Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
ANALYSIS ON THE FACTORS INFLUENCING TEENAGERS IN
BARANGAY SAN MIGUEL, LOBO, BATANGAS IN TAKING CIGARETTES

A Research Paper Presented to

Mr. Romnick Magsino
Senior High School in Lobo

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Practical Research II

John Lester M. Dueñas

Mark Kelvin D. Abela
Christian C. Torres
Mhea Mhea G. Dueñas
Zylane Mae A. Manalo

March 2021

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

APPROVAL SHEET

The research entitled “ANALYSIS ON THE FACTORS INFLUENCING

TEENAGERS IN BARANGAY SAN MIGUEL, LOBO, BATANGAS IN

TAKING CIGARETTES A.Y. 2020-2021” prepared and submitted by John

Lester M. Dueñas, Mark Kelvin D. Abela, Christian C. Torres, Mhea Mhea G.

Dueñas and Zylane Mae A. Manalo in partial fulfillment of the requirement for

the course Practical Research II- Humanities and Social Sciences has been

examined and hereby recommended for approval and acceptance.

Mr. Romnick Magsino

Research Adviser

Approved

__________________
Research Coordinator

Noted

__________________
Principal

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

ABSTRACT

One of the most common problem in Barangay San Miguel is the

cigarette smoking habits among teenagers, which could affect the current

living of the teenagers and other residents of the barangay. The type of

research approach is a quantitative research. In this study the researchers

aim to identify the factors, its effects and possible solution for the main

problem. A survey questionnaire was conducted with (100) willingly teenagers

of the chosen community, Barangay San Miguel. The question asked to the

respondents were their basic information, and the problems that they

encountered in the community.

According to the result, teenage smoking is incontrovertible as one of

the major problem in Barangay San Miguel. The identified factors that greatly

influence youth to initiate in smoking are influence of peer groups,

developmental changes in gender and knowledge of the long-term health

consequences of using tobacco. These problems could harm not only the

teenagers which according to the result, smoking habit has negative impacts

on athletic performance and other physically active pursuits, respiratory

diseases and attention deficits. The knowledge of the teenagers about their

current situation is based on their own experiences. Although there are

existing programs and laws about the problem, from the responses of

respondents, the study have identified that greater parental guidance,

smoking legislation regulating age of access and smoking in public places and

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LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

implementing stricter rules from the barangay are the solutions that will

eradicate the smoking habits among teenagers in Barangay San Miguel.

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Department of Education
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District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research paper was completed with the support of people who

deserve a special recognition in this study:

The researchers would like to extend their sincerest gratitude to the

Lord Almighty, before anyone else, for giving guidance and inspiration to the

researchers, for granting them the wisdom, and pulling them up in times of

confusions.

To Lobo Senior High School, for being a platform of creativity and

innovation in this generation, for giving the students an opportunity to develop

each mind in establishing a study that will help the current society.

The appreciation is also extended to the researcher’s respective

families for being supportive, and considerate of the undertaking times that

the researchers need to accomplish the study and for serving as sources of

strength and for believing the abilities of the researchers.

Much appreciation is also given to the classmates of the researchers,

they are the ones that serves as an extended family or friend/s that never run

out of word of encouragements that make the researchers feel more comfort

whenever feeling doubt.

To all the teenagers in Brgy. San Miguel, the researchers would like to

express sincere gratitude for letting us know the current problems of the

residents through our research study.

The completion of this study could not have been possible without the

guidance, constant supervision and suggestions of Mr. Romnick Magsino, our

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adviser in Practical Research 2. Our thanks and appreciation for the kind

cooperation that helped us to fulfil this project.

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Department of Education
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LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

DEDICATION

This study is wholeheartedly dedicated to our beloved parents, who

have been our source of inspiration and gave us strength when we thought of

giving up, who continually provide their moral, spiritual, emotional, and

financial support.

To our brothers, sisters, relatives, mentor, friends, and classmates who

shared their words of advice and encouragement to finish this study.

And lastly, we dedicated this study to the Almighty God for the

guidance, strength, power of mind, protection and skills for giving us a healthy

life.

All of these, we offer to You.

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LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE.....................................................................................................i
APPROVAL SHEET ………………………………………………………...ii
ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................v
DEDICATION .................................................................................................vii
TABLE OF
CONTENTS.................................................................................viii LIST OF
TABLES ..........................................................................................x LIST OF
GRAPHS ........................................................................................xiii

CHAPTER I. The Problem And The Background

Background of the
study..............................................................1
Statement of the
Problem............................................................2
Significance of the Study.............................................................3
Scope, Limitation and Delimitation of the Study..........................4
Hypothesis..................................................................................4

II. Review of Related Literature and Studies

Foreign Related Literature...........................................................6

Local Related Literature..............................................................7
Foreign Related Studies..............................................................8
Local Related Studies.................................................................9
Synthesis...................................................................................10

III. Methodology

Research Design ......................................................................12

Research Environment .............................................................12
Research Respondent...............................................................12
Research Instrument.................................................................13
Validation Procedure.................................................................16
Data Gathering Procedure.......................................…….…......17
Statistical Treatment Of

Data.....................................................17

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IV. Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

Personal Biographic Data..........................................................19

Data
Analysis.............................................................................21
Findings.....................................................................................28
Conclusion.................................................................................29

V. Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

Summary...................................................................................30
Findings.....................................................................................32
Conclusions...............................................................................32
Recommendations....................................................................33

Bibliography............................................................................34

APPENDICES
A. Letter to the Principal
B. Letter to the Participants/Respondents
C. Communication Letter
D. Questionnaire
E. Documentation Pictures
F. Curriculum Vitae

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List of Tables
Table 1. Factors Influencing Teenagers In Taking Cigarettes
Frequency

Question Average Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank

4 3 2 1

1 20 40 25 15 2.65 Agree 5th

2 35 30 25 10 2.90 Agree 2nd

3 15 40 25 20 2.50 Disagree 7th

4 15 30 35 20 2.40 Disagree 9th

5 10 50 20 20 2.50 Disagree 7th

6 75 15 5 5 3.60 Strongly Agree 1st

7 0 40 40 20 2.20 Disagree 10th

8 15 55 25 5 2.80 Agree 3rd

9 10 55 20 15 2.60 Agree 6th

10 20 50 20 10 2.80 Agree 3rd

Weighted Average 2.695 Agree

Page 21.

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Table 2. Impacts Of Cigarettes Smoking Among Teenagers

Frequency

Question Average Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank

4 3 2 1

1 35 50 10 5 3.15 Agree 5th

2 30 60 10 0 3.20 Agree 4th

3 40 60 0 0 3.40 Strongly Agree 1st

4 15 30 40 15 2.45 Disagree 9th

5 50 40 0 10 3.30 Strongly Agree 2nd

6 50 40 0 10 3.30 Strongly Agree 2nd

7 20 35 45 0 2.75 Agree 8th

8 25 55 20 0 3.05 Agree 6th

9 15 75 10 0 3.05 Agree 6th

10 0 55 35 10 2.45 Disagree 9th

Weighted Average 3.01 Agree

Page 23.

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Table 3. Solutions To Teenage Cigarette Smoking

Frequency

Question Average Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank

4 3 2 1

1 65 25 10 0 3.55 Strongly Agree 1st

2 35 50 15 0 3.20 Agree 3rd

3 35 65 0 0 3.35 Strongly Agree 2nd

4 30 55 15 0 3.15 Agree 4th

5 30 50 20 0 3.10 Agree 6th

6 5 45 20 30 2.25 Disagree 10th

7 30 55 0 15 3.00 Agree 8th

8 45 30 15 10 3.10 Agree 6th

9 30 55 15 0 3.15 Agree 4th

10 15 65 15 5 2.90 Agree 9th

Weighted Average 3.075 Agree

Page 26.

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List of Graphs

Page 19.

Page 20.

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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND THE BACKGROUND

1. Background Of The Study

Tobacco has been used by people for centuries, but cigarette smoking

and large scale cigarette manufacturing appeared only in the 19 th century. It

has spread worldwide and in 2000 about one in three adults, or 1.1 to 1.2

billion of people worldwide, smoked. It is estimated that smoking is

responsible for four million deaths in the world each year (WHO,1999). The

number of smokers is expected to increase to 1.6 billion people by 2025 as a

result of growth in adult population and increased tobacco consumption

(World Bank, 1999). Moreover, cigarette smoking is an act of inhaling and

exhaling the fumes of burning plant material. Tobacco contains nicotine which

is addictive that’s why it is hard habit to break.

The youth today is the hope of the future. Good health is essential in

preparing the fated young generation in the Philippines. It becomes

increasingly alarming that what was imagined to be the role models of the

future will have a short life expectancy due to cigarette smoking. According to

National Environmental Health Association on 2008, it is the most preventable

cause of morbidity and mortality. Aside from that, tobacco consumption is the

second major cause of death and the fourth most common risk factor for

disease worldwide.

Although there were several studies conducted on teenage smoking,

the causes to become smokers in adolescence remain unclear. Specifically,

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cigarette smoking is one of the contemporary issue or problem that is timely

and relevant in the community of Barangay San Miguel. Teenagers at young

age learns how to smoke not knowing its harmful effects. Teenagers who start

smoking can contribute their self in the increasing numbers of adult smokers

in the future. Indeed, this problem should be address and teen smokers and

even non smokers should realize the effects of smoking, the reasons or

factors that influence them to smoke and how well do we understand smoking.

1.2 Statement Of The Problem

This study intended to determine and investigate the factors influencing

teenagers in Barangay San Miguel in taking cigarettes.

Specifically, it must answer the following questions:

1. What are the factors that influence teenagers in Barangay San Miguel

in taking cigarettes?

2. How does cigarette smoking affects the teenagers in the community of

Barangay San Miguel?

3. What are the possible solution to eradicate the cigarette smoking

among teenagers in Barangay San Miguel?

1.3 Significance of the Study

The result of the study will merit the following:

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To the Barangay officials. Findings will help them to find ways,

solution and make a move to solve this problem. This can also encourage

them to provide alternative ways and ensure that the teenagers will not use

cigarette in the community of Barangay San Miguel.

To the residents of Barangay San Miguel. It will help them to know

and have idea about cigarette smoking. They can practice and teach it to

younger generation.

To the parents. The outcome of this study will take part in informing

the parents of the community to monitor and guide their children to avoid

using of cigarettes.

To the teenagers. This study will help them to foster their knowledge

about cigarette smoking, its factors or causes and its negative impacts on

them. Aside from that, they can avoid diseases and illnesses that can get from

tobacco use.

To the researcher. It will greatly help them to be informed and

knowledgeable about the topic.

To the future researchers. It can be basis and guide for their own

research paper and provide more accurate study about cigarette smoking.

1.4 Scope, Limitations and Delimitations.

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Scope of the Study

The study focused on determining the factors influencing teenagers in

Barangay San Miguel in taking cigarettes with 100 respondents, year 2020-

2021.

Limitations of the Study

The study was limited to the community of Barangay San Miguel. The

main concern of the study is to find the influential factors to the problems,

specifically the teenage cigarette smoking which is the most evident. This

includes the study of different factors that influence teenagers in taking

cigarettes as observed in the barangay, the analysis of level of their

awareness about the problem and what could be the effect of smoking on

their life and to their health.

Delimitations of the Study

The study will not discuss and/or elaborate the other problems in the

barangay. Other barangay was also delimited on this study. All information

and conclusions drawn from this study were obtained only to this particular

group or teenagers of the barangay.

1.5 Hypothesis

The study assessed the analysis of increasing number of teenagers

taking cigarettes in Barangay San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas. It focused on the

relationship between the influential factors and the smoking habits of

teenagers. The study worked on the hypothesis that:

Is there a significant relationship between the influential factors and

smoking habits of teenagers in Brgy. San Miguel?

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Alternative Hypothesis

There is a significant relationship between the influential factors and

smoking habits of teenagers in Brgy. San Miguel.

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Department of Education
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District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents some foreign and local literatures which the

researchers deem relevant with the present study. Such literatures and

studies cited paved the way in determining the extent of how far researchers

have gone through along and are under investigation.

2.1 Related Literature

Foreign Literature

A repository for the collection, analysis, validation and dissemination of

all smoking and health-related data was established by the World Health

Organization. The data received from various member countries were

compiled into a book entitled Tobacco or Health: A Global Status Report,

2010. This report showed smoking prevalence and other tobacco use-related

data from various countries and presented an analysis. It is estimated that

there are approximately 1.1 billion smokers worldwide, of which 900 million

are men and 200 million are women.

As part of the Global Burden of Disease Study carried out by the

Harvard University School of Public Health in 2013, it was projected that

mortality and morbidity from tobacco use will increase by almost threefold

worldwide in 20 to

25 years.

According to a 2017 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report,

approximately 2600 people die of cardiovascular disease in the United States

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every day, which translates into one death every 33 seconds. Furthermore,

the likelihood of dying from heart disease increases fourfold as a result of

smoking.

According to World Health Organisation (WHO) (2012), cigarette

smoking is the action or habit of inhaling and exhaling the smoke of cigarettes.

Along with the many harmful effects of smoking such as cancer,

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dental problems, ulcer and many more

smoking related problems including the social implications such as second

hand smoke which is the third leading preventable cause of death in the US

(National Environmental Health Association, 2015).

Local Literature

In 2011, the government’s white paper on smoking calculated that two

Filipinos die every hour from tobacco use (Philippine Senate Committee on

Health Demography,2011).

Tobacco use and exposure to second-hand smoke pose a major public

health problem in the Philippines. Effective tobacco control policies are

enshrined in the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on

Tobacco Control (FCTC), a legally binding international treaty that was ratified

by the Philippines in 2015.

In 2017, the Noncommunicable Disease Control Service of the

Department of Health was created under Executive Order No. 119. It was

tasked, among other things, with developing a National Smoking Control Plan

to form part of the National Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control

Programme (DOH, 2017).

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According to the report from the WHO, among Filipino adults, 95.0%

knew that smoking causes serious illnesses (WHO, 2015). From this

percentage, it might be presumed that older persons who had smoking habits

also got information that smoking is harmful to their health. It might be

considered that their answer regarding their health in this study did not come

from lack of health knowledge.

With these alarming statistics, a number of anti-smoking campaigns are

being implemented around the country. The Department of Education (DepEd)

through their program Oplan Balik-Eskwela integrates anti-smoking campaign

in schools for the protection of the students against the hazards of smoking.

The main goal of the campaign is to ensure the implementation of the

antismoking policies in schools (DepEd , 2011).

In the Philippines, there are 17% or 4 million Filipino youth with ages

13-15 years who are already smoking. Of these early starters, 2.8 million are

boys and 1.2 million are girls (Global Youth Tobacco Survey [GYTS], 2017).

2.2 Related Studies

Foreign Studies

Influence is a determinant of health that increases the prevalence of

cigarette smoking among male teenagers (Child & Wi 2010).

Smoking in general can attribute to a lot of physical illnesses and

diseases; hence, it distracts the mental, psychological and social capacity of

an individual to adapt (Kiechl et al. 2012).

Despite the known hazards of smoking, almost 3,000 adolescents

became new smokers everyday (Thakur, et.al.,2013).

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Smoking decision process starts very early for many children and

appears only to be narrow time for a period of two to three months where

teenagers can be converted to regular smokers (Albaum,2013).

Although there were several studies conducted on teenage smoking,

the causes to become smokers in adolescence remain unclear (Becklate,

2015).

Local Studies

The Philippines having a population around 92 million is the 15th

biggest consumer of cigarettes in the world (Mallari, 2011) and the largest

consumer among the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Mackay, 2012).

The factors associated with smoking cigarettes among Filipinos are

gender specific. They also show that there is a significant interaction between

one's type of community and one's attitudes toward anti-smoking policies.

Tobacco prevention and control efforts should not be a one-size-fits-all

approach. Program planners should develop interventions within the context

of the male and female perspective and the type of community they live.

(Garcia, 2010).

Aside from the efforts of DepEd, the Metro Manila Development

Authority (MMDA) has also launched its anti-smoking campaign in the

National Capital Region (NCR). The MMDA enforcers have started to

reprimand those who are smoking in public places (Aning, 2011).

Domingo and Marquez found large gender differences in the risk-taking

behaviors among Filipino adolescents and youths (Domingo and Marquez

2015).

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Department of Education
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A few factors have statistically significant effects on selected risk-taking

behaviors. High level of father’s education and experience of living away from

parents increase the probability of initiation of smoking among adolescent

women. For adolescent women, both of these factors may be related to the

lower level of supervision of parents on their behavior and increased risk-

taking behavior (Kim and Raymundo, 2010).

2.3 Synthesis

Synthesis

The previous collection of both foreign and local literature and studies

plays a significant part which provides substantial information needed for the

study.

Based on the foreign related literature and studies, cigarette smoking is

one of the issues or problems that is timely and contribute on the worsening of

health condition, not only on teenagers but also to all smokers and even non

smokers. It was identified that cigarette smoking was the third leading cause

of death and despite of its negative effects, people still use ot for some

reasons. In addition to that, the study of (Child and Wi, 2010), (Albaum, 2013),

(Thakur, et. Al., 2013) and (Becklate, 2015) are similar to the present study

because those studies tackles that there are factors that influence teenagers

in taking cigarettes and although there are several studies conducted, the

causes to become smoker remain unclear just like in the community of

Barangay San Miguel. Because of that, it become increasingly alarming that at

the very young age teenagers starts to smoke which can contribute to the

increasing number of adult smokers.

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Department of Education
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District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

The local literature and studies have gathered tackles the causes and

effects of tobacco use. From the previous works, cigarette smoking causes,

serious illnesses and calculated that two Filipinos die every hour. Aside from

that, the identified factors that influence teenagers in taking cigarettes are

peers, family, environment, school and curiosity. Moreover this problem may

remain and worsen over time or it can be resolve, there are regulations

created and implemented as a solution, but it seems that it has not been

effective. Those studies were able to help people specially the teenagers to

widen their knowledge regarding cigarette smoking and be acquainted on

what they do to eradicate and provide solutions for this problem.

CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

This chapter presents the methods and procedures that the

researchers utilized in the study. This includes research design, population

sample, research instrument, validation procedure, and data gathering

procedure.

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3.1 Research Design

In order to obtain the information and data that this study needs, it uses

the quantitative process specifically descriptive method. This is the process

whereby the number of respondents is relatively large and randomly selected,

and the results are generally reflective of the population. Also, this design or

method is used because the respondents of the study are those only involved

with the problem.

3.2 Research Environment

The locale of this study is in Barangay San Miguel, Lobo Batangas.

The barangay is situated at approximately 13.6784, 121.2133, in the island of

Luzon. Elevation at these coordinates is estimated at 114.6 meters or 376.0

feet above mean sea level. The barangay is a rural place and mountainous

area. Moreover, the study focuses on the teenagers taking cigaretes in the

community of Brgy. San Miguel.

3.3 Respondents of the Study

Various techniques were used to get good results. A survey self-

administered open and close ended questionnaires were used as a tool. The

respondents of this study are the total of 100 individuals who are taking

cigarettes in San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas.

3.4 Research Instrument

Survey Questionnaires. The study used the survey questionnaires as the

instrument in gathering responses from the teenagers in Barangay San

Miguel, Lobo, Batangas. The survey questionnaires were made through an

online form and was designed to be able to answer the research questions.

3.5 Validation Procedure

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In validation of the questionnaires, the validator validated the final

decision and later produced.

Administration: Before the researchers administered the questionnaire, they

created an administration Letter that was signed by Mr. Romnick Magsino,
subject teacher. After signing, the questionnaires were distributed to the
respondents. These were retrieved for tabulation, interpretation and analysis
of data. Ranking was used to arrange the items based from the findings.
Grammar. The researchers consulted a grammarian for their study so that
they can make sure that the use of words and phrase include in the study are
all correct. The grammarian helped them improve their research to make it
more formal, clear and understandable.
3.6 Data Gathering Procedure
To gather the needed information to make the study, the researchers

conducted online surveys. Online forms of survey questionnaires were given

and answered by the teenagers who are taking cigarettes in San Miguel,

Lobo, Batangas. The researchers used this method because this is the best

way to collect and gather enough data for the study, and this is what suits to

the type of study they conducted.

Quota Sampling. When the researchers specify the proportions of various

classifications to be included in the survey.

3.7 Statistical Treatment of Data

The response of the respondents was treated with the use of the

following statistical tool.

Frequency. Data was presented to show the actual distribution of the profile

of the respondents.

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Likert Scale. It is a five-point scale which is used to allow the individual to

express how much they agree or disagree with a particular statement.

Likert Scale Interval Formula

Weighted Mean. It is a kind of average. Instead of each data point

contributing equally to the final mean, some data points contribute more

“weight” than others.

Where:

is the weighted mean variable

is the allocated weighted value

is the observed values

Weighted Mean =

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter overseen the presentation, analysis and interpretation of

data gathered by the researchers. This study aims to determine the factors

that influence teenagers in Barangay San Miguel in taking cigarettes. The

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researchers use survey questionnaire but in online form to answer the

questions communicated in the statement of the problem.

4.1 Presentation, Analysis And Interpretation of Data

Personal Biographic Data

This section of questionnaire covered the participant's age and gender.

Though not central to the study, the personal data helped contextualize the

findings and the formulation of appropriate recommendation to the future

researchers, administration of Barangay, citizens and participants.

The graph 1 shows the age of respondents. 25 or 25% of the

respondents are 13-15 in age. 50 or 50% of them are in age of 16-18 of the

total population. 10 respondents or 10% are in 19-21 of age and 15 or 15 %

of the respondents are age 22-24. Majority of the respondents are in between

1618 years of age.

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The graph 2 shows the gender of respondents. Out of 100 participants,

85 or 85% of the total population are male. Conversely, 15 participants or 15%

of the total population are female.

Data Analysis

Table 1. Factors Influencing Teenagers In Taking Cigarettes

Frequency

Question Average Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank

4 3 2 1

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1 20 40 25 15 2.65 Agree 5th

2 35 30 25 10 2.90 Agree 2nd

3 15 40 25 20 2.50 Disagree 7th

4 15 30 35 20 2.40 Disagree 9th

5 10 50 20 20 2.50 Disagree 7th

6 75 15 5 5 3.60 Strongly Agree 1st

7 0 40 40 20 2.20 Disagree 10th

8 15 55 25 5 2.80 Agree 3rd

9 10 55 20 15 2.60 Agree 6th

10 20 50 20 10 2.80 Agree 3rd

Weighted Average 2.695 Agree

Verbal Interpretation

Rating Mean Range Interpretation

4 3.26-4.00 Strongly Agree

3 2.51-3.25 Agree

2 1.76-2.50 Disagree

1 1.00-1.75 Strongly Disagree

The table 1 shows the factors that influence teenagers in Barangay San

Miguel in taking cigarettes. Of these factors, the lowest mean rating was in the

area of academic achievement with an average mean of 2.20 and has a

verbal interpretation of disagree while the highest mean rating was registered

in the area of influence of peer groups with an average mean of 3.60 and has

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a verbal interpretation of strongly agree. Additionally, the research participants

indicated that they disagreed with 4 of the 10 factors that initiate to cigarette

smoking, namely: developmental changes in race/ethnicity (2.50),

acceptability and availability of tobacco products (2.40), interpersonal

variables (2.50) and academic achievement (2.20). Meanwhile, the

respondents signified that they agreed with 5 of the 10 factors, which includes:

developmental changes of adolescence (2.65), developmental changes in

gender (2.90), knowledge of the long-term health consequences of using

tobacco (2.80), functional meaning of tobacco use (2.60), and variables

related to self-esteem and personality (2.80). On the other hand, the

respondents strongly agreed to 1 out of 10 factors which is the influence of

peer groups (3.60).

The results imply that on the whole, all the factors presented in the

questionnaire were found to be important and relevant factors of teenage

cigarette smoking. The outcome of the factors influencing teenagers in taking

cigarettes has a verbal interpretation of agree with a weighted average of

2.695. However, 6 of these factors showed more weight in terms of influencing

the teenagers in taking cigarettes as demonstrated by the statements and the

mean ratings given by the participants. In fact, based on the mean average

the following can be considered as respondents’ top three factors of teenage

cigarette smoking: influence of peer groups (1 st), developmental changes in

gender (2nd) and knowledge of the long-term health consequences of using

tobacco (3rd).

Table 2. Impacts Of Cigarettes Smoking Among Teenagers

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Frequency
4 3 2 1
Question Average Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank
1 35 50 10 5 3.15 Agree 5th
2 30 60 10 0 3.20 Agree 4th
3 40 60 0 0 3.40 Strongly Agree 1st
4 15 30 40 15 2.45 Disagree 9th
5 50 40 0 10 3.30 Strongly Agree 2nd
6 50 40 0 10 3.30 Strongly Agree 2nd
7 20 35 45 0 2.75 Agree 8th
8 25 55 20 0 3.05 Agree 6th
9 15 75 10 0 3.05 Agree 6th
10 0 55 35 10 2.45 Disagree 9th
Weighted Average 3.01 Agree

Verbal Interpretation
Rating Mean Range Interpretation
4 3.26-4.00 Strongly Agree
3 2.51-3.25 Agree
2 1.76-2.50 Disagree
1 1.00-1.75 Strongly Disagree

The table 2 shows the impacts of cigarette smoking among teenagers

in Barangay San Miguel. Of these effects, the lowest mean rating was in the

area of loss of weight with an average mean of 2.45 (9 th) and has a verbal

interpretation of disagree and high risk for low academic achievement with an

average mean of 2.45 (9th) having a verbal interpretation of disagree while the

highest mean rating was registered in the area of affects athletic performance

and other physically active pursuits with an average mean of 3.40 (1 st) having

a verbal interpretation of strongly agree. Additionally, the research participants

indicated that they disagreed with 2 of the 10 impacts of cigarette smoking

among teenagers, namely: loss of weight (2.45) and high risk for low

19
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

academic achievement (2.45). Meanwhile, the respondents signified that they

agreed with

5 of the 10 impacts, which includes: has adverse effects on brain development

(3.15), shortness of breath and less stamina (3.20), associated with a host of

other risky behaviours, such as fighting and engaging in unprotected sex

(2.75), cause to feel stressed (3.05), and indicate a greater chance of smoking

through adulthood (3.05). On the other hand, the respondents strongly agreed

to 3 out of 10 impacts which includes affects athletic performance and other

physically active pursuits. (3.40), associated with respiratory diseases (3.30)

and cause of attention deficits (3.30).

To sum up all the information stated so far, the result of the impacts of

cigarette smoking has a verbal interpretation of agree with a weighted average

of 3.01. Therefore, based on the mean average, the following can be

considered as respondents’ top three impacts of cigarette smoking: affects

athletic performance and other physically active pursuits (1 st), associated with

respiratory diseases (2nd) and cause of attention deficits (2nd).

Table 3. Solutions To Teenage Cigarette Smoking

Frequency

Question Average Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank

4 3 2 1

1 65 25 10 0 3.55 Strongly Agree 1st

2 35 50 15 0 3.20 Agree 3rd

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

3 35 65 0 0 3.35 Strongly Agree 2nd

4 30 55 15 0 3.15 Agree 4th
5 30 50 20 0 3.10 Agree 6th
6 5 45 20 30 2.25 Disagree 10th
7 30 55 0 15 3.00 Agree 8th
8 45 30 15 10 3.10 Agree 6th
9 30 55 15 0 3.15 Agree 4th
10 15 65 15 5 2.90 Agree 9th
Weighted Average 3.075 Agree

Verbal Interpretation
Rating Mean Range Interpretation
4 3.26-4.00 Strongly Agree
3 2.51-3.25 Agree
2 1.76-2.50 Disagree
1 1.00-1.75 Strongly Disagree

The table 3 shows the solutions to eradicate cigarette smoking among

teenagers in Barangay San Miguel. Of these solutions, the lowest mean rating

was counselling interventions with an average mean of 2.25 (10 th) and has a

verbal interpretation of disagree. Meanwhile the highest mean rating was

greater parental guidance with an average mean of 3.55 (1 st) having a verbal

interpretation of strongly agree. In addition, the research participants indicated

that they disagreed with counselling interventions (2.25) as a solution to

cigarette smoking among teenagers. Meanwhile, the respondents signified

that they agreed with 7 of the 10 statements as a solution to the problem

which includes: implementing stricter rules from barangay (3.20), establishing

more youth groups and clubs (3.15), funding and encourage research on the

effects of tobacco use in youth (3.10), mass media campaigns to raise

awareness about cigarette smoking (3.00), make non-smoking friends (3.10),

provide recreational activities by barangay official (3.15) and school based

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

programs in smoking prevention (2.90). Conversely, the respondents strongly

agreed to 2 statements as a solution to eradicate smoking behaviour among

teenagers which includes greater parental guidance (3.55) and smoking

legislation regulating age of access and smoking in public places (3.35).

Overall, the result of the solutions to solve cigarette smoking has a

verbal interpretation of agree with a weighted average of 3.75. Therefore,

based on the mean average, the following can be considered as respondents’

top three solutions regarding teenage cigarette smoking: greater parental

guidance (1st), Smoking legislation regulating age of access and smoking in

public places (2nd) and implementing stricter rules from barangay (3rd).

Findings

In this section, the researchers write all the findings that have gathered

based on the research question. Researchers’ personal perception can also

be included.

Influence of peer groups,

developmental changes in
gender and knowledge of
Factors the long-term health
consequences of using
tobacco.

Adverse effects on
Teenage athletic performance
Cigarette
and
Greaterother physically
parental
Impacts
Smoking active
guidance, pursuits,
smoking
respiratory
legislation diseases
regulating
and attention
age deficits.and
of access
smoking in public
places and 22
implementing stricter
rules from the barangay
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Conclusion

This chapter discussed the data analysis and interpretation with

reference to the literature review. The aim of the study is to identity the factors

influencing teenagers in taking cigarettes, its impacts and also the action plan

or solutions to deal with the problem. It may also include the introduction, and

the personal geographic data which involves the data collection method and

the questionnaire that the researchers did. The main findings of the

investigation were summarized in each section.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter concludes the study by dealing with summary of

findings, conclusions and recommendations on the factors influencing

teenagers in Brgy. San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas in taking cigarettes

5.1 Summary

Specifically, it sought to answer the following:

1. What are the factors that influence teenagers in Barangay San Miguel in

taking cigarettes?

1.1 Influence of peer groups

1.2 Developmental changes in gender

1.3 Knowledge of the long-term health consequences of using tobacco

1.4 Variables related to self-esteem and personality

1.5 Developmental changes of adolescence

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

2. How does cigarette smoking affects the teenagers in the community of

Barangay San Miguel?

2.1 Affects athletic performance and other physically active pursuits

2.2 Associated with respiratory diseases

2.3 Cause of attention deficits

2.4 Shortness of breath and less stamina

2.5 Has adverse effects on brain development

3. What are the possible solution to eradicate the cigarette smoking among

teenagers in Barangay San Miguel?

3.1 Greater parental guidance

3.2 Smoking legislation resulting age of access and smoking in public

places

3.3 Implementing stricter rules from barangay

3.4 Establishing more youth groups and clubs

3.5 Providing recreational activities by barangay officials

1. Factors influencing teenagers in Barangay San Miguel in taking cigarettes.

The factors that greatly contributes to the initiation of teenagers in taking

cigarettes are influence of peer groups, developmental changes in gender,

knowledge of the long-term health consequences of using tobacco, variables

related to self-esteem and personality, and developmental changes of

adolescence.

2. Impacts of cigarette smoking among teenagers in Barangay San Miguel.

The impacts of cigarette smoking among teenagers in Barangay San Miguel

are the effects on athletic performance and other physically active pursuits,

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

associated with respiratory diseases, cause of attention deficits, shortness of

breath and less stamina and has adverse effects on brain development.

3.Solutions to be employed to eradicate teenage cigarette smoking in

Barangay San Miguel.

The solutions to be employed to have to solve the smoking behavior among

teenagers are greater parental guidance, smoking legislation regulating age of

access and smoking in public places, implementing stricter rules from

barangay. In addition to that, establishing more youth groups and clubs and

providing recreational activities by barangay officials can also be a solution.

5.2 Findings

After gathering substantial information with the respondents, the factors

that influence to the initiation of teenagers in taking cigarettes are influence of

peer groups, developmental changes in gender, knowledge of the long-term

health consequences of using tobacco, variables related to self-esteem and

personality, and developmental changes of adolescence. Meanwhile, smoking

habits among teenagers resulted to negative effects on them. These are

effects on athletic performance and other physically active pursuits,

associated with respiratory diseases, cause of attention deficits, shortness of

breath and less stamina and has adverse effects on brain development.

Furthermore, the action plan and solutions to be employed to solved the

smoking behavior among teenagers are greater parental guidance, smoking

legislation resulting age of access and smoking in public places, implementing

stricter rules from barangay. In addition to that, establishing more youth

26
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

groups and clubs and providing recreational activities by barangay officials

can also be a solution.

5.3 Conclusion

Based on the summary and findings, the following conclusions were drawn.

1. The factors that influence to the initiation of teenagers in taking

cigarettes are influence of peer groups, developmental changes in gender,

knowledge of the long-term health consequences of using tobacco, variables

related to self-esteem and personality, and developmental changes of

adolescence.

2. Smoking habits among teenagers resulted to negative effects on them.

These are effects on athletic performance and other physically active pursuits,

associated with respiratory diseases, cause of attention deficits, shortness of

breath and less stamina and has adverse effects on brain development.

3. The action plan and solutions to be employed to solved the smoking

behaviour among teenagers are greater parental guidance, smoking

legislation resulting age of access and smoking in public places, implementing

stricter rules from barangay. In addition to that, establishing more youth

groups and clubs and providing recreational activities by barangay officials

can also be a solution.

5.4 Recommendations

1. Educate the teenagers about the cigarette smoking.

2. Provide recreational activities by the barangay.

3. Strengthen school based programs about cigarette smoking.

4. Implement stricter rules and regulations.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

5 .Strengthen the parental guidance among teenagers.

6. Establish more youth groups and clubs.

7. Encourage youth to make non- smoking friends.

Bibliography

Allem, J., Ayers, J. W., Irvin, V. L., Hofstetter, C. R., & Hovell, M. F. (2012).

South Korean military service promotes smoking: A quasi-experimental

design.

Yonsei Medical Journal, 53(2), 433-438.

https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2012.53.2.433

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, NY:

W.H. Freeman and Company.

Bell, K., Dennis, S., Robinson, J., & Moore, R. (2015). Does the hand that

controls the cigarette packet rule the smoker? findings from ethnographic

interviews with smokers in Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom and the

USA. Social Science & Medicine, 142, 136-144.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.08.021

Bell, K., Salmon, A., & McNaughton, D. (2011). Alcohol, tobacco, obesity and

the new public health. Critical Public Health, 21(1), 1-8.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2010.530642

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Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology.

Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.

https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Canadian Cancer Society. (2016). Cigarette package health warnings:

International status report. Retrieved May 8, 2017, from

http://www.tobaccolabels.ca/wp/wp-

content/uploads/2016/11/CigarettePackage-HealthWarnings-International-

Status-Report-English-CCS-Oct-2016.pdf

Gabing, F 2010, ‘The Sabah perspective: health promotion initiatives in rural

health’, The Malaysian Journal of Nursing. A Journal for the Healthcare and

Nursing Community, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 21–24.

Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2012, GATS collaborative group: question-

byquestion specifications, Version 2.0, Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention, Atlanta.

Gonseth, S, Sadowski, IJ, Diethelm, PA, Barras, V & Cermiz, J 2012, ‘The

tobacco industry’s past role in weight control related to smoking’, The

European Journal of Public Health Advance, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 234–237.

Isohanni, M, Moilanen, I & Rantakallio, P 2006, ‘Determinants of teenage

smoking, with special reference to non-standard family background’, British

Journal of Addiction, vol. 86, no. 4, pp. 391–398.

Jeanfreau, S, Porche, D & Lee, OD 2010, ‘Determinants of health: a

framework for advanced health assessment: men’s health’, The Journal for

Nurse Practitioners, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 226–227.

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Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Kiechl, S, Werner, P, Egger, G, Oberhollenzer, F, Mayr, G, Xu, Q, Poewe, W

& Willeit, J 2002, ‘Active and passive smoking, chronic infections, and the risk

of carotid atherosclerosis prospective results from the Bruneck study’, Journal

of the American Heart Association,vol. 33, pp. 2170–2176.

Naing, NN , Zulkifli, A, Razlan, M, Farique Rizal, AH, Haslan, G & Mohd Hilmi,

AB 2004, ‘Factor related to smoking habit of male adolescents’, Tobacco

Induced Diseases, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 133–140. Lee, LK, Paul, CYC, Kam, CW

AB 2004, ‘Factor related to smoking habit of male adolescents’, Tobacco

Induced Diseases, vol. 2, no, 3, pp. 133–140.

Olla, P 2006, Book review: handbook of informatics for nurses and health care

professionals, 3rd edn, International Journal of Healthcare Information

Systems and Informatics, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 77–79.

Poland, B, Frohlich, K, Haines, RJ, Mykhalorskiy, E, Rock, M & Sparkus, R

2006, ‘The social context of smoking: the next frontier in tobacco control’,

Tobacco Control, vol. 15, pp. 59–63.

Polit, DF & Beck, C T 2011, Nursing research: generating and assessing

evidence for nursing practice, 9th edn, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA.

Ryan, F, Coughlan, M & Cronin, P 2007, ‘Step-bystep guide to critiquing

research methodologies, part 2: qualitative research’, British Journal of

Nursing, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 738–744.

Tortora, G & Derrickson, B 2010, Essentials of anatomy and physiology

(Malaysian student version), 8th edn, John Wiley and Sons, Asia.

United Nations Development Programmes 2011, Malaysian development

goal,

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Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

UNDP, Geneva.

‘Impact on quit attempt of mailed general practitioner ‘brief advice’ letters plus

nicotine replacement therapy vouchers’, Journal of Primary Health Care, vol.

2, no. 1, pp. 4–10.

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epidemic, 2008: the MPOWER package, WHO, Geneva.

Appendices

Letter To The Principal

February 3, 2021
JOHN D. AGDAN
Principal II
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Poblacion, Lobo, Batangas

Dear Sir,

Greetings for student empowerment!

We, the students of Humanities and Social Sciences Grade 12-Pearl Lobo Senior
High School, taking the subject Practical Research II are tasked to conduct a
quantitative research with the title, “Analysis on the Factors Influencing Teenagers in
Barangay San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas in Taking Cigarettes”, in order to accomplish
the following set of objectives:
1. To integrate the concepts and techniques learned in preparing a quantitative
research.
2. To determine the importance and application of quantitative research across
different fields of study.
In line with this, we would like to ask your good office to allow us to conduct an
interview and gather information with the use of online platform because we can’t do
it in a faceto-face manner due to the COVID 19 Pandemic that we are experiencing
right now. Along with this, we are still going to observe the safety protocol
implemented by the Local Government Unit.
We are looking forward for your positive response on this matter.

Student Researchers,
ABELA, MARK KELVIN D.
DUEÑAS, JOHN LESTER M.

31
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Batangas
District of Lobo
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

TORRES, CHRISTIAN C.
DUEÑAS, MHEA MHEA G.
MANALO, ZYLANE MAE A.

Noted by:

ROMNICK N. MAGSINO ANNIELYN A. MERCADO

Teacher II/ Research Teacher Master Teacher I/ Subject Head

Approved by:
JOHN D. AGDAN
Principal II

32
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

Letter to the Respondents

Dear Respondents,

Good Day!

This questionnaire is a part of the study being conducted by the students of

Lobo Senior High School, Academic Track under Humanities And Social Sciences

(HUMSS) Strand in relation to the “ANALYSIS ON THE FACTORS INFLUENCING

TEENAGERS IN BARANGAY SAN MIGUEL, LOBO, BATANGAS IN TAKING

CIGARETTES”. Please fill out the needed information that corresponds to the

questions in the survey questionnaire. Rest assured that the data that you will provide

will be kept with utmost confidentiality and will only be utilized for academic purposes.

We are hoping for your positive response to this matter.

Thank you and more power.

Respectfully yours,

The Researchers

33
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

QUESTIONNAIRE

TITLE: ANALYSIS ON THE FACTORS INFLUENCING TEENAGERS IN

BARANGAY SAN MIGUEL, LOBO, BATANGAS IN TAKING CIGARETTES
I. RESPONDENT’S PROFILE
Name (Optional):_______________________ Sex:
____________
Age: ____________

II. FACTORS INFLUENCING TEENAGERS IN BARANGAY SAN MIGUEL, LOBO,

BATANGAS IN TAKING CIGARETTES

Directions: Put a check mark (✓) in the appropriate column that corresponds to the
factors that influence you in taking cigarettes based on the following options:

4 – Strongly Agree 2 – Disagree

3 – Agree 1 – Strongly Disagree
Factors Influencing Teenager To Smoke in terms of: 4 3 2 1
Sociodemographic factors:
4. Developmental changes of adolescence
5. Developmental changes in gender
6. Developmental changes in race/ethnicity
Environmental factors:
3. Acceptability and availability of tobacco products
4. Interpersonal variables
Behavioural factors:
3. Influence of peer groups
4. Academic achievement
Personal factors:
4. Knowledge of the long-term health consequences of
using tobacco
5. Functional meaning of tobacco use
6. Variables related to self-esteem and personality

III. How does cigarette smoking affects the teenagers in the community of
Barangay San Miguel?

Directions: Put a check mark (✓) in the appropriate column that corresponds to the
impacts of taking cigarettes based on the following options:

4 – Strongly Agree 2 – Disagree

3 – Agree 1 – Strongly Disagree

34
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

Impacts of cigarette smoking among teenagers 4 3 2 1

Health related
1. Has adverse effects on brain development
2. Shortness of breath and less stamina
3. Affects athletic performance and other physically
active pursuits
4. Loss of weight
5. Associated with respiratory diseases
Behavioural risk
6. Cause of attention deficits
7. Associated with a host of other risky behaviours, such
as fighting and engaging in unprotected sex
8. Cause to feel stressed
9. Indicate a greater chance of smoking through
adulthood
10. High risk for low academic achievement

IV. What are the possible solution to eradicate the cigarette smoking among
teenagers in Barangay San Miguel?

Directions: Put a check mark (✓) in the appropriate column that corresponds to the
solutions to teenage cigarette smoking based on the following options:

4 – Strongly Agree 2 – Disagree

3 – Agree 1 – Strongly Disagree
Solutions to teenage cigarette smoking 4 3 2 1
1. Greater parental guidance
2. Implementing stricter rules from barangay
3. Smoking legislation regulating age of access and
smoking in public places
4. Establishing more youth groups and clubs
5. Funding and encourage research on the effects of
tobacco use in youth
6. Counselling interventions
7. Mass media campaigns to raise awareness about
cigarette smoking
8. Make non-smoking friends
9. Providing recreational activities by barangay officials
10. School based programs in smoking prevention

Documentation Pictures

35
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

CURRICULUM VITAE

36
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: John Lester M. Dueñas

Address: San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas
Strand: Humanities and Social Sciences

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School Lobo Senior High School

Poblacion, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2020-2021

Junior High School Malapad na Parang National High School

Malapad na Parang, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2018-2019

Primary School San Miguel Elementary School

San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2014-2015

Motto “Be the change that you wish to see in

the world”

Personal Information

Name: Mark Kelvin D. Abela

37
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

Address: San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas

Strand: Humanities and Social Sciences

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School Lobo Senior High School

Poblacion, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2020-2021

Junior High School Masaguitsit-Banalo National High School

Masaguitsit-Banalo, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2018-2019

Primary School San Miguel Elementary School

San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2014-2015

Motto “I alone cannot change the world, but

I
can cast a stone across the water to create many ripples”

Personal Information

38
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

Name: Christian C. Torres

Address: San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas
Strand: Humanities and Social Sciences

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School Lobo Senior High School

Poblacion, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2020-2021

Junior High School Malapad na Parang National High School

Malapad na Parang, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2018-2019

Primary School San Miguel Elementary School

San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2014-2015

Motto “I have learned over the years

that
when one's mind is made up, this diminishes fear”

Personal Information

39
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

Name: Mhea Mhea G. Dueñas

Address: San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas
Strand: Humanities and Social Sciences

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School Lobo Senior High School

Poblacion, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2020-2021

Junior High School Masaguitsit-Banalo National High School

Masaguitsit-Banalo, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2017-2018

Primary School San Miguel Elementary School

San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2013-2014

Motto “There is no poverty like ignorance and

wealth like knowledge”

Personal Information

Name: Zylane Mae A. Manalo

40
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

Address: San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas

Strand: Humanities and Social Sciences

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School Lobo Senior High School

Poblacion, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2020-2021

Junior High School Malapad na Parang National High School

Malapad na Parang, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2018-2019

Primary School San Miguel Elementary School

San Miguel, Lobo, Batangas
A.Y. 2014-2015

Motto “You miss 100% of the shots you don't

take”

41
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
District of Lobo
Lobo Senior High School

42