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PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS
 What is Therapy
Therapy, also known as psychotherapy, is
applying psychological methods, especially when
based on regular personal interaction, to enable an
individual to overcome problems and change
behaviour in preferred ways. It aims to improve a
person’s mental health and well-being, to mitigate
or resolve troublesome behaviours, thoughts,
emotions, beliefs, or compulsions, and to enhance
relationships and social skills. The different
methods & techniques of psychotherapy vary
according to orientation, training and concepts and
 Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a

type of behavioural therapy that uses acceptance and
mindfulness strategies to help increase mental
adaptability.
Experts of ACT enable people to perceive manners
by which their endeavors to stifle, oversee, and
control passionate encounters create challenges. By
perceiving and tending to these difficulties, people
can turn out to be better ready to prepare for
esteems based activities that help prosperity.
 Anger Management Therapy

Anger Management is the way toward figuring out

how to perceive signs that you’re angry, getting to
be irate, and making a move to quiet down and
manage the circumstance decidedly. Anger
Management doesn’t endeavor to shield you from
feeling angry, outrage or urge you to hold it in.
When anger is out of control, it turns destructive;
impacts quality of life – affecting career,
relationships, and overall well-being. Anger is an
ordinary, solid & normal feeling when you know
how to express it suitably — Anger Management is
tied in with figuring out how to do this. You may
 Attachment Therapy

Attachment Therapy (AT) is a growing, underground

movement for the “treatment” of children who pose
disciplinary problems to their parents or caregivers.
AT practitioners believes that the root cause of the
children’s misbehaviour is a failure to “attach” to their
caregivers. Attachment therapy focuses on building
trust in the child toward the mother, traditional
therapies deal with building trust in the child toward
the therapist Attachment therapy uses the mother as
the change agent to heal the broken bond between
mother and child. Traditional therapy leaves the
mother in the waiting room–not a part of the healing
of the child.
 Behavioural Therapy

Behavioural therapy aims to analyze human

behaviour and looks to eradicate unwanted or
maladaptive behaviour. Behaviour therapy is
used for those mental health conditions or with
behavioural problems that involve unwanted
behaviour. This therapy is useful for people
Depression, Anxiety, Panic disorder, ADHD,
Eating disorder etc. The experts of behavioural
therapy assume that behaviour is learned and
can therefore be un-learned via therapy. As well
as the behaviour itself, behavioural therapists
will look at thoughts and emotions (feelings)
 Bereavement Counselling

The death of kith and kin often is a grief, although normal life
processes can some time manifest in unexpected ways. People
respond in different manner to grief some respond with anger, while
some people withdraw themselves and some people become
completely numb. At times, grief can act as trigger for mental health
conditions, like anxiety, depression, and psychosis. The time spent
for adjustment to loss of someone near and dear is Bereavement.
There is no wrong or right way to think, feel and act during the
bereavement period – everyone copes in their own way. A
specialised counselling aims at supporting individuals who have
experienced the loss of a loved one is referred as Bereavement
counselling. This counselling supports to work through the grief,
learn coping strategies to help them when they are on their own.
Bereavement counselling is helpful to people of any caste, creed or
age, who perceive overwhelming loss or whose life is being
adversely impacted by their grief.
 Career Counselling

A systematic process of knowing, understanding

self and the world of work in order to make career,
educational, and life decisions is called Career
Counselling. The professional help of career
counsellor shall be of use when choosing the most
fitting career or finding a new job when one proves
unsatisfying or frustrating. A career counsellor or
career guidance expert could be a therapist, life
coach, or a volunteer from the business world. The
career counsellor is professionally trained to provide
career information resources, and carry out
scientific career aptitude, interest, ability and
 Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT)

CAT stands for Cognitive Analytic Therapy. It is a

collaborative programme of looking at the way you
think, feel and act; a programme which is tailored to
your individual needs and to your own manageable
goals for change. It brings together understandings
from cognitive psychotherapies (such as Cognitive
Behavioural Therapy) and from psychoanalytic
approaches into one integrated, user-friendly and
effective therapy. Each session of therapy is tailored
to the individual’s needs, taking into account their
current situation and problems they’re dealing with.
The average duration of cognitive analytic therapy
 Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy

that aims to understand the thoughts and feelings that influence
behaviours and modify the negative thoughts, negative emotions
and promote positive behaviour. CBT is commonly used to treat
a wide range of disorders, including obsession, phobia,
addictions, depression, and anxiety. CBT is a short-term therapy
and focused on helping clients deal with a very specific problem.
Cognitive behavioural therapy is a combination of psychotherapy
and behavioural therapy. In psychotherapy we emphasize the
importance of the personal meaning on things and how thinking
patterns begin in childhood. In Behavioural therapy we give close
attention to the relationship between our problems, our behaviour
and our thoughts. There are different forms of CBT: (a) Rational
Emotive Behaviour Therapy, (b) Cognitive Therapy, (c)
Multimodal Therapy, and (d) Dialectical Behaviour Therapy.
 Couples Counselling

Couple counselling is primarily relationship

counselling. It is a discrete, professional service and
is a recent phenomenon. In the relationship amongst
individuals it is important to accept, acknowledge
and recognize. In couple therapy the focus is to
focus on three C’s, communication, closeness and
commitment each person, including the counsellor,
is a unique personality, perception, set of values and
history. Thus, individuals in the relationship may
have different and unexamined value systems,
expectations, and sometimes relationships get
 Deaddiction Counselling

De-addiction is defined as process of overcoming

addiction, alcohol marihuana, grass, cocaine and
psychotropic substances. The person suffering from
alcoholism or substance abuse may have depression
or may be compulsive craving for specific substance
or product (gaming, gadgets or sex etc.). The
counselling is given to individual having addiction
issue is referred as de-addiction counselling. The
counsellor uses the multimodal eclectic approach to
providing counselling. The counselling process
would follow different sequential process.
 Debt Counselling

Debt Counselling is a counselling process

undertaken by a person who is facing huge financial
losses and is in great debt trap. During the stage of
heavy debt the individual and his family undergo a
lot of crises- financial, psychological and social. At
times this leads to depression and suicide. The
mental health counsellor provides support and
psycho therapy to overcome lo confidence,
depression and anxiety. However it may also be a
formal legal process that provides for a consumer to
be declared over indebted and for the debt
counsellor (appointed by debt recovery court or
 Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)

DBT (Dialectical behaviour therapy) was created by

Marsha Linehan. It is a cognitive behaviour treatment.
This therapy helps the clients in learning new skills
which helps in dealing with painful emotions and also
reduce the conflicts in relationship. There are four
main areas on which the DBT primarily focuses on
providing therapeutic skills. In this therapy we start
with mindfulness, it works on improving one’s ability
to accept and to live in the present moment. The skills
of DBT are considered to have the power to help
those who are willing to improve their ability control
the negative emotions and to tolerate the stress, to live
in the present and be mindful, and interact and
 Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing
(EMDR) Therapy
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing)
is a psychotherapy that empowers individuals to restore
from the side effects and passionate misery that are the
result of frustrating educational encounters. Rehashed thinks
about demonstrate that by utilizing EMDR treatment
individuals can encounter the advantages of psychotherapy
that once took a long time to have any kind of effect. It is
broadly expected that extreme passionate torture requires
quite a while to recover. EMDR treatment demonstrates that
the brain can in reality mend from mental injury much as the
body recuperates from physical injury. When you cut your
hand, your body attempts to close the injury.
 Existential Psychotherapy

Existential psychotherapy is a style of treatment that

places emphasis on the human condition in general.
Existential psychotherapy utilizes a positive approach
that extols human limits and yearnings while at the
same time recognizing human confinements.
Existential psychotherapy imparts numerous
similitudes to humanistic brain science, experiential
psychotherapy, profundity psychotherapy, and social
psychotherapy.
 Family-Systemic Therapy

Family system treatment draws on frameworks

thinking in its perspective of the family as a
passionate unit. At the point when frameworks
considering—which assesses the parts of a framework
in connection to the entire—is connected to families,
it proposes conduct is both frequently educated by and
indistinguishable from the working of one’s group of
source. Families encountering strife inside the unit
and looking for proficient help to address it might
discover family frameworks treatment an
accommodating methodology.
 Geriatric Counselling

Therapy can help more established grown-ups who

may experience issues with the changes of maturing
to deal with their feelings, find new wellsprings of
pleasure and importance, and find new emotionally
supportive networks. It can enable individuals to
confront their feelings of dread of death, on the off
chance that they have such apprehensions, and
manage melancholy as loved ones pass on. Family
or individual treatment can likewise help relatives
who might be overseers of their senior relatives, as
it can help them in managing their feelings,
 Group Therapy

Group therapy usually includes somewhere in the

range of three to fifteen patients/people. It offers
people the chance to give and receive group support
in adapting to their specific issues and allows
therapists the opportunity to observe how they
interact in group settings. It might be more
affordable alternative than individual therapy.
 Humanistic Therapy

Humanistic psychology (humanism) is grounded in

the conviction that individuals are naturally good.
This kind of psychology holds that moral qualities,
integrity and good intentions are the driving forces
of behaviour, while unfavorable social or
psychological experiences can be attributed to
deviations from normal tendencies.
Humanism incorporates a variety of therapeutic
strategies, including Rogerian (individual focused)
therapy, and frequently emphasizes a goal of self-
 Hypnotherapy

Hypnotherapy is a guided hypnotic, or a stupor like

condition of center and focus accomplished with the
assistance of a clinical subliminal specialist. This daze
like state is like being totally invested in a book, film,
music, or even one’s own particular considerations or
contemplations. Hypnotherapy is a subordinate type of
treatment, utilized alongside different types of mental or
restorative treatment, there are numerous applications.
Hypnotherapy can be utilized to treat tension, fears,
substance mishandle including tobacco, sexual
brokenness, bothersome unconstrained practices, and
negative behaviour patterns. It can be utilize to help
develop rest, learning issue, correspondence, and
 Infertility Counselling

The essential objective of infertility counselling is to

help persons and couples, learn how to deal with the
physical and emotional changes and difficulties
associated with infertility, as well as with the
medical treatments that can hurting and intrusive.
By teaching patients critical thinking techniques in a
supportive environment, infertility counsellors help
individual work through their loss, guilt, grief,
shame, disappointment, worry, depression, isolation
and other emotions. Expert of infertility counselling
can help couples maintain a positive and
communicative relationship, strengthen already
 Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)

Interpersonal therapy (IPT) was produced by Gerald

Klerman and Myrna Weissman in the 1970s and in
light of crafted by Harry Stack Sullivan, Adolf
Meyer, and John Bowlby. IPT is a sort of treatment
that uses an interestingly organized model for the
treatment of emotional wellness issues. In view of
connection and correspondence speculations, IPT is
intended to enable individuals to address current
concerns and enhance relational connections.
 Jungian Therapy

Jungian therapy, sometimes known as Jungian

analysis, is an in-depth, analytical form of talk
therapy designed to bring together the conscious and
unconscious parts of the mind to help a person feel
balanced and whole. Jungian therapy can help to
improve the life of those with anxiety, depression,
grief, phobias, relationship or trauma issues, low
self-esteem, or other emotional issues. It is also
appropriate for anyone who wants a deeper
understanding of themselves and is willing to make
a commitment to the work involved in acquiring
 Motivational Interviewing

Motivational interviewing/counselling is often

used to address issues and the management of
physical health conditions such as diabetes, heart
disease, addiction and asthma. This intervention
helps people become motivated to change the
behaviours that are preventing them from making
healthier choices. It can also prepare individuals
for further, more specific types of therapies.
Research has shown that this intervention works
well with individuals who start off unmotivated or
unprepared for change.
 Music Therapy

Music therapy—a sort of expressive expressions

treatment that utilizations music to enhance and
keep up the physical, mental, and social
prosperity of people—includes a wide scope of
exercises, for example, tuning in to music,
singing, and playing a melodic instrument.
This sort of treatment is encouraged by a
prepared specialist and is frequently utilized as a
part of doctor’s facilities, recovery focuses,
schools, restorative offices, nursing homes, and
hospices.
 Life Skill Coaching

Life Skill Coaching or life coaching is a reciprocal

way to deal with conventional treatment. Holistic life
skill coach give direction and support to enable client
to create handy abilities basic for flourishing in day
by day life. Life skill Coach likewise strengthens
existing abilities in setting with an existence in
recuperation, which helps fabricate a customer’s
certainty. Life skill coaching enables clients to
explore through deterrents so they can ace
fundamental abilities. Customers are considered
responsible through continuous help and support,
which means maintained autonomy.
 Marriage Counselling

Marriage counselling, also called couples therapy, is a

type of psychotherapy that emphasizes improved
relationship skills and conflict resolution. Sessions
involved both partners however, the therapist may also
wish to see each person separately as well. The specific
treatment plan will depend on the situation. But, whether
it is marital problems, a tragedy in the family, or the
effects of an illness (such as substance abuse or
depression) on the couple or family unit, counselling
sessions are designed to help individuals learn the tools
they need to function effectively within their
relationships.
 Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT)

combines techniques of cognitive behavioural with
mindfulness strategies to enable peoples to better
deal and realize with their emotions and thoughts in
order to get relief from feelings of distress however,
originally developed to tackle regular depression,
MBCT may be useful to people looking for
treatment for a wide range of mental health
concerns.
 Narrative Therapy

Narrative therapy is a form of counselling that views

people as separate from their problems. This allows
clients to get some distance from the issue to see how it
might actually be helping them, or protecting them,
more than it is hurting them. With this new perspective,
individuals feel more empowered to make changes in
their thought patterns and behaviour and “rewrite” their
life story for a future that reflects who they are, what
they are capable of, and what their purpose is, separate
from their problems.
 Neuro Linguistic Programming

Neuro linguistic programming (NLP) is a mental

approach that includes examining procedures
utilized by fruitful people and applying them to
achieve an individual objective. It relates
considerations, dialect, and examples of conduct
learned through involvement to particular results.
Defenders of NLP expect all human activity is sure.
Along these lines, if an arrangement falls flat or the
surprising happens, the experience is neither great
nor awful—it basically displays more helpful data.
 Person-Centred Therapy

The person – centered therapy is based on Rogers’s

belief that every human being strives for and has the
capacity to fulfill his or her own potential to fullest.
Person-centered therapy or client centered therapy is
a nondirective, empathic approach that empowers
and motivates the client in the therapeutic process
and is in contrast to traditional model of the
therapist as expert in psychotherapy which follows
direction approach for treatment.
 Play Therapy

Play therapy is a type of treatment principally intended for

kids. In this type of treatment, a specialist encourages a kid
to investigate life occasions that may affect current
conditions, in a way and pace of the kid’s picking,
essentially through play yet in addition through dialect.
Play treatment, can help people to communicate, explore
thoughts and feelings, address uncertain injury, and
experience self-awareness and is broadly seen as a critical,
powerful, and formatively fitting psychological wellness
treatment.
 Psychoanalytic Therapy

Psychoanalysis therapy was developed in the late

nineteenth century. The unconscious conflicts form
the root of psychological problems is the main
assumption in this form of therapy, psychoanalysis
suggests symptoms can be reduced by bringing
these conflicts into conscious awareness. The theory
of psychoanalytic therapy has been criticized,
revised, and numerous times, however, it still
remains as one of the most influential approaches of
treatment in the field of psychology.
 Psychodynamic Therapy

Psychodynamic therapy is primarily used to treat

depression and other serious psychological
disorders, especially in those who have lost
meaning in their lives and have difficulty forming
or maintaining personal relationships. Studies
have found that other effective applications of
psychodynamic therapy include addiction, social
anxiety disorder, and eating disorders.
 Psychosexual Therapy

Psychosexual treatment centers around the

encounters an individual and his or her partner(s)
has with sexual capacity/brokenness, generally
alluded to as sexual challenges. A portion of the
basic sexual troubles include: loss of moxie or want
for sex, absence of sexual happiness, torment
experienced amid sexual conduct, for example,
vaginismus, vulvadynia, trouble encountering
climax, dread of sex, self-perception issues
identified with sexual closeness, erectile challenges,
for example, fast or deferred discharge, habitual
 Psychosynthesis

Psychosynthesis is a helpful approach that spotlights

on self-improvement and advancement. Experts of
psycho synthesis trust people have a tendency to
integrate different parts of the self to wind up more
advanced and self-completed. All living things
contain within them a drive to evolve, to become the
fullest realization of them, it can be supported
consciously, and Psychosynthesis is one means to
do. This technique for treatment can be seen as a
transpersonal approach since it incorporates
numerous parts of the human experience, including
 Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT)

Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT),

was propounded by Albert Ellis in 1955 also
called Rational Therapy, established the
framework for what is currently known as
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. REBT is based on
the possibility that how we feel is to a great extent
impacted by how we think. As is suggested by the
name, this type of treatment energizes the
improvement of levelheaded reasoning to
encourage sound enthusiastic articulation of
emotion and positive behavioural conduct.
 Reality Therapy

Reality therapy is a customer focused type of

psychological conduct psychotherapy that spotlights
on enhancing present connections and conditions,
while maintaining a strategic distance from dialog of
past occasions. This approach depends on the
possibility that our most essential need is to be
cherished, to feel that we have a place, and that all
other fundamental needs can be fulfilled just by
building solid associations with others. Reality
therapy shows that while we can’t control how we
believe, we can control how we think and carry on.
The goal of reality treatment is to enable individuals
 Relationship Therapy
Relationship therapy aims at developing insight and making
educating couples and families to better communicate positive
feelings to each other and work together to develop adapting
strategies. In relationship three C’s are important and these are
communication, closeness & commitment, therapist aims to
improve the challenges in all the three Cs. In relationship
counselling couples, individually or in groups, are assisted by
counsellor understand, learn practical skills and develops the
ability to sustain positive relationship once therapy has
concluded. It is useful for people of all caste, creed, above 18
years who are looking for therapy and desire to address
relationship concerns or family concerns may find this
approach to be helpful.
 Sex Therapy

Sex therapy is a therapy for the treatment of

sexual dysfunction and enhancement of sexual
function. This includes sexual dysfunctions
such as premature ejaculation or, erectile
dysfunction, delayed ejaculation, and have lack
of sexual interest or arousal, and painful sex
 Solution-Focused Brief Therapy

Solution- Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) focuses

on discovering arrangements in the present time
and look over one’s promise for the future to
discover faster outcome of one’s issues. This
method takes the way that you know what you
need to do to improve your own life and, with the
appropriate coaching and questioning, are capable
of finding the best solutions.
 Transactional Analysis

Transactional analysis is a form of modern

psychology that examines a person’s
relationships and interactions. In therapy,
transnational study can be used to deal with
one’s relations and communications with the
idea of establishing and reinforcing the
thought that each individual is valuable and
has the capacity for positive change and
personal growth.
 Transpersonal Psychotherapy

There exist developmental stages beyond the adult ego, which

involve experiences of non-duality, oneness, or connection to all
life is the basic assumption of transpersonal therapy. These
developmental stages lead to higher states of consciousness
including altruism, creativity, intuition and unconditional love in
healthy human being. Thus, transpersonal psychotherapy
upgrades the study of mind-body relations, spirituality,
consciousness, and human transformation. Specialists disagree as
to the exact model and limitations of this kind of therapy,
however, the three key areas that are considered through
transpersonal psychotherapy are: (a) Transformative psychology,
(b) Ego-transcended psychology and (c) Combined/holistic and
natural psychology.
 Workplace Counselling

Workplace counselling, is all about giving your

employees a safe place to talk about issues that
trouble them, and find healthy and productive
ways to go about solving them. Often the fear of
reprimand, either from a workplace authority or
exclusion from workplace culture, can act as a
powerful silencer of legitimate criticism, allowing
workplace problems to become entrenched.
Workplace Counsellors provide your employees
an outlet for these problems, and the tools and
knowledge necessary to solve them efficiently.
 Yoga Therapy

The application of principles of yoga to a particular

person with the objective of achieving a particular
spiritual, psychological, or physiological goal is called
as yoga therapy. It is a type of therapy that use yoga
stances, meditation, breathing activities, and guided
symbolism to enhance mental and physical well
being. The focus point of yoga therapy energizes the
coordination of brain, body, and soul. Present day
yoga therapy covers a wide scope of remedial
modalities, combining segments from both dynamic
recovery and psychotherapy.
 END OF DAY

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