Rigveda Peterson
Rigveda Peterson
Rigveda Peterson
PE T E R PETERSON , M .A.,
Late Professor cf Sanskrit, Elphinstone College, Bombay;
R E V IS E D A N D E N L A R G E D
BY
S. R. BHANDARKAR, M.
Professor of Sanskrit, Elphinstone College, Bombay<
Bombay:
GOVERNMENT CENTRAL BOOK DKP6T.
1905.
[A ll Eigh ts Reserved]
Price, Two Rupees Four Annas.
B O M B A Y S A N S K R IT SE R IE S, NO- X X X V h
BOMBAY:
453473
PREFACES.
S. R. B H A X D A R K A R .
Bombay, 28th January 1905.
PETER PETERSON.
23rd August 1888.
PREFACES.
p. clxxxi) that I may have had access to the manuscripts they used is*
unfounded. Is it necessary to explain that the reason why I did not
use Max M tiller’ s new edition of Sayana for my book, which appears
to be made matter of complaint against me on the page just cited, is
that my book was published in 1888, and the second volume of
Muller's new edition (the first which appeared) in 1890 ?
[ l But lias no object here and cannot by itself mean browse.
In the Bhau Daji MS. and in Ca of Muller’s the word is r5t^r?r.
Could the correct word have been ? ]
PREFACES. ix
P E T E R PE TE RSO N .
INDEX OF DEITIES.
T E X T
HO l N o. 1 ^
*rr% ■*
ir b■•fto r•c“ fQv*?% I
srr w II \
sr JTt^fr 5 r p c r ? ^ ^ I
? w ? r ^Tr jf if II H
% ? f t Tsrtr f f ^ f t ^ r ?w r#t ^ ? r - 1
? * f e r 3tt ir ff II ^
% g*fr w r f a : § ^ r r # r^ rr^ t I
? r s r f e 3rr JTf| II ^
% ^ r^ rrR r m | *rf I
f r ^ r f e 3?r W rf H ^
* | f? rR r r t ^ c t r ; r%Tt ^ f r i r ^ J T |
?sr^ ?r ^ f f II ^
WO I ^
arr i f i f II ^
N o. 2 $®
I fw # W * 3^- ^ o r f ? r ^ I
pr^rrr% srN -firt II \
m f w 4 p r # f% fr ^ R ^ T tfr * : I
m f°in ^ II ^
r% J j o f e s r % JT#t i % * ? 5f g r ^ n r |
jfr fa l^ r II ^
l ^ r ^ ? p s r ? ^ im w i t I
f o f t r f t s ^ r r r || <<
dR H j«H fr'r^n% % ^ r r ^r *r ^ ? n I
^pWrrrq- 5T3pr II %
Trl'rTr^ I
M ^TTT: ^ g isH * II ^
THE RIG-VEDA. 3
no * ^
V wreff sr& r ^ n r r ^ I
% 5j *T II <
% ? STTrT^ ffr T : I
% ?t ^ a iw rra fr II ^
f*r 3i%°r: ^ g r B . W r I
^ rrsrr^ rc II \o
3t%— f a w ^ cO r r -*
3Ti% 'frsrRr I
^•crrft ^ r 7 II X X
*r ^ r | ^ r f r ^ trH T rrt^ -. ^ r f ^ I
* <9 arr^rq crrf?^r?[ II V t
P tW gfif f f T0^ ? ^ I
qrrl r% I I \\
5r 4 fa m ^ rr f^ w w t ^r § w r % ^Rr^rrrr 1
W t ^ r f W r R -: II X V
I m
w 5 fN r a t’ % JT ^ r^ rr^ I
fl% ST# II \VS
# 5 r f ^ ^ r f t s t m f c erfa1 I
q^rr ^ q c r % f*ti* II \ *
f» r ff f ^ J f o r =4 n jx v |
« jp f a * g r r ^i% II v <
1 % fr ^ rT -?,T ^ T I
3 T w r w f4 ^ r w II r< \
RO l No. 3 qo
ff^
^ 5 3TTrlTr sriftT^PTq-^- II \
* p r I f r ^ r t fH w n r r
^ fr ^ ^ f^ F ^ fJ T r R T
fa rF p r qfrT »f?r^ 113.
THE BIG-VEAD. 5
*1® 1 3 ®
3T *ff f it ? '-
i% ^r q ^ r aTf*rraten !
f r|qr aw f s -^ :
Trl ^ m h f ^ qprT *PH: II \
rTfWq^T ?# r T ^ f f ^
Tr&Err t f-s t o r ? I
« ^ ^ r r fffr r ; f *rerr-
^r?r€r «n ^ k?ig^ f ? * r & II v
3r&TCnr*f*r%
5§tf f I
^ ? r f p ^ ? E t e F i r qr^rt
f ^ ^ r ^ T c T - g- HTFrT II C<
sqrw ^ t
r r t f g -: fq|rrr I
?r#r frt * r r c f ?nr-
r ff^ IPTHpf JrT # : l| ^
IT® I N o. 4 op \*\
5T n ^ # r 5T55T# WRPTSlW
*Tf% ? r ^ r : »T> I
HYMNS FROM
we * m
3ttt to # rrar
fra f II X
*r S in fa p p TT% s q fa -
m m *n%*TR*sr i p * R r
* ^rr^r # f % : ? M r a fih R ra ; il ^
s r e r %«rr ^ srt * iM - :
f t f # * jp fr W fp b I
3T??HpT f ^ H r -
t ^f I a r a fc N t wards II ^
P f^ T f
^rrvrr T f a ^ r g s k w ^ r^ r |
n* • r\rf rTl rs *v.
arm <t JTrrnrf^ r f ^ arr ^*r
2r <^r *r ttstrt II v
^ rtr ^ 9 [ ii^ r ^ rr l| ^
f f a t r s tfJ r s ^ ta r s fa s -
qR-nr^J^r^ |
THE R IG -V E D A . 7
n o I ^ o v\y
't a t to *
rrmrr f w jp r n ^
fcricrN r * wH-
frr& pt ^t *r sfcrart I
w r | ^ r | fN f*
fafrrvpT: 'Tr^PT: f r f f |
Ho \ N o- 5 *J.° W *
% ^ h ffP r * t N
*T: 'TrFT^rTR' f ^ r T^fr% i
?fr a r ^ H R ^ f f w t
«0 ^ Ik
IT f=rs°T%
P tftfM - T s g r a r ? i
*T f % TOrf jF R ^ -
W r fr?*T ||
v i ff^ ’j m r ^ r ^rr-
m 3T *T*fc%
m — JTT^t
— #V\W t T srarrer:
— I
STSJTf cT ^JT P T ^ f 1
s°f-
TpT H tf? ^ II
no ^ N o. 6
*T® H ^
t o 3Tvq%?rr
* S R T ? f^sf: II \
n : q r ifa i^ M r I
% ^-cnTST RTTR- r#
% qr*R ?terar tatarf II H
% w *r 1 % ^ -
irr w & *4 I
w m f H ^
qpprr ^ h r r f^ r R
m ^ ff JJfRT: I
sp fN ; # r N n ffa r ^ rtc-
*r s f r r ? II v
4 **TT ^ f % f^ % -
•v | r «sL i
5 ?m t| ^ ^ ffr ^ r ^ I
#r ^ ? srr frttI
% spn f H ^
% **rer ^ c r r ^ f^ r^ n ;
? fr % s r r w ^ ^ I
H Y M N S FROM
# r s ff? rr srrtrc:
* p r t k * ? g- *fc r? II %
H ^rtr t o 1 JTrfr
Trrsr ^ n r% w r : I
^ ^r^rR-
q t ^TT ?cfr ^ ahrrer w^i- II ^
3r # ??rr r f i ^ t
c f M * s»rar ^frr^h I
f flp f N W c f R W f l J
5TPTT g- 4 ^ 1 ? p s f: II <T
^rT ^T^wr
4 3 T # fs M t I
% f ^ t e r jrfg q r#
^r 3TTTf P f : II ^
^•- 2 [ p % rrtr^r ^ r t -
T F F ^ iiR F ^ r ^ R - I
q-= ^ r | ^ ; # r *|«rr
?fr ^ 'r f - c r r *r s N r o w^- II ^
« fj ^ j <r#^5 f^ R F #
^ n fM r |
THE BIG-VEDA. 11
^5 w 3 H T f S*sh II \ \
*TCT I
^ r f % ? # r TPfcrr
^ r r w ^ g qtrrr *r t % I
q -: tr?q T RT%^r spptt | -
^r w s K r f p ^ : || ^
3T: 3T-. T ^ i
2T: 3TSF<T *T'- W T R f r T l - I
w r g t%
3 ? # f *ra* * w r 11 ^ v
JTo * Q®
3 N o. 7
p t % 3nri^rrcT3ir% 5 ^ %
p t % err^nr str; 1
f T ^ f ^ q f f a =3%
P T ^ f 5^ I^ H fT rT II X
* *r f*Tf 3 ^ 5 sn r^ r-
-^ c f 3TTlTf5 f^T^T(% I
*r *r ^ r | t cfNrr
W r f f 5T^m?TF?T% 5f II ^
fa k ir iR -r fr
f%rr^r% *ft*rar gf^sirri 1
H r fl^ r ^ ^ 5 T i% 3 T ^ r
f^r g*r#r II ^
^ fa#r 4 ^ 4 : ^ r fr
TT^rr sT^rr^re- I
< m w% f5 r # r ^ r a w -
fqr h> ^t'r- II v
? f f arrr^ rr ^ w ? ^ r ^ r
^rra^sHTr I
wo * q ?
r*nreir ^ f ^ n f ^ r s#r *trt% i
a r fc # r f r f N r fa tr f w w rh I
srfvr w p t ; » r f ^ ( K II ^
T5f w a r ftflr ^ r l
*r s ^ r l ^ * n ^ T r c r II <
snrhr f^ r r ^ r f^ I
?M f^ s fa r 3T^i 11 ^
wo ^ N o. 8 ^ qo \\
3 % srrsfa ^rr%^r j ^ i t :
s p r a r JT°Ttr * r% fr I
g*prr tht ^ ff? n $ % -
^r r ^ r w r ? II \
3^ t ^ r ? 4 (% n r f f
T ^ r r ^ ?rr 1
arr ^ t ^ W st 3P *I
ffT o q ^ a ff tT^rrsr^r % II ^
?«rt q # ^ r f%**r-
14 HYMNS FROM
HO \
irsfrffnr ^r^?rr II %
57? * 2$N r R ^ fr f r 5 % -
^rra; T^r I
g W
3TF^ff|^s w ? fa ^ n II v
^?nW fr rexr
•s r\ *v J c\ /-v I i
prgr titst I
sTPTcfriTsr ^ r # r^TRfr
wprfrnr srf^PT$far°r. II %
^■?r^zr jW r ffP T * !? -
-*qf ? fr ? i i # 3rr I
^rfr f a ir e r *rraT
5=% ^ H f5 fa ^ 11 vs
THE EIG-VEDA.
a qo a*, <*a
no a N o. 9 *£o a^
3T# Frer rr^rr $?f ^prr f^rr%$ I
ff gfrr 3?m II ^
SfRhrf % ^9TTPT: I
srer ; j p w r II R
srr f f f w II v
f ^ p r ffr ttct^II ^
3T*r ^rTFf I t m 1; f # w r !
freer ajt II ^
no a N o. 10 ^a
3 T ^ : g % r fr ^ # 5 ^
f^ r cp r ^ 3 5 ^ % I
16 HYMNS FEOM
n o « go
ft ^ vr^rr^r *n g % «r:
^ % 3T f sTr p t H ^
t # » % f f jfa jf ^ r r a ^ q r -
3TlT?CWFr
5^ R r % f I T T ^ ^ : II ^
^rf^Kr 1 % *nr
JT'fefr i ^ ^ r r I
|% 3 ^ ^ p n r r f^ ?
H % 3T# ^ r r ^ r r iT fr t II *
5T ?T%W 5T-
s i* r *pnr w ^ r f ? r I
zFjfSrarr *rfi?w r ^ ^ f r -
''fi
wwra- ^ || v
q-«r. ?fri% q w l w i
W w ??T3p t r
^ rT^Jt SftrT: f W R % II ^
^ % f^ T f^ T R r r : ^ T #
K % f^F 5 M W * | W F % I
THE BIO-VEDA. 17
srf?i%: ?ro^ II ^
Ro ^ NO. 11 Qo ^
s ru ttw^t ^ f% q f g ^ r f% w ^ r I
3rr t^ F r fs r 3 t$t ^ II X
s p r f N r ?*r ^ f* F ? ^ if* r r | i
^ rr ff-c r r r tf> n ^
3T?r f ^ ^ m r r J ift I
ftrrr? f°fr « r f II v
vrHt'fa 'p r i % I
S tfc p M f i w f |
spihrr II sj
18 HYMNS FROM
^ qo'
# * r e r t II <
N o . 12 qp c%
s rW r g r # ifrf^Trprt
sr*mr f^rrer I
f# r ^ r p ^ q - ’f r f jth^ II \
nr # ? r T^ tr
hp# f t n r g *pn r w f r ^ n i . I
f c r r ^ k r N % fcn?rr^%
2 T r J ^ : *rR S F ff^ T | ^ s || ^
f* ft ? ^ ^ n r p t r 3rf»r% T -
W ^ T F ^ 1^ I
s?*prr ^ r ? 1
*JT°pr 11 \
HO
ITT 5TRT3-
Fwnn% II V
^ g^- " j r w
^ sm- 1
^ f f r ^ T vl r f % ^ 'T r :
*F 4 : T # g f r f f ^ W & II ^
rarfr t r fr% » M r
sr rc^r<T fisofr s r * ? * ? ^irr: i
^ rr R?rr 4 : II %
fft I r w iw
f* rr fSprr^r: ll «■
? fp ? Pr p f c i
*r® ^ go
spfrt
^ trf^ T R 'N ' II S.
oT^rqffq-^l ^r ihrFrr-
i I
3T #3 i^ 3TFTW»rr3r^
SfTWrr ?3Trvqfsf%fr Tf#TPT II V>
no % No. 13 go ^
r% ^ ^ rcrq r f ^ f f - |
sp fcrrg sr 5|t II v
t it g fN - T ite r r ^ r r ^r% I
pvrzr II ^
t? ^ r fa r 3^ «rwrnN^ f i t fspTw I
3T$lrflr??n-qf II ^
THE BIG-VEDA. 21
JTo \ q o
qrirr i
?r^ p m f ^ -
*tt i^r f%ffTTr II <
m % 3Tfr JTT^^n^r i
r^TT# II ^
??r fw r w gTi*rr?pr I
5 p N r $ f| ^rT^f II \ o
wo ^ No. 14 \v
V *rq % 3T#Sfpir#fer I
q- s n h t jl \
*rg ?5orr 3 ^ f^ r r # r I
f*r <s%f?r =? snfc II ^
f i ? f r ?r f W ? r 5 s f a r N - t? i% 1
% 3fc?T s q ;q t <rf^s || \
22 HYMNS FROM
no V ^ o
% «f ffrrflir f w r ^ i
^ II v
T IW 5 sr itt % w r r a * § = fc r : |
^ *n # r ^gfsrrgar II ^
*T ^ ff| % a& I
arcrfterfiftr =nf|r II vs
f j n t f .?
f # r ?Fr II *
3 * ^ I
s in t e r f f II ^
■rff ^ greg**# ^ |
3 ^ II \ °
No. 15
THE RIG-VEDA. 23
Ho ^ g o ^
*rw r I
? R t w W m r l - II ^
m |
IIA
arrsrrcrt |«rn f^ n r # |
I# f%*fcr{ l l *
no % No. 16 gp ^
q- i ^ W f ^ W | T »K 1
5f ^T 3Trf# II \
p - ^T * p firfjr: I
p r f ^ r faira- II ^
ct?§ % ffh1 II v
f* f ^ t r w b r jt ^ I
3TrTRt^^Rr spft II <<
s r r lt
s T M ^ r ^ T r ^ ll
arm ^ f £rra%
§rtcrhr^ II ^
N o . 17 ^ro «^vs
5*wt 3 i W w ^ rn r I
II X
^qT^r^TTrft ^ f : ^rrr I
^ p » T ^ T fS S ffa II ^
q f ^ f r srfa fsrtl- g f f a f r f f a r r : I
?HT II v
THE KIG-VEDA. 25
^ r T H rrrf II V
^ II ^
«o ^ N o. 18. qo v
si^rr ° t f % r ^rr| f a i r
e r # ! ff% ^Tfrr: I
^ S *>J **N /■'s I 1 Cl
r*$r r ? r ^ <3T r ff^ F fr jtcu
a j f J T f I I X
i.
?r f - f ir r f srr 5JTr?r-
^ i R r 3T^f^qrW rr I
arr ?j?4 ^pjq- p ? r ssr
% : tf-ST^r 3TR-ST W o S ^ 11 ^
?r«r
—
JTofr'^r-?
—
^ rgg
S3
p rr-
—
?r3r#r r % 4 I
JTf s r e r ? ? r % fk -3% -
5^ r || ^
j j e V9 g o « .
sifa
sra f|rrr w^rr J?pfr *n *tt<t II v
fr e r tfN r w r h f r r
? f r m t TP-i^r I
% s H ftr ^ p frf^ r r f^ s t
f^ r qrrrr *?% rP T : *r?r *r: II ^
«0 * N o. 19. ^5 y^
§ 3?3% sp jt^ t -
cTqprr ^rAJMM^riTPTr: I
fj=|r m f w r fT rf
HT ^TRT ^ ^ 5 II %
??rr «rrqt t ^ r r f f II ^
^ (r r f^ r -
**rr arror | # r it f HrahFg II %
THE RIG-VEDA. 27
3^9 VS
m g TT3IT ?7f f # %
|wr »r# ?r I
tt-. s r f% -
m srrcr II v
ho \» N o -20. H?**#
srret'rarir jtftr ^ r ^ w r -
^ % ^ ff hwt ^ I
2 T # rf| 3rf| 5T# ^ T * ?
ffq | II ^
^re£faq% ? ? rM t t <rfa
*Tgg s r% T f r n t ^ r f ^ ^ r I
a is r c t w r ^rr*T
r^ r# p i ^ r % H ^
T O r | w %
sr$Sj*n^r f ^ r l r i r r ^ ^ r f i
qrf| %*t jr r ^ m
fg i f a ^ r *e- II %
28 HYMNS FROM
no \9qo %£■
no \s N o. 21. *1°
«rr *}*r ?rr?m p^ i
pT?f "^ W ^ I 'T R T I
fsirrN - 5 jt f ^ r i r ^ N
* w p p ^ r ir a N r e f-
s fH t fr ^ r % I
f^?r f^rrnr ^?f *r: II ^
'% *r * r N r t ?*tfcr
f§fr <5fi^f^rr ?rmRr: I
3t*it>4 II \
w t f ^ ^ p t t ? 3Tfif-
fawPrfr trR w ^-^rk . I
Sir f?IT R^f STfcffcT f5%: 11 V
fM f ^Tfr h N r
n r f ^ a f f a i r |
Ho vsfjovS'»,
3-rr ^ ^ r r p q ir r W r %
rr&Kf *5? I
fair <r w *t^ : I! ^
v jt t o f #»-..
^ IMF* ?j*F*rr I
fsrr rf sNtetfir 'rarfa-
^ 5 qr?r ^ c t p j : ^ 'r m II ^
Ho *s N o. 22. *jo
s f?
r n ^ r w r r 5^ rr arsfi-JT? II
w f tf- 3m g f? ? rr ^ f r -
? f tf^ r q * 4 f vj I
30 HYMNS PROM
flo \S ^ro
t f ? »t% * rrffa 11 ^
frq- h r ^t ?3 ?W -
ftnrr ? w ^ fn % 3rr?p I
s n r ^ f r %s€ttRt s r t -
^ 'r f^ n # ^-cn r^r k ^ s II \
<^rr w ^ s t r t >r?r^r-
f%ffi-: qft fs fr f^TTR I
f^ T r spriRr
r|^r ir^rrr II v
^ r i% # r c ft sta i
f^ r rw m **brr^ I
3ftfag?rr ^ H f r * % -
-fr r ^ f g n r W ^ r f 11 ^
srf^ ^rrrsiTJTf«ir?tr a r a r -
f% ^r ^ ?r: I
?nfrr ^%cr n t e faqT # ?
cnii’r? M - i w r ^ iT ^ II %
smrr g * i$ -
f f r | % f*rfeir srsrt: I
THE RIG-VEDA. 31
ro v» ere <13
f3 T |S 5 f|ft ^ ^ P T T O l f
* # *Tri j« r c f jl vs
j ?r w r fiW t ff * ?-
g fr a?**r I
m ? f f : ^ T r r i1 f ? ^ &*
3 5 'Tta ^fRrrf^t ^ 5T: II <
«© vS No. 23.
gwr % <T^>rprr?
?r^ r r a p t f : sr^r#w r w -1
^r^rr ^ fw r frr*rnfifbr ^
^ R t e r r w f ^ n i ^ r r w r i ^ II X
*r >jwrr a r ^ r «rr|r*r a i f s i -
%»*hrs°ir i f i t srr^fg; I
^ f ^ n r r g j *rr*rcVrr?r-
^TiT^frr f f^ r ^ r r i f o n || ^
32 HYMNS FROM
H o \S q a 4 %
^ P ^ c t t ir - ^ r e N n ^ m ; I
srsri^r ^ " 5 ? f # n % .
ftzrr f?^rrJTw^rf|!i%t n v
f ^ k W f ^ T T ^T'TFfT
wm F^f ?f«Trrr^?RI: I
fl ^ ?*r^ F
^ **TT 7 $ f|l% II ^
?r ^ s I
^ > iM w 5 w r ^ ? 5 it -
q’^ R H ^ ^ jr p T f II vs»
*10 V9 *|o
^TRT<| f^TcT
* ra F ?F % ^ tpt ^rcrr 1
f W P # 3T fqwrr 5fR T f>T -
f ^ n r ^ T r Tiff II ^
f - f r g 'i'jfr m r a ^ fu r
^ p f 3 T ^ F f * r ff ^ r * m = I
arspr 3#r(%?f^?r^?rjT^i
w # r s r R K p ^ n ^ II \ °
«ro's N o. 24.
w fr fr ff^ r a p g *
fir zrc R c f h ?n&fr f ^ | t r I
sr ^ ff-#
rserr ^ b r j m w $ 4 II \
f ? r ^ n r r jr a r r ^ r 4 r ?r-
r f^ r h ^jr - I
{% ^ ^ r s j^ r
fr^r *T^f^ f *nrr qpr ^sr*r \\ ^
I # cf^ q f ^ ° t r ? ? ^ -
qf tfJT ff I
«
34 HYMNS FROM
JJO vs f| o 4.%
pr f § « f f°fr?r II 3.
f^T T lf 3TFT
^ a T rn t r5T<r^rj% ^rp-rjr I
* ct^t ^t=tr ?55
Q\
«■ ^ ^ r— f r -
S3r ^JT^rr §* f^rre: II v
^ f TV4TR rr^ rf t o %-
i f m j z t ^ p r r fnrfvr: I
3T^ *T^FT>|TT ^ c[ff
fs ir ? w *t ^ t ^ w s -jt || ^
* W ^T wfrT: ST
W 37fw% I
w c r r II ^
3? f ^ re t ^ % 5 | q ^ ? r -
° ? f f^ n ? I
/-
>. *\
i*\s %sr
3 p * r P * 3 T W 53T 3RT
ffc I
THE RIG-VED’A . 8-S
ffoVSe
T
v
5 0 CC
t - ^fr
^ 5 q'rcr ^f(%rrH- ^ II <
ho vs N o. 25. ^o
* ^ i°r r g W f
?r% ^ 5- I
?T I W r ^ f zrsnr
? f f q®f 1 ^ * 1 N \
sr^r H te r ? f 3 T ^ t jf ^t -
J?r% I
3?r * r | fr ? s V r f 7 T f
* ^ ^ r p T fr ^ r rf ^ i r I
3TP? 3IfTf
* ? f ^ ^ 1 1 ^
no wo
fis
&
35 i ^ fF T %
pF*f *t r ^ rw -
s m r Jjf ?r II <<
*r ^ r r c r ^ q r g ^ o f fq-^: *r-
^rernn% % I
*rr ?
^pvjj CIj r fast: g-i^TT ti s
m % ffcrfcr«f r e r ^ r
5?i^iTfiTr3r I
sitr ^??Rr sr&irf'tf-it-
^ r tt?t ^Efftcrnr: W w- 11 ^
*rr % w w ¥f tfs&lf I
xost ^ra- w m II \
2TFfT 3R--
sfirfr? ^ fro r^ ?h r% I
a rf^ ^ r ?ht ? vjjfr ^ q rn p r
JTr z? ft PH?: II ^
Ho V9 No. 27. ^o
c r - ^ r g ^ TTr^rrr f p r ^ r 4 tfrsjrqr I
g- % 3nhrPr«8^ II \
Ifrf ^ r t i f a m r f^rr3r#r
% ft crater ff^rw I
irti^ r ^ f w ^ ; II ^
38 HYMNS FROM
JTO ^ 0 5E| 0
% rr^ -
?r t % 3Tf^r wr^rr I
m sir: w -
;?P=T % T ?R rf: 11 ^
% ^ rr* r f f ft?
f?T I
^ fr v ^ ?sr%
j f t W r s r *t^ < t II v
jjo N o- 29.
^ ^~n ♦ *| «\| rs I
7 T R ?r«r ?^rrr fp f r?«r
f ^ t q -^ fn ^ ^ T T r r ^ I
t f ^ f r j 1 WITJT? 3 R R T
?*T TTSfR f i w II x
#r JTpj jfcnfr
^ f o r 'T H & r r i I
___ I *^1 I •'n.
w t - rirnrt 7 * f -
> r r 3fWRT*. ? ^ r i 375 w r-- 11 ^
| p ' # ^ ^ R ^ T f vJR-: I
THE RIG-VEDA. 39
*r® I® 3 ®
^ r f 4 |?rr-
*f*T3TP% ifcf^r || \
a rr^ T# rjcrfr
a r ^ N f^ » j r k : tr*?TP=h I
%qf f j f glRTT ?ffT^RT-
TTR #rrfrT% ^ R - II ^
TPTW
r I *vCI I ^_ „
^ ? : rjrTf: TT^: I
?»rr Trsfprr *? v *ir j ^ tt
®nf 4^rri% s V r ^ | ^ II vs
*r * h ? t ? faxTH; g ft-
40 HYMNS FROM
HO ^o ^ o
arfcr €n ? f% 4 ^rfrrrff-
5?j?f <Trf fr?r?r I
jrifr ^ r J T f g p r i r ^ II ^
*~x 1 ___ »\ ^ I
3 trt ?-7 g r^ s rr ^ R r
srf& r ^ r ^ r [prr I
sp-rr i fl f f '
SIH? 3T #^JTf? W -< T II \o
# r % ^r%r m T fa rrm
^grs^r •rrlnr^r I
grrvJTR? Tft ?rsr-
^ f f f c r ^te rr 3 R # r ^ r % ? II H
3TT*fW
sprer |# r ^ t r 3R r 3*3 |
r r r p * p 4 |?T% ^ r g
5 ^ fa rrr*r»T % f ||
g ir r ? # r # s ^ ft
? * rnr f f r r r fft -- I
THE KIG-VEDA. 41
in i w
II
|rHTg;fc-
V[ ^ pTS^ I
*r t r *PT-
f(W * T : ? # r # II v,v
# -?r: l|
fffsjr'psnfr
He No. 30.
? f 53^ :
*TSWST: I
^ hpt ff^ # f f -
?^ T % sw r^ rr
<>
II \
6
42 HYMNS FROM
J?e ?*©
2\ - ^
j? r r » r ? ^ # ? r R r
__ *~vj ,»N *\ 1 ||
^ ^ r r ^ ^ r f r r r II R
!P t r p p p t *rrf*rr-
'TrV'rsF^ N rw Hcrrf#
?r*r r ^ f ^ ^ r r f r -
^rfa II '<
?rFTff|Tro5^r^cr
r|fr^r srfa I
% 3fprr 3T?4ff'sam
II <<
frnrrr
??w N r?r I
f* N fr
tffaT p .if; 3TT^f^: || %
THE R1G-VEDA.
HO ‘*'.0
?t 55T 5 r f fq 3t$r-
3JRT*|W- |
aftr stamper
f ^ r r m 1fa 's % II ^
^f»frf ^ r ^ l T |
5THf?rH% W R s^r-
3T ?: fTRTf^ ^ftn t I
^ r r f a ^rffTT frcwr-
fr ^ n q k ^ n T II \
%\ ^ ^\| _ I |
? ^ ^pf!Tr?rr: |
u r ft f ^rrar ^ * r r -
^ r N p r 3T3[rf^: II
^f|rw s ^ r T ^ ^ r I
* p f r%*TTO s?jf
^rr sr^: Tr^r u '*A
44 HYMNS FBOM
w sw reft-
¥ ? ? r ? ^ : I
w fttft qt?r*T:
? ^ r ^ r s t st r r II v>.
ir^w f 5[m -
WtfV- ^ r 3T3TRFT I
K w rW w rW
jn'Hrengrsrprr II 'K\
^r«rr
rN *vT *v I__T .
srrem rw m ^ T rr I
?5^r W ? ^ : vr\r-
w % ^ rf 11 x v
^•.IfF?'n=PTRvT5'-
r% ; m *r*r-i: p m I
rp^rr^
'T>rff II XV
^ r fc r s F r r ^ r -
F r r i? ^ p r it« titp 3 T W ^ I
?r * rrrf*TR-: i w r t
m <$ w r^ m | ^ r- II * A
.t® q®
<#Nrr prr?pr: 1
fr fa % * r ^ F ifa f? T II \
jrRtgT?^rrqjrin^r II v
f f | - rr ; 7*=f | T ^ : |
|^% ?^r'TiFrf?r II ^
II ^
46 HYMNS *'KOM
I rx
f ? f t at
f fw ftrn^rrq’rRf^r II VK
II V I
i jf r ^ ? r t f r % T ^ -^ r f ^ n r r ^ p I
frf^ fn ^ T n rrR f?T II \ i
rf?°W T: =ET»Tf^!TF^r
H rT ^ 3TTrri TRR^T I
% ?PT#f ^ r f ^ r
__ 5^ 1 __ i || «v
f R ’^rr r "vtjt II ^
He f?o ^
^ t * r ^ rr*T § fa « r r II \
«r^ m r fr rf^ r r
?M r f* n r r ? f r ? t I
^ ^ rrr: ^Tf
___ ^ 1 ^\ __ I __ ______ I
^ ^s>__ *, |v
?^r fiw nre*r 11 *
% # r§ * r ^r | « f r
ZR ^ F f 'T srpfT: I
% ^FcTrr% T ^ tr f?*TR :
? K # r ?^ rr?T § i w II c*,
4 3TW^r rRcTW^
s i A ^ N r r j t ^ ^ t t^ ftr I
w fa g j 3 -f^ r n w rr?
| ctrt fr % G r r ^ II ^
5 m r f.> ^ i^
c -
r f r f t ^ F— T F —
^-
s ir # w r r ^ ^ r fn fjir ^ I
I^ T ^ f ^ F R ’^ r r ^ g R - .
5 R -# r f r w f s f a * r II ^
s ? f% i? r T r R i f ^ r r j T & r ^ s r -
P 5 ^w k r
48 HYMNS FROM
jje ^0 ^ 0
% I * n-^ srr^rt-
^ ft^ t |g-pqf f f w f^ w li 6
*rr ft#f33rf5?rr q -:
qr 3 j it# ststft I
f |’c f r ^ ^ [
p r o fr ^ r r II <<
!R t qrT% T#3TriT || \ o
n« N o. 33. ?p
W T ffT % ?% ?T I
3?f- fr * -
^ffFr^Tjfr ^rfJTfMfHr II X
t m r r r f^ # f ^ r -
^ ffc T >f*TW |
s t f 7 W ? ?t%W ff^ r fa r
JT© ^o;go
Tr^r f ir ^ n - ^ jrrr
s m r 5% ? rrc r^ I
rrr *rr V ir
Hfjrp-Tprf || ^
*rar # #r ffr ^ r r^
«rt qr f 3 j% ^ rF rq ; I
«TT ?T 7 7 f^HTFrT
wRr ^ t «ri%5f ?r ^rr% || v
ffr #3T 0-
•1 v » s fx) |*\ r\ i
rrr^qTH’*. I
^r»T% r j r f ^ f-% %
cf a$n®f rf^ iY ^ ||
*?£ p r o v4fTT rR rn t
srprt% ^ R f f= ? ? r s I
3RPT fJT# frofr-
^ r N r^ r II ^
# r j r r f a ^ m j-
^5? I
?rfr f% jr r | H fn rrf r%-
w far% <T ^'prrrfrr II vs
50 HYMNS FROM TIIE RIG-VEDA.
jjo t® *|©
s r ff jt ^rf-
w b r rR r W I
Tfr fl^rr ^ rr jf a -
no \o No. 34. q?
?w * t f r q- jfrrr: I
crrf^t w t * f^r-
j^ r ^ t Tr^rr II ^
3Fcri?% ?prfwrfpifrr%
^r r w ^rgjTf :I
awr w r sp-m ^r ^ r n r r
m ^ arr sr*j?r II ^
^prrr |=rRf >pR ^ *i*r
W p f ^fTR 5^ f 5?: I
%<?r f ^ r 5T p r
?r& wrrrr^r ?nrrr ™ II v
II.
n s r o T iE S -
No. 1.
M andala L SOk ta 19,
Sa y a n a :
?r?Hl ffrfta ^jfr* \^ r ^ s ^ O 1 iw ^Tgnrofr
^™?mrF<TmfiT I^r€Kt#r 1avr ^ i?$-
^Ri%: ^ncrfr TOir *ri% T O w tffe arm ^prrefir
( As'valayana Srauta Sutra ii, 13, 1 and 2 ) | ?rrHrfr
\\
N ote :
The hym n is the second in the fifth auuvaka o f the first mandala.
(F o r the tw o-fold division o f the R igveda, see W eber’ s H istory o f Indian
Literature, p. 3 1 .) The rishi and metre o f the hym n are “ the same
as before,’ ' that is, th e same as those of hym ns N os. 18 to 18 of this
mandala. T h e rishi is M edhatithi Kanva : and the metre is Gayatri.
There remains the question as to the god or gods in whose honour the
hymn is sung. A s to that Sayana quotes the Anukram anika o f K a ty a -
yana, where the rishi, metre and g od of every hym n of the R igveda
are given in order, the hymns being cited, as here, b y their first words.
Sayana's last general note on the hym n has reference fco the ritual.
This R ik, with one other ( p r 3 # ^f^fPT: Rigveda, v., 60, 1), is
used at the K ariri sacrifice, a prayer for rain.
[T h e hym n is translated with notes in “ V ed ic H ym n s,” Part l>
(Sacred Books o f the E a st).]
Verse 1-
P adapath a:
jtffr * f ^ r I^ ftw .
srr ?rrf II X
S ayana :
11 aiit % ar?r: ^rr^:
n'lw: <nmtvr
^ i »rsr% h? srniif smT^gr1
sqr^rrar i « m% €r>rTHra sr§5% *nw wre =
( Nirukta x, 36) I | p rcra W ^ T t T: I ssj | npjnfFTPr
(Panini vii, 2, 102) | I^ I | € H 5 T H ^ fr??irflrrr 3j°r
(U nadisutra i, 3) I 9TfT S'TOT^n’ f f ^ : I f^T*rr?r*J?rTl: |nR'H Tra I
«rnr>fpn^T«Tr ifir (Unadisflti-a ii, 9) i srfa
Rt'irrl^T: II
54 NOTES. No. I.
N otes :
Vers© 2.
P a DApXt IIA :
3TT T[pf 11 ^
Sayana :
1. ^Tfr rpSTHT (%5- ‘ They who know of the great sky, they who live
in the great sky.* W ith regard to the w ord J^S[: it is clear that Sayana
here, as elsewhere, selects out o f the variety o f meanings presented by
Yiiska, the one which seems to him to suit the context best. His pre
sent explanation is unsatisfactory, if for no other reason, on account o f
the necessity of supplying some such w ord as . The meaning
preferred is that which Sayana has already him self appropriately
selected in his commentary for *3f: occurring in the same context.
L 1.9. NOTES. 57
2* ifrpfl’** The oMer form of- the termination. [W hitney, para. 329
a .] Both form s are freely used together. Compare in the next verse
OTf: and 3T*fpJ£r*r:. “ The appellation f%^r.^TT:, all gods together, or,
m ore properly, host-gods, is often applied to the M a ru ts; cf. i, 23, 8«;
10 . Benfey conn ects this Kne with the preceding verse, considering
it seems, inappropriate as an epithet o f the Maruts.**— M ax
M uller. B enfey's translation is in his Journal ‘ Orient und Occident,*
Band I, p. 27. H e supplies from the previous verse ‘ are n ot above
thy m i g h t / But the construction here m ust be the same as in the
verses o f a similar kind which follow.
Verse 4.
P adapatha :
% T<m : ^rsfcrrl
3TTT 3TT Trf? II v
S a y a NA :
Verse 5*
P a d a p A' t h a i-
; : .. % *fMT: I H^crsfvh
Si;YANA : .
3 5ra?^3°rr^?rr?lfef|rft?aF^t:
^ x>a * i ^rar
>d ?fo>T»ir*rr: uStrrfcn
3W T W : I ^tWT-fmr: I f^THHT: f|ft5TT5jr I m-
W »T»T?m 7RrTB Ig«r> I w rfw -
^r^'r^rr ^d°rrf|^r i i i <trt srqt «nmr. i srs-
s t # sfTf5rfrm?^fq51 g^nmr: I srssftsf
^ 5 1 s?psr?TTr g j ^ ^ N i s r 5 ^ >r?i% I
fWNr f?^ffrr fr?rr *TR?-?m?r Rsrr^ i ft^ -
?r^*r |^■|rT»;q-fTfr^f^,3r 0 T* HtT^TH II
N o t e s:
Verse 6 .
P A DA PATH A :
% ftfsr’^rrcr: srrcfr |
3?sr 3?r n r f n ^
S ayana :
% H^fr sprr%
'fltamHT wra* i i srr^r i ^
rT^fl'TvrriTrT *S5T?ff fT^T I*T3T?RTHR) ?% «T3?rT-
wst: i H^Prr ^sr ( Pa?; vi, s, 73) ff% whft ^ ;rar*T'Tntnirfr-
=rr ( PS?, vi, 3,75 ) i 5 w i jT O f -
( pan. vi, 2, 2, ) I SPTfRrRT^t f^fT
^ c ^ tiR r tr e f fiht i 3tRrts? i 3<ra*T!Tra^ra?r mnm i
I frifr 5J3^T%rIV ( Pan. iii, 2,149) If%PTf^f-rr-
^ '• 7 ? i W*r i 1 Isrrwmrgrrr^-
i smreir i ^ra 5qtsr*r i ^^rrrr^msm^ i smw: i srfs-
I5TT W'ft ^ 5 1 3tJrr«ft*Tf'
5T FPWT: II
I . 19. NOTES. 61
N ote :
Verse 7.
P a DA PAT h a :
SRT 3TT J if f II VS
Sayana :
* T h ou , Indra, hast cut this great broad clou d to pieces with thy
ligh tn in g.’ . . .
■j- Tin passages oited are i, 19, 7; i, 1-59, 4; v, 55, 5j v, 73, 8; vi, 58, 3; viii,
10, 1, viii, 54, 2; viii, 86, 5; x, 114,4, .. ‘
I': 1C' n o t e s ;' 63
Verse 8.
P A DA PAT HA :
3?r ^ F rf I W ^ sfifc
sir J fft II <
SAy a S a :
Verse 9.
P A DA PAT H A :
Sayana:
N ote :
No. 2.
M andala I , SO kta 25.
S 3YANA:
Verse 1.
PADAPATHA:
1. Construe this verse with the one following. Say ana’ s construc
tion is w rong.
2. *T. For the position o f this word see note 4 on N o . 1, verse 1.
Verse 2.
P adapatha :
J T f ?T: r lr f f c f R * ? ? f ( T *:• I H T
!l ^
S aYANA :
m \tspt i.^rer
m 'rr^rr^r^r^: i i
fT fP f^ r TfcT ( IJ a . iii, 3 0 ) \
l f^rr f I I ^
I *r i fc r r ^ i g°r?^ i
N otes : ■
Verse 3.
P a DAP a t H A ;
jfr-.sfvr. Hprfir II ^
Sa y a n a :
Verse 4.
P adapatha:
S ay a n a :
N otes:
Verse 5.
P adapatha:
swsf^nfc?; ^ r r ? f .1
T ^ s ^ jg -fT ||
SAYANa :
^ arra^R? aiRtFSfpfrspra m -
'rr«r i ^Irf^ra; i srFs^f^f *rt w|frr
sm ’sispT i ar^rrrr i r^K r^rf^rr
i *>*1. i ^ttnre^i^T aTrsrer^: i siOTifc
=T7J ^85#5f7 ra w (O n. iv, 232) I K T f^H f-
5*s*rrsjr^rpn^ II
£N otes :
2. The usual sense of man, hero will do. The fanciful, etym olo
gical and unusual senses that Sayana is so fond of giving o f this
word and o f words like ^ ( N o. 1, v. G, &c. ) and need n ot be
accepted.]
Verse 6.
P a d a p At h a :
11 ^
S ayana :
3T5T«r ^ ir p r r a sfttc-
Verse 7.
P a DA PAT HA :
1. *^r- N ote that the Pada text writes ifc, which is the reading
also of the Sam hita text in three out o f the six places in which the
w ord occurs in this and the tw o follow in g verses. In the otheT
three places the Samhita text has the long vowel ; the Pada text
always writiug * 3[. Compare W h itn ey , para. 2 4 8 : “ In the Veda the
final vow el of a word— generally a, much less often i and u— is iu
a large num ber of cases prolonged. Usually the prolongation takes
place where it is favoured by the metre, but sometimes even where the
metre opposes the ch an ge.”
Verse 8.
P a d a pa th a :
wren v ? r ^ r f; I n - gressrr-
I! <T
Sayana :
N otes :
3. shn- *r 3rq’3TR%. ‘ And knows the month that is born to them, born
alongside of th em .’ This is the intercalary m onth added from time
to time to bring the lunar year into accordance with the solar year.
I. ‘25. NOTES. 71
Verse 9-
P A D A PAT HA :
S 3 ir ^ % \\ *<
Sayana :
s j r s ^ f srsNfarer frrrfr
*TT»f i ^ ° r r wrrtrf^ i % ^ r a r ^ m m ftprrc' t f sTr^PT i
^nr^T i *aTRr?tfhsrri^rr r r f ^ J i r ^ ^ r ? r s f f 1 i
t w ff’T ff it ^■R 5T5?f?Trf% 7rTT^ftT^iI-
'?r?r:? r w frs.-?nrrTr^ s r r a ^ f a r r T ^ (Pan. vi,
1, 1 6 0 )1 «'^T: l f^TfS#^T¥rH ?tRf% [% 1 9*VStraft I
^ T ^ r r g s K ^ ^ ?rfff s t r ^ r 11
[N ote :
Verse 10
P a DA PAT H A :
Rr w \
II \ 9
S atan a :
Verse 11-
P a da path a :
II XX
Sayana :
i <rf ^ q r ftr rr ^ i = ^ r -
* r ^ r f? r 53 : q t ^ ^ r p r 1 trrfa
: l ST^rfT I S ^ fa r% I
(Pan. viiT 1 ,7 2 ) %fi* spr I I f^ f^ T R L I sTf^ t f§ET: *Ff-
i ^ ^ ^ ^ r?^ p T T R - i 1s ^ r j-
sTrf^^r^xyfr ^r'trTTSFS i i < r^ r t* n » I
(Pan. iii, 4, 14) fRT 3Tfr?fcc^[ I
c<pt 1 t- II
N otes:
does not seem to be any real difficulty, much less any ground either
for altering 3T£<TT, or for attaching to the word a peculiar meaning.
Varuna sits down on his heavenly throne. W on d rou s is the sight
spread out before him, including as it does all the past and all the
future (frlT R m ^ ^ * r).
4. The Samhita text show s a peculiar V ed ic samdhi.
The student knows that final 3jffT before any vowel or sonant con
sonant loses its the hiatus w ith a follow ing vowel being allowed to
remain. In the Rigveda final 3TPI before a follow ing vowel is written
In the great num ber o f such cases 3JT?r stands for an original
arpw- The nasalized vowel -j-tf is treated before a follow in g vowel
as the simple vowel + *T always is. T h e correctness o f this explana- •
tion is vouched for by the accusative where the e , of w hich
this peculiar V edic samdhi is the sole survival in the nominative case,
has com e dow n to the classical language.
5- 3FT^r (pronounce kar-tu-a). For the termination see note above
on is the accusative plural neuter o f the verbal [adjective
in having the sense o f the potential passive participle].
Verse 12.
P adapatha:
II ^ II
S aya na :
1 s m r# ?r ( Pan. v, 4 ,6 9 )
I 3 T 5 ^ 5 I^ tT ^ g fr f^ C Slit
\ STT^r^r: ( Pan. vii, 1, 39 ) |
m w ct i i i
^ fm lr i s r r s jfr ^ * h ?jrt ( Pan. vi, 2,
1 1 9) i 1 ^ iw ^ r%
N otes :
[ On the use and formation o f the Subj. see W h itn ey, paras. 575,
533 a, 557-9, 560 a and e, 562-3, 587 and also 614, & c.f 808, &c.,
835, & c.]
Verse 13.
P a d m *a t h a :
? lP r r r g -^ o r : ^ fa : 1 7 $
II
S ayana:
§r[fr $& s r c n f t t o t
i *i^fr f^ w tffc rr *$.*%-. qftPrWf* R ^ ^ r-i
f t * * l f^T?f: STrTit iTTHTOfpBBTfftfit spPTnP (P an . vii, 1, 78) I BT>-^rTr-
^Rrrtftc^r^-fTTrcqr?? i srrfq-* i sr w i ^tTIt
qT'T^frrW sTr?: 3 7 ^ * 1 R ^ r r ^ r r ( P a n - vii, 3, soi a r h r -
tives.” W h itn ey (1st E dn .), para. 587. Ifc is probable that the augment,
like the term ination, was originally a distinct w ork, whose presence in
the sentence was n ot essential to the conveying of the sense o f time past.
A ls o W h itn ey (1st E dn.), para. 5 6 3 :— “ Besides the proper sub
junctive, with mode-sign, in its triple form — with primary, with
strengthened prim arv, and with secondary endings, there is in the
older language another, without m ode-sign and with secondary
endings, or in all respects coinciding with the form s of an augment-
tense (im perfect or aorist) save for the absence of the augment.
Subjunctives of this character are frequent in the Rigveda, decidedly
less common in later V ed ic and very little used in the Brahmanas,
except after tr prohibitive— after w hich they stand also in the later
language.”
F rom the double use o f these augmentless past forms in the V e d a
it is impossible to decide from the form alone, whether a particular
word is to be translated as a past indicative or as a subjunctive.
This is the case, for example, w ith ^ in verse 18 o f this hym n,
which, as far as the form goes, raay mean either ‘ I saw just now ’ or
4 may I see.’
3. filf&FspT- This word occurs n ot infrequently *( twelve times ) .
Sayana generally explains it by A comparison o f the passages
seems to show that it means an ornament or an adorned robe, and
that meaning suits our passage better than Sayana’s explanation, F or
means ‘ he has put o n ’ , nat 4he is coverin g.’
4. qK ‘ His spies sit dow n around.’ Sayaiia’ s mistake
is am azing when we consider how com m on in the Rigveda is the
conception o f Varuna’ s spies or messengers. Compare, for example,
Vii, 87, 3, Sayana,
^ r-c T W T: w :.
Verse 14.
P adapatha:
? r r r R -c g -j^ r r r | c * p r - p k ; | ^
^rf*Ts»rirgRTi II
S ayana :
i ^ P F c t^ n ^ r s^ n r- ( Pan. vii, 2 *
49 ) i ( Pan. i, 2, l o ) fc ^ s r ^ r m r N c r n ^ R : f^r-
T ^ rrf^ f^RT w c r c T ^ T T 5 R m ^ ^ n :: i (P a n . vii, 4, 56) i sTRft<rrr%%
^ R : I * q ^ r * p r > 3 F T ^ r : ( Pan. vii, 2, 37 ) I 3T3T £ t fP -3 T T ^ r ^ * lT -
(Pan. vii, 4, 58 ) \fpT: f a ^ n ^ r r ^ I fifcFV W fT F ^ n ^ s ii^ T
* R r F T T ^rr?r^ ?or r g 'f r T T ^ i * s w * T r ? f ^ T c T : i F ^ r : i
S : ( Pan. iii, 2, 168*) I 3THTOCT: I f i f F T t f f
i 3 T ^ * r fa sRr frR<T i * * * * * * rt ^t t s ^t ^ ^ n j-
* * * ° r n p r T n * * II
N otes :
m *T T 5 ^ 5 srr w - 3 t w « t 3 tt I ^ ^ r r ^ r r
srr II V <
S ayana:
. 3#r ^ ^ > n 5^ 3 arr ^ t *r *re°r:
^vT<5srr H#tT STfTTft «<£T ^ 5T 3 •=®sT I f^<?<im »?PK 33?$
a?r i i ^ r s fn r r e s z m r ^ K ^ (Pan. iv, 1 ,1 6 1 ) i
i i i i h s * '-
fif'TIrTPTTfWRr ^^*15 ( Pao. vi, 2, 2, 1. ) I
I v ra fR - i ^ f c s i s f f fTr% rsr<^ jf T ^ r ^ T r r r T v ( Un.
v., 1 9 ) i fat&xx i ll
N otes :
Verse 16.
P adapatha :
Sayana :
Verse 17.
PADAPATnA :
^ 5 f r ' f r a t $ s p 5 ? f : *r *rvi | fr ? r r w
ZrtZW P R T * ||
7S NOTES. No. 2.
SAy a n a :
*mr *t i r s s f m n f trwf
^ T r f^ r ^ i 5T?r- ^ r r ar r - 't m fsm wfa- m^r s w i % I 'p r -
^ ^ r r w c p g - f h h M ' a fh r a ? *r ? sr^ pt ?rf?r R rq?r^7 ?ff-
v i m i ^ N t ^ I i ^rT«r ? t f w ^flF f f r i sr e m n r a S fir % t ? r -
I W’W i i ul: I 5<<«(3 h 2i^if*{. I *141 rtli IJT ^SP rfsF l
w r f’t a s p r r t ^ * t s t p p p u I II
N otes :
Verse 18.
P a DAP.VJHA :
W P tt: II \<
S ayana :
PTMisfa i
tfrfa wro'r wft i>r?rr T « f-
*mrr % Prct ^ r « t i ; ^ °r: 3f%«?rrer i i f* r : ? fe t r *rr
(Pau. iii, 1, 57)*fiT I (Pan. vii, 4, 10) ?{% *J°T: I
I (Uu. iii, 1, 10) I
I. 25. NOTES. 79
N otes :
Verse 19.
P adapath a j
II
S ayana :
K otes :
1. yf^r. For the lengthening of the final vowel in the Sam hita text
see note 1 on verse 7, and compare 3T*T in this verse. In the next verse,
it will be noticed, %j$r occurs w ith the short vow el in the Samhita text.
Verse 20-
P adatatha :
srf^f II v
S av an a :
% «g * N rc n ft qw **r-
SGW ^rimr ^ n*rr% i *r <rr$st&i *r*tf^T $ r * m -
t f^ w * r h c t iffn w : I
m - l 3 ?r !-^ r* r ft? T r ra*ir i t* i *%&&%*&*$ 'rfecr* I
3TRfr ^RfrTccinrrrr ?i% ^r*Tr?>Tr*rr*rar ^ t t f f a ^ c^ ^ rerrc-
t%T - 1 TfrTTftfTTr^rcT R r ^ ^ ^ T T c ^ 1 gr*rfa 1 ^r j t t t t i srrar *tpt-
fR T v ra r i f^ r ^ r ^ f T T T c ^ 1 ’g f a I ^ 5 II
N otes :
Verse 21.
P a d APATHA :
ffF ? f t q r s K m g q -^ |tt| ^
3W # # # II h \
S ayana :
N ote :
The Vedic infinitive in ase is the exact parallel of the Latin infi
nitive in are, the r in which is a mere euphonic change for s between
two vowels of the same* character as that, for example,, in. gen us,, gen *
generis.
No. 3.
MAtfDALA I. StfKTA 115*
S at \sa :
m jf i *p it ’^ w r -
1f ^ r i sttPw s t w w afr?n r^ % #ratr% *ra--
i g jt f w f t a i i ^ i ra# ^ rt »w r i
^ ; ’Eira^r 'rott'T rjfr^ r^ t^ rs^ t ^ P T r g w r ^ r : i ^
T r r s ’crrrerateif 15r?ir ^ ^Pnr?r i r ^ r t ^ r m ^ r fs r t e r r 't fr r q-^r sr
tr>>rf =fr srg r ?fir (A iva l. iii, 8) i arf?r*rp«rr»s^ ir?
>T7isr ^ w s f o fit 'f i'S n r l.^ p n r n
^ r e n i ^ w w r .yRr ( a !™ i . ix, 8 ) u
Verse 1.
Padapatha:
N jt Iw n ip r ^ ajijrcr Pnretr
13TT 3 T ? P iffa ^ T :
SnW : ^ |l.
S ayana :
V nw i I ^r^fNr ft sr:
i I g cKrcisR w -
ii
82 NOTES.
Verse 2.
PA D APlTH A :
H f »t u ^
S aY A N A :
?Rntg°r3^r #^Tprrgpra
* t ^ i % t r n r f ? r « f : i *raff *t i *p tt
SfT>T;TtTsm »r®3r55ff f e r a ^ < r ? r 'if iT := s r? r n f s i
frrsjT «fm*TTT ^ w an rC T storo * v r o i r ; J 3 -
I; u s . NOTES- 83
N ote :
Verse 3.
P adapatHa :
sr o n ff^ T : <T?TS**P
§rer: 11 *
Sayana 1
Vers©
P adapatha :
srrcr: ?Pf?t f^ ir ^ r II *
S ayana :
w f e r q$ik8fiv.!iife*aK q w ? i * fS « r
w ^t ^ i i ?r?^<nf: Isffarfag i
^°fr *wit *n# 3T<rft*renr <tt ?r-
f%<ra ^ c i f h i Tf?»nrTR!>if?f 4 | ^ g g j : # 3t>rrr| s i w -
Wi^nr^r^saTO?^ I sjtfsRtv sfrmfaRW^r «n=rf
*£§ \%[ l f'f«a wrer*** *fF?(tr^ sfrwrfat I ^ i
^ q%j5r mt^R =srr^s^ i s*Pr ^ l i «it?r
^Ppw^r ?rcf°fR>qr^r *r>rwR*r-
f?unrr?FtT?<TTr*T^rsr^rrfr?nirfTTr i ^ * n r i * * r g f* p
%s<?rfa p n p f * 5 s * : i w t?»ft4 ^ T s ^ T ?rcrcqj?t i *r?
R u ra 'i^ * n re ff m - fr w r ^ r r i srr^ ra^ * n ft ft?rr wrcr
arr^Tfi'Sff <w i¥R?# i fa«ras?: i *rsr*?i*r ^g«rf i
^ foearrofir I «tfr ^rar *ra*?r?: I
? t> jw 3 % i s tw R t ^ r i j . i u f c j ? t a r fn ^ rf^ r ^ f* > -
*rni°rmi f w ?ff?*nT *rr I
STCTT’f t I R l» W 1*I*rW ?W 3<W ft (N irukta IV., 11 ) |
i»r? <£«rat; •sfHrf^r r=>n*ra--1aw Hr^ra?ir I>TMjri ns*r
wri ¥f^r; i «s# I 3ret%*r°iTf^^r?j-
;sir?t^: i fa<rag i R'prrnfi^- 3>Hi®t Prer i ^pr?ara ftr resr-
rw n rei 1 f f a *i%= J f f > r % ^ ? 5 • s p h c i
?q?TH ?<% Isra^fr 15 ^3 ?^ srsf j£T?ftt%r%*tr ^rr i ^vrerr? i
* tjt3 3Pn*i*n • * m r c s « r a t5 S F ? * ftR r i
*T#HmRrmT i ?:r5rr i nt*jrsrarffi% 3=15 II .
]. N ir. Edn.
NOTES. No, Z.
N otes :
work of all kind is laid asicje so soon as the sun reaches the west.
Grassmann follow s R oth . Ludw ig doubts whether f^rfcT can mean
labour, and prefers to refer that w ord to *rf?csr. “ This is Surya's
godhead, this his greatness: but that widespread greatness he has*
after bringing it iuto our midst, again rolled together.” Ludwig,
therefore refers to Surya. B u t this is not, as L u dw ig con
tends it is, Sayana’s way of taking the clause. Sayana clearly refers
JTWTr ^rS|: to the works of m en: and his words are
part of the explanation of the passage, not, as L udw ig urges, a
mere illustration.
Verse 5.
P adapatha :
?t?t frr-rer £ r-
| 3 T T -c T f f ^ ? r ^ f a r 3 T * g - t r r s f: p p r ^ r
fftr P ^rsr K J ^ T || ^
S ayana :
Verse 6 .
P a d a p At h a : ............................
a?ST \m : T fr s ^ T 3 * = ^ : fc | c T 3*'
1.143. NOTEJS, 89
N otes :
No. 4.
M a n d a la I. SO kta 145.
Sayan a :
jt CTrfcl^fnma.1 wr i w ?r^i#R?r-
s r ir a .? i * ^ n ^ ’rrrtffrrR« Tfts-'Tr^rTtff^rr i arwwr'
f ^ q [ i f i is if t Na s r e n f o r r e a r r a n ^ : i ^Tr r%%-
i s r f i r m a n fim n f# w ft ^ sn r^ r
12
90 .NOTES. No. 4.
$ 5 # ^ I ^ tp t w ? r ?t: g r g 's r ^ : ? f fn rr
if^ r r c ; r 3 t ^ ? t w r tw z r: II \
S ayana :
r f^ m r r f r o t f K < ftr i^ w ^ fW 3 : »
I g H 3 ^ :r ? 3 T % (Pan. vi., 4,154) STFf^r
f^RpTrq-: i **mfr wm sro*
^ T r i ^ r ^ < w ° ir *rf% m \sft^ v r a r ir a i *-
psw i ^rnr^qf ^rrr^r rrrat i ars* sfrsnfr
^ r f a f ^ ? R c<fc?pT i arqr <rranRr I r ^ r r f ^ q H
* pt i <r*rr f w sh rr * ^ rffa p rer nmrf^fr * r rr^r Cr f ^ ^ : i *fr-
fasfrr^PT: 5TT?T^T^: 5T n ra?R *R 3: %TT^°Tr^r SRJRpS^rFff-
*ri^r Rrrcr *rr?R II
N otes :
Verse 2.
P a d a p a t ih a :
I srer ? s | -v r ^ fr s r p r r it ^ trt
£r*nfr ?T?r II ^
S a y a Na :
f ^ r m r ?frP?: « m r s m l ^ i *i*% s f r f ^ -
s f > g r ? ^ : i f j s ^ r w ^ r s r P r e m ^ n t ^rr ^Trs^tr I q-^%=T * tr * P w R r -
®trim {t II
N otes :
Verse 3.
P A D A rif ha :
1 *TTS^ W - 3TfrT
3 T ^ cT : || ^
S ayANA :
i a rw ftR i r r fw ? r m a i n w w js if w n ^ i
jp r » tn a r g : srn y^p K N r 5t»t-- arfsr s r r a ^ * ^ ftr ^ r r : *apf*rm r:
*rt^r s ^ r a ^ : s m « s t r : ^ ^ t r n r ^ m J W : a r f w w : saw (jmSKr*T par
ser !T SfrwTSff ^rg TTyiPfS 5T ^PSf^rf ^ ^TcSJ?fT *Tt^: I ^ 5 t *ST®fr \SJ^f-
^ r : i » T r ^ « s r >rt <pr ^ r n* Rrw j^r ?r
i % ? w r ^sT^T^fr^r «ir fi» * re r s r g n t i^ jptfrctstr*^ are?r-
*<tr *5twr ? T f « r ^ ? f r R n f t r ,fif?rer,rf fr tf^ rr ^3r*% <-k *<t*?t
S q fff^ -S fffr^ : II
N otes :
* Roth cites tw i passages for this meaning and use of ^TfrT i, 141,13, 3THI
^ qSRPTT ^ fa r ^ Bayana, f a f * ^ # 7 ^
q?JT <155* Both apparently took as the geni-
t.iv of But subsequently he cites our passage under *[T:» returning to
SAyana’s erplanation of the word. In the other pasFage note that S&yana
explains as he does here, r, 75, 1 ^ ^FTf: V "IRr?r
Sayana, rtf ft :* -
I w-x to
I. 143. NOTES. 95
Verse 4,
P a DA PAT IIA :
q jT ^ r 4 n r > *rl?s*?r:
Verse 5-
F adapatha :
W I fc r m r T : ^
W- ^ Pr II ^
S ayana :
»=^r i I su r I fe n ir a ’ i
* i«n ^ V r * re 7 w ?tsh i *rcrr f?s?tr * T h r ift
? rfH i f f ? q r > n - $ r a f t f t r t « * r c r ir r % iftT ^ ftfs ra ;
i ?5%; a?f% a m f t :-
TrfSRr H s n ift i ffu r H ffir f^rsn^r i h# fta r a n i i h4 % -
T r r r ^ f f l l ^ ? i c*tfTnTlr^r^f5fii^TO'r i <nr
fCT^ti: i «fNt *t *gr i *r *tot frff^r f%^r
^=rr *p rrt% f^ n w « ? n r f*rerer s r a n r a m tfiiW h »
m w ’z *rerr*nRr?fit «fr ^ r : n
N otes :
Ver&e 6.
p A D A P A ’pBA;
^ s s r r f N f i^ frir aj^rr r w j f r || \
S ayana ?
*fh. JfTRfaRr
1 w ?K ?3«rsr*re: I i 3-*w?*r<r5raT*r%w
*f I ?rar ^ p r N ft r a r ^nfar ^ w R ? 2 r r ^ g f a ? f a f a f R * R :
j^ ^ 3 T f^ r w < R ,3 T m 5 T s n r r r w i arpprasnrFhr
*RR I f°frtw si^rJT «it i 13**mr?r-
t<^>=f5rar= ^ r r r ^ p rra n -
I ^fsr: W T ^ I g-FTH : 3J<*: * ’^ : T StN trM '
fW sn ^ tr *r®r
d W f a n f ; 11
N otes :
1* A n interrogative particle.
3. 3Tfla> Third pers. sing, su b j. See W h itn ey, para. 562. This is
the usual construction with 5 H r[, after which also the verb, as here,
usually retains its accent. Com pare in the next clauses
tftfgqitT in. the third clause, on the other h an d, is an optative o f th e
perfect stem. S ee W hifcney, pg-ra. §12 a. » ;
Verse 7-
P a d a p a Tha :
f r r ^ ^ r *nr-
s p j/ v i ^ rssW r^
3^ ^ fftT 5*. ?M r M n II vs
SAyana :
sjwsi# * i *i*r i s-
s^ rsP r?^ : i ?■■
%r*s% «r?i%^r?^nrf?r n r# *r tffctffcr h P w t * : ? ^ 'fa r 'T p r = ^rsr^r
sT*mrcf*t I ^ t i m - w p ^ nrw r i ; ^ pt = g i^ ^ c p s f jn ^ : i a r ^ s i r p s n r
fa w tfa cra irsT p s ^ w w p r f f * *rr i sk^ sf^ t : i fa f«r g
* fr ts rrtt^ i ^ «rg r w * r sren ffar jrerr jn n rffprstjrr
^ r r " f r Pr*fer sn rra trffrff sft4 ? r a j ^ r e t 1^ S f » i « r » r « i : 1
ftr cj s w m r n 1 l ^r«ftf?r ftsrprg 7 ^ 5 . n
N otes:
* v. I.
I. 143. NOTES. 9f)
Verse 8.
P adapatha :
N otE S t ' ‘
1. f^rf*T: • “ The instrumental plural (of stems masculine and neuter
in a) eads later always in ais; but in th e Veda is found abundantly
the more normal form ebbis.” W h itn ey , para. 329 d.
No. 5.
M andala I. SO k ta 154.
SlYANA :
*3°% q P ln H I T T T ? R T ( A s v ., vii,
9 ) I<r*ir yftrrf^r arr^rcrwrHi
<TT<f i
^ ^rM rr (A sv., yi, 7 ) I W flftm ira rW 9TTW
R A g v t ii | s**r i fa «°rr3 ^ r a ffr s r fr ^ < p g
H l3 * rfa ?ffa ( A sv., v , 20 ) II
[N o tes:
Verse I.
P a d a p ATHA:
ft^ r : 5 ^ C r * t f p r *r fp ?* * w- Trffcrfpr f t 3^
f^ s jT R T : \\ %
SAy a n a :
N otes :
Verse 2.
PADAPAfHAi
*T ?T?r f ^ T : I|TT: f l R -: P f-
JW
«V r>*vr^ ^
ffir t x <rft<*[:<spra Cra%rt
Aav. vi, 7) |>ir5r^#rrf5TM«(srMfra i
5n«r >r ( Asy. ix, 9 ) |
NOTESt
Vers© 3.
pDAPAJHA;
^ jy r n jp iT n T r ^ fs ft I
II %
S ayana :
Verse 4.
P a d a p At h a :
f t | ffr r r ^ r r ? ? r R r I
«r*. ^
(W II v
SA y ANA :
In ix, 103, 5; vi, 2, 8 ; viii. 32, 6 ; x, 129, 5; ix, 86, 10, Roth
takes the word to mean accustomed place, home ( Gr. rj6o$ ). A
third meaning of the word according to Roth is, usual condition,
comfort, well-being, contentment. He cites three passages, vii, 89
* “ Svadh&, literally one’ s own place, afterwards, one’s own nature. It was
a great triumph for the science of comparative philology that, long before the
existence of such a word as svadh£ in Sanskrit was known, it should have
baen postulated by Professor Benfey in his Griechisches W urzel-lexicon.pub
lished in 1839, and in the Appendix of 1842, Svadh& was known, it is true,
in the ordinary Sanskrit, bat there it only occurred as an exclamation used on
presenting an oblation to the manes. It was also explained, to mean food
offered to deceased ancestors, or to he the name of a personification of Maya or
worldly illusion, or of a nymph. Bat Professor Benfey, with great ingenuity,
postulated for Sanskrit a noun svadh&, as corresponding to the Greek e£o?and
the German sitte, 0 . H. G. sit-u. Gothic sid-u. The noun svadh& has since been
discovered in the Veda, where itoocu rs very frequently ; and its true meaning
in many passages where native tradition had entirely misunderstood it has
really been restored by means of its etymological identification with the
Greek cCos or rjOos ”
L 154. NOTES, 107
N otes :
^rrf arPrfNr
TSrnPtSP II
€* I have found the gracious Fathers, the children and the highest
step of Vishnu: come gladly to us, oh ye who sit on the grass strewn
for you, and drink at pleasure the sweet draught/’
But may refer rather to the tie between the god and his
worshipper. ‘ Verily such is the brotherhood of Vishnu, etc., scil.
that I too may hope to win there.’ Compare the first of the passages
cited by Roth under that meaning o f vii, 72, 2, JPftft
ftsqrfor ^nrT 3 -^ cT rT^*T where must be taken in a sense
answering to W iT (Sayana zpnTf^T ^ farTPTf: ^
•••# ? r * r r r H *refa*).
[ 3. fr^r. Pischel in Ved. St., ii, pp. 88-9, says that and the
Pr. are identical. T o derive ijcq- from 3^r is against all laws of
phonetics. The most frequent sense of fpajr is ‘here’ , but like 3T^ it
means 4 there’ also. He translates the second half of the verse thus :
4<In the highest place o f the wide-stepping Vishnu— there indeed is
our relationship— there is a spring o f mead.” The sense, he says, is
plain from the preceding verses of the strophe.
Verse 6 -
P a DA PATH A :
H rn r n r t II ^
S ayana :
N otes:
3. *TTfr ^ft^pFP* The ‘ kine with many horns’ are perhaps the
stars with their myriad rays.
II. 12. NOTES. I ll
4. * U n w e a r y in g .’ I tr a n sla te R o t h ’ s a rtic le o n th e w o r d .
i, 6 4 , 1 1 ; 1 6 7 , 4 ; 1 6 8 , 9 ; 1 6 9 , 7 ; iii, 5 4 , 1 3 ; v , 4 2 , 1 5 ; v i , 6 6 , 5 ; v i i,
8 , 2 ; itpt: ii, 1 5 4 , 6 ; 3 ^ ix , 8 9 , 4 ; R T f ^ i x , 8 9 , 3 ; aHHr: iv , 6 , 1 0 ;
f r o m f to g o — 2, in d e c l. F ir e . Un. iv , 2 2 1 .”
No. 6.
M andala II. Sukta 12.
S ayana:
fTTOrcflPT^j I
a r i ^ f l ^ T f^PT ^ ^TIRT II
f R >r^rr 5 M r *fr»mr^<Tr I
S^>r ’ J T i^ R F ^ r g ; II
fa f fe d *r ? r N t r ? ( ^ t r f^ r^ R fff: i
% 5TR ? R ^ " t t ^ R P ’ sreftSwS II
ar^ ^ h r f^ r i 3 *r R r ^ s r f^ r l ^ i ^ r i * ts * r^ P t
i t^ r a ^ r if^ r a ^ r ^ r h r s j; i f r r ^ r f ^ j r r -
ffcsr *rerrpa*rerfrf?r: > ^ ^ * p w r l ? ^ r <g3rnf^^i2Tr%?:JT=E^ i
f M h s ^ i fr ir e f f r ?i% »P!*r*n«rrc?R||*r: i *rr?R ?s-
112 NOTES. No. 6.
Verse 1.
P adapatha :
^ 5 ^ f ^ : II \
S a YANA :
Verse 2.
P a d a pI th a :
3T^°rr5T | m g fN n h r ,3 T s £ -
^ II H
S ayana :
| - 3 r t : n-. ^ i
fit I Prafff-
n i m ^ r ypR zn r: 1 f%?rTr°r
1 sit rr^ *r 1 ^ 2
VIT5 : t *r i M f ?rr?PiRr 11
N otes :
Verse 3.
PADAPATHA :
W- || ^
S ayana :
ftTOTO?* i a r 'm I w q ^ ? w i u < r 9 f r ’T*pf fra »rr% rq^ i*: (Pan. iii, 3 ,
106)1 g tr i C T fritrfi s r r ^ R :i 1
srw t
I q ' m * i I s p r e f i r »T 3 tR ^ m r ^ n n ^ r 1
*r»r?g t o : tiw tr : I 1
1
f ° r % r ? ? r r ^ r l> ft srcw ^refH frr it
N otes :
1 M. M.
II. 12. NOTES. 115
Verse 4.
1? a d a p a ^ h a :
w sp n p II v
Sayan at
1 “ In the Veda the stage on which the life of the ancient kings and poettf
ia acted is the valley o f the Indus and the Punjab, as it is now called, the
Sapta Sindhavalj of the Yedic poets. The land watered by the Ganges is
hardly known, and the whole of the Dekkan seems not yet to have been
discovered.” ‘ ’ ;'
No. .6.
116 NOTES.
N otes:
Verse 5.
PADAP-VJHA :
^ W | ^ ? r W- ?fcT ^ r r TcT W K ^ J % - 7
W ? m 3 P [r?: II <\
SA yana :
N otes :
Samdhi the written text conforms to the real state of the case: in the
latter it does not. Compare note on verse 9 below. ( But Grassmann
would read for here.) ftsf: bere is not the nominative but the
accusative. The word occurs in only one other place, and then in a
similar context. ( i, 92, 10 quoted above in note 4, on verse 4. ) It
means perhaps gain or stake ( Aufrecht ).
Verse 0.
PADAPATHA :
m fr f| c r r m ^ asM : ’ r p fr r p r e r
l ^TR-^rrsor: ^f§Trr ^ f ln r ; w-
t II ^
SAy a ^ a :
«fr i fN r e r c r ^ ir : i ^ r T ^ r vprrar W * I
frw t ^ ^ r v t t w ^ t i jth j °n \i i
* n ^ R p r ^ a fft: 1 i s r a r o r ^ 'T=rnrr t r -
fa?rr i n v gftrsr; =rr *tq; 3^ ? ^ : 8 T P m r t j2 *T fr -
tn ^ r: 3Tf>T5TEfpmT tfSrar >m % *r jrtn c f
’ rrfwtffr i jT s ra s f^ n ^ «r q s c ^ w r w rr r r a r ^rr^r i n »rr w w ^ w n f t «rs rt
( Rv. iii, 8 ,2 ) i st^ <nsra ^7*= n
N otes s
*Tf: I
rr^r^T^r^-
rtf^r rtfHtr II
In the St. Petersburg Dictionary under rtf Roth ( who had previ- V
ously given not lazy as the meaning of 3TCtf ) derives the word from
*X.= 3Ti(^¥)and compares the Zend aredra. For the meaning he gives
Sayana’ s double explanation of rich, or he who pleases the gods,
righteous. Grassmann believes that the word means weary. In the
Siebenzig Lieder rtf**? and here are rendered by “ the rich and
the poor/* Aufrecht translated “ who is a furtherer o f an honest
man and of a poor man.”
Verse 7.
PADAPATnA:
TTT^rt
T W I *T- q -: 3 [3 | p f a p '- m r
' II ^
S ayana :
^ ,rr5r5n stm t
^ 5% Trr?: i »rrer *PT73r: i
^ r^ rra r ^ w r ^ 5% srsrrc
1 =T«rr i 3r^r=r jtw ?far ( K v. iii, 32, 8 ) i « r «j
rcrrr star u
n - 12* NOTES. 121
Verse 8.
P a d a p a ^h a t
^ # f F T SPTrftfFT f |-
f t ar^- TH-qK ^FT^r: I 3TR-
I ^ ^ N r r ^TRT * '' *P05* II 6
S ayana t
1. Notice here the use o f ffcT in the Pada text. It is always put
to call attention to a d u a l: and then the word, if a compound, is
repeated that the compound may be separated into its two parts.
4. The two on the same chariot are the driver and the fighting
man. They also have their several prayers.
Verse 9.
P a d a p a th a t
^ f?s3rq-% sr W; *t*t
3TW I *r:
**. STTTf s II ^
[x v. i. % n 1' Bm.j
16
12 2 NOTES. No. a.
SAyan a :
srercr- ^ r r ^ ?r s r r s ? ^ i w ^ w s i r j N t
gprnT ^ r r 3 ? ^ ^ fw * rn r arrw^r^r i w
^TTrT: * t?ptr sfitfar^ f^ r1 ^^TH rr ^ ^ p r r <r#crr-
fw\ *r ^ ii
N ote :
Verse 10-
P a d a p a -j h a :
sp *T(f ^ ^ r-
5T I 9E $?t 7 s T ^ ffT 1*\ ^ q f : f * ?cTT
:fR T f: II \ °
SAy an a :
[N o te t
Verse 1 1 .
P a d A PATH A :
*P ^ r f : II ^
Sa y a n a :
[ N otes :
Verse 12.
PADAPAfHAs
q -: | « r v r : jJ R E F T R ; 3 T f 153T ^ tT ^ *TCT
w m ^ r% p cp rv
sr: 3RTW5 II ^
124 NOTES. ;n o . g.
S ayan a :
n ?TtTTT5,T: T ^ tr 3JW I ^ ^ ^ r f-
«m f P n p n ra T >jra: ’vtrrcr ^i?%^r^ffrra t < n N tr: ^rw
ffir^r*n >m i?rf \refaftfir tlrftrtr*ire®*i5r (i» 9, 4-5) frrarar: I f* p ff
q ^ t g f w o n - ’ T ir^irrTwwrswr ^ p H ^ T R n ^ F ^ p r : ? r a t *nc°rre
«rergsrn. i Tift i *T 3p*rr *m j w *i<{t<.<£»K |w srsrwri:
^=r s r i w g r t s ; s ra n r I f j r g fr f? ! it
N ote:
Verse 13.
P adapath Aj
W S T S p cp *P 5 3 R T fs II
SAYANA:
Verse 14.
P a i ' a i -a i k a :
2 f: ^ ■ ^ 3 ^ 1 % q^ ^ rn r^ T i t f S F c T ^ :
ip fr I ^ r f ^ tr*h i ^ jt *rs
ir ^ T f: ||
II I. 59. NOTES. 125
SA y a h a :
Verse 15.
P ad Apatha :
3 jf? I ^ R T :
4 * 3TT * & [ II
SAy a n a :
No. 7.
M andala III. SftKTA 59.
SAyana :
[ N ote :
T r a n s la t e d in M u i r ’ s “ S a n s k r it T e x t s ,” v o l . v ., p . 6 9 . ]
Verse 1.
Padapatha :
I fr e t*. s r f ^ R 'T r ^ rp r r % ^ r ^ r f w n ^ ^ r 5-
^ r r ^ = t h - il X
Sa y a n a ;
rrr R ^ s°rr
r<t ^ 3Tf^r *pfrq*. 1
This hymn o f praise I bring you, Varuna and Mitra, once again to
you, O spirits, a sweet oblation: one of you is for us a strong sure
leader, the other, Indra, by his word holds the folk in order.
[Geldner (Ved. St. iii, pp. 11-26); qTf^T intr. ( e. g. W ^ r *TcRt ***1
i, 98, 1; V. S., 26, 7, Mahidhara a^fPTcffiT ^TcTfrT some
times intr., but generally tr. and equivalent to qTfnrr^r. *ff[ has the
sense o f resembling, being o f equal birth, emulation, matching, out
bidding, seeking to surpass, and, as in classical Sk., of being active,
striving; the causal sense being to spur someone to rivalry or emulation,
to set a good example. Other senses o f qTT are rivalry in a bad sense,
jealousy, quarrelling and to make haste, to be quick, to march.
Verse 2 .
PADArATHA:
3T F ^ cr: p r < r II ^
S ayana :
N ote :
fo ta r r t r i e r s f e c r q t a -: ^ r -
sqrs I 3 r r r l? q ^ ^ ft
^ rg - || ^
SAYANA:
^r*prr ff in s r ^t* * * r ^ R * r ^ m r i * *r f a r
W ^ ^ ^ ^ r R I % H r % r r ^ ( A s v a l . iv, 11.) u
1 Ul. B. with M. M*
17
130 NOTBS. No- 7.
identical with the stem, is o f considerably more frequent occurrence
than the regular form : thus, murdhan, fcamaw, adhvan, beside
murdhani, fyc.— W hitney, para. 425 c.
Verse 4 *
P adapatha :
P r a -: TRTT I
'n p t f H v
SAy a n a :
N ote :
Verse 5.
P adapatha j
N otes :
Verse 6 -
P adapath ax
^ F T S v ir r : 3T^: | ^ T fR W I
^ srrrrw \\%
SAy a n a :
^K h^; fitsjfnJsr v m ^ iW P i r o ^r t ^ t a r * a r #
«P IT t 1 T h n p fN q a g f N 2 ^ ^ f ^ P T ^ r R ’ rf^r^T’ T ^ s f f a -
g f r r ^ r ’T i i *pfnr: ^ ^ r M h m i t ’iTRrqjr^^nFT^tq' m t -
fprr|Tvmi%: I I II
N ote :
Verse 7.
Padapatha:
| t r w r P r *fr i ^ I
3TT4 afr *T(t=Tr 7 ?T Pr^T *P?r v p g (A s v a l. iii. 1 2 )1 1
N otes:
not to ,sra: fame, lie refers the meaning a^r and of the commenta
to rs ) adding extracts from Sayana. ( 1 ) Stream, flow: iii,l, 16,
’qqflT FPsRHr:. Sayana, ^TPT^r^T W ^ q q r ^ T . ix, 87, 5;
ix, ]1 0 , 5; i, 51,10, aq cr^qiorqq^fq =qq; to the stream o f Soma.
Sayana, ’qqtft ffq % °R ^ R R F ^ q . i, 61, 10, *Tr ^ ST^TT
^tr *T%cff:. Sayana, q tf^ ^ clW T T 'q ^ fR ^ W T ssnftfif m--.
i, 9 1 ,1 8 , ^ T F T R ^ ^ c T R # q ft lt fa^q. Sayana, ^ # R
^ s^ reH r^ ^ q rq w °R q R *rr *R ^ rn :qqR : tf^ rq qqRr
^ fi'qcssrqrfr ftsq
*nrq. ( 2 ) course, quick movement; vii, 90, 7 q fa^RF^:.
Sayana, q sp^T f q rfqq} qfclT: I ferftqRf q£f I ^ fqST-
^r°Tr qr^TPTn. iv, 41, 9; ix, 97,25, 3rl?f^r ’W f ^ fc T R ^ . Sayana, t tfR
^T^TR aiqfftq 3T% W q ^ q *qq% ^ q p F W ^ cRT. iv, 26,5,
^<T V3T Rl%^ ^mr arw. Sayana, ^cT ^R" tT ^ ^HT; §q*j:
srerST’lftPTsr w : ^T- i> 92, 8 ; 165, 12 ; iii, 37, 7; x ,1 0 2 , 4:
131, 3; viii, 69 (8 0 in M. M , ), 5, p q r q i%qR*T W T q ffq* I ^T*t
^ : . Sayana, q R q ?fq<?5SrC
Tr*F7W 3Tp?rarqr^
rTff I tT^rT^TcT srihrffcT %**l ^ r ^ ^ W - R W & * T jptffir. iii, 54,22,
3T^Hs(^rw fW Nt ^ il% } perhaps ‘ direct thy course towards us’ . Sayana,
^RcTTfr rTrPr ( referring to preceding words ^ q^ q ^ q r f^ r fl )
3t^ 3 ^ q ^ q r ^ q ^ R gsrrrq *r f o w l tf^rrqq ^Frf%?w:. vi, 37, 3,
3TR ’qq ^ q -c fr q^q: ( scil. apqrO* Sayana, ^ q - q : ^frqqqr: H^rf: . . .
^ q q t q q ^ r q f(%: arrPty^T ^ *% * aTTC?3:. iii, 19, 5, 3Tfa
^ iR r ^ ft' ^ ^ 5 - Sayana, [%q ^ 1 5 crq^sqq^q ’qqffa 3TW^
3TfSr qf| ^Tfaqr Rrafl- The next example is our passage. 5qfrR:> in his
flight. ( 3 ) course, bed: vii, 79, 3, a r^ q r T^<Rr 5 ^ W ? ^ ? § r q < T R
%Tqn%. Sayana, tfftcTPT qr^TRR ^ F R ^ I T q a r^ fN ^ sT^rr^RT-
qrfcq*}:. x, 27, 21, >qq f^TT TO a j ^ f q siftHRScTCpcT* Sayana,
q o q ^ rr^ ^ K ^ ^ r^ qrqK f w r ^ q q ^ w R w rq r i *qq f ^ r ^ R l crc.
^ q f j ^ ^ 3^q?r i q ^ ^ ^ r ^qruf?Tr ^ k -
q R ^ ^ rfr ^ p cf ^qrfirqr-fT- Some of
the passages cited under the first ’qq: fame are perhaps examples o f
this meaning of ^qq: course. ( 4 ) A ccording to the commentary = 3 ^
N aigh .ii, 7, Nir. x, 3. Sayana chooses this meaning especially in
passages where the Soma is meant. (5) = ^ Naigh. ii, 10, Nir. iv,
24.— Compare viii, 2, 38 q m r q ^ (hastening to the song; according to
Sayana, whose praise is to t e sung), q^0, ^nsT°> p * 0*”
134 NOTES. No. 7.
Verse 8 .
P A D A l’ i f H A }
3R T- I
II <
Sayaka :
N otes*
Verse 9.
PADAPifHAj
STfrftczter: II ^
SAtana :
N otes :
2. fgpTcTT:. The word does not occur again. Roth takes it to mean
‘ obeying the wish, * i. e., of the god, issuing as he pleases. Grassmann
refers fg - in the word to the worshippers ‘ according to their w ish/
No. 8.
M andala I I I . S i' k t a 0 1 .
Verse 1.
SA y a n a !
P adapatha :
i t . q -f ^ r fr p a p r i r s w : ^ cth t^ 1 5 * ? ? -
N otes :
Verse 2.
P adapatha r
| f? s n f c r r r% n u f ^ w ^ jr r h t* 4 -c fr I
^ II ^
18
138 NOTES. No. 8.
S ayana :
$ »rc°n*$tr|rrr
nrerTr T ^ rn ^ rft l <mr i *j5?tr f^s5ftT%
(R igv. i, 1 1 3 ,1 2 ) i m fs ft ? t i% >rrft ^ fa r e 'r o s r ?'* r fts ft°r i
TPfciw a ^ 'r 3r*ranrirr ^ a m f^ % gg
* i w t v n r fs iir e N r ?^r ^ 5 1 «1
fw ? w ;: 11
N ote :
flfcTT frq^cft Muir, y, 193, has a note on the word sunrita com
municated by A ufrecht: “ Professor A ufrecht thinks that this
word sunrita is to be explained as follow s: He considers it to be a
derivative from nrit, “ to be in motion” , compounded with su. Its first
meaning is ‘movable* (sunrita maghani, Rv. vii, 57, 6), then 4 brisk/
* alert ’ (sunrita, predicated of Indra, viii, 46, 20 ; sfinrite o f Ushas,
iv, 55, 9 ; i, 123, 5 ; 124, 10 ; viii, 9, 17). A s a feminine sub
stantive in the plural it means either * activity,’ or, with a supplied
gir, ‘ lively voices’ (sunritanam giram, iii, 31, 18); netri sunritanam is
Ushas as a stimulator, or, rather, leader (xopyybs) of joyful voices (of
birds, e tc.); sunrita irayanti is just the same.,> So vayor iva sunrita
nam udarke, Rv. i, 1 1 3 ,1 8 , “ when fervent voices arise like the rising
o f the wind” (ortu vocum velut ortu venti).
Verse 3.
P adapath a :
s t - w H r r^ rr % -
I ^ p fR T F r fc r ^ 51% srr
11
H I. 61. NOTES. 139
S atanA :
13>fr f ^ r s ^ f°r g ^ rr f^ i u fa s r^ R r
Jp fK f I T O ^ lfW t ^ ^ vTrrr
R re R r i sis^ R t jf T : | g « fr * 1% a r ^ i s n f o »r*?rer-
>rr»f i I *mpr*fcff H n f ^ ^ g N h r ^ r n m i o f ^ ^ ’rrjpjrjrr
^-frr ^ ? rrft*r^ T r»f s rrfrrr I <rsr | s r t : I ^rsifPfcr
*p i t ?pti% a** i sr# ^ | jr f i r j s f a -
f m i H ^ N r w w n r i ^ R f 3^ i st^
N otes :
ft^ ^ S F W P T O q r
w^\ fa i
sft# ^
f^ T II i, 92, 9:
3T^T ^ T K ^ fT -
$*!%■$' i
5r ^ ?r <m
s--
trfitm t fasqr II i, 1 1 3 ,8 :
<c The sisters have one road that never ends : along it they go
each in her turn god-im pelled: they do not strive, they do not stand
still, beneficent night and day, one in mind, diverse in body.** It
may be a question whether here, however, does not mean “ com
mon to the tw o.” Compare fPTpf f^TOnrfaWter* ii» 12, 8.
Verse 4.
PADArATHA :
1 B. # w M r ^ r r e < T r .
III. 61. NOTES. 141
V erse 5.
P a DAP^HA:
3T ^ f : f|rsvrr^t^ * f : srrftrr
I l ? l t <TT3T: ^ T T
II
Sayana s
N otes:
Verse 6 .
P a d Ap a ^ h a :
fp js # arr Tn^rcRr
|a r r s ^ t^ H I gppr
q f* f^r^FiT^rj II ^
1 Part o f the note referred to has been quoted under No, 7, verse 9.
144 KOTES. No. 8.
S ayana j
[N o te .
Verse 7-
P adapatha :
N otes j
when the sun has entered heaven and earth that the dawn can spread
her light far and wide. But, as far as the words go,
jjTSTr may also refer to the sun, and so Grassmann takes them. This
enables him to translate ‘ like the fair o n e / that is, I presume,
the dawn. Delbriick suggests that is perhaps a Vedic samdhi, for
Compare Roth's explanation of *Tft as No. 31, verse 13.
No. 9.
M andala IV . S ukta 46.
S ayana :
[ N ote :
Verse 1.
P adapath a :
*4 ?^ fe n ^ fr?T fR f R jt'r% 5 i ^
f f I js q r : II ^
S ayana :
Verse %
P a d a fa |r a :
3T^f 5 : |, ^ r fr
ffcT II \
Sayan a:
^ f ?r^ f f c n f = w f ? r r r ^Vh m ‘ I ^ 3
#*N N % . U ^
S ayaha :
^ * . flr t s ^ r ^ H v
Sayana :
t f3<amPHHHiqrefiTgTffr 5^57ffpr
t«t*tt ?m »lt f^ w f t w 3Tjj i «re*nt^ <re*triPi«ff-
rrf^f^nr: i JT^rrwrf ?m h
1 M. M . an d B . om it ^ f t P T -
* Ul. adds q r w -
143 NOTES. No. 9.
Verse 5-
P adafath a }
v fa I p ^ r p fc r
f f 3Tr ir g n r || <<
S.iYANA :
rtf^r fw W j r s w i r ^ s f p p f t fl^fr*: i
^ I W T SgTrsraT (R v- vii, 66, 10) ffff ( As'val.
vii, 12, 7 ) II
Verse 6 .
P a d a p a t ii a :
srq rr ^ ff: f S# I W I M “
rT ^ 5T 5T ^ : || ^
SA y a n a :
[ N ote :
The root *T or fl[, from which the word is derived, has three
principal significations: ( 1 ) t o generate or bring forth; ( 2 ) to pour
forth a libation; and (3) to send or impel. W hen treating o f deriva
tives of this root as applied to tffatj, Sayana sometimes gives them the
sense of sending or impelling, and sometimes of permitting or
authorizing (^TJ^TT). In a few places he explains the root as meaning
to beget......................The word as well as various other
derivatives of the root g , are introduced in numerous passages of the
Rv. relating to the god HRf, with evident reference to the derivation
o f that name from the same root, and with a constant play upon the
words, such as is unexampled iu the case of any other deity.— Muir>
?.,p . 165.]
Verse 7.
P adapath a :
S i YANA :
No. 10.
M andala IV . SO k t a 54.
S ayana :
Verse 1-
P adapatha :
W fcrr 5 T- l ^ N K 3 ? ! 5
^■spTt If%- Z(x »T3rfcT rrr?%WT: Js 3T^ 31^-
w II X
150 NOTES. No. 10.
S ayana:
N ote :
Verse &
P adapath a :
rf s w r h h th ,
I *rfagrs nr z ; %
S ayana :
1 u i. b . w ith m . m .
IY. 54. NOTES. 151
N otes :
1. The verb is chosen on account o f its relation to the name
of the god. Compare iTqTTiTT verse 3, fprnr verse 4, and ?r
verse 5. It keeps its accent on account of the ft in the sentence.
See W hitney, para. 595 e.
5 r^ rr 1 t t g ^ ^ a n t
3T^iT^r: II ^
152 NOTES. No. 10.
S ayana :
N otes j
1M. M . o m it s stmt**
IV. 54. NOTES. 153
certain old Greek and Latin nominatives in aisand is, looks like a joke.
Yet it duly appears in his translation, “ whatever we have done against
the folk of the gods, as weak ones out of ignorance, or as strong ones
out o f insolence/*
Verse 4.
P adapa^ha j
w hH -*
I^ intern 3?r
?r?r II V
Sayana :
^ r n n m ^ r =r f f a «rrs*rr I ^ | h
s m f a l t ( Asval. iv, 11 ) |
7 si i f^ rrf ^ h*t-
i i *tsr t ^ ^ r l r T st I Hr s*r sjwhfri
i arrf i m x wrra'^ffr i
f^ tv n rw r asr i ?pn ^hPrr^5«rRf^t?tmr
i arr ’sipf* i w i t 3*?% ^ *pf?r sto R t5 i <mr i^ n
«£rtN»*q ^ i trei u
N otes :
pretation is the right one. Roth, who takes the passage so (dabei bleibt
es ), quotes, under the same meaning of *lc?T ii> 24,
12, where Sayana construes as he does here, ft*r
Also, iv, 1 ,1 8 ; 22, 6; 28, 5; viii, 82, 5; ix, 92, 5; x, 22, 13.
Grassmann, “ Das ist recht sein werk = That is truly his work. ”
Verso 5.
P adapatha :
g g ffr
jn ja fs c p p I ’T r R F c T :
% II
S ayana :
N otes :
1. The difficulties in connection with this verse are very great, and
perhaps insuperable. Sayana’s explanation is ingenious, but not con
vincing. H e makes separate clauses out o f the first and second lines,
reading with each. This gives him a contrast between
and q*q:. By the first word he understands ‘ us who are Indra-led,*
and by second *these men here, our patrons.* But the way in
■which Sayana takes the two clauses is not clear. Ludwig construes
3Tf^RT^ with afl^TT^and translates ‘ thou makest us higher than the
high mountains.’ I think that 3Tfa=FFL g oes wi ^ OTFtj and that
Sayana takes the two clauses to mean *thou bringest us to dwellings
that are higher than the hills, and for them thou bringest dwellings
rich in houses.*
[ A t pp. 173-4 o f the Ved. St. ii. Pischel has a note on this pas
sage. From q$rr W and sq^T ^ W&W
•T (viii, 47, 2 and 3) it will be seen, he says, that q^TT f^PJ. is used of
birds and means spreading out the wings. The expression l^qrJT^T
also occurs in A . V ., 10, 8, 18; 13, 3, 14. In the present passage too
v . 26. NOTES. 157
Pischel would take faq*, though by itself, to mean the same thing
and would translate qcPPiTr RfaPft’ by “ they spread out their wings
while they flew .** He takes this to refer to the legend about the
hills having once had wings referred to in the passage from the M S.
cited in Note 1 on ii., 12, 2, and in many other places besides in Sk.
literature. ]
Verse 6.
P adapatha :
% % ft : srr^cjftrgr srwrer:
s rp jp fN r I fT p ^rrir-
II
Sayan a :
s n p n fa g M r T 3 r W l t #rr»*i*rsrc>»n’ § -
srPr3 ' » ^ r i *1*3 5 1 s f a « i r ■q-
arrf^nr: 1
^rf> f^snftar P n r m s ^ r srn k r * 11
[ N ote :
No. 11.
M andala V . SCkta 26.
S ayana :
^ i T n r* ^ fRr
{ A svai. iv, 1 3 ) i T r^ tq r
srrssr i ^gf^ar =* l *r ?r: fff^ q r ? r ( A svai. ii, l ) 11
[ N ote :
Verse 1.
P adapatha :
Say ANA:
N otes :
Verse 2.
P a d Ap a t h a :
s»fr% I arr i r ^ ?? II H
SAYANA j
N otes :
Verse 3.
P adap I tha :
fr fr r s ffa q ; it ? ^ f^ r ? ff I ^
v p & i ii %
S ayana :
N ote :
Verse 4.
P adapatha :
N ote :
1 Ul. adds TO
V. 26. NOTES. 161
Verse 5.
P adapatha :
Sayana :
N ote :
Verse 6.
P adapatha j
f 3T fr ^ T f F T 3 s g f % | 3 /T F r f a
|?T: § ip 4 i II ^
S ayana :
t s w t : sRR«Rct
jt: 3R rPr q^rrrtftrcrr: II
[N o te :
Verse 7.
P adapatha:
r g m ;J T ^ r r r r it ^ r ^ r f r f w ^ r f if s s p ^ I ^ r k
|| \8
S ayana:
N otes :
Verse 8.
P a DAPATHA :
* srer t * « t a : s c p r : l ^ ° ir r r w ff:
II c
S ayana :
* f f **5°fr<r II
N ote :
On i, 142, 5, *rr°TRT*TT I f%
^ II Sayana explains this word by
on iii, 4, 4, ( ^ ^ r * . Sc. stff:) by ; on v, 22, 2, where our
phrase recurs, by ^Rf^rfrff m . Roth takes the word to mean ‘ affording
space for the gods.’ Our verse is almost a repetition of v, 22, 2.
Verse 9.
P adapatha :
r f ^ r r II ^
V. 83. N O TE S. 163
S ayana:
No. 12.
M andala V. SCkta 83.
Sayana i
^ rf^ r: ?r^*3'rraTft<TCfr O T r ^ r R g ^ r I ^ cq -^ -^ c^ rr ^ * s r -
31^ fv r fta ir a r fl^ i Rtst- <t* frg »n i %^rrr i w r
^r f%sr a’TfSrer: i *r%cr ^r • *Tft*T<rrer OTnfecrr-
^ r rRTSf ^ftPfePrftRr ^rf^PT; ^ ? T %fa (As'val. ii, 13) II
N ote :
Verse 1,
P a d a p At h a :
a rea, f ? t f n s f r : sr rn T : «t ^ tw
s ir r f f r ? I ^ p r: H ^ r-
it% H \
SAy a n a :
N otes :
here, along with 3TT* Sayana follows the Nighantu, except in vi, 51, 8,
f7FT where he has ^ (The
clause 3?r occurring in the same verse is explained by ?PT^?nT*
In form is a desiderative o f ^ o r qy ( see Whitney,
para. 1028 g). R otli mulros it mean ‘ seek to win, seek to bring, do
homage to, entice.’ In vi, 51, 8, the passage referred to above, he
would translate ‘ seek to propitiate.’
Verse 2.
P a d a p At h a *•
ft f^ r r ^ r f F ? wf h ts s w f N r * ft* r n i
fN r II H
S ayana :
N otes :
Verse 3.
PADAPATHA:
f - f r ^ zR 'srm ffrp r
M I 1 ? ^ | jr [ ^
q ^ f^ t s r ^ j II \
S A tana :
Verse 4.
P ad apajh a :
^ R T ?r i f? r s r n jc r spr
3T#frT II v
[* C f. Ottima. Buried in woods we lay, &c. (Browning’s Pippa Passes, Sc. i.).]
1 M . M. ^ K W 5^ ^ ; I omit *P3T^with Ul. MS.; the Bomb. MS. has a
simpler note to the verse: I ST W 3T^RT%%T^ ZJ1FH-
ST^qfir I ^ ^ I ^ c f^ : SCPl
^ n r^ r I T O &c.
166 NOTES. No. 12.
S ayana :
Verse 5.
PADAPATHA :
g rW r sr^frfa I
avf % 'H r ; ff^ % q r : ? : q -^ % J r r f 3T*r
|| <(
S ayana :
Verse 6.
P a d a r at u a :
f w f 3* *r p p ? ? s p 't e r
I <pH > srr ? r f
s r g * -; r fc r r ^ II ^
Sayan a:
Verse 7-
PADAPATHA :
# T I w f R S R H T ^ ^ T 5^ rr 7^-
- S fc f : R s q j^ r * . II ^
Sayana :
[ N ote :
Verse 8.
Padapatha :
T?T ^ % 3 f
5 T^rh: I f ^ f i%
5 SM<TH!T HfrT II <
S I yana :
Verse 9.
P a d a p At h a s
t <T^*J qiFTJR^T 3 ^ * * 5 r 5 f ^ $ 5 ^ : T P T *^
^ira: ?i% ftw iR r nfpfrmt ^nrs jtrt *fre% I nra^rr 1 n-
r*^ if a w * t f * r w * «tm f«if^ * w m n » r a » f i m reM * fr^ s « m r 1
ft: y^ii«i«fii'rt3;rcuiN $rRn$ff 11
Verse 10.
P adapIxha :
1 ? qsfcsj f w rR t 5
s vx£ § 35; ^ f p r 'tra$& r& 1 v ^ r P r mw-
22
170 NOTES. No. 13.
N otes :
No. 13.
M andala V I. SfiKTA 53.
S ayana :
=^3’? 'i V r * i * r i fa s r
T r n r ? ^ : i fr«rr =^r35R r?cR . i 'f f a r I 1
sTuff^Pr: 1 w fr e r ’sr 1 ^ 3 <T*m?r
^ s jife r fr T ( A sv. G rill. S u . iii, 7, 8 ) I ?PT: H
N ote :
Verse 1.
P a d a p At h a :
Verse 2.
P a d a e At h a :
s t f t *r: I jp - -
• s q r ^ ^ r II H
SAyana i
patron to us.” So also Muir > “ Bring to us wealth,,f &c. But the
singors ask Pushan’s guidance for themselves. Compare i, 42, 8
(Koth) where Say ana's note is £
pffcf W aT^Rptcf: m i -
Verso 3.
P adapatha :
r%H; I^ f??r
nr *r f: II ^
S ayana:
N otes :
Verse 4.
P adapatha:
sp feq-: II v
S ayana :
Verse 5-
P adapatha :
7 f t ?| F VI f c f r r 5R-> I ar«T | lT ^ T ^ -
|| ^
SA y a n a :
N ote :
Verse 6.
P adapAtha :
ft f ? I^ r: J6£ ^ | 3 ^ | rr
II ^
Savana :
srr % r% rr fr ^ ^ r r ; f f I are
sm w p r II «
1 Bomb. MS, omits
174 HOTES. N o. 13.
S.Sy a n a :
N otes :
2. Rrf^JTT- This word occurs only here and in verse 8. Roth holds
that it is onomatopoetic, and compares ^^TsrrfTrT Atharvav., xi, 10, 25.
Verse 8.
P adapatha :
s t t t p t r% 4r% 3 T j| ^ I cr^ r
rrqc I! <
Sayana :
N otes :
1. srsr^fc^fcr- This word does not occur again in the Rigveda. Roth
notes that VS. iv, 33, is by Mahidhara explained as meaning
urging on the Brahmans. Our word he takes to mean urging on
Brahman ( masc. or neut. ).
Verse 9.
P adapatha :
SAYANA t
sTPTHiftfr % m 'rar stct amr ntafrrcrr i 3^ ^
1 nr?: sfm rr ^ r w f ^ f t 1 ars ^ T w n w 'T ^ p ri *rrafa-
^ H?rf% % «sretarar; w : ^Nfs^ 5 a S ’sRfat qreret 11
N ote :
rflBifq^rr. This word occurs only here. affair itself occurs four
times. On i, 173,6, *T(rT aft'HTRW 37PT, Sayana’ s note is |
fqjrSnT fr^cnT stif* 1 qpw ?* 1 rer tncsrc f^^rr<mwi
1 crf^ *lf PPTfcT I f^r»Trff?^:. Note that the
parallel to affq’^TFT^ in this verse is |3f^ On viii, 14, 5, ^
I aftq^ f^fa, Sayana has |% f t * | f^ r 3T^-
ftsr sm it t o p t : 3 ^ 1 m trw r ilm m # q ^ : i
r r w r c ^ jr l^ On ix, 71, 1, ffrfr«T^T *PT:, the note is srcffar^T-
afar: 3Tfqw» 3rr t *tiw sprt sm arrfrc^q-
^ ^?TRT- On X, 85, 8, grfifr gr^ aftcw , the note is
f<rt S’ffarprfr arw tfprSpwi. i %HT:-
It is clear that the word was obscure to Sayana. Roth, who takes
it to mean an ornament o f some kind for the head, suggests that it is
perhaps a contraction for 3TW3T> formed from q-^ ‘ to bind’ with are.
iij%T^rr as an epithet of the goad would appear to mean * furnished
with a leather tuft or ornam ent/ or, as Muir translates, * furnished
with leathern thongs.’ For the meaning of jfT in the compound com
pare M ax Muller’s note, Vedic Hymns, part i, p. 232: “ Yet the sugges-
tioa o f Professor Roth that qrTP, deer, stands here (i, 166, 10) for the
skins o f fallow deer is certainly more poetical, and quite in accordance
with the Vedic idiom, which uses, for instance, ifr> cow, not only in the
sense o f milk [%qT^TPT our No. 1, verse 1 ],— that is done even in
more homely English,— but also for leather and thong.”
Verse 10.
P adapAth a :
[ N ote :
N o. 14.
M an d a l a V I. SuKTA 54.
Sayana :
Verse 1.
P adapatha:
* 1 5 ^ 3T #^ rr ^ ^ r r ^ r a r I m ^
f^ f R T S T ^ II \
S ayana :
Verse 2.
P a d a p I tha :
*r*r | p rr m ^ fT ^ fa s ^ jr e fe j- | f%
T * ffir ? 11 ^
Sayana j
[N ote:
Verse 3.
P ad apatiia :
1 ^ : 7 ^R JT : 3 T # I ^ T fR -
3T^r q-(%: II \
Sayana:
<£°r: ?r f ^ r ^ R r t 3 ? ^
?r ^ <T«nt ?r i are* q fr : ^ itt ^ =fr ^ »w r t s j r a m R f i
8 * ^ K °r < r c F ^ f r e r f t e irerrer^Rt hpt : n
N otes :
2. ^t^T:. Roth cites four passages besides this in which this word
is to be taken as meaning the box of a carriage, i, 87, 2, ^ijfcfRcT
*K[W 3t W^TT- Sayana, ^RT^Tr: 1 ^pTP*T r W F T
*tSTT: WrTPfT Sfc* viii, 20, '8, ^ ^ f l r 7^ * Sayana, r%
^ viii, 22, 9, r 4 3f|% Sayana, <*nST:
c%-* x, 85, 7, qpff*n ^ arrtft^.
Sayana,
Verse 4.
P a d a p At i i a :
ST^ip ft51??* ^5 II v
S avana :
«n m n r: ^ ? ^ r t ^ s f i T R r r f W s r m g Tfrsrcfrrrf snr-
>irf <jsrr =r srf*r i arfirersr f«n?u I * f?^rew i *r ^ sr*r*fr
g<s*t: 'T * f%5=ft 11
N ote :
Verse 5-
P adapatha :
Verse 6.
P adapatha :
# T 3 ?3 ? im f l f W I R F T ^ f c T : I 3 T * I J p k ^ -
frrr^ ^ cr II ^
S ayana :
1 3 jr ^ ysm n R q n r arg jt ? f t w t r -
1 9Ti7 ^ II
Verse 7.
P adapatha:
irn^-. « i n S K R ^ * r r ^ K ^ ^rrff I
37«r arftVrft: 3TT ? f f II VS
Sayana:
[2 . Perf. Subj.]
Verse 8.
P a d a p At h a :
IT !5 ° T ^ fqriT fCj-tT I
TJRT: | n f || €
SAv a n a :
Verse 9-
P a d a p At h a t
S ayana :
q#Pr rr? I
^jr^rt ^r I =T R W srfa?pfre3 **: ^ ^ (Asval. ii, 16 ) |
#<rr n
t qr^^r rf^r ^ f R ^ ^ 3 *trt ^r^f ^ f r ^ r =r
fc*%r flf^m r ?r i s rfa n ^ S P r % ^frnir:
W >r^pr: II
[ N ote :
V erse 10,
P adapatha:
??*T 3TT ^ 3 II V
Sa y a n a :
N otes ;
No. 15.
M anpala V I, S*) k t a 55.
S ay ana .s
Verse 1.
P adapatha :
arr f f f f^ r f| 1
J * fb ^ ff^ T ? : H f || \
Sayan a:
I fr jp ir s n rs i f^ i^ fr r sm f% ^ * r r ftt%
r ^ 5 = p ^ n 'T r a : 1 s r r i ^ r s r n r a f t s r <rcr* i 3T i srrfir
m a r s 'm s r^ ra r l w r ^ R i n ^ C r f t ^ w ^ r a 'r n f a r a ic r ft=a; i g r * p ? r r i
^cfr^nx i Mr^rr ^ t * f« r e t T t f j r e s r r s t i * t$ t
» m i ( f e w R J R r a f i s i fm e r w f r i s ip tt ? i% i^ r ^ -
n ^ r a t i :fr ? > ir e r s r r e i i r s ^ r %?ir *nr t ?n rr ^ R r
N otes:
V erse 2.
p A D A P il’ IIA :
jt ? : | ?n r.
2UT f q t II H
S ayana :
Verse 3-
P adapAt Ha :
T rq: ^ 3 ?r% a r i f S t ir n jt I vf f t -
rr-sfp ^ -. n ^
VI. 55. NOTES. 183
S ayana :
Verse 4 .
P a d a p At h a :
'J T ’ K 5 3J3TS3T* p t ^ I
5TJ?: TsqW II V
S ayana :
A or. Subj.]
Verse 5-
P adapatha :
? r ^ ; r t R p fr ^ T ffir g ir : ^ 5 | *r?rf
f ^ T ^ *T1T II \
S ayana :
[N ote :
W K faTO - Surya chose the Apvins for her husbands and Pushan,
the son, chose the A lvins for his fathers.— Pischel, Vcd. St. i.,
pp. 20-1.]
184 NOTES. No. 16.
Verse 6-
P adapatha :
? F 3 P ^ T 8 II ^
S I yana :
N otes :
No. 16.
M andala V I. S^kta 56.
S ayana :
Verse 1.
P adapatha :
m 5 j w ® i * r i f r t w t |^
\ r - -<*{& :% II \
VI. 56. NOTES. 185
8 1 YANA:
N otes :
*rr aw rr 3?rf^3iPr t
arc *<t <f r a t srft it
1 M. M. omits 2 M. M. ^
24
186 NOTES# No. 16.
Verse 2.
p AD Ari-f BA ;
f w ' s fM r o fs r r w ^ : f^ rtf^
II ^
SA y a n a :
N ote :
Verse 3,
pADAPATHA r
it ^
* M. M. « qs»
VI. 56. NOTES, 187
SA y a s a :
Verse 4.
P adapatha ;
^ 3T3T TW ^ s g - : |
» T * jf II V
388 NOTES. No. 16.
Sayaxa :
t ^ w ^ f^ fN 5FMSWI3LWT f^ r f f *T$~
*<rr *<nrre w » f R » ^ ?n5?t *rnrc ^ r n p r II
N ote :
Verse 5.
P adapatha :
* g * 3 ?r% f r T - II <t
S ayana :
Verse 6.
P adapatha :
srr % ^ f r % ^ ? ? f *& * * -
£ scrta % *** * II ^
S a y an a :
i* \ T fa t: . For
as I have given above, Max Muller has ^T<rq:. In
accordance with this Sayana generally takes a s = fl^ .
No. 17.
M andala V I. Sukta 57.
SA y a x a :
Verse 1.
P a d a p At h a :
f^ T 3 I 5 °r r I |% *r g r s f-
^ rr?r% II \
190 NOTES. No. 17.
S ayana :
Verse 2.
P a d a p At h a :
ap*n d r 'm r t ? * t h fr r ^ i ^ i-
« tit f^ fr % il *t
S ayana:
Verse 3.
P adapatha •
3T3TT! ffr fR T t ^ j r f r I r T T « r f-
^ f%3?T II ^
Sayana:
[ N ote :
Verse 4.
pADAP^HA :
^ fr & 3 I W Q K f a f : ? ^ T : WT* f q f c ^ t W I W*
$ ** II V
* M. M. omita *T. • M. M. adds cr^ft. » M. M. adds ¥ * & '
VI. 57. NOTES. 191
S atan ' a :
N otes :
Verse 5«
P a d apa^h a :
Scrm; $s®r: I ^ * fz ir r r ^ I *
**N *r ? a i r T H r ? t II ^
S ayana :
N ote :
Verse 6.
PlD A PA fH A t
^ l « p K f i r g t s r to : I ? fr
II ^
SAt ANA:
*l?Df w n r5 3^ff5f^r*r= I
'j«il'!in * ii* 4 ui ? i * w f® n ?r> » t r m ^ ; «r>fh(un*fN »<»'
w p rro fn w p irifa It
192 vo tes. No. 18.
N ote t
No. 18.
M a n dai. a V I I . StiKTA 28.
S A ya n a !
wsrr °r 1 sw r °r ? n t -
3* I «T*nf% 3r*r- i
*1% ( Asval. viii, 1 0 ) ||
Verse 1.
P a d a i '.St H a :
? t f =? * 4 g r i f f l^ n t $r
^rfrn I ??r «f^h g ^ r r s fr ^ ^
II ^
SAy Ana :
firfn t w r * ih r * w * r f t i H * * f t * w *
v w T ^ T jn r r : 1 I n w f l w fW N tfhrftm ftst * ft
*tT ^ «T?ff *3«IT:
WTTSIf^r f t II
N otes t
1. JTfff ^T. For the long Vowel see note 1 on N o. 2, verse 7 (p. 68).
For or see Whitney, para. 194. “ Finally in the Veda a n (usually
initial) is occasionally lingualized eVen by an altering sound in ano
ther word.**
2. * Listen and come.* Compare the use o f
in vi> 54, 8, above.
Verse 2.
P a d a p At h a :
N ote :
Verse 3-
P adapatha:
?nr p ? ^ ^ ^ *r ?re^f-
ff r T I ? f ^TRT ff ^pt 3 T ^ 5 I^ fa ? T
Ssffsp ^rap-r^ I| \
S ayana :
N otes :
Verse 4.
P adapatha :
N otes :
[2. ^nr^T:. “ The N. p. f. [of stems in 3?r] has two forms, the
ending -dsas being also found as N. p. f. some twenty times, more or
less.” — Lanman. Cf. qTl^rtf :...rTT (Sayana, )
v, 46, 7; qr^r*fr^fr: ( Sayana, ^ f a r q ^ :) U 142, 6, &c. See Whitney,
paras. 363g and 365a.]
mean ‘are being purified,’ that is, arc suffering expiatory punishment.
If that is right, j f N'RT': must mean the wicked. H e translates ‘ The
wicked have now to suffer for their sins; on such days (at such a time)
be gracious to us, O Indra.’ This, of course, agrees well with what
follows. But it seems to do violence to two expressions in the clause
itself (^PITCPT.* and while to a third (<Tf^) it attaches a
meaning which cannot be shown to belong to it.
5. 3T^r^- See Whitney, para. 830. “ In the Veda these same roots
[a few roots in arr and the root *r] are decidedly the most frequent
and conspicuous representatives of the Root-aorist: especially the
roots rfr, 3T, '=Tf, qr ‘ drink,’ while sporadic form s are made
from ^T> srr, WJ.
VII. 28, NOTES. 197
Verse 5.
P adapatha:
f : tpp ^
7: I q-t 3T^fcT: 3 T iW : 7^
r % w t- II ^
S ayanta :
N ote :
‘ That he may g iv e /
No. 19.
M andala V II. SOkta 49.
SAYANA :
fr a ^ 3 ^ # 3 -t f wrir ^ fS r s w i? i <tot
^ T 3 * r ^ i H 3 5 5 t8 T s t w r Rt i *Trfr fr n r a r n : II
Verse 1.
P adapatha:
^ 5 II ^
Sayanaj
^ 5 5 5 ^ 2 t: n w s H fr J R re ^ 'ir am *rf?*a**t i s F s R s r -
3T ^ = fi% «f JT^r^'T n-^fraTT^U R rrr^r'fr ^ s r f ^ r i I
grTRT fW^ 3 T p rfW rrr:TT: ^rf^r * r * s ,*«st: I ^3?ft ^ s p p ^ fs p r :
^ P T R r ff^ U ^ rw P r e ^ r stt - w * f? ^ n % ^ n r ? ? r ftn -
^ • ffr f a r * s ^ n r ^ s *rr ii
198 NOTES. No. 19.
N otes :
Verse 2.
P adapatha:
them are mentioned in vii, 49, 2 [our passage]; and from this it is not
unreasonable to infer that the irrigation o f lands under cultivation
may have been practised.” Muir, Sanskrit Texts, v, 465.
Verse 3.
P adapathaj
^ ° f r *rcrre<rr n w r ^ \ Rft
5PTRT 3T3TT^r SpST ^ SHT'TOPE. 5TRT%c2pf: I *TH:
m&pr- w 'H ^ n rrr arrfr
JTt^Tf^TRT u
[N otes :
Verse 4.
P adapatha :
H v
S ayana :
No. 20.
M andala V I I . SOkta 54.
S ayana :
fRr ^ r c iT ^ f ^ R r s f ^ *rrcSr®raraL i
rrcrr I qT refM c^fnm -1 ^r^fr^TrT
ffcr 3? c^ ^ i f s r * 1 Hprrt ^ i *rrcr
^■cr^K- (A sval. Grihya-sutra, ii, 9 ) ||
[N ote :
Verse 1.
P ad a p a jh A :
s r r w : 1% 5rjcr ^ r R f r f w r n r
T* | fr ff STfrT rTrr ^ qn V f*
f|5C$ II \
S aTANA:
$■ strtts
I rT^?rXrtt ifrFTRT ^ T ^ T - ^rT^Rt^T: 3*?PTPT: W I
i% ^ ^rr ^ ?fJTnrt ^rr^rmt1 rrs^r mrlr i
** ffterr^ ff<r% s w c fn n f w r R i ^ rsrd i *rer*r-
f^ r e r t3 ^ ^ s p s w d w II
N otes :
1. ^TpftTT. For the meaning here Roth compares iii, 45, 4 3jf
«T 5rf^3ir«r^ CaS h*s share o f the heritage to all that
claim i t / But Sayana, farTr s^PTra^ *Fmt*fPT <prp? *R-
*TFT 5* tRt cT^^[), and Atharvav. xviii, 4, 51, and 52, qf?r c*r
fq-rfc: to p t .
2. =T:)- 4 Bless our going i n / In the Siebenzig Lieder
the line is translated ‘Bless the entrance: make it free from sickness.*
Grassmann, ‘ Give us good entrance.’ In the P. W . B. Roth takes
the word to mean (easy of access) in all the three places in which the
word occurs in the Rigveda. The passages should be carefully com
pared. vii, 97, 7, ff*qf?T: X 3Tr§frf Sayana,
f^ q f^ s **r9*r: hPpttct: * * * d tfr q : r m s s *5 -
3TTgfrR^ ^TifcT^R's *T3TrT. x, 63, 16.
vst *tt w r f c r i
trr tfr Hr tth II
* May she (sc. Svasti) protect us at home and abroad: may she,
whom the gods guard, bless our going in.’ Sayana, who supplies
1 M . M. adds 8 M. M. adds s T ^ C R R - * M. M.
26
202 NOTES. No. 20.
Yaska (Nirukta xi, 46) explains this verse, but leaves our word
unnoticed :
ft ^'T^r qr w r it? m ^
ar^T ? c er f r o m *rr rVrc% qr* *r*<j jrfc# ^ p q r q r c fa r e ^ t
<rer qrqrqrMre qr.
1. W ith bh u :
Verse 3.
P adapatha :
TFqV r *T r§-
t t ? sr«ror m itr^ rr w ^ i r t
sawrr^ ^ i
5?t a m ^ £ rlf ^ “T <rt q W N v ^ 1 q-jff ^ i^
a?i ? t sfr^r^?T?r ? m r w ffctft;* trt 7rf| II
N otes :
No. 21,
M andala V II. StlKTA 6 8 .
SA y a n a :
mt «n?rftra s r r t i srrf^ r ww
f w » f : I Sre'fRSPiJT I i mt 5T^f ^
l II
206 N OTES. No. 21.
Verse 1-
P a DA PATH A :
Sayana :
Verse 2.
P adapatha •
!T f 3T -vj||% W fR - *T *V I F r m f f r q -: f f -
?TSr ? I r § ? : 5J?T: f ^ R T ^ S p P * ?■ . || H
SXyana :
sr 1 ^ focr ^ l * TOF*itgF*rr
R ^rRfa^R T ( Asvalajana vi, 5 ) I
Verse 3.
P A i)A PA | HA :
1 M. m . faTOrcep*? i r f^ ^^pr.
VII. 68. NOTES. 207
Sayana :
t ^ ^ <r*FrTf ^ f ^ r r srr1 w-
fTOPT: ^ O T P T : ST2 STr^STrT I ^TrfCr I *HT-
^ r -.J R T ^ : 3TTfTH?rr¥TrS^T^Tor: I f t * ? f!* I *5TT|% ^ P *
frNT^TC*fi^ 3TfrT^^ ^ c f f f t II
N otk:
Verse 4.
P adapatha :
Sayana * :
*rr«* mW S t o p t=rt ? p r g n w i R t i ? f i t s t t : i
#r*r«H i ^ n ^ z r m iV 3Tf5Js>*n%it
^ ? v r : i n-^ 3r>-|: TviTr: ^ m w ; srs?i%5 «r?R’r
gr'r f%sT> %*rnri w ? ffr> r v r r ^ f a n
N otes :
1. ‘ H o ly / From ^ and qr, lit. ‘ turning to the g o d s / The
word occurs five times in all. i, 168, 1 faqiSpT #f (said
o f the Marufcs ). Grassuiann would take it in the accusative pi. fern,
construing with faqpfct* Sayana, ^ F T f’TPTrTIT ^T. i- 177, 4.
3T*t *T^T • Sayana, 3T*T Hi, 8, 5 ^ r r
W ?. Sayana, *T?r C # * sfR r^ r ^ v, 76, 1
^frsTFir Sayana, ^ [ : STf^s v, 77, 2
^frfsrJSTHf^r ft^TrT ?T ffrqWRrcT Sayana, tfR
m ^RrT ?T R*T% I =T ^r?^<fa*T4: I
2. A Yedic form. See Whitney, para. 492.
Verse 5.
P a d a p At h a :
3 J % ? » T I q -: f r * ^ ^ n r n r f f 2 ^ 7 fa r * ^ ll ^
SAyan a t
Verse 8.
Padapatha t
v p r rq*cr ^ s g c ir r ‘^ k r a r
Sayana t
Srf s ift ^ | s r f w a r fw *r°Tk
fr n r t ^ T T cs m M s r R n m
b t^ t1 1 r% rrrlRr i ^rsqf ^ rq^ fcT3;i% *z&n-
1 Ulwar MS. 1 cT^q ^ q &c.; Bomb. MS. cf^T ^ q ^ q ^ c f 3THa\ Sea
M . M.’s V. L ,
27
210 NOTES. No. 21.
Verse 7.
P adapatha :
3cT c ? T ^ ^ r f% 5 T 3T5T: 5 : 5^ 9 :
1 5 ? I FT : f * q -: II ^
S ayana :
^ ^ rt gTS'Tcrsrrere ^ *nsrre:
J^rRT: *Tf: ^ T rF ^ T : \f « R 3T-
fasTT ^ r 1 ft: I 3f: ^ qgR f i n r
srn^r c m r ^ T r c ^ s 2! ^ rr
~ir I RRm*srrc:<m<Tr: ^ ^ r r e n f^ R T -
sn frcfc*p r T r r ^ r r 1 II
N otes :
Verse 8.
P adapatha :
3 W IT R R T T fT | ?T -
N otes :
Verse 9.
P adapatha :
w w s r j? 3T^ ^ vrc: ?W re ;
^ s i F J T r I s p ir t ^ w - ^ppr gpr
^rRrT^H: W ?* II ^
S ay a n A :
No. 22.
M andala Y I I . SCkta 75.
N o te :
Verse 1.
P a DA PATHA :
(% J-rr: ^ r f - f j f f ^ : 5P R - ^ r R '^ f ° ? R T w -
* tp K srr I m ? r - cp t: str* - 3 ? ^ ^ s tf^ t--
^ crer y ^ jp 3 j# n r c r e r II \
Sayana:
Verse 2.
P a d a pat h a :
?r^ r 11 ^
Sayan a:
are*- n r w ^ r »r? g ^ n r w y s n a S ^ j s p m n t t t 0 sfrfa I f%
=r % 3-sr: «i% *fr*T*rra jt ^ ^ 5 s t w t i f% ^ f^ n i
w ^ '^ f? vfrrs sre* 11 «ri3r%
f l r r t f t * n % 3T W 1 II
N otes :
Verse 3.
P adapatha :
S a v a N'A :
T ^ T = <1% € 5 *W R T: ^
siftr^r; f^prn a r r ^ g w f .1 srgwra: K ^ r * hptw; t o o t stt stjj:
3 T r « r ^ F f r i f% i t^ rrP r ^ sp^ r snrTf^r srrm n' s m i ^ :
T fqi^r?rl:a I H^KSTTfT STTST^T: S T T ^ ^ I <pJf*W-rT-
^ r g ^ E R R r T R r w j^ C r n P n r r I a^r ^s^ r s t 'Tvt ^ i
q’t ^ 'f - r T r h w t f t wr?»: f ^ f ^ r w c i ^ r 4 II
N otes :
Verse 4 .
P adapatha :
Verse 5*
P adapatha :
irrM NcTf % rr yn -f ir I
^ rn rr II ^
S ayan a:
*rrf*prNtfr s r fs r i ^ ^ p r r f r a r p i r f a
I % q ? r f* r s rr w
vr'THr ^ f tr f 1 1 h w %'rprfte* I
Verse 6-
Pa d a pat h a :
5TJVT 3T^h f w :
^ p cT *- I ^ r fc f ^ T T p f r ^ ffc T ^ f T
3f*TRT II ^
S ayana :
3. R ’H'faW- The word occnrs only here and in vii, 57, 3, where it
is an epithet of the Maruts. Sayana,
Verse 7-
P adapatha :
? f r f r ? fa r sRr: ft r * n g^crr
II ^
Sayana :
N otes:
Verse 8.
P adapatha :
?r *$•. j f r ^ ^T- 5 f-
s h r p I jr r ?•• f r | : 3 ^ ? r r i% ^ §?*
qr? * ? T % sf ^ W 5P II <
Sa y a n a :
? ^ s r s P n n P r i^
Tar tfpftjf ^ sfw*r =? 3tct srwr»j ^T? li% 1 <rr^-
?rf?>T f/t^fRPrvir^ 31 smmr ^'Tfrr ^F^rrar s ^ 'r n ^o 1
w ro f I P r^ rS *tr ^ *rr sfrre'f: I w r ^ fprr
ffr f ^ f t ^ : 4 11
[N ote :
N o. 23.
M andala V II. S £ k ta 83.
SAy a n a :
Verse 1.
P a DA PATH A :
i H r i T f f r e r i ^ rr^ JT
I ^ f^ r f r r ^ ^ r ^ r 1 p ? r f § °ir
II X
S ay A NA :
4. pjq^fq:. ‘ W ith broad axes.’ The word occurs only here. The
referred to by Sayana is an implement in the form of a horse's
head which was used for cutting the sacrificial grass. (Taitt. Brahm
I II, 2, 2, the passage quoted by Sayana). Ludwig pronounces the
meaning 4with broad axes 5 to be quite impossible on the ground that
the axe does not play in the Rigveda the part it does in the
MahabliArata. He takes the word to be a proper name ‘ the Prithus
and the Parsus.’
Verse 2.
P adapatha :
r^ rr | » j^ ^ r * r - s f^ p ? : p ? j-
f^ ^ rr str f r f ^ l l ^
S ayana :
N otes:
V erse 3.
P adapatha:
srr I
a r s fa r ? f!P p r 11 ^
Sayana:
I ?75T^TDfr g»*rr s p rfsR i
wr qhr: ? $ arr^sr^i i 5RRR9i<fi--
*RT JTZRPT aTOtPT 5RT5T- Iit ?
fS R ^ tr wfRCrwrfa;=!rnfSDft 3*^ w ^r sir
u
N ote:
Verse 4.
P adapatha:
sT T f^ rr | fr* n ^ r n r
II v
S ay an a :
The vivid description in the hymn puts vv. 3 and 5 directly into
the mouth of Sudas and his family. These are the srerrPr referred o*
Verse 5.
PADAPAXHA:
a rfc an ? r s r e i fs f
II ^
SAyana:
t a ft: ?nff: sT^fsr *rr ir -
*r»*tT ?PTFff srfsjrff *ivp% i ^ r r fiNsfiwr ^ wPrnra-
*TCffaT: *IRf>f?rTfaT I ft l^ r ^ 'n f t h ’P l
’m ; * r s r r fsrrv I *T*rf?rWfci?«tf I are **f w sKrc°tr<l.
Tri i i t w w « r a 5 II
N ote :
Verse 6.
P a d a p &cha :
F ?% ? » n jk r t s r r f ^
? 1 p p w P r s r f f i m * ^ *r f ^ r -
? f II %
SAy a n a :
<t* flprarro
5hts arrfSrs g ra fts % * i ^
«t*rc*r *mi5r tf*n w n ib r i ^ ^ r f3 r tn r a ^ n % :
P r t r f W R frcr rtftra *f? *nr*tf=f J r m 3 * r
s iw n w H 5 II
29
226 NOTES* No. 2&
[ N ote :
3^RTTff:. It might have been supposed that one of the parties meant
was the hostile kings; but they are said in the next verse to be
— Muir, i. 3*24.]
Verse 7-
F a d a p Ai h a :
tN f P STJ^rT r:
»r \^ rr
•! ^
S ayana :
Verse 8.
P a d a p At h a :
'FcT f T ^ : II <
S ayana:
Verse 9.
P adapatha :
r a t I fw fa f- ? cjt ^ j f c f
^ ^r5® ^ 11 ^
Sayana :
% f-snrs^r q w f^sr-- f^ rr r sr^r nasm
^Frf I 3T5^ <r*Tr ^ ° r : ST^r 5TfTTf^ 37*UFT 3JPT SJpTrT: *T#-
% wrcT 11 fT=Tr cRT^Rr ^ ^ r c n 't - s n r ^ r ^ r f r # r
^q-frrrPr: ferret a rri^ R t 1 ^rg#r ^ stw-sc
^ ^rT* II
[ N ote t
Verse 10.
P adapatha:
3T$ I
II V
S ay an a :
3J# ^WfPT >FT H*®** ^ ^
m NOTES. JJo. 24.
WT ^ J H I ^ g I stfq ^ HtfTTf'T:
s fjiw ^ f^ 5 «rn s r ftn ^ 'fa p ir ^ rc rg : 3 % R r £ t » r v ^t?>ira>»nw
sir*?rar»T*31 ^ ^wrfejn gT K re ?rtw ar#r
w fr? ' H R ? ^Tpffa: 1 ?np£: I T ffr ^rf^TT W R *RT'-
» r w t * in i» $ il
N ote:
This verse is repeated here from vii, 82. I have given Sayana’s
note on that passage. The MSS. either omit the note here, or give
an abstract of it.
No. 24.
M andala V II. S i) k t a 8 6 .
Sayana :
W 5 ifflR T nr ^ ^ ?r»v r
^ w t f II ^
Sayan a:
Verse 2.
P a d a p At h a j
rRT ofT^T 5
^ g r || 3 .
Sayana:
w r # sr f t f w r r r i ^
f% w a r afrfrft' i srrctft*? ?r%*r
N otes :
II \
Sayana :
[3. Every illness according to the view of the Vedic people is incur
red as punishment for something wrong done. Especially does it owe
its origin to sin against Varuna and bis ordinances. Vasishfcha troubled
with dropsy implies this plainly in R. V. vii. 86. 3— Zimmer,
Altindisches Leben, p. 394.]
Verse 4.
P a d a pat h a :
3TfJTt x g n ^ fw * r r %
Verse 5«
P adafatha :
fjq; is the same as the Gr. rpeTra, In the comparison the case of <r-
^TFTT rrr^T which should have been the Nom. has been attracted to that
of Otherwise, apart from the not very flattering comparison of
Vasishfcha to a cattle-stealer and a calf, the passage, if interpreted
literally would not make much sense. The sense then is ‘ release
Vasishfcha, as a cattle-stealer (releases) the calf from the rope.’ —
Pischcl, Ved. St. i, 106.]
3. Pronounce da-ma-nas.
V e rs e 6 .
P a d a p At h a :
W- m §?T
3rNr^T*- I STI^cr ^
3TfrRJT JTsafar II ^
SayANa :
t 'Tr'TSTfrft ^ i r%
rfft i f ^ r r t^Trlt.
f*f*T VTTH: l m ^ ^ ^ rF T ^ T r I UIX sPTT^Tft°ft I ViJWt %-
^1% ^: I I ^ ^ 31%sr $T-
i arNRr: i fs^fr3 t ^ i r r a -
q m r ^ r *rre°T3 i Cpt*^ 'rrrcrrat
Sqf* STT*Rr R?Trr: H lT fer t ^ ^ rf qfl"
i rprr ^rsicr* i sfnr^icr ^ R #r< fricr i
IT* ^ ^1% STfrT^r 'Tr'T*** TOT^T R^TRTrfT
i fr t R f urar: i ^ r & frlrc rr crrcrrPf
W T ^ (T ? t% nr^r II
1. ^ :. ‘ My ow n/
2. yfa: This word occurs nowhere else. The verb vpjfcT is given
in one recension of Naigh. ii, 14, as one of 122 words all meaning
Verse 7.
P a d a p At h a :
3^rr-
Tirs I ^ ^ T ^ a j f a r P %¥• 3T^*. JT% ^ 1 % ^ :
^ rn % II vs
Sayana:
Verse 8.
P adapatha :
s js p r 5 Hvq-'j?; f f o r * j v r p f ; f f t
I U K T- w i ^ 5 f-
*P^«rr?r t - II <
1 Bomb. MS. omits a m. M. ( Ul. writes 3 * 3 ^ : ).
236 NOTES. No. 25.
Sayana:
t *ronr: ^nr? f^ w p fR t *s r :
gf| r^-fr^ | ^ w ^ 3'crpJTrr: ^tt^ t: i faftftr i sm -
*re3r 5rrr°f *tpt: sjtst^ ^ ° r ^ i ffr^rfr^ § r ^rgTs^Fir ^r*rc-
j^ 5 i ^prf *5T u r n - sr* w m r ^ w sre r’n s 11 ^ ° t i ^ ^ r r
5TTOT5 ^ cT P T U ^ r ^ : RTrT JSTcf II
N otes:
1. ^t *T:, etc. See note 4 on No. 20, verse 1 ( pp. 202-3 ).
2. and qR- See note 5 on No. 20, verse 3 (p. 205). [M. M.
and Lanman agree with Say.]
No. 25.
M anpala V II. SftKTA 88.
S ay a N A:
V erse 1*
P adapathA:
I f ^ ll *
SayanA :
[ N otes :
Verse 2.
I ’ a DAI'X t HA :
*rf? I ^ 3? ^ ^ stf%*rr: sH r-
^3= p ra r f % r ^ II ^
Sayana :
su'Tnffl’ ^ ° r e r ^ i f *r?^r 3 firar srrpRrra:
5 ^ r? tra !T >rr% ^ w m : i # ^ rg rcfir % «r: i arcrrr >?F°r: ^o ra rC T-
5 *H L 3 r v r r % s r p T ^ n r qrr«rr6t i i *? s r *r « r: # t w -
8TnP T 5 r w r r .- s t P t ^ t T r a r > r tH i g rr^ r: c n ^ rr t t ?r% g r ^ : i
<r?pfr t t *ir *rg- srcH ; i c t ' t t * I s r a ^ r « r r ?rr
f^ fh a r n . a r P T m ^ ^ u
N ote :
Verse 3.
P a d a p At h a :
*r«T*rv I aqPr ^ I f
^ ^ 11 \
S ayana :
Verse 4.
P adapatha :
srr 3 ? ^ f s^ h
I ^rrT r^ i t ^ *tt^ f *iHn
rtfp K ^TTrT JST^r: II V
Sayan a:
Verse 5,
P adapatha :
tr sjttr f r ^ ? r r ? » g £ ^ b r ie fe r ^ ^
3*r hjh J f ? p ? K JTPfJT i f ° r
II
.S a y a n a :
t ^<TrarifsrfTrfiT^TRT'iff^^aTR^f: 3>
anr srg?: i 3 0 w s arf^t? arrt’FWr^iJrRr
a im 1 i%ffi% ?jrar: 1 srfa ^ ? ^ R ’: s rv r ^ ^ °r 's
’ i ? 5r*i*r 1 i%? I sffrpr i |
240 NOTES. No. 25.
^ w t *rffrc* II
[ N otes :
Verse 6.
P ad ap Atha :
w - s r jf r - f ^ r : ^ s r r r r ffa
> I ht % *j% ? r w r% sp
II ^
Sayana:
I ^ ° r % ^ fegr s n fa f i srtrfr: 3^ I a-
fw JTT% 3TT«lfSTTTr^FT ST^TTffT I f^RT % ^ ^UsTT
^ 5 a ir § f^ r % 3 f ^ r ^ r - fw 35* ^
5?r?cr | 3t=p 3 w rf< i
•TFT ^ R c f s f v i : W II VS
VII. 89. NOTES. 241
SAyana :
8TST I
tpTS ST^TrSTg^ff |
No. 26.
M andala VII. StiKTA 89.
Sayana:
[ N ote :
Verse 1.
P adafatha:
? < n w fh r c w sspffa f J = i^ f T t f t M f t f f a it ? Ht 3 a r* *m
*ra fR « r i s t i t 3 g tfh fs r esprit n ? sim m P r i * r « r *rr 9®
5 *s n r 11 ^ °r ^■ n II
31
242 NOTES. N o. 26.
[N ote:
Verse 2.
Padapatha:
1 S§ T ? J|oJ2T II H
Saya n a:
t irn r^ fvr^
to r: ^Rfr £°r:
^ I| II
[N o t e :
Verse 3.
P a DA PAT HA :
C R r r r ?r|rsfqriT |
kjxv II \
Sayana:
? ftfo ^ °r areracpir
^ ° r: r?f|rT^
*nm 1 3?rr ^ sr^ : 1 crrf^r *rf *55 t II
Verse 4.
PA D AP AT HA :
fssre 11 v
1 Bomb. M>5. omits ttfcjsf. Uhvar MS. writes *J»T (sic).
V I I . 102. NOTES. 243
SAy a n a :
Verse 5.
P a d a p A^h a :
^ f ^ f T ? t 5^r sr#
w i % I s r r ^ r zrtT rrw m f tr ffc r m *•. st^ tN .
_I__♦s ^ rs_ II J
q W : ? ? R R ?: II \
!3a y a \ a :
No. 27.
M andala V II. S ukta 102.
S av a n a :
Verse 1-
P a d a p Atha :
II ^
S ayana :
N ote:
For Parjanya the student should consult Muir, S.T., v, pp. 140-142,
and the references to Biihler’d paper on that god given there.
Verse 2.
P adapatha :
z(: t o r ; w n p fr fc r sr^TT*r I q r ^ r :
S ayana :
^ sr^ : II
Verse 3-
P adapatha :
g-t ff ^ J T II \
S ayana :
No. 28.
M andala V III. StfKTA 30.
SA y a n a :
[ $OTE :
Verse 1.
P a d a p At h a :
Verse 2.
P adapatha :
^ I »r%t t * n g f% q r f•• II ^
246 NOTES. No. 28.
S ay a n a :
t ftirr ^ r: I >rH'rarlr^m: »w
jjgr?T t r%^PTT3>rrear$r*r r ^ i % ? r f ^rr=
^ vr^r argrf t ^rf>rr% ? h t # t *g?rrer: sre*T *rarr ^ r ’egar
w i srr^ tfr jprH re: i arer^ it 1 ?^T ^ r a ?f
? * fr r * 5 K m « p jJ I
N otes :
% f iw i r % a r ? ? ^ ft w k f R ? | HT
qsp 5 jr ^ ? f: || ^
S ayana :
Verse 4.
P a DA PATIIA :
% t i r ? : f f F -R % ^ r? T r: 3TT I STFTV^W
3$ fSJT*h i f # STORT II v
Sayana :
N otes t
No. 29.
M andala X. StiKTA 14.
Verse 1-
Pa DA PAT HA :
3 $ fa «rN h c jp f? h 5 r f n ^ 5 ? f 5V^ :
1 1 ? ^ w s it it^ ; ?*r** tr p p t
fftq r 11 \
S ayana :
3. am ^ rT F T ^ : I * (Say. on A. V.
xyiii, 1, 9.)
4. SFTRr*. ‘ Assembler of men’ or ‘gatherer of the peoples/]
Verse 2.
P adapI tha;
3T5 II ^
S a t ANA :
Verse 3.
P adapatha :
* fW ?? F ? II \
1 U lw ar MS. adds *if. Compare the reading ^TT of many o f M. M.’s MSS.
So also Bh. d. a ui. m s. w ^ T ft: ^ *tpt:. 3 m. m. ^?PT*rr*f^crr
iTrfhrj *T«3rpcT» against his MSS. See Preface to Second Edition vol. iv>
p. clxxxiii-
32
250 NOTES. No. 29.
Sa ya n a :
Verse 4.
P a da pat ;i a :
s * *iR<3nfirzfr * i rf
LI* ffter0* Read 3 ta °. For the accent see Whitney, para. 595 e.]
2. arf^ttPT: pfrjPtt- ‘ With our fathers the Angirases.’ The Angirases
have just been represented as, among the fathers, specially companions
of Yama in heaven. It seems a mistake to translate 4Angirases and
the fathers ’ as in Grassmann, Ludw ig and the S. L. Compare the
next verse and verse 6.
Verse 5.
P adapatha j
3 ? $ T : s f i r t 3TT W ? H T ^ fv r : W f f iflT -
| r jc r r % s rfo p r 5 % ffffq r ^
r ? ^ r ? l r II ^
S ayana :
Verse 6.
P adapatha :
T ‘ W -* ^ STWT‘ s p fo W : » J i k : tfR T T -
? 5 T ? II ^
S aYANA:
Verse 7.
P adapatha *
*T f r|- *T f f | ’T P T W -- I ^ T R 1: -p <jj?
| -j v r T rsrh r
|| v s
S ayana :
1 Ulwar MS. omits this sentence. 3 Bhau Daji: *T*^TlTtf. Ulwar MS.
omits this sentence.
X. 14. NOTES. 253
Verse 8-
P a DA PAT H A :
*P T I 3 Tf^ 3 / P ^ c j r r 3TT J f f ^ JT x ^ f
rPWT ^ « r a f : II ^
SayanA :
1 M. M. rTrf^.
254 no tes. No. 29.
Verse 9-
P a DA PAT HA :
3??^ | 3 T * p W - 3 T ? n fif: ^= 3 ^ :
f* r t ^ fr f? r 3 * f< * r r K II ^
S ayana:
t t t I 3 T «r f f f g% ^r %
JT #cT II V
S ayana:
3 T 3 ^ rj ?jr Tf^Rra'K'TT^Ir i ? i r f q - ? ^
y ? *rrcrorftR st^ w* i ’jf ^ r ^ i fsn fq p J i ir^aiTW-’ i r W srr stc -
*fcTT *W^ri%l^ ( Asval. Grih. iv, 3.) i
1 M. M.
X . 14. NOTES 255
qt % vm ?(%rrrtr
q p ^ rr I S T *#*. 5 ^ 'rir | f| ttst*
? ^ X t f ? \\ \ \
S ayana :
f f w **U l ^
256 NOTES. No. 2D.
SA y a s a :
1. arg^lr- 3T+ J ^ o r 3Tg + cPT. See note 2 on vii, 86, 5, pp. 232-3.
2. 3ft^P-*T KjfW- Whitney, para. 982 a.]
Verse 13.
P adapatha :
t ^I hhPi^ t i rnrr
w p i ff^ fr T I I 3T?r^c|H -q^T«l^ I
srf«?^ ffr I WfJrT: ^
Tr^frT 11
Verse 14.
P adapatha :
1 m. m. adds f^fHsrsr.
X. 14. NOTES. 257
Verse 15.
Padapatha :
s j f f r s w j : < j £ s 3 t « f - t jf v q - t T l ^ T f r r ^ II ^
S ayana :
Verse 16-
P a d a p At h a :
3 # <ri*r f ^ f f ^ l f t ^ p c .
^rr^Nt ^ m *p t 3Tr#5Tr II H
SIYANA :
[ N ote :
No. 30.
M a koala X , SOkta 90.
S ayana :
[ N otes :
Verse 1.
P adapatha :
fr f^ 3 T ^ r : w f ^ r p r I *r: » j r ^
ff^ r r : |?crr srfeir II ^
S iT A N A :
N ote :
Verse 2.
P a DA PAT HA :
S ayana :
^ i gfTJTrfhr vtssj
nrTfft- 2^sr TT? I ^'TRT: urf8^ 8 f o lggSM'g i rTO-
?[■■ ?rWstetr*rrPttntft ^ 'ra rls^ rf^ fP T sT n i: 13-?r srPr ^ s r ^ - r e i
W^rFmr«fi^rH: ^ n fr i 4«itm fchkui K 3 ? JTrfSf'Tr ^ r^ trfrjr f ^ R r -
^JTTllff?i% 3<HuiN?*n»rf?fsfr**r i f t f w r s n m ^ u r snjfff%
^'tr^nfSfsri ^fqrw>Tf>rra »p m **m # »> rcr#$ frw II
N ote :
Verse 3.
P adapatha:
N o te :
‘ Compare Atharvaveda x, 8 ,7 and 13: *‘ 7. W ith the half he
produced the whole world: but what became of that which was the
other half of him? ( ardhena visvam bhuvanam jajdna yad asya ardhath
leva tad babhuva ) 13. Prajapati moves within the womb ; though
unseen, he is born in many forms. With the half he produced the whole
world ; but the other half of him, what sign is there of it ? ” Compare
also Atharvaveda, x, 7, 8, 9.’ Muir, Sanskrit Texts, v, pp. 368-9,
note.
Verse 4.
P a DA PAT HA :
5*rnrf?r I ^ w r R m rW fiW
II*
Sayana :
^ *rtnW??Tfs ^ 5 ^ 5 ^ . I * W f? -
^^rnfreeercnr/l^r: sr^^°rfr^^fe’ ?^f°r arorwi
#4 Trfr >?raraf ^sqrnreofW i
ST^T 'TOTTf’T^T?^
Rtr?ir s n r iW ( Bhag. x, 4-2) i ?rtr q m w rw r a w giit*
f^nfts^FT”Prr^r: ^ if% i «rp tr^ [s?Pt]
i htcpt snf^nmrsi st'tw <nrf^r*r^-
gpt ffr fc m r fo r g ^ ra^rft wnf : 11
1 m. m. * m . m . arn^n^f^. * u i . m s . g w c ^ s fc fc s f
M. M. JTST^tf: 5 M. U. 3T[iT?q^'fTC. « Bh. D. MS, omits Jf^T.
X. 90. NOTES, 261
Verse 5.
P adapatha :
f| s^ g r 3TR 5^ : | * :
Verse 6.
P a d a p At h a :
f f^ t r |^r: ^ n r v3T?^rT | f * p p
srrcfra; w & m tffar- f » r t p r ^ § # : || ^
SAy a n a :
1 So my M.S. K .; M. M . <TC*TR*Tr W
262 n o te s; N o. 30.
Verse 7-
P a p a i*at h a :
fF ffq 1 * ^ ir I
?wr-- *n > 3m V ' f a p ’f ^ II ^
SA y a S a :
Verse 8.
P adapatha :
rr^ r^ ^ rr?T f f s f f r : |
fr W r ^ s r r r ^ r T y p w - 5 % 11 <
Sayana:
^ m < r 1 ^ r e i ^ - s s 'f r n f * ^ | r t p j s t s f 1 fn fO T T T w r^ -
=fKTWTf5T?rr?iin?5^r5«t ^ r P u m s ? * *hj?r I^ % 5pr-
*n f t ^ s r a i r f ?t t « > T r ^ R t? « n f: i rrar w m sH fn ? q T^ |w g S st9 n Ti% ^ r-
5iK®«Trwr^5j^ »*7n??r«rr*t. i s n r ^ r *r?°rr?«i: i < w H trr^
^n r^r^^R firfrf^ i T ^ * * r f ? s n r r c r 5 rrg ? *r«n t *r e r « r R < t t
&mw ST5rrf<^IP-^W I « ? 5 r r f ^ t ^ r ; ^ I 7^: I
o t <r*NRrfi?f?f?ftfir u
Verse 9.
P adapatha:
w fs ^ cb ^ rsp O T r i f i n f t f c I & ^ r i%
^ R f? rr^ rK II ^
X. 90. NOTES. 263
SA y a NA:
^rwrf^r sn srr- i
n r a n n ^ 5tf*j^ i w M irw affrw ^^irrw u
[N ote :
Verse 10-
Pa d a pa t h a :
3F*b 3RIRF!r % % n TH ^ rP I w : w
cr^TrfrT rr^JTTri; ^rrrr^ 9 T 3 R r ^ s II \ o
Sayan a :
i ?t o t *it>rr
s r w w n s ih ra rw %csrar*nrr i w«tr
fr w n ^ r r ^ p p * i r% ^ i 5rrwr: u
V erse 11.
P adapatha :
?T<T 5 ^qr*T f a 3^ 5 : f r f i r v r f% jp fc ,
irrc f^ r €r T r tr
?r?r It U
S ayan a :
s m -rR ts q 'T w rg p rn t^ f? ^ *rwr 1 s n ir r t ;
sn°rercT t^ r «t«rsr 3 ^
^ffWT ^frfcrt^: t «w 5^
f3fr*ireni 1 ^ sir* 1 i ^ 'rrrrg’ ^ fr 1 m
sra- f t f f t ’s n i't’ rr f N f a ft « r a r : snip 11
264 NOTES. No. 30.
Verse 12.
P adapatha :
For the reason for the several identifications, see note on the pas
sage by Griffith.]
Verse 13.
P adapatha :
5 «?fih 7 ? m r ^ fr fj 11
Sayana :
Verse 14.
P adapatha :
^rn-^i-- a re r fts p r ^ r; * r* i I
^ sv ^ rp i *jtfh f^ T : rpqlr # K n r
II
1 M. M. qjfNprf* &c.
X . 90. NOTES. 265
S ayana :
Verse 15-
P adapatha :
Tfr^^rfrR- srcrear*3if*r i
^ r : qftvra: mm- qftfSwRrfir-
r^r^r: 13T?r q r r a r ^ i
VW^ftfrT I rTrT qrT 3?rf|^W|r[r: I cpqT ^TPT"
f^ixrrrr^H ^^r^r frcrp i
Verse 16.
P adapatha :
f^ p cfrf# W P T WJTfR
I^ F w jt r : fr f^ <rf fiw r -
____ ^\|___ ___ | |
*T R T z m - 11
34
206 NOTKS. No. 31.
S A y ANA :
srTat^FfT'rif i t^rr w f-
*TR*R 5T5rrTIrm^^rT <g*nrT-<T: i
'w ^n^R irTrfar ^Rr^rPr vWlf°r vjir^rfa qr^rpr
2W^TT^!T l nrrrqiTT S?CTlr| T T ^ ^ r^ F T n }- ^r^lfrrT: i
i ^ ^ 1% <£#
srrwir: g*T?Rr: f^ r j^ r fo r c n ^ r 't^r f%grf==rr <r?rre? f r o ^ r -
fa^T ft m ^ R ^ ' r n ^ r srrsprfcr u
[N otk :
See Mnir’d remarks on this hymn at ]>. 373 of V ol. V. of the Sk.
Texts.]
No. 31.
M a n DA LA X , SftKTA 119.
S ayana :
[Notk :
Verse 1-
P a DA I’AT IIA :
3T T K ?ftr |l \
SA y a n a *
N otes :
1. ‘ I shall get m e/ i.e., ancl give to my faithful wor
shipper. Roth quotes *Rt|ct' ^hfiPT R- V . iii, 2 5 ,2 (Sayana,
srf^TqfPr q^pTftsq'sgipr *TRwrfft flirnr iii, 13, 2;
R^T^tirr 5ER=cf: vii, 52, 1 ( Sayana, | f^T^T^'aTr SR5^: *J3f
^H^crf 5pt *r *t gsrr«rt ^ *r ); r * *r ^ ^ f^ fa :
I 3TWfa: ( dat. ) e <T *Rfl viii, 81, 8 ( Sayana, f ^ z
3?^ W f^ T : tfR?* *R3RR^T cRT^r rt ^ ^ P ttT I% cT : ^ 3^*T«T
*T § ^ff ); ix> 9’ 9; X> 97> 5-
2. ^TftrT. An interrogative particle the verb after which is accented.
It never has the meaning Sayana puts upon it here.
Verse 2.
P adapatha :
# * t a r STTT’ T ff?T || ^
Sayana :
Verse 3.
P a DA PAT h a :
Verse 4.
P adatatha :
?rf ? |
tr4 ?q ^ctr^ffcr II %
Sayana :
Verse 7.
P a d a p At h a :
S ayana :
Verse 9.
P adapatha :
S ayana :
i ii% ^ i 3^ -
h «tt s fM r fa ? f t f*rr^ r ?? ^r * j h i % i ?r% ?<s r fa ff^ ifa i
Verse 10-
P a DA PAT HA :
ajrsnr | M t* w grf^rfpr ? f f r f f fr I
tr* re r sit K STcr 11 \ 0
S ayana :
3TT^5* This word occurs nowhere else in the Rigveda. Roth refers
to Naigh. ii, 15, where it is given as one of the synonyms of f§r*r,
and quotes Atharvaveda, ii, 3G, 1; vii, 73, G ; xii, 3, 31. He takes the
connection of thought between it and the root to burn to be of the
game kind as the German ( and English ) phrases ‘ 1 burn to do it /
and the like.
Verse 11.
P a d a pat h a :
fe fr % 3 ? ^ : 1ST- 3T*P | | r ^
STTr^ffcT II w
S ayan A :
^ r1 i i *nr mc^r i f^ -
*s r ^r% cqrT^ i i
1 MSS. aj^PT* M.M. corrects to ^T^TT^. Bat S&ynna wishes to use the
imperfect. Compare below.
X . 121. N O TE S. 271
Verse 12.
Padapatha :
arwp-qpu T fp fr ^ ^ rr ^ i s w f^ ft s r n '1 %
( Pan. y , 1, 2 ) rT%^ <TTffrvRr^T^ 1 ^ ^ r r f W c f r f ^ *t4V -
V[m: ( Pan. ii, 1,14) i OTKTCTC \ST^rfeffp-^frf^cT g ^ r : m ffcrrf *TfT-
*rsrre*T *r?rrrefa *TfFrr^r i *Tf^*fr i srwcr^sr-
I ^TFfTfrT 11
Verse 13.
P adapatha :
jp -: ^rrr% I | rfa ^
s ro K ^ II ^
SA y a n a :
No. 32.
M andala X. StJKTA 121.
SAy a n a :
s r s r r r f^ r ^ 1% - f ^ i
^ s ^ r p * w 5nrrcrRft^rfT i <ror ^ r ^ F c r * i fl^^R prr mx f t ^ r i r f :
srr^rrr^T: ^rsrfaicf i *m: 1 T^frl'qr^ir^r^ ^f^rf
1 M. M.
272 N O TE S. No. 32.
^r^SfP I I *HT^rPT
fi% xrrsrrq^rr f ( A s ' v a l . iii, 8) i ? f N t ft* a*nPT
fc^ r r i wftrer ^ i srr w ^ * o * i p f : sf% strT-
^ R r r ^rf*r?r ^ r^ r ?fcr ( As'vai. ii, 17 ) u
N ote :
Verse 1.
P a DA PAT HA :
5 T f?[rr 3# » f c r ^ 3T_r?r- T r ip ^
3 T p fr q I w - iM f r t<=t f J T f * f^ rP T
f i w f^ n r || \
Sayana :
i w r ^ ^frr-
i 11 r *i*\r-
f f f i ^ rrq-^tcT^: rrr^
i * i ^tstpt fl?:-
srsnr
i ^ *u<rir *ncr*r^ q^nw *: ^ r^R^rrrr^r
*rrm: q fc r ff^ i ?r 3rfr
rTff *r sprfr RrsrfNf ^rf f^ g cr arfir f^ w p tfw r p r r
fffi i arsr l ^
Verse 2.
P adapatha :
Verse 3.
P adapatha :
STFTrP R W T r p . fr ff^ W T ^ T t f T T 5 T T
l M. M. JTWrP.
X . 121. NOTES. 275
Verse 4.
P adapatha :
fa s te r * w ^ r r f ^ r
W V I ^ f*TT*- ? ^ r - ^ | w ref
f iW 11 v
Sayana :
[1. r*Rr« The Rasa is a distant river, in some respects like the
Gr. Okeanos-M. M. See Muir, ii. 343, note 119.]
This against Muller, who says that the reading o f the M SS. u ia
simply unintelligible,” and reads ^RT:
f^TRpfrr m from conjecture. It w ill be seen that I have
amended my explanation o f SAyana’s meaning. I owe the explana
tion of srrWf: and the suggestion that we should write for qfc-
3T9J to [R . G .] Bhandarkar.
Verse 5.
P adapatiia :
s r # sqr in js fr ^ fs s fr ^
^ p T cn t ^ I ^ rr f^ r
f f % q T rlf*ror |i \
S a v a \a :
Verse 6.
T 'a d a i 'atiia :
*?rr ? fc r if t ^rfvr ^ f a n r
* n r a r T ^ r r r t ? f* r I ^ sff^r
3 T #r ?3T *r f f% q r f f ^ r II %
S ayana :
1 M. M. from conjecture.
X . 121.’ NOTES. 277
fa 13T«t^Rmntrc?*ireprTTT«r» I *r^<rerr-
snrmr ^5 : 3 Tt<r 7 * 4 srnr; ?nr pprrRr srarrat 1
sfr'fpr Pfgr 1 jiR H 'T ^ ftff *rt; s r f ^ r a ^ m . 1 ^ srw
15TR5 II
[ N ote :
Verse 7.
P adapatha :
ff=r^rr 1?^? II vs
S ayana :
Verse 8.
P adapatha :
sp wftnrr ^rrjrn
^ M p I q-s a r f t « N ? J a n # !,
I^ h t f f W f ? * * 1? li €
•SAy a s t a :
Verse 9.
P adapatha :
| m r i c r w t *tt r t * jf? s r f^ s fr t S t -
p rr II \
Sa y a n a :
Verse 2.
P adapavh a :
v n f ir | 3 t =-it ^ * r %
* p l ? r II H
S ayana :
^t4 ^ p f
?^crn*rR ^ fr ^ R ^ Tknf§ i ^ r ^reir*rr srfa ^ <£r°r ^ ^
l rHTT ^r**T% ^JTT^ tft>R ^ f ^ R F STRfat cR-
1s T ^ ^ f a n r r ? t n ^ R f n r r ^ : i
^TT^Rr^T;5or ^Krfr5^rTT^%l% §T: ^RrTcqT^ I ^rm fasR 3jq% I
1 f f sir* *t3 p trrt s r^ r * r ^ h r t ? * ^ -
vjr^rfa 1 q w srsrr: grFRcr ( Utt.
Mim. iii, 2, 38) ^ S R T W ^ K 'T *R ftm * 11
N o tes :
^ ^1%^T:lZftHiZzUW- l ^ l c f i g^lcTf'T'cSTF^ f I f^ °T
JT^FT art s ftp p I ^
f? £ : S f c ^ 3 * ^ T lfim i ^ ^ R lc T r f ^ >T¥rr I 3?<T: ^\TPl\^\ %\^
^rT r^ns^rracr i $*£i I f^r f c^r *r^f r ^ % ^ 7 ftf^ ^ n w 3 : f^nftspr
(Ait- Br. iii, 2 i)i ^ r ^ f % ^ * ^ ^ ^ # ^ r e ^ r c W T P r :
f%^.*1 ^ r a- ^ c^ rn ? f m s its t * ^
s t r ^ t :1 f ^ n r ? ° r *w t; ^ R ^ p f r I
^ JT^rrTi^ f t ^Rrf?*T°r^-rh ffasrr sn’^rrr^r^
qr^rcJT^^- ^r f t t * vfx^Xn i qrft^ T ^ r^ n
[ N o te :
Verse 2.
P adapatha :
f r t r r £ % * r II R
S ayana :
stand 3tTR^r an^ BT3T with these clauses. But in view of verse
4, I prefer to take them as independent sentences.
Verse 3.
P a DA PAT HA :
3T: SPRT* P W T ^ c T : ^ ^ s p tc H
I Itr | ^ r ffr-
<rr f f ? ? II
S ayana :
1 M. M. sjW rF .
X . 121. NOTES. 275
Verse 4.
F adapatha :
fffF S F c P 5 ^ «srr I W ? f
ff>rr v r e f^ F ft T fr r R i^ i -* i ?R sts ^ p t f I w q ^ rr w r
s r f ^ f f *T ^ s ,STfh% i f^ R r ; T # m l ares
JT3lT<T?tfft*gT I ^ e W rrT f^ R W R IS T I
rRrr i ^rar 5T?w. i rrffft ^rr i H rl^ rn r* i srramrsrer-
^ l ^flPT^lPr: *T? I "ghfcir^PT I fT^^rgspr *T?PTT-
n iftc ^ r f• a F T ^ f ^ ^ ffs jfw r: i # r r : srf^sr; j t r ^ i t ^ r i r « t r a T :
#rriTft?T i rror ^rs i i s r f t r s ^ tp i .g-spj-
s n v r r ^ ^ r fn ’: s?f^r«r mu ^ g r r : i rre* w ^ rn r * r p t <$°r 11
N otes :
[1. ^FTr. The "Rasa is a distant river, in some respects like the
Gr. Okeanos-M . M. See Muir, ii. 343, note 119.]
This against Muller, who says that the reading of the MSS. u is
simply unintelligible,” and reads BTTSTOPSTr:
f^TRPfTf from conjecture. It will be seen that I have
amended my explanation o f SAyana's meaning. I owe the explana
tion of srrc^Tf-* and the suggestion that we should write for sjfc-
to [R. G.] Bhandarkar.
Verse 5.
P a d a p At h a :
w - ^ f»fr ^
^ r p r fr n : ^rrsr- I w - s j-cr ir ^ T H rer* % » r F n
^ n r f f r q r f f S n r li \
S ayana :
Verse 6.
P ad apa tiia :
q r r s f p ^ f r ? frr s r w s r rT F P T R - if t s r p r q-^rernj;
^ rrrt I ^ ^ w j •• fu r r ie r
fR-^rr fM * ? II ^
S ayana :
fr n R T R ^ r : snrrTR K R ^rrqT^RT^fr i ^ 5% f t
r i w <Ti^r^^rffffrr (Tait. Bi\ ii, 2, 9, 4.) i ^ arq-gr * $ f r frj?rr
c t ^ r r srsrrqfrRr ^ g1 ^ st’s tp tr *r*tt
sc^ ^ q -^ rT R i f$r ^s r i r^srsTfire^rer-
i sT rf^r ^ r t s r i ^ i *5Rr^ *t^r r Crc* R R i
i ^ I'm rr^ ^ rt^ rH ^ T ^ rrrrt \ sr$r fws-*
i <K°rr ^ ^r^RrRc^c^r^r^rfrqr (P;A m. vi, 4, 125) 1
fa 1 I w i t *rfl«i5rr-
S R iror gft?T: STHT: *Tsr f^TTRT SHTRJ^ 1
Pmr i im T^'rrc ?r% n t ; s r f n ^ ^ : ^ i *r $
S5TR5 II
[ N o te :
It would be well to read for and the various
reading in A. Y . iv, 2, 3 decidedly points in that direction—M. M.]
Verse 7.
P adapatha :
5T^n'crfrr: * R * R c r i^ s w r f^ n f? ^ u
Verse 8.
P a d a p At h a :
f h s t F g f n r m . i f f s f r c q ’: i m t m ; i r R ^ n f h r r *rf^nr
*rf%wr i ’Tffr'r--1 r a r c f r n 'r a 'r e ^ 'r f e f i' i
It s ^ q m r 'r c ^ tr^ : airarer *wr& i
3re?T*^R?*f1’ ^ s I 3lferRt^tT% SfltePPP (P a n . vii, 3, 96 ) I ?R^
>wi n
[ N otes :
Verse 9.
P adapatha:
^5nspffr*rftPr§STft W w i npnr ^ 1
trsirTt *r ?f?t ( Asval. iii, i o ) t 's ffo r f^ p fc r ^ r r ?PTnrr i
^ i %*rr g w r n w a r r m n a r if ^ n ^ r ?(% f^raPr:
q-JTrfii =T ?Rt ^ ( Asval. G iih. i, 4. ) i
$ jt5th% tTrrrfqr ??Rlr TffrpnPr f ^ r firgrrcr
^r^rfSr i # r ? ^ r a tw r'p i *rmTFr sr«R f^ ^ P T r% m wrr%
wjrstrmPr ^ qR spgr *r 't r ' is Uft =t ^rsfrnT i ?5jwrrr% Tr>;»m
^rafnfrfrr »rr^ i 'r fW n r : i ^ =*r 3r«t>mr: cftr-
^?<T: ^'TTP? W T T 3 W 3 -T^fl I fTOT
^ q ^ r f jw = ^ i Jrmsswc^rfafrr ^t r u
[ N ote :
It should be noticed that the Padapatha o f this verse in no way
differs from the Samhitapatha. This is one of the six verses, which,
according to Kaegi, “ appear to have forced themselves into the R ig-
text only after the introduction o f the Padapatha and show the
Samhita form even in the Pada manuscripts.’ ’ — K aegi’s R gv. tr. by
Arrowswith, n. 79, p. 120.]
No. 33.
M andala X . SOkta 125.
Sayana t
i f^rrr ^rr^rer srgrf^nsfr w
^nr?ra^r^i stcP i i ^t
rfr^rcJ^T^T^^ Wffbr *rf w*fn%
FTR*TR ScflRt 1 VZZV TOT I <TOT^sfiFcPTl
^mT^°fr ffrffar i fqrfa^fap n
[N ote :
For some remarks by Max Muller on this hymn see his “ Vedanta
Philosophy, ” pp. 144-7, See also Griffith’s notes,]
Verse 1.
P adapatha :
f f ^ ^ t I ^ f i r fip r r ^ r r F ^ r r f^ f? ^ fJ T f-fn r r -
ff? r a jf » r a r f W th t II \
Say an a :
h # tffK w ? f r si^?r 5r*r e >rc°f a r^ irsn ^ ft si>ft *tN>r-
^ P r; if cTrfrar i i »pr ^ ^ w - i r =ro-
280 NOTES. N o. 3 3 .
^ f i r # T * t , 3 C T fW T f f « f % JT JrT
vht ’ t 1 3 j f it ^ v rr% q s fa r e n r
? p ? t II H
S ayana :
N otes :
Verse 3.
P adap Atha :
?ir^ n N K u ^
S ayana:
Verse 4.
P adapatha :
m 3 d p T 3 T i% m «rt «p
ft arrrij II v
36
282 NOTES. No. 33.
Sayana :
Verse 5.
P adapatha :
Sayana :
1 Bhau Dnji MS. W^fTT. a Bhau Daji MS. omits this clause. 8 M. M.
^ ffW ^ n fts q r o r f. [ 1 Not ulL See Muir, iii;' 257 and Ludwig.]
X . 125. N OTES. 283
Verse 6.
P a d a p a t iia :
2 n fW 5 ^ r s r a ? r » i% s m t o w i ^ 3 * fr i ^ v r 'W 'r r
? r 4 tf* r s s r a r b t t c r t s F rrtfn i i s « r f| % s r r e p r m t s r t s r c t
fo s tfS fa r flm g * ?= *rt ^ ffi? » 3 9 1
s t ^ t t v ? r l ^ r c r f | n i i ? i ^ T ^ » r T 5? n r ? w * r i ^ *u f t ) m w * p g f l sr# -
Timur: i ^^ ihm gfw°r: *nrepm rag*ff i ssrs*;
? j s p i s t ^ S p t * r < r ^ i h * t f t F r a i m n ^ r ^ r ^ r* r^ rq rr* r: i w n r s r T n }
? r f f t - : se t? * n r r H * r ? * fr < jr€ rf*r i rr*rr w n r r s i W r f i t =*r s f t ^ r f
’^ r a fft r r a r MfHTr ftts r srfte^ ft n
N o te :
p?rar 4 That his arrow may slay all that hate G od/
For the construction, see Whitney, paras. 287 and 982 a. ^ is a
weapon, as in i, 100, 18. Sayana = c^or.
Verse 7-
P a d a p At h a :
SAy a x a :
Verse 8.
P ADArAfHA i
S ayana :
iprr? w \s ^ g r : qr t o t t r l i s t r i s f i n ^ l w ^ rw °i\ i
1 M. M. ^ ;P C 3 M. M. - ^ f ^ T ,
X . 16?. NOTES. 285
No. 34.
M andala X. StfKTA 168.
S ayana :
Trsr*tr^wPr^r*3<Mw i4 ^ t^ rr-
sk* i ? w m tm rP ivi *r**aiPW»l 1?f<ft rp rp t:| |
[ N ote t
Translated in “ Vedic Hymns,” Part i. (S. B . E.), 449, and Muir's
•‘ 8k. Texts/* v9 145-6.
Verse 1.
P adapAjh a :
*r?ta 5 Id l ’*Tpr^ p k * p n r s f a « f r K w
W | ?ri% ?■% f m
| f^ ^ r II ^
Sa ya n a :
Verse 2.
P adapatha :
* f l% ffsp^r: arr j t w ?
I r T fW
areq1 THTf II ^
S ayana :
Verse 3.
P a DA PAT HA :
3=F?Tft% £ f a p r : *T f t
3 ? f r l f f r I 3j<rro; W r w ? r « 3 i r s ^ c r ^ r £ R f ^ stp t:
3TT II \
S ayama :
» T « B ^ ?ITf= 3i5PT*Rry:
f^*r *r Pr fasr% sffaPrcrft i f% g *r « s i% i
’Tspi. i n s r r r s ^ T R r *n g r i *r r g l ? e w f^ ? r Tt% $ r r 1 sro»rs(T:
snfsr*-^: ‘ fediqi <r^>j‘ff ^T5: s
»?n$t?r 3n?f: 5 »r o ti? ^wn%«=*i**«r«rr«r^r rt w#■amajr-
JTt?T l *%ST ^ W ^ f r e ftg Tf t w liftW iK* sf 9 p n ft |Tfg *T**RT
f ***?•• II
N otk :
5TI^T frx^T ^rr^HTTlT:. R°^h believes that we should read 3T< for
3f£: here, so as to make ^TrTq^rS an emphatic ‘ never.’
Verse 4.
P ad a i'ajka :
SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES-
[iv. 54.
N ote :
For the distinction between Surya and Savitri see Kaegi’s Rig-
veda, p. 57.
vi. 55, 5.
Add to note :
The gods bad given Pushan to Surya as a eon and he had sought
Surya’s hand on the occasion of her svayamvara.
vi. 57, 3.
In later Sk. means fire. It may be like stffT from srsr,
probably expressing originally the idea o f moving about. Or
it may be, according to scholastic interpreters, from Agni being con
stantly represented as the carrier of the sacrificial oblation. The
word “ in the Veda is distinctly applied to the bright fire or light.’ ’
Besides this meaning there are two others, “ first that of
a carrier, vehicle, and, it may be, horse ; secondly that of minister or
priest ” (See No. 22, v. 5). With regard to the latter it may be
mentioned that “ was used in Sk. in the sense of carrying out
or performing a rite, particularly as applied to the reciting of
hymns.” Hence such compounds as and
“ The fact that is followed in several passages by would
seem to show that the office of the was chiefly that of recitation,
or of addressing prayers to the gods."— Max Muller's Vedic Hymns,
Part i., pp. 37 43.]
37
APPENDIX TO NOTES.
Paras. 80 to 83, 85 to 87, and 90 of Whitney's Sanskrit Grammar•
80. The phenomena of accent are, by the Hindu grammarians of
all ages alike, described and treated as depending on a variation of
tone or pitch ; of any difference of stress involved, they make no
account.
81. The primary tones ( svara) or accent-pitches are tw o : a
higher ( udatta raised), or acute; and a lower ( anudatta not
raised), or grave. A third (called svarita: a term of doubtful
meaning ), is always of secondary origin, being (when not enclitic :
see below, 85) the result of actual combination of an acute vowel and
a following grave vowel into one syllable. It is also uniformly
defined as compound in pitch, a union of higher and lower tone
within the limits of a single syllable. It is thus identical in physical
character with the Greek and Latin circumflex, and fully entitled to
be callcd by the same name.
82. Strictly, therefore, there is but one distinction of tone in the
Sanskrit accentual system, as described by the native grammarians
and marked in the written texts: the accented syllable is raised in tone
above the unaccented; while then further, in certain cases of the
fusion of an accented and an unaccented element into one syllable,
that syllable retains the compounded tone o f both elements.
83. The svarita or circumflex is only rarely found on a pure long
vowel or diphthong, but almost always on a syllable in which a vowel,
short or long, is preceded by a y or v representing an originally acute
i- or M-vowel.
a. In transliteration, in this work, the udatta or acute will be
marked with the ordinary sign of acute, and the svarita or circumflex
( as being a downward slide of the voice forward ) with what is
usually called the grave accent: thus, «, acute, yd. or va, circumflex.
85. But further, the Hindu grammarians agree in declaring the
(naturally grave ) syllable following an acute, whether in the same
or in another word, to be svarita or circumflex— unless, indeed, it be
itself followed by an acute or circumflex ; in which case it retains its
grave tone. This is called by European scholars the enclitic or
dependent circumflex.
37
A P P E N D IX TO NOTES. 291
(<7) Thus, in Uni and t6 <w,the syllable na and word m are regarded
and marked as circumflex; but in icna t6 and U ca svdr they are grave.
(&) This seems to mean that the voice, which is borne up at the
higher pitch to the end of the acutc syllable, does not ordinarily drop
to grave pitch by an instantaneous movement, but descends by a more
or less perceptible slide in the course of the following syllable. No
Hindu authority suggests the theory of a middle or intermediate tone
for the enclitic, any more than for the independent circumflex. For
the most part, the two are identified with one another, in treatment
and designation. The enclitic circumflex is likewise divided into a
number of sub-varieties, with different names: they are of too little
consequonce to be worth reporting.
(c) All the grave syllables, however, which follow a marked cir
cumflex, are left unmarked, until the occurrence of another accented
syllable causes the one which precedes it to take the preparatory
stroke below. Thus,
but
T H A lsT S L A T IO lT .
HYMNS If BOM THE KIGVEDA. 21) 5
Rigveda I. 19.
1. To my pleasant sacrifice I summon theo, and bid thee:
drink this milk: Come, Agni,1 with the Maruts.^
2. No god, no mortal is stronger than thee,, 0 mighty one :
Come, Agni, with the Marnts.
3. That host of god s, who roam oyer the great sky, unharm
ed of any : Come, Agni, with the Maruts.
4. Who fiercely sing their thunder song, irresistible in their
m ight: Come, Agni, with the Maruts.
5. Bright, fearful to look on, strong rulers, devourers of
their foes: Come, Agni, with the Maruts,
6. Who sit as gods in the sky on the bright vault of heaven
Come, Agni, with the Maruts.
7. Who toss the waves in mountains across the surging sea :
Come, Agni, with the Maruts.
8. Who stretch mightily across the sea with their rays:
Come, Agni, with the Maruts.
9. Lo, I pour out for thee the soma mead, drink thou it first:
Come, Agni, with th6 Maruts.
Rigveda I. 25.
1. Though we break thy law daily, men as we are, O God
Varuna,
2. Give us not over to the deadly stroke of our enemy ; give
us not over to the wrath of our foe.
3. W e will unloose thy mind mercy wards with these our
songs, as a traveller unlooses his horse.
4. My prayers fly up from me, seeking my heart’s desire, as
birds to their nests.
5. When shall we bring here to us the Man Varuna, the
universal Lord, that he, whose eyes are over all, may
have mercy upon us.
6. See, the Two5 joyously receive their common oblation :
t h e y d o n o t d e s p is e t h e fa it h fu l g iv e r .
7. Varuna knows the way of the birds that fly in the air: he
knows the way of the ship on the sea.1
8. The righteous Varuna knows the twelve months with their
children2: he knows the month that is born besides3.
9. He knows the track of the wide, high and great wind4:
he knows them that sit thereon.5
10. The righteous Varuna has sat down in his house ; the
strong one to rule over all.
11. From thence he marks and sees all his wondrous works,
that have been, and that are to be.
12. May he, the strong ruler, Aditi’s son, this day and every
day make straight our way before us6 : may he prolong
our lives.
13. Varuna has put on his golden breast-plate and his shin
ing raiment: his spies sit down around.
14. The evil-minded seek not to injure him, nor those who do
men hurt: the God has no foe to fear.
15. And he it is who og i v e s blessing
o in no half-measure to us
men, filling our bellies with food.
16. My prayers go up to him, like kine to their pasture
lands,7 seeking him whose eyes are over all.
1 As a ship t hat passeth over the waves of the water, which when it is gone
by, the trace thereof cannot be found, neither the pathway of the keel in the
waves ; or as when a bird hath flown through the air, there is no token o f her
way to bo found, but the light air being beaten with the stroke of her wings,
and parted with the violent noise and motion of them, is passed through, and
therein afterwards no sign where she went is to be found .— Wisdom o f Solumon,
Chap. v, ver. 10, 11. Compare also Proverbs, Chap, xxx, ver. 19.
2 The days. 3 The intercalary month.
4 The wind bloweth where it li.teth, and thou hearest the sound thereof
but caust not tell whence it cometh, and whither it goeth . — Gospel o f Si. John,
Chap. iii, ver. 8 .
5 He rode upon a cherub and did fly : and he was seen upon the wings of the
wiud.— II. Sumuel, Chap. xxii, ver. 2. He walketh upon the wings of the
w in d .— ‘Pstilms civ. ver. 3.
6 I will cause them to walk by the rivers of waters in a straight way,
wherein they shall not stumble ; for I am a Father to Israel, and Ephraim is
my firstborn. — Jeremiah, Chap. xxxi, ver. 9.
7 As the hart panteth after the water-brooks, so panteth my soul after thee,
O God .— Psith/is, xlii, ver. 1 .
THE £IG V E I)A . 297
17. Come now* and let us talk together1, since I have brought
the mead : like a priest thou art eating the morsel
dear to thee.
18. Lo, I see him who is seen of all, I see his chariot on the
earth : he has accepted my song.
19. Hear my call, 0 Vartma, and to-day have mercy upon
me : I am needy and call upon thee.2
20. Thou art wise, and art Lord of all, of heaven and of earth:
21.
listen and answer on fchy way.
Loose from my head, from my body, from my feet, the
snare3, that I may live.
Rigveda I. 115. ^
1. The bright face o f the gods is gone up the sky, the eye
of Mitra, of Varuna, of A gni: SuryaMias filled heaven,
earth, and the mid sky,, soul of the moving and
standing world.
2. The Sun follows the divine and shining Dawn, as a wooer
follows his mistress5 — — — — — — —6
3. Bringing us blessing the yellow horses of the Sun, bright,
swift, worthy to be praised, bend, and climb the steep
of the sky: in a moment they go over heaven and earth.
1 W ith this bold invocation to a present God, and the prayer of the last verse
here, compare Isaiah, Chap. i. ver. 18, where God is the speaker: Come now, and
let us reason together, saith the Lord : though your sins be as scarlet., they
shall bo as white ad snow ; though they be red like crim son, they shall be as
w ool.
* But I am poor and needy ; yet the Lord thinketh upon me ; thou art my
help and my deliverer ; make 110 tarrying, O my God.— Psalms, xl. ver. 17. Bow
dow n thine ear* O Lord, hear m e ; for I am poor and needy.— Psalms, lxxxvi.
ver. 1.
3 The sorrows o f hell compassed me about ; the snares of death prevented
me. In my distress I called upon the Lord, and cried to my God . . . He
brought me forth into a large place ; he delivered me, because he delighted in
me.— Psafaris, xviii. ver. 6, 7 and Id.
* The San.
5 In them (i.e., the heavens) hath he set a tabernacle for the su n ; which is
as a bridegroom com ing out of his chamber, and rejoiceth as a strong man to run
a race. His going forth is from the end of the heaven, and his circuit unto the
-mds o f i t : and there is nothing hid from the heat thereof.— Psalms, xix. ver. I, 5.
6 Here, and in a few other places farther on, I prefer to mark an om ission
wither than give a translation w hich could only be co n je ctu ra l.
38
298 HYMNS FROM
, 2. Who fixed fast the quivering earthy who made the moving
mountains rest; who measured oat the wide sky, who
propped op heaven, He, 0 men, is Indra.
3. Who slew the serpent and let loose the seven streams,
who drove out the kine from the cave of Vala; who
begat fire within the two stones,1 a spoiler in battles,
He, 0 men, is Indra.
4. By whom all this world was shaken, who pat under us
the dark skin f who, like a gambler that has won
a lakh, laid hold of the wealth of our foe, He, O men,
is Indra.
5. Of whom fchoy ask,r<rYVbere is He” in this awful manner,
and even say, “ He is not” 3; He brings to nought the
wealth of the foe like a gambler’s stake, He, O men,
is Indra.
0. Who is the fnrtherer of the rich, and of the poor, of the
priest and of the suppliant singer: who is the helper
of the man that brings together the stones, and pours
out for him the soma, God of the shining face, He,
O men, is Indra.
7. In whose gift are horses, and kine, and villages, and all
chariots ; who begat the sun, who begat the dawn,
who is the leader of the waters,4 He, O men, is Indra.
8. On whom Heaven and Earth,5 who are joined, call, and all
enemies, high and low ; on whom two warriors stand
ing in the same chariot call, each for himself, He, O
men, is Indra.
& Without who in men do not conquer, on whom the warriors
call for h elp; who is the image of this whole world,
who is the shaker of what never before was shakei,
He, 0 men, is Indra.
1 Perhaps heaven and earth, the fire being lightning. [ O r perpaps clouds.]
a The aborigines o f the land.
3 Knowing this first, that there ahall come in the last days scoffers, walking
after their own lusts, and saying, Where is the promise o f hiB com iiigf for
since the fathers fell asleep, all thingB continue as they were from the begin
ning of the crea tion .— II Jettr, Chap. iii, ver. 3, 4*
* The monsoon rains.
E5 See note o-n h'raiuJ.ast p. 121.]
THE ItfGVEDA. 301
10. Who has struck down with his dart, while they least
thought of it, many who were doing great evil ; who
does not forgive the stubbornness of the man that
provokes him, who is the slayer of his foe, He, 0
men, is Indra.
11. W ho found out in the fortieth autumn Sambara1 abid
ing in the hills ; who slew that dragon boasting of
his might, the sprawling demon, He, 0 men, is Indra.
12. Who—a strong Bull with seven strings2—let loose on
their path the seven streams ;s who, thunderbolt in
hand, smote down Rauhina as he was climbing
heaven, He, 0 men, is Indra.
13. Heaven eveh and Earth bow down before him, at his very
breath the hills are in fear : known to us as the drinker
of our soma, and the wielder of the thunderbolt, He,
O men, is Indra.
14. Who protects with his help both him that pours out the
soma and him that brews it, Who helps the singer ahd
the sacrificer; to whom our prayer and our soma, and
these our gifts are for an increase of strength, He, O
men, is Indra.
15. O Mighty God, that hast rich gifts for all that worship
thee, thou indeed art true : may we, 0 Indra, at all
times be dear to thee, arid, with our children about us,
praise thy deeds.
8. And let our sacrifice go forward till it reaches all the gods :
strew rushes for a seat for them.
9. Here may the Maruts sit, and the two Asvins, and Mitra,
and Yaruna : the gods in all their tribes.
Rigveda Y. 83.
1. Call on the strong Parjanya1 in this hymn, praise him,
worship him, and bow down before him : for now, loud
roaring, the Bull, in quick showers of rain, puts his seed
within the plants, and they bring forth.
2. On every side he smites down the trees, smites down the
spirits of darkness ; the whole creation trembles before
him of the mighty spear: even the guiltless flee before
his onset, when Parjanya thundering smites down the
evil-doers.
3. Like a charioteer striking his horses with the whip, he
puts forth his messengers of rain: from afar the thun-
derings of the lion arise, when Parjanya fills the sky
with rain.
4. The winds blow, the lightnings fly, the plants spring upr
the sky pours : food for the whole world is made, when
Parjanya comes to Earth’ s help with his seed.
5. Thou at whose word Earth bends low, thou at whose
word cattle and the many-coloured plants scatter, O
Parjanya, do thou grant us thy great protection.
6. And you, ye Maruts, give us rain from heaven, make the-
streams of the strong horse run down: forth, Parjanya,
with thy thunder ; pour down on us the rain, 0
Heavenly Father.
7. Roar and thunder, sow the seed, fly around with thy
watery car : drag after thee the water-skin, loosened
and head downwards, let the high and the low places be
made one.
8. Draw up thy great bucket and pour it out, let loose its
streams that they may rush onwards: water heaven and
earth with fatness, let there be good drinking for the
cattle.
1 The god of the rain.
39
306 HYM N S FROM
Kigveda Y I. 53.
1. We have yoked thee, 0 Pushan, lord of paths, like a
chariot to our hymn, that we may obtain food.
2. Bring to us the wealth that men desire, bring to us a
manly, liberal, kindly patron.
And him that will not give do thou, Pushan, urge forward
to a g ift: break down the heart of the churl.
4. Open up paths that we may obtain food, slay our enemies:
let our desires be accomplished, 0 fierce God.
<5. Pierce the hearts of the churls with thy weapon, O wise
one : subdue them to us.
6. Strike them with thy weapon, 0 Pushan, seek out for us
that which is dear to the heart of the churl: subdue
them to us.
7. Pierce and tear the hearts of the churls, 0 wise one: sub
due them to us.
5. Thou bearest, Pushan, a weapon to stir up prayer; with
it pierce and break up the heart of every one.
9. Thou hast a goad furnished with thongs of cowhide for
driving cattle; we seek its protection.
10. And make this our prayer availing, for kine, for horses,
for wealth that becomes men.
R ig v e d a Y I . 54.
"S. Pushan’s wheel is not broken, its box does not fall: its
tire is not shattered.
4. And if one serve this God with an offering., Pushan will
not be angry with him: he shall get wealth first.
5. May Pushan go after our cattle, may Pushan protect our
horses, may Pilshan give us food.
6. 0 Pushan, go after the cattle of thy worshipper, who
pours out the soma for thee; and of us who praise-thee.
-7. Let nothing be lost, or injured, or fall into a p it : come
to us with our cattle all safe.
-8. Pushan hears us, therefore do we call upon him; the watch
ful God who loses nothing that is his, the Lord of wealth.
4). May we, Pushan, living in thy land suffer no evil: see
we are here thy worshippers.
10. May Pushan stretch out his right hand far and wide;
and drive back to us our lost.
Eigveda VI. 55.
2 Come, 0 son of deliverance, may we meet thee, 0 shining
one ; guide the chariot of our sacrifice.
2. For thou, art the best of charioteers, 0 God of the braided
hair, and art Lord of much substance: we ask our
friend for wealth.
-3. Thou art a river of wealth, 0 shining God, a mass of riches,
0 goat-drawn God : the friend of every pious man.
4. Let us praise Pushan, the God drawn by goats, the giver
of food: they call him the lover of his sister.
-5. I invoke him as the wooer of his mother, may the lover
of his sister hear us: brother of Indra, and my friend.
'6. May his sure-footed goats bring here the God Pushan on
his chariot; Pilshan who visits mankind,
Eigveda VI. 56.
1* He who says of Pushan, He is an eater of gruel: him the
God will not hear.
308 HYMNS FROM
11. With the ocean afe their head they come from the midst of
the heavenly sea,1 pure, never resting: Indra with
his thunderbolt has ploughed up a path for them—
may these divine waters protect me.
:2. The waters of the sky, the waters of the rivers, the
waters of the wells; the bright and cleansing waters,
whose goal is the sea— may these divine waters
protect me.
^'■'3. In the midst of them goes Varuna the King, marking the
truth and falsehood of men: they so pure and bright,
dropping honey—may these divine waters protect me.
4. There is Varuna the King, there is Soma, there all the
gods find strength : Agni, the friend of man, goes
down into them—may these divine waters protect me.
1 In the sky. Compare Genesis, Chap. I., ver. 6, 7- And God said, Let
- there be a firmament in the midst o f the waters, and let it divide the waters
;from the waters. And God made the firmament, and divided the w aters
which were below the firmament from the waters which were above th e
firm am ent: and it was so.
2 The Lord shall preserve thy goiug out, and thy com ing in, from this
rtim e forth, and even for evermore.— Psalms , cxxi., ver. 8,
310 HYA1NS FROM
15. To Yama the King pour out the honied oblation: then
bow low before the sages born in old time, our
fathers, who made for us this path.1
Rigveda X. 90.
When they divided the Man, into how many parts did
they shape him ? what was his mouth, what his arms,
what his thighs, what his feet ?
The Brahmana was his mouth, of his arms the warrior
was made, his thighs became the husbandman, and
the pariah was born from his feet.
The moon sprung from his mind, and the sun was born
from his eyes: Indra and Agni were born from his
mouth, Vayu from his breath.
From his navel came the mid-world, from his head rolled
the sky: from his feet came the earth, from his ear
the east and the west: thus they framed the world.
Seven logs were put round for him, thrice seven faggots
were made: when the gods made sacrifice, and bound
the Man for their offering.
With sacrifice the gods sacrificed, these were the first
rites: then these great ones sought out heaven, where
are the holy gods that were before them.
Rigveda X. 119. / v^ ^
Indra speaks:
This, this is my thought, that I will get me cow and
horse : have I not drunk the soma ?
Like rushing winds the draughts I have drunk carry me
along : have I not drunk the soma ?
The draughts carry me along as swift horses a chariot:
have I not drunk the soma ?
Prayer is drawing nigh me, like a lowing cow approach
ing her dear child : have I not drunk the soma ?
I, as a carpenter with a plank, turn the prayer round in
my heart: have I not drunk the soma ?
The two worlds reach not the half of m e: have I not
drunk the soma ?
Over heaven in my might, over this mighty earth I
stretch : have I not drunk the soma ?
320 H YM N S FKOM
Rigveda X . 121.
1 The W aters.
Index of Words -and Passages explained
in the Notes*
3Tfsr_ 89. STfSr^- 88.
135. •Tfiwnt 76.
STtR 98. arfSrfe 134.
■atfsPTff 2 6 9 .
sTHl'^nr? 192.
•5Ttv5 5 .
9TT^ 282.
s i# 158.
97.
a t f ^ r 251.
ar?n»T i l l .
«rf^p**r*r 214. sig=ffT 86.
s r f ^ P * 15 2 . ar* f> 235.
®T*OT «TT &c., 143. T O 5 211.
sragr 180.
S T *“ l|ft t>u^ I 286*
ST3TT 93.
ST^r 218.
®RT: 7 2 .
ST^HT^: 58.
94.
144.
a * ^ ? , srar^ N rP r 170.
8*^: 235.
BTT*r 2 0 8 .
ST#T^f f W &c., 192.
218.
s r f ^ r 195.
»T £ a r7 2 .
st»>I5 115, 238.
^ * 1 ? 57. sra? 97.
a t f j^ s 242.
256.
-a r e *-5 * 3 q ; s » } & c ., 2 3 7 .
stf^T W *R [& c., 234.
81*15*1 &c., 88.
8^^HHig<T &c., 223.
a r ^ h ff >m 202. 8T5?r fUT: 285.
a js r e t jw 179.
s m %tT snnr: &c., 93.
"srfW f^ rr 1 2 8 .
284.
^ P t ft t R F T 198.
arfpT: 195.
arbiter 8 2 .
atftftrft: &c., 254.
230.
arr 76, 90, 130.
a rw f^ -2 3 8 . W ffT 172.
s m f 115. STrftsf 185.
t f a &C., 2 5 4 . S1RT (fa), >rif»ir f t - 198.
BT5n% 2 2 3 . W-T^: 58.
W T i 82. 8TTT: 278.
324 INDEX OF WOKDS AND PASSAGES.
5 R 152. TO^q%-171.
216* T*T%: 100.
2(57. gsnirT 228.
65. irc-sm 121.
«TPTT?f*rfl 82, 98. »TC: 56.
srrft 74. qr% wTwPi 91.
JT S T T T S R P T P * 76. T^?n^i80.
s m r 70. >T*f*ra^248.
f|3T 196, 229. T ^«T 244.
>^»dfer 161. 'rS’jr w 112.
•srr (sffaFf) 209. Ttw 62.
tftrT •rrl’ rr snjfa 228. TTV 211.
■‘f fa t n ft w : 183. <rsnri
^ S 232.
■<j?r5Rr 68. q^stT 71.
233. 'IWPRi: 156.
&c, 241. «jpi: 108.
-t-T^ 223. m 158,199.
^ 66. PtSflT 89.
vnfrtW 166. 3HFI198.
•sf 5C% 122. 3 ^ 1 3 7 .
•rrnt 90. 3 ^ r ft..5 ^ ? r : 1 3 7 .
^ irft%...?TOvr 154. &c. 259.
-sp^FfT: 85. 5 ^ W 220.
•sr: 68. ^195.
Sf* 171- $PV5W 153.
252. «£Fll70.
•’T^Rff 90. tjpUT 176.
61. 5 p r t F «*W tn J T 5 H 3 .
•*TW 95. 5^ 222.
Sfn-: 69. IT 64, 191.
1 % ^ 168. jr^Praf 113.
T*rf"Nr 75. JTSTT^f: 70
f%ai«T 184. JT«T: 74.
fsftr 87. jrfST 54.
-I f (*) 229. Jl#Rr210.
25o. smr^ 139.
-sj^ t 176. jrf^T: 275.
f¥tV 194. jjW * I 54.
179. jj^_248.
INDEX or WORDS AND PASSAGES. 327'
Jimr 221. saStar ^*Rr &c., 230.
jrr’rar 274. 212.
TOPI 237. 9^178.
109. fTfT 172.
tr fa 215. *r a n fir f^ fr &c., 240.
srenfMf 174. T 7*rrat (*rr^r) 70.
?njsjr 119, 283. in rsrR W tr 185.
3TJJT °T 192. 158.
W Atm. 126. «r f^ 2 4 0 .
HFTSW94. *^126.
gplw, 261. ^rsrr sr?r &c., 83.
gf*281. ar^r (7 ) 215.
^jSf 235. n g (f^) 156.
»twrr92. ^rarf 77.
HWtf 86. irf^*r5rraT 223.
jpftar 170. gr^rr^r &c., 273.
246. ’ ft 'J'it &c„ 106.
«J5tT*T: 188. *r 141.
54. ^XfT 239.
Jl^ f 55. tTM3$a(*T 131.
jjftr (termn.)64. ?lT»rf*t 80.
•I? 55. *tRTf ^r3nr...*trfw 199.
(ST) 192.
H^181.
jjsppt 164. I (5T) 234.
*1^167. g*T 83.
>lft?qr274. gsm r 210.
132, 285. srcjfcrs 208.
208. 3^«fPT 207.
W T ^ H H ra 221.
*rr (ft) l ° l > 114-
gqr If^^T 226.
w k l7%
ir 101.
91.
*trnf^-^ 2 5 0 . 278.
f t w i R r **■ 5m®nt 282.
in g W ^ f5 183> 289-
f ir ^ r w 76. 218.
Tf^mrw 255.
*TT*rr (i^ t & c) i i5 -
f*m5T 129. *3TW 56.
5»Tm^239. 198.
104. wr u s .
* »1 1 4 .
gift *T HrtT: &c., 103.
■328 INDEX OK WORDS AND PASSAGES.
275.
*Th 80. f%MF*g?tT 72.
T O 179,182. 57.
174. faOT 286.
159. 66.
wicfi 2bo. «. 97.
98. sftfrlfpT 160.
^fe>r 158. #^*69.
^ (KfSr) 247. *rpf 103.
217. f?»7W fK l.35.
96.
^ftjrst.129. 105,145.
q-CTpr 154, 234.
207. "W 69.
=fg 90. ^PrTT 69.
:w : ^ fsnr 90. W>T 251.
T O "4. q t ^ 7 8 , 101.
67. JTfT 64, 216.
96. 180.
^ T 'T ^ T 225. 51^212.
*Hr 289. ^prcf100, 204.
srrejpr HO- STW adv. 202.
^rsr 137. ?EPj v. 125.
^rrsnrt^fr 218.
5T«IT 123.
-rra 146. 283.
^5181. sramFr 125.
•gT® 146. r%8T 128, 227.
137. ftl%PT: 100.
’fr c tW fa 200. Sjf*T 199.
117. spur 113.
r%ff^ ^PTTT 86. ^sr 104.
r^ *r 9°- shsr 118.
231. >H^^132.
fsjtr^r 67. 215.
^’TfH 181. 82-
ft R j^ r 229. w fr 79.
f ^ t m 163. •qffpr 116.
219. (PO 71
Pr’SR^T 1<J3- %nT=t Tprprra 249.
INDEX OF WOllDS AND PASSAGES.