Q4-AFA-Swine Production-10-Week 7

W7
Learning Area Animal Production (Swine) Grade Level 10

Quarter 4th Date
I. LESSON TITLE HANDLING FARROWING SOWS AND SUCKLINGS (HFSS)
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING LO 1. Prepare animals for farrowing
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) 1.1 Clean and disinfect farrowing stalls or pens following the standard hygienic
procedures
1.2 Bathe sows following Good Animal Husbandry Practices (GAHP)
TLE_AFAAPS9-12HFSS-IIIh-j-19
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT The students demonstrate an understanding of the underlying concepts and
principles in handling farrowing sows and suckling
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
I. Introduction (Time Frame: ________)
Let us determine first how much you already know.
Direction: Give the meaning of the following words
Colostrum–
Stillborn–
Litter size-
D. Development (Time Frame: ________)
Signs of Farrowing
1. nest-making; nudging of hurdles, walls, and flooring; biting of hurdles and guard rails
2. sow always in a “sitting dog” position
3. distention and enlargement of the udder
4. enlargement and swelling of the vulva
5. small round size of sow’s manure and frequent urination
6. milk letdown
7. mucous discharge with meconium
8. signs of labor
Materials needed during Farrowing

1. Obstetric Snare or String
2. Heat Lamp or Heating Pad
3. Rags and Towels
4. Iodine or Betadine
5. Injectable Iron
6. Scissors
7. Needles
8. Syringes
9. Lubrication
10. Bottles with Nipple
11. Colostrum Replacer
12. Flashlight or Head Lamp
Things To Do During Farrowing Time

1. Do not leave the sow during farrowing time. Be ready to assist the sow if necessary. In order to prevent serious complications
and losses, farrowing should be supervised skillfully and with empathy. However, keep in mind that too much supervision can be
as harmful as too little or no assistance at all.
2. A sow needs a quiet environment at farrowing time. Excessive noise can cause discomfort and delay in farrowing . It is
important that the farrowing sow should not be disturbed, unless difficulty in labor and other complications arise.
3. Providing music to the pregnant sow is advisable. It has been observed that soothing music before and during farrowing
decreases the boredom and excitability of sows. Also, it minimizes loneliness among caretakers and increases labor efficiency.
4. Once piglets are farrowed, remove the transparent fetal membrane covering the body with a clean and dry piece of cloth.
This will warm and dry the newborn’s body and prevent the piglets from chilling. Piglets are born at an interval of 5 to 15 minutes,
or in extreme causes, at 30-minute intervals. A delay in birth usually leads to higher occurrence of stillbirths. Piglets are born either
head first or rear feet first. Seventy percent of the piglets are born with intact umbilical cords.
5. Remove any mucus clogging the nose as soon as possible to prevent suffocation. If the piglet cannot breathe freely, holds its
hind legs with the head down and swing it gently.
6. For seemingly lifeless piglets, examine the base of the umbilical cord. A piglet can still be saved by applying artificial
respiration if a pulsing movement is observed in the cord.
B. Common Causes of Difficult Birth
1. Lack of uterine inertia. This may be due to insufficiency of hormones necessary for parturition, mineral deficiency, or any
diseases affecting the uterus. Run your fingers lightly along the whole length of the mammary area to stimulate the secretion of
oxytocin in the sow’s system. Oxytocin induces the uterus to contract, thereby hastening the birth of the piglets.
2. Fetal malpresentation. The normal presentation of piglets is either the head first or hind legs first.
3. Obstruction in the birth canal. Constipation causes the enlargement of the large intestine, which can obstruct the birth canal.
The distention and pushing up of the urinary bladder under the vagina can also cause obstruction.
4. Deviation of the uterus. Sometimes, the normal shape or form of the uterus may be changed into an S-shaped bend causing
difficulty in labor.
5. Hysteria. This is observed when the number of piglets is small. The individual piglets in the litter tend to be too large. This is also a
result of upgrading, especially when a small native sow is mated with a large boar.
C. Indication of Difficult Birth

1. Gestation goes beyond normal limits.
2. The sow emits a whitish, foul vaginal discharge a few days before farrowing.
3. There is straining of the sow, but piglets are not farrowed. This may be due to obstruction of the birth canal, malpresentation of
piglets, or deviation of the uterus.
4. The sow stops laboring.
5. Labor is prolonged.
6. Severe tiredness results from prolonged laboring.
D. Correct Procedure for a Safe Delivery

1. Check your fingernails. If they are long and sharp at the edges, trim your nails short and smooth.
2. Clean the vulva, or the lips of the sow’s reproductive organ thoroughly.
3. Wash your hands and arms very well with soap and water. After washing, lubricate your hand with petroleum jelly or coconut
oil.
4. Lubricate your hand and arm and cup your hand.
5. Open the lips of the vulva with the other hand and insert the cupped hand gently into the birth canal. If the animal labors,
keep the hand in place and penetrate deeper when the animal relaxes. Repeat this step until a piglet is encountered. Feel and
determine the presentation of the fetus, that is, what part will come out first, whether head or feet.
6. In case of malpresentation of the fetus, push the piglet gently to change its position such that the posterior or the hind legs are
felt first. If the anterior or the head is felt first, grasp the piglet’s head at the base of the head.
7. Pull the piglet gently towards the vulva when the sow exerts pushing effort to deliver the piglet. Usually, after successfully
removing the obstructing piglet, the remaining piglets will be easily delivered one by one by the sow.
If dilation of the vaginal opening is slow and partial, the delay in parturition is due to hormone inefficiency, In that case,
inject 1.5 to 2.0 cc of oxytocin intramuscularly. Oxytocin will also help remove the retained placenta after birth.
A good indication that farrowing has terminated is the coming out of the placenta. Remove the placenta from the pen
immediately. Do not allow the sow to eat the placenta because it will develop the habit of cannibalism.
Do not give the usual feed ration to the sow after it has given birth. The animal may produce too much milk that the piglets
cannot consume and this will cause the hardening of the udder. Decrease the usual half-kilogram ration and increase it little by
little up to the third day.
Sow Cleaning
Rinse the teats and belly with mild soap and warm water before the sow is placed in the farrowing pen. This will eliminate soil
and fecal materials that may contain numerous bacteria that are potential diarrhea-producing agents during nursing pig. This
procedure will also eliminate ascaris (roundworm) eggs, which would act as a source of infection for nursing pig.
Transferring to Farrowing Pens
1. Sow must be at the right stage, and at the right time
2. Milk is present
3. Sow becomes restless
4. Sow tries to escape the crate
5. Sow chew objects
6. Sow urinates frequently
7. Sow tends to build a bed or nest.
Swine reached puberty at about five (5) months of age. Puberty is the beginning of the reproductive capability of sexual
maturity of the animal. Gilt is a young female swine that weighs around 120-130 kg and has already cycled at least twice,
usually aging 6-8 months.
Gilt and sow undergo regular heat periods also known as the Estrus Cycle. Estrus cycle or period of heat is a state of ovulation
and sexual receptiveness to mating.
Gilt and Sow Behavior in Estrus or Second Stage: Service Period Signs Third Stage: Post Estrus Period Signs:
Heat: First Stage: Early Heat Signs
 Restlessness  Vulvae become less red and swollen.  The sow or gilt releases high-pitch squeal
 Red swollen vulvae  Slimy mucus discharge (stress vocalization) when back pressured.
 White mucus discharge  Biting boar’s ears lightly  The sow or gilt does not stand still when
 Frequent urination  Mounting pen mates pressure or stroking is applied to her back.
 Loss of Appetite  The sow or gilt shows standing reflex or  Normal vulvae
 Noisy characteristic grunts and locked up
honks  Silent or making soft rhythmic grunts
 Desire for proximity to boars when boar performs olfactory and tactile
 Perking or twitching ears behavior
E. Engagement (Time Frame: _________)

Direction: In no less than 100 words, answer the question given below.
After learning about animal behaviour and heat detection, how will these be useful in meeting the demands of meat
consumption? Write your answer on your notebook.
A. Assimilation (Time Frame: _________)
Based on the lesson that had been discussed, make a reflection on how does proper management of the sow affect the swine
production industry. Write it in a sheet of paper.
V. ASSESSMENT (Time Frame: _________)
Directions:
Let us see if you understood the lesson. Select the letter of your answer
to each question, and write your answer in your activity notebook.
1. Which is not a good sign of approaching parturition?
a. restlessness b. refusal to eat
c. building of nest d. enlargement of the udder
2. What substance helps the sow during farrowing?
a. dertran b. oxytocin
c. pine tar d. sulfanilamide
3. Which is not true about the effect of music before and after farrowing?
a. Music increases excitability of the sow. b. Music minimizes loneliness among caretakers.
c. Music provides good environment to the sow. d. Music increases labor efficiency of caretakers.
VI. REFLECTION (Time Frame: _________)

• Communicate your personal assessment as indicated in the Learner’s Assessment Card.
Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance

Using the symbols below, choose one which best describes your experience in working on each given task. Draw it in
the column for Level of Performance (LP). Be guided by the descriptions below:
 - I was able to do/perform the task without any difficulty. The task helped me in understanding the target content/ lesson.
 - I was able to do/perform the task. It was quite challenging, but it still helped me in understanding the target
content/lesson.
? – I was not able to do/perform the task. It was extremely difficult. I need additional enrichment activities to be able to
do/perform this task.
Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP
Number 1 Number 3 Number 5 Number 7
Number 2 Number 4 Number 6 Number 8
VII. REFERENCES ANIMAL PRODUCTION NC II MODULE 5: CARING/MANAGING SWINE IN DIFFERENT

STAGES OF GROWTH pp.-9-13
Prepared by: FERDINAND D. ANGKAHAN, Ph.D. Checked by: SDO Reviewer

Jenna Joy Dela Rosa
Florendo S. Galang
August M. Jamora
RO Reviewer
Rully P. Delos Poyos, Ph.D

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W7

Learning Area Animal Production (Swine) Grade Level 10

Materials needed during Farrowing

Things To Do During Farrowing Time

C. Indication of Difficult Birth

D. Correct Procedure for a Safe Delivery

E. Engagement (Time Frame: _________)

VI. REFLECTION (Time Frame: _________)

Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance

VII. REFERENCES ANIMAL PRODUCTION NC II MODULE 5: CARING/MANAGING SWINE IN DIFFERENT

Prepared by: FERDINAND D. ANGKAHAN, Ph.D. Checked by: SDO Reviewer

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