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    Labayo Geothermal-Power

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    Carren Marquez
    Geothermal power harnesses heat from below the Earth's surface to generate clean electricity. There are three main types of geothermal power plants - dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle plants. Dry steam plants use steam directly from reservoirs to power turbines, while flash steam plants use high temperature water that is flashed to steam to drive turbines. Binary cycle plants are more common, using lower temperature resources by transferring heat to a secondary fluid to power turbines. Geothermal power has many environmental benefits over fossil fuels and provides baseload renewable energy for the Philippines and other geothermal-rich areas.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Labayo Geothermal-Power

    Uploaded by

    Carren Marquez
    63 views29 pages
    Geothermal power harnesses heat from below the Earth's surface to generate clean electricity. There are three main types of geothermal power plants - dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle plants. Dry steam plants use steam directly from reservoirs to power turbines, while flash steam plants use high temperature water that is flashed to steam to drive turbines. Binary cycle plants are more common, using lower temperature resources by transferring heat to a secondary fluid to power turbines. Geothermal power has many environmental benefits over fossil fuels and provides baseload renewable energy for the Philippines and other geothermal-rich areas.

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    Labayo_Geothermal-Power

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    Geothermal power harnesses heat from below the Earth's surface to generate clean electricity. There are three main types of geothermal power plants - dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle plants. Dry steam plants use steam directly from reservoirs to power turbines, while flash steam plants use high temperature water that is flashed to steam to drive turbines. Binary cycle plants are more common, using lower temperature resources by transferring heat to a secondary fluid to power turbines. Geothermal power has many environmental benefits over fossil fuels and provides baseload renewable energy for the Philippines and other geothermal-rich areas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    63 views29 pages

    Labayo Geothermal-Power

    Uploaded by

    Carren Marquez
    Geothermal power harnesses heat from below the Earth's surface to generate clean electricity. There are three main types of geothermal power plants - dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle plants. Dry steam plants use steam directly from reservoirs to power turbines, while flash steam plants use high temperature water that is flashed to steam to drive turbines. Binary cycle plants are more common, using lower temperature resources by transferring heat to a secondary fluid to power turbines. Geothermal power has many environmental benefits over fossil fuels and provides baseload renewable energy for the Philippines and other geothermal-rich areas.

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    of 29

    GEOTHERMAL

    POWER

    XAVIER DOMINIC P. LABAYO


    Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant 2020-300038
    Valencia, Negros Oriental
    Installed Capacity: 192.5 MW ESE 206 - FAPLENV
    TOPIC OUTLINE
    • Geothermal Energy
    • Brief History
    • Visual and Environmental Impact
    • Types of Geothermal Energy
    1. Vapor-dominated
    2. Liquid-dominated
    • Geothermal Power Plant
    1. Operation
    2. Types
    a) Dry Steam
    b) Flash Steam
    c) Binary Cycle
    3. Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines
    • Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS)
    Geothermal Energy
    • Heat derived within the sub-surface of the earth. Water and/or steam
    carry the geothermal energy to the Earth’s surface.
    • Depending on its characteristics, geothermal energy can be used for
    heating and cooling purposes or be harnessed to generate clean
    electricity. However, for electricity, generation high or medium
    temperature resources are needed, which are usually located close to
    tectonically active regions.
    Geothermal Energy
    Several attributes make it a good source of energy.

    • Clean

    • Available 24 hours a day

    • Homegrown
    Brief History
    Brief History
    Environmental Impact
    Geothermal technologies offer many environmental advantages over
    conventional power generation:
    • Emissions are low.
    • Salts and dissolved minerals contained in geothermal fluids are
    usually reinjected with excess water back into the reservoir at a depth
    well below groundwater aquifers. This recycles the geothermal water
    and replenishes the reservoir.
    • Some geothermal plants do produce some solid materials, or sludges,
    that require disposal in approved sites. Some of these solids are now
    being extracted for sale (zinc, silica, and sulfur, for example), making
    the resource even more valuable and environmentally friendly.
    Visual Impact
    Easily integrated into communities with almost no visual impact.

    • Geothermal power plants use relatively small acreages

    • Don't require storage, transportation, or combustion of fuels.


    Types of Geothermal Energy
    Vapor-dominated vs Liquid-dominated forms.
    • Liquid-dominated plants or Liquid-dominated reservoirs (LDRs) are
    more common with temperatures greater than 200 °C (392 °F) and
    are found near young volcanoes surrounding the Pacific Ocean and in
    rift zones and hot spots. .
    • Lower-temperature LDRs (120–200 °C) require pumping. They are
    common in extensional terrains, where heating takes place via deep
    circulation along faults. The water vaporizes an organic working fluid
    that drives a turbine. These binary plants originated in the Soviet
    Union in the late 1960s and predominate in new US plants. Binary
    plants have no emissions.
    Types of Geothermal Power Plants
    • There are three geothermal power plant technologies being used to
    convert hydrothermal fluids to electricity: dry steam, flash steam
    (single flash and double flash) and binary cycle. The type of
    conversion used (selected in development) depends on the state of
    the fluid (steam or water) and its temperature.
    Direct Dry Steam
    • Steam plants use hydrothermal fluids that are primarily steam.
    The steam goes directly to a turbine, which drives a generator
    that produces electricity. The steam eliminates the need to burn
    fossil fuels to run the turbine. (Also eliminating the need to
    transport and store fuels)
    • This is the oldest type of geothermal power plant. It was first
    used at Lardarello in Italy in 1904. Steam technology is used
    today at The Geysers in northern California, the world's largest
    single source of geothermal electricity. These plants emit only
    excess steam and very minor amounts of gase
    Direct Dry Steam
    Single Flash and Double Flash Cycle
    • Hydrothermal fluids above 360°F (182°C) can be used in flash
    plants to make electricity.
    • Fluid is sprayed into a tank held at a much lower pressure than
    the fluid, causing some of the fluid to rapidly vaporize, or "flash."
    The vapor then drives a turbine, which drives a generator.
    • If any liquid remains in the tank, it can be flashed again in a
    second tank (double flash) to extract even more energy
    Single Flash Cycle
    Single Flash Cycle with
    Engr. Genard Rantael, ME
    AP RENEWABLES, INC.
    Binary Cycle
    • Most geothermal areas contain moderate-temperature water (below
    400°F). Energy is extracted from these fluids in binary-cycle power
    plants.
    • Hot geothermal fluid and a secondary (hence, "binary") fluid with a
    much lower boiling point than water pass through a heat exchanger.
    Heat from the geothermal fluid causes the secondary fluid to flash to
    vapor, which then drives the turbines.
    • Because this is a closed-loop system, virtually nothing is emitted to
    the atmosphere. Moderate-temperature water is by far the more
    common geothermal resource, and most geothermal power plants in
    the future will be binary-cycle plants.
    Binary Cycle
    Geothermal Power
    Plants in the
    Philippines
    Installed Capacity and Electricity Generation Trends
    Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS)
    • An Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) is a man-made reservoir,
    created where there is hot rock but insufficient or little natural
    permeability or fluid saturation. In an EGS, fluid is injected into the
    subsurface under carefully controlled conditions, which cause pre-
    existing fractures to re-open, creating permeability.
    • Increased permeability allows fluid to circulate throughout the now-
    fractured rock and to transport heat to the surface where electricity
    can be generated.
    • “engineered geothermal systems”
    References
    Geothermal energy (irena.org)
    https://www.irena.org/geothermal#:~:text=Geothermal%20energy%20is%20heat%20derived,harnessed%20to%20
    generate%20clean%20electricity.
    Geothermal FAQs | Department of Energy
    https://www.energy.gov/eere/geothermal/geothermal-faqs#benefits_of_using_geothermal_energy
    Geothermal Energy - Types , Working, Diagram, Advantages, Disadvantages
    (learnmech.com)
    https://learnmech.com/geothermal-power-plants/
    Interview with Engr. Genard Rantael, ME_ TOPIC: Single Flash Cycle
    (AP RENEWABLES)
    www.doe.gov.ph
    What is Geothermal - International Geothermal Association (geothermal-energy.org)
    https://www.geothermal-energy.org/explore/what-is-geothermal/
    References

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