Social Functions of Education:: - (Marks: 5)

Q.No.1. Education is an instrument of social and cultural change.
Discuss the social function of

education in Pakistani society. (Marks: 5)
Answer: Social Functions of Education:
Education as social institution, plays a vital role in our society. The function of education is
multidimensional within the school system and outside it. It performs the function of socializing
the individual for a variety of social roles and development of personality. Education as an
instrument is used as a means for bringing about desired changes in the society and in the latter
case changes in the educational structure follows as a consequence of changes which have
already taken place in the society.
Socialization:
The most important function of education is socialization. Society, therefore, provides a

conscious teaching programmed to inculcate values, norms and social skills that will fit the
individuals for their adult role in society. Society creates educational institutions such as school
and colleges to perform certain functions in accomplishing this general end. Thus, education,
may be only part of the process of socialization, but it is a very important part.
The learners acquire academic knowledge through schools and college which they will need
latter on and some will be practical or technical to fit him for some sort of job. At the same time
the schools and colleges inculcate social values and norms among them. According to Deway,
the child is able to develop reasoning in social relations, cultivates social virtues and thus
becomes socially efficient. When he speaks about social efficiency, he refers to economic and
cultural efficiency, and he calls it ‘socialization of individual’.
Development of Personality:
Education plays a vital role in the development of personality. The main objective of education
is to awaken and grow in the child those intellectual, physical and moral states which are
required of him both by his society as a whole, as say Durkheim. Education helps the growth of
the abilities of an individual, such as mental, physical and emotional make-up as well as his
nature and character.
The essential of personality, grows out of the child’s communication with other. Then, the traits,
habits, attitudes and ethics of an individual is patterned by the development of education. A
beginner’s personality is also developed indirectly when he is stimulated to form his own
insolences and values by studying outstanding people in history and literature. Moreover, a
learner is also prejudiced by the outlook and attitudes of fellow students and teachers.
Social Control:
Education plays a vital role in regulating individual behaviour through transmitting a way of life
and communicating ideas and values to the new generations.
Education in a broad sense. One way that education contributes to the regulations of social
conduct, says Bottomore, “is in the early socialization of the child”. In direction to convey its
social legacy and endure as a social instruction all societies grow educational schemes to train its
younger generations. The young must be consciously trained for their adult roles to maintain the
society. Through the progression of education society regulates the behaviour of its members and
enforces conformity to its norms.
According to Bottomore, from infancy to maturity, is thus a vital means of social control. Formal
education in current societies link ideas and values which play a part in regulating behaviour.
The new generations are instructed to observe the social norms, the violation of which may invite
punishment.
Social Integration:
Education integrates people into the broader society, by conveying values, also. The program of
the school, its ‘extra-curricular’ activities and the casual association between students and
teachers interconnect positive values and social skills such as team-spirit, obedience, and fair
play.
Determination of Status:
The other important function of education is Determination of status. Education leads to

economic opportunity. Quantity of education is a best indicator of socio-economic position,
from lower working class to upper working class. It is through education young people secure
higher status jobs than their parents. With higher incomes they come to connect with the persons
of higher grade. Thus, education offers the network to better socio-economic status.
Social Development:
Education lays down the required standards and criteria of values with reference to which this
process of evaluation takes place effectively, and only after that, desirable social changes are
propagated where the undesirable ones discarded. Values and skills learned in education are
straight associated to the way to which the occupational and the economy building work.
Education trains the individuals in skills that are required by the economy. In modern planned
economy the output of skilled people must be consciously geared to the economic and social
priorities of the society. That explains the vital role of education in social development.
at the all-round development of child-physical, mental, social, emotional, and spiritual. After
completion of education the child can earn its livelihood getting proper education, which has
productivity. The education should be imparted according to the own interest of the child. The
whole personality of the child is developed physically, intellectually, morally, socially,
aesthetically and spiritually. He is recognized in the society.
Provides Route for Social Mobility:

The educational system is expected to provide opportunity for social and economic mobility by
selecting and training the most able and industrious youth for higher-status position in society.
The educational system places those with the greater abilities and training in higher positions and
those with the lesser abilities and training in lower ones. Such differentiation within the
educational system is closely linked to the system of social stratification and mobility.

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Q.No.1. Education is an instrument of social and cultural change.

Discuss the social function of

Answer: Social Functions of Education:

The most important function of education is socialization. Society, therefore, provides a

The other important function of education is Determination of status. Education leads to

Provides Route for Social Mobility:

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