Living in The It Era

LIVING IN THE IT ERA
THE IT ERA
⚫ IT – Information Technology
Information technology is the use of computers to
store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data or
information. IT is typically used within the context of
business operations as opposed to personal or
entertainment technologies. IT is considered to be a
subset of information and communications technology.
LIVING WITH IT
⚫ One aspect of technology that has had a great impact on society
is how it affects learning. It’s made learning more interactive and
collaborative, this helps people better engage with the material
that they are learning and have trouble with. Also, it gets you
better access to resources. With the creation of the internet, it
gives us access to information at a twenty-four-hour rate and you
have access to almost anything online. In addition, it allows
students to get work done easier. Students can take quizzes and
exams more easily, and teachers being able to hold online classes
can be very effective. It also expands the boundaries of the
classroom, encouraging self-paced learning. People can access
learning through YouTube and social media. This helps students
learn better than sitting down for lectures and reading from
textbooks. These technological advancements made learning
more fun and convenient.
⚫ Another way technology has impacted society is
through communication, how we talk and
communicate with one another worldwide.
Technology brought many new methods of electronic
communication.
ME, YOU AND THE BOT
⚫ HUMAN
⚫ APPLICATION SOTFTWARE
⚫ PHYSICAL
PHYSICAL DEVICES
⚫ Computer, cellphone, routers, Smart TV, or any
computerize gadgets
LOGICAL OR SOFTWARE
⚫ Software is a collection of instructions and data that
tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to
physical hardware, from which the system is built and
actually performs the work.
⚫ Ms WORD, messenger, Operating system, Facebook,
ETC.
PROCESS
DATA Processing
Data refers to the raw facts that do not have much
meaning to the user and may
include numbers, letters, symbols, sound or images.
Information refers to the meaningful
output obtained after processing the data.
Data processing therefore refers to the process of
transforming raw data into
meaningful output i.e. information. Data processing can be
done manually using pen and
paper. Mechanically using simple devices like typewriters or
electronically using modern
data processing tools such as computers.
What is Computer data processing
cycle?
Data processing cycle as the term suggests a sequence
of steps or operations for
processing data i.e., processing raw data to the usable
and readable form. The processing of
data can be done by number of data processing methods
and processing systems.
Stages of Data Processing
1) Input – The raw data after collection needs to be fed in the
cycle for processing. This
is considered the first step and called input.
2) Processing – Once the input is provided the raw data is
processed by a suitable or
selected processing method. This is the most important step as it
provides the
processed data in the form of output which will be used further.
3) Output – This is the outcome and the raw data provided in the
first stage is now
“processed” and the data is useful and provides information and no
longer called
data. Output is also understood as meaningful information or
useful information.
What are the parts of a Computer
System?
There are three major components of a computer system
⚫ 1) hardware
⚫ 2) software
⚫ 3) humanware
Input Devices
input device is a piece of equipment used to provide
data and control signals to an information processing
system such as a computer or information appliance.
Output Devices
An output device is any piece of computer hardware
equipment which converts information into
human-readable form. It can be text, graphics, tactile,
audio, and video. Some of the output devices are Visual
Display Units (VDU) i.e. a Monitor, Printer, Graphic
Output devices, Plotters, Speakers etc.
Types of computer
Supercomputers are the biggest and fastest computers.
They are designed to process huge amount of data. A
supercomputer can process trillions of instructions in a
second. It has thousands of interconnected processors.
Mainframe computers are designed to support hundreds

or thousands of users simultaneously. They can support
multiple
programs at the same time. It means they can execute
different processes simultaneously.
⚫ Miniframe or Minicomputer Miniframe computers are
used in institutes and departments for tasks such as
billing, accounting and inventory management.
⚫ Workstation is a single user computer that is designed
for technical or scientific applications. It has a faster
⚫ Microcomputer is also known as a personal computer.
It is a general-purpose computer that is designed for
individual use. It has a microprocessor as a central
processing unit, memory, storage area, input unit and
output unit.
Parts of computer
⚫  The computer case - part that holds all of the
internal components to make up the computer itself.
⚫  Motherboard- function is to integrate all the
components with each other so they can communicate
and operate together.
⚫ CPU: Central Processing Unit - processes all the
information on a computational level. It takes
information from the RAM and processes it to perform
the tasks required from the computer.
⚫  RAM: Random Access Memory - data storage device
that can provide fast read and write access. RAM is
also volatile which means that it loses all the stored
data the moment power is lost
⚫ Graphics Card - processes the data from the
motherboard and sends the appropriate information
to the monitor in order for it to be displayed
⚫ Sound Card - sound processing chip on the card does
all of the audio processing and is usually not a very
powerful processor
⚫ Hard Drive - An operating system is a software
program that makes a computer useable. Like
Microsoft Windows
⚫ SSD: Solid State Drive - consists of a bank of flash
memory that can hold a reasonable amount of data.
⚫ PSU: Power Supply Unit - power supply mounts inside
the computer case.
⚫ Monitor - what you use to see a visual representation
of the graphics data sent from the graphics card of the
computer.
⚫ Keyboard - typing a key from the keyboard, it sends a
small portion of data to tell the computer which key
was pressed.
⚫ Mouse - allows the user to move a pointer displayed on
the monitor and experience a more intuitive
interaction with the computer

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LIVING IN THE IT ERA

Mainframe computers are designed to support hundreds

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