Equilibrium Constant

Equilibrium Constant
- Practice Problems for Assignment 5

1. Consider the following reaction
2SO2 (g)+O2 (g) 2SO3 (g)
Write the equilibrium expression, Kc.
CaCO3 (s) CaO (s) + O2 (g) Write the equilibrium expression, Kc.
2SO2 (g)+O2 (g) 2SO3 (g)
Write the equilibrium expression, Kp.
H2O(g)+C(s) H2 (g)+CO(g) Write the equilibrium expression, Kp.
5. Consider the decomposition of nitrous oxide, laughing gas,
2N2O (g) 2 N2 (g) + O2 (g)
o 34 At 25 C, Kc is 7.3 x 10 .
(a) Based on the information given, what can you say about the rate of decomposition of
the reaction?
(b) Based on the information given, does nitrous oxide have a tendency to decompose
into nitrogen and oxygen?
o
(c) What is the value of Kp for the reaction at 25 C?
CO2 (g)+H2 (g) CO(g)+H2O(g)
Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant, Kc , for the above system, if 0.1908 moles
of CO2, 0.0908 moles of H2, 0.0092 moles of CO, and 0.0092 moles of H2O vapour were
present in a 2.00 L reaction vessel at equilibrium.

C2H4 (g) + H2 (g) C2H6 (g) Kc = 0.99
What is the concentration for each substance at equilibrium if the initial concentration of
ethene, C2H4 (g) , is 0.335 M and that of hydrogen is 0.526 M?
2NO(g)+2H2 (g) N2 (g)+2H2O(g)
Determine the value of the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the reaction. Initially, a mixture
of 0.100 M NO, 0.050 M H2, 0.100 M H2O was allowed to reach equilibrium (initially
there was no N2). At equilibrium the concentration of NO was found to be 0.062 M.
9. Consider the following reaction N2O4 (g) 2 NO2 (g)
A reaction flask is charged with 3.00 atm of dinitrogen tetroxide gas and 2.00 atm of
o
nitrogen dioxide gas. At 25 C, the gases are allowed to reach equilibrium. The pressure
of the nitrogen dioxide was found to have decreased by 0.952 atm. Estimate the value of
Kp for this system.
–
10. Consider the following reaction. The initial concentrations are [HSO ] = 0.50 M,
+ 2–
[H3O ] = 0.020 M, [SO4 ] = 0.060 M.
– + 2–
HSO (aq)+H O(l) H O (aq)+SO (aq) K=0.012 4234
(a) Which way would the reaction shift to reach equilibrium?
(b) What are the equilibrium concentrations of the products and reactants.
4
Answers:
1. K = [SO3]2
c
2
[SO2 ] [O2 ]
2. Kc =[O2]
SO3
3. Kp =
4. Kp = 2
5. (a) Based on the information given, you cannot predict the rate of decomposition of
nitrous oxide.
(b) From the value of the Keq, nitrous oxide has a strong tendency to decompose into
nitrogen and oxygen.
36
(c) Kp = 1.8 x 10
6. [CO2] = 0.1908 mol CO2/2.00 L = 0.0954 M [H2] = 0.0454 M
[CO] = 0.0046 M
[H2O] = 0.0046 M
(0.0046)(0.0046)
= 0.0049 or 4.9 x 10 (0.0954)(0.0454)
-3
K=
7. K =
C2H4 H2 C2H6 [I] 0.335 0.526 0
[C] -x -x +x [E] 0.335 -x 0.526 -x +x
x
= 0.0995 or 1.77* (0.335 - x)(0.526 - x)
* x=1.77 is not possible because the concentration of C2H4 will result in a negative value.
[C2H4] = 0.236 M
[H2] = 0.526 – x = 0.526 – 0.0995 = 0.427 M [C2H6] = 0.0995 M
8.[I] [C] [E]
NO H2 N2 H2O 0.100 0.0500 0 0.100 -2x -2x +x +2x
0.062
Therefore, substitute for x and calculate [E] for each species:
NO H2 N2 H2O [I] 0.100 0.0500 0 0.100 [
C] - 0.038 - 0.038 +0.019 +0.038 [E] 0.062 0.012 0.019 0.138
K= [I] [C] [E]
(0.019)(0.138)2 2
9.
2 (0.062) (0.012)
2
=6.5x10
N2O4 3.00 +x
NO2
2.00
-2x = - 0.952
Therefore, substitute for x and calculate [E] for each species:
N2O4 NO2 [I] 3.00 2.00
[C] +0.476 -0.952 [E] 3.476 1.048
(1.048)2 (3.476)
K=
= 0.316
10. (a) Use the trial Keq , Q, to determine the reaction direction. (0.020)(0.060)
Q= = 0.0024
(b)
+ 2–
H O SO 434
(0.50)
Q < Keq , therefore, equilibrium will shift to the right to produce more products.
–
HSO
[I] 0.50 0.020 0.060 [C] -x +x +x
[E] 0.50 -x (0.020+x)(0.060+x)
K=
(0.050 - x)
To solve, need to use the quadratic equation
x = 0.0372 or –0.129 *
For x = 0.0372,
0.020+x 0.060+x
*
– + 2–
[HSO ]=0.46M;[H O ]=0.057M;[SO ]=0.097M 434
For x = -0.129,
– + 2–
[HSO ]=0.63M;[H O ]=-0.109M;[SO ]=-0.069M 434
it yields negative concentrations.
Therefore, the correct equilibrium concentrations are:
– + 2–
[HSO ]=0.46M;[H O ]=0.057M;[SO ]=0.097M

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- Practice Problems for Assignment 5

7. Consider the following reaction

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