DP1 practice 2 [75 marks]

1. A sector of a circle with radius r cm , where r > 0, is shown on the [4 marks]
following diagram.
The sector has an angle of 1 radian at the centre.

Let the area of the sector be A cm2 and the perimeter be P  cm. Given that A = P,
find the value of r.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
A=P
use of the correct formula for area and arc length (M1)
perimeter is rθ + 2r (A1)
Note: A1 independent of previous M1.
1 2
2 r (1) = r (1) + 2r A1

r2 − 6r = 0
r = 6 (as r > 0) A1
Note: Do not award final A1 if r = 0 is included.
[4 marks]

= ′( )
 The graph of y = f ′ (x), 0 ≤ x ≤ 5 is shown in the following diagram. The curve
intercepts the x-axis at (1, 0) and (4, 0) and has a local minimum at (3, −1).

2a. Write down the x-coordinate of the point of inflexion on the graph of [1 mark]
y = f (x).

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
3 A1
[1 mark]

The shaded area enclosed by the curve y = f ′ (x), the x-axis and the y-axis is
0.5. Given that f (0) = 3,

2b. find the value of f (1). [3 marks]

 Markscheme
attempt to use definite integral of f ′ (x) (M1)
1
∫0 f ′ (x) dx = 0.5
f (1) − f (0) = 0.5 (A1)
f (1) = 0.5 + 3
= 3.5 A1
[3 marks]

The area enclosed by the curve y = f ′ (x) and the x-axis between x = 1 and
x = 4 is 2.5 .

2c. find the value of f (4). [2 marks]

Markscheme
4
∫1 f ′ (x) dx = −2.5 (A1)
Note: (A1) is for −2.5.
f (4) − f (1) = −2.5
f (4) = 3.5 − 2.5
=1 A1
[2 marks]

2d. Sketch the curve y = f (x), 0 ≤ x ≤ 5 indicating clearly the coordinates [3 marks]
of the maximum and minimum points and any intercepts with the coordinate
axes.
 Markscheme

A1A1A1

A1 for correct shape over approximately the correct domain

A1 for maximum and minimum (coordinates or horizontal lines from 3.5 and 1
are required),
A1 for y-intercept at 3
[3 marks]

A right circular cone of radius r is inscribed in a sphere with centre O and radius
R as shown in the following diagram. The perpendicular height of the cone is h, X
denotes the centre of its base and B a point where the cone touches the sphere.

3a. Show that the volume of the cone may be expressed by [4 marks]
V = π3 (2Rh2 − h3 ).
 Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
attempt to use Pythagoras in triangle OXB M1
⇒ r2 = R2 − (h − R)2 A1
πr2h
substitution of their r2 into formula for volume of cone V = 3
M1

= πh
3
(R2 − (h − R)2 )

= πh
3
(R2 − (h2 + R2 − 2hR)) A1
Note: This A mark is independent and may be seen anywhere for the
2
correct expansion of (h − R) .

= πh
3
(2hR − h2 )
= π
3
(2Rh2 − h3 ) AG
[4 marks]

3b. Given that there is one inscribed cone having a maximum volume, show [4 marks]
32πR 3
that the volume of this cone is 81 .
 Markscheme
at max, dV
dh
=0 R1
dV = π
(4Rh − 3h2 )
dh 3
⇒ 4Rh = 3h2
4R
⇒h= 3
(since h ≠ 0) A1
EITHER
Vmax = π
3
(2Rh2 − h3 ) from part (a)

= π
3
(2R( 4R 2
3
) − ( 3
) ) A1
4R 3

(2R 16R 2
− ( 64R ))
3
π
= 3 9 27
A1

OR
2
r2 = R2 − ( 4R
3
− R)
R2 8R 2
r2 = R2 − 9
= 9
A1
πr2 4R
⇒ Vmax = 3
( 3 )

= 9
( 9 )
4πR 8R 2
A1

THEN
32πR 3
= 81
AG
[4 marks]

The geometric sequence u1, u2, u3, … has common ratio r.

Consider the sequence A = {an = log2 |un | : n ∈ Z+ }.

4a. Show that A is an arithmetic sequence, stating its common difference d [4 marks]
in terms of r.
 Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
METHOD 1
state that un = u1 rn−1 (or equivalent) A1
attempt to consider a n and use of at least one log rule M1
log2 |un | = log2 |u1 | + (n − 1) log2 |r| A1
(which is an AP) with d = log2 |r| (and 1st term log2 |u1 |) A1
so A is an arithmetic sequence AG
Note: Condone absence of modulus signs.
Note: The final A mark may be awarded independently.
Note: Consideration of the first two or three terms only will score M0.
[4 marks]

METHOD 2
consideration of (d =) a n+1 − an M1
(d) = log2 |un+1 | − log2 |un |
(d) = log2 ∣∣ uun+1
n
∣∣ M1

(d) = log2 |r| A1

which is constant R1
Note: Condone absence of modulus signs.
Note: The final A mark may be awarded independently.
Note: Consideration of the first two or three terms only will score M0.

4b. A particular geometric sequence has u1 = 3 and a sum to infinity of 4. [3 marks]

Find the value of d.
 Markscheme
3
attempting to solve 1−
r
=4 M1
1
r= 4
A1
d = −2 A1
[3 marks]

It is known that the number of fish in a given lake will decrease by 7% each year
unless some new fish are added. At the end of each year, 250 new fish are added
to the lake.
At the start of 2018, there are 2500 fish in the lake.

5a. Show that there will be approximately 2645 fish in the lake at the start [3 marks]
of 2020.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
EITHER
2019: 2500 × 0.93 + 250 = 2575 (M1)A1
2020: 2575 × 0.93 + 250 M1
OR
2020: 2500 × 0.932 + 250(0.93 + 1) M1M1A1
Note: Award M1 for starting with 2500, M1 for multiplying by 0.93 and
adding 250 twice. A1 for correct expression. Can be shown in recursive form.
THEN
(= 2644.75) = 2645 AG
[3 marks]

5b. Find the approximate number of fish in the lake at the start of 2042. [5 marks]
 Markscheme
2020: 2500 × 0.932 + 250(0.93 + 1)
2042: 2500 × 0.9324 + 250(0.9323 + 0.9322 + … + 1) (M1)(A1)
(0.9324−1)
= 2500 × 0.9324 + 250 (0.93−1)
(M1)(A1)

=3384 A1
Note: If recursive formula used, award M1 for un = 0.93 un−1 and u0 or
u1 seen (can be awarded if seen in part (a)). Then award M1A1 for attempt to
find u24 or u25 respectively (different term if other than 2500 used) (M1A0 if
incorrect term is being found) and A2 for correct answer.
Note: Accept all answers that round to 3380.
[5 marks]

Consider the following diagram.

The sides of the equilateral triangle ABC have lengths 1 m. The midpoint of [AB] is
denoted by P. The circular arc AB has centre, M, the midpoint of [CP].

6a. Find AM. [3 marks]

 Markscheme
METHOD 1
√3
PC = 2 or 0.8660 (M1)
√3
PM = 12 PC = 4
or 0.4330 (A1)

AM = √ 14 + 3
16
√7
= 4
or 0.661 (m) A1

METHOD 2
using the cosine rule
√3 2
= 12 + ( )
√3
AM2 4
−2× 4
× cos (30∘ ) M1A1

√7
AM = 4
or 0.661 (m) A1
[3 marks]

6b. Find the area of the shaded region. [3 marks]

Markscheme
EITHER

(2 − sin (2 A M P))
∧ ∧
1 2
2 AM A M P (M1)A1

OR
∧ √3
1 2
2 AM × 2 A M P− = 8
(M1)A1
= 0.158(m2) A1
Note: Award M1 for attempting to calculate area of a sector minus area of a
triangle.
[3 marks]

−1
 A point P moves in a straight line with velocity v ms−1 given by
v (t) = e−t − 8t2 e−2t at time t seconds, where t ≥ 0.

7a. Determine the first time t1 at which P has zero velocity. [2 marks]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
attempt to solve v (t) = 0 for t or equivalent (M1)
t1 = 0.441(s) A1
[2 marks]

7b. Find an expression for the acceleration of P at time t. [2 marks]

Markscheme
a (t) = dv = −e−t − 16te−2t + 16t2 e−2t M1A1
dt
Note: Award M1 for attempting to differentiate using the product rule.
[2 marks]

7c. Find the value of the acceleration of P at time t1. [1 mark]

Markscheme
a (t1 ) = −2.28 (ms−2) A1
[1 mark]

Phil takes out a bank loan of $150 000 to buy a house, at an annual interest rate
of 3.5%. The interest is calculated at the end of each year and added to the
amount outstanding.

8a. Find the amount Phil would owe the bank after 20 years. Give your [3 marks]
answer to the nearest dollar.
 Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
150000 × 1.03520 (M1)(A1)
= $298468 A1

Note: Only accept answers to the nearest dollar. Accept $298469.

[3 marks]

To pay off the loan, Phil makes annual deposits of $P at the end of every year in a
savings account, paying an annual interest rate of 2% . He makes his first deposit
at the end of the first year after taking out the loan.

8b. (1.0220−1)P [3 marks]

Show that the total value of Phil’s savings after 20 years is .
(1.02−1)

Markscheme
attempt to look for a pattern by considering 1 year, 2 years etc (M1)
recognising a geometric series with first term P and common ratio 1.02
(M1)
EITHER
P + 1.02P + … + 1.0219 P (= P (1 + 1.02 + … + 1.0219 )) A1
OR
explicitly identify u1 = P , r = 1.02 and n = 20 (may be seen as S20 ). A1
THEN
(1.0220−1)P
s20 = (1.02−1)
AG

[3 marks]

8c. Given that Phil’s aim is to own the house after 20 years, find the value [3 marks]
for P to the nearest dollar.
 Markscheme
24.297 … P = 298468 (M1)(A1)
P = 12284 A1

Note: Accept answers which round to 12284.

[3 marks]

David visits a different bank and makes a single deposit of $Q , the annual interest
rate being 2.8%.

8d. David wishes to withdraw $5000 at the end of each year for a period of n[3 marks]
years. Show that an expression for the minimum value of Q is
5000 5000 5000
1.028
+ +…+ .
1.0282 1.028n

Markscheme
METHOD 1
Q(1.028n ) = 5000(1 + 1.028 + 1.0282 + 1.0283 + … + 1.028n−1 ) M1A1
5000(1+1.028+1.0282+1.0283+...+1.028n−1)
Q= 1.028n
A1
5000 5000 5000
= 1.028
+ +…+ AG
1.0282 1.028n

METHOD 2
5000
the initial value of the first withdrawal is 1.028 A1

the initial value of the second withdrawal is 50002 R1

1.028
5000 5000
the investment required for these two withdrawals is 1.028 + R1
1.0282
5000 5000 5000
Q= 1.028
+ +…+ AG
1.0282 1.028n

[3 Marks]
8e. Hence or otherwise, find the minimum value of Q that would permit [3 marks]
David to withdraw annual amounts of $5000 indefinitely. Give your answer to the
nearest dollar.

Markscheme
5000
1.028
sum to infinity is 1 (M1)(A1)
1− 1.028

= 178571.428 …
so minimum amount is $178572 A1

Note: Accept answers which round to $178571 or $178572.

[3 Marks]

The region A is enclosed by the graph of y = 2 arcsin(x − 1) − π4 , the y-axis and

the line y = π4 .

9a. Write down a definite integral to represent the area of A. [4 marks]

 Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
METHOD 1
π π
2 arcsin(x − 1) − 4
= 4
(M1)
1
x= 1+ (= 1.707 …) (A1)
√2
1
1+ √2
∫
π
0
4
− (2 arcsin(x − 1) − π4 ) dx M1A1

Note: Award M1 for an attempt to find the difference between two

functions, A1 for all correct.

METHOD 2
−5π
when x = 0, y = 4
(= −3.93) A1

)
4y+π
x = 1 + sin( 8
M1A1

Note: Award M1 for an attempt to find the inverse function.

∫ −54 π (1 + sin( )) dy
π
4y+π
8
A1
4

METHOD 3
1.71... 1.71...

1.38...
∫ ∫
π π
∫0 (2 arcsin(x − 1) − 4
) dx |+ 0
4
dx − 1.38... (2 arcsin(x − 1) − π4 ) dx
M1A1A1A1

Note: Award M1 for considering the area below the x-axis and above the x-
axis and A1 for each correct integral.

[4 marks]

9b. Calculate the area of A. [2 marks]

 Markscheme
area = 3.30 (square units) A2
[2 marks]

A water trough which is 10 metres long has a uniform cross-section in the shape
of a semicircle with radius 0.5 metres. It is partly filled with water as shown in the
following diagram of the cross-section. The centre of the circle is O and the angle
KOL is θ radians.

10a. Find an expression for the volume of water V (m3 ) in the trough in [3 marks]
terms of θ.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
area of segment = 12 × 0.52 × (θ − sin θ) M1A1
V = area of segment × 10
V = 54 (θ − sin θ) A1
[3 marks]

The volume of water is increasing at a constant rate of 0.0008m 3 s−1 .

10b. Calculate dθ when θ = π . [4 marks]

dt 3
 Markscheme
METHOD 1
dV
dt
= 54 (1 − cos θ) ddθt M1A1

0.0008 = 54 (1 − cos π3 ) ddθt (M1)

dθ = 0.00128 (rad s−1 ) A1
dt
METHOD 2
dθ = dθ × dV (M1)
dt dV dt
dV
dθ
= 54 (1 − cos θ) A1
dθ 4×0.0008
dt
= (M1)
5(1−cos π3 )

dθ 4
dt
= 0.00128 ( 3125 ) (rad s−1 ) A1
[4 marks]

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