

Symmetrical Symmetrical Loading Non-Symmetrical

Loading to the Front Loading

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Background load distribution

Type of Soil/Description Max. Allowable Max. Allowable

Bearing values Bearing values
(presumptive) (presumptive)
in tons/sq.ft. in psi
Hard Rock 100 1390
Soft Rock 12 167
Very compact sandy gravel 10 139
Loose fine sand or firm inorganic silt 1,5 21

Crane Weight Crawler Crawler Contact Theor. min. Typical Ground

Cap. Length Width Surface Ground Loading Loading w. Load
(crane w/o load and
balaced)
600t 400t 10m 1,3m 26m2 15,4t/m2 30…>100 t/m2
660tons 440tons 32ft 4.3ft 275sq.ft 1,6tons/sq.ft. 3.1…>10.4 tons/sq.ft.
.

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES 18

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Background load distribution

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Background, shear failure

Video 2

Angle of
Repose

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Background, shear failure

Load
inital Ground
Surface
final Ground Surface
Load

Displacement
Shear Surface

Very often the shear failure develops

non-symmetric as the load starts tilting

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Background, shear failure

Angle of
Repose

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, exceeding load bearing capacity of ground
Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Rescuing a truck, exceeding load bearing capacity of ground

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel on site with load

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, exceeding load bearing capacity of ground

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, exceeding load bearing capacity of ground

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, partially erected crane

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, partially erected crane

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, partially erected crane

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, partially erected crane, consequence

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, partially erected crane, consequence

Where is the Centre of Gravity?

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, partially erected crane, consequence

Suspension Base

Where is the Tipping Line?

Wheel Base

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, partially erected crane, consequence

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, partially erected crane, consequence

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Content

Typical Incidents
- Loading too high, ground gives way
- Crane tips over during travel on site
Background
- Load distribution
- Ground gives way, shear failure
- Centre of gravity at height
Prevention
- Load distribution, cribbing, mats

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
General

PLAN: Develop a Plan

DO: Act according to Plan
CHECK: Are Conditions as per Plan
ACT: Take Action if needed

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Preparation of the hard stand

- Establish the loads action on the ground

- Consult manufacturer's documentation
- Use calculation tools
- Investigate the ground
- Load bearing capacity?
- Hidden cavities?
- Prepare the ground and level it
- Use appropriate cribbing/mats
- Cribbing may fail if the load is not spread over the full area of the mat
- Cribbing/mats may fail if the ground crushes or extensive settling appears
- Cribbing/mats may fail when the mat bends
- Cribbing/mats may fail by horizontal splitting

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES 38

Ground Condition and Preparation for Mobile Cranes
Travel with load, preparation of builder‘s roads

B
A B

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES

 Thank you for
your attention

work safely

SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES