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    BRUNELLESCHI and Reinvention of Linear Perspective

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    Anqa Parvez
    Filippo Brunelleschi was an Italian architect and engineer born in 1377 in Florence. He is considered one of the most important figures of the Renaissance due to his accomplishments. Brunelleschi rediscovered the principles of linear perspective and used it to design the dome of Florence Cathedral, an impressive engineering feat. He also invented machinery to help construct the dome and left his mark on other architectural works in Florence. Brunelleschi is renowned for being the first person to systematize the practice of linear perspective in art.

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    BRUNELLESCHI and Reinvention of Linear Perspective

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    Anqa Parvez
    91 views3 pages
    Filippo Brunelleschi was an Italian architect and engineer born in 1377 in Florence. He is considered one of the most important figures of the Renaissance due to his accomplishments. Brunelleschi rediscovered the principles of linear perspective and used it to design the dome of Florence Cathedral, an impressive engineering feat. He also invented machinery to help construct the dome and left his mark on other architectural works in Florence. Brunelleschi is renowned for being the first person to systematize the practice of linear perspective in art.

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    BRUNELLESCHI: INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE THE REINVENTION OF LINEAR PERSPECTIVE

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    Filippo Brunelleschi was an Italian architect and engineer born in 1377 in Florence. He is considered one of the most important figures of the Renaissance due to his accomplishments. Brunelleschi rediscovered the principles of linear perspective and used it to design the dome of Florence Cathedral, an impressive engineering feat. He also invented machinery to help construct the dome and left his mark on other architectural works in Florence. Brunelleschi is renowned for being the first person to systematize the practice of linear perspective in art.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    91 views3 pages

    BRUNELLESCHI and Reinvention of Linear Perspective

    Uploaded by

    Anqa Parvez
    Filippo Brunelleschi was an Italian architect and engineer born in 1377 in Florence. He is considered one of the most important figures of the Renaissance due to his accomplishments. Brunelleschi rediscovered the principles of linear perspective and used it to design the dome of Florence Cathedral, an impressive engineering feat. He also invented machinery to help construct the dome and left his mark on other architectural works in Florence. Brunelleschi is renowned for being the first person to systematize the practice of linear perspective in art.

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    BRUNELLESCHI: INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE

    Filippo Brunelleschi, born in 1377 in Florence, Italy was initially trained as a


    goldsmith and sculptor, later on looked up on architecture as an art of form and
    construction that will finally lead to a new concept of beauty based on the
    human
    proportion as a reflection of the divine ratio.
    He left to Rome from Florence after losing the bronze door competition for
    Florence baptistery. In Rome, he studied the ancient city and forum.

    ‘Sacrifice of Issac’ by Brunelleschi

    Brunelleschi is considered as one of the most important character of the


    Renaissance, because of his accomplishments and works:
    ▪ While still in the early phase of his architectural career, Brunelleschi
    rediscovered the principles of linear perspective.
    ▪ Brunelleschi’s most famous masterpiece is the dome he designed for
    Florence cathedral, an engineering feat of such difficulty (due to the
    dome’s size).
    ▪ He invented machines (three-speed hoist with an intricate system of
    gears, pulleys and driveshafts powered by a single yoke of oxen turning
    a wooden tiller and the castello a 65 foot tall crane with a series of
    counterweights), to lift heavy materials for the construction of Florence
    dome.
    ▪ His other principal works include :
    o Ospedale degli Innocenti (Hospital of the innocents)
    o The Basilica of San lorenzo
    o Meeting hall of the Pallazo di Parte Guelfa
    o The church of Santo Spirito
    o Pazzi Chapel
    o Santa Maria degli Angeli etc.

    ▪ Brunelleschi also stretched to math, engineering and study of ancient


    memorials. He developed hydraulic equipment and extravagant
    clockwork, none of which unfortunately survived.
    ▪ He also designed defenses used by Florence in its military against Pisa
    and Siena.
    ▪ He was also temporarily active in ship making. In 1427, he constructed
    a huge ship called II Badalone.
    THE REINVENTION OF LINEAR PERSPECTIVE:
    Early, basic ideas of perception were recognized to ancient Greeks and Romans,
    however were lost in the middle ages. Initially Filippo Brunelleschi revived the
    values of linear viewpoint.
    Brunelleschi stood inside the main doors of cathedral of Florence while looking
    at the Baptistery when he showed his first perspective experiment. His
    experiment demonstrated that linear view point could produce incredibly a very
    realistic illusion of three dimensional space on a two dimensional surface.
    Brunelleschi created a perspectively accurate image of baptistery and what
    surrounded it, so he develops a system with a few essential basics and through
    these elements, it is able to construct accurate scientifically, one point viewpoint.
    They contained a vanishing point, which is at the horizon line, as well as a series of
    orthogonal or illusionistic receding diagonals.

    In his experiment, Brunelleschi painted the image of baptistery with linear view point
    and made a small hole in the centre. He took the small drawing and inserted a small
    handle on it and held it in front of his face but facing away from him. Then he took
    a mirror and held it in back of that. The painting had a small hole to see through
    straight to the vanishing points. Holding the mirror an arm’s length, and if he pulled
    the mirror away he can see the actual baptistery and bring the mirror back to see
    the drawing, move the mirror away to see the actual baptistery, and see those linear
    well organize.
    Brunelleschi's studies on perspective were amplified by further studies of the topic
    by Leon Battista Alberti, Piero della Francesca and Leonardo di Vinci. Following the
    rules of perspective studied by Brunelleschi and the others, artists could paint
    imaginary landscapes and scenes with a perfectly accurate three-dimensional
    perspective and realism. The most important treatise on a painting of the
    Renaissance, Della Pitturalibritre by Alberti, with a description of Brunelleschi's
    experiment, was published in 1436 and was dedicated to Brunelleschi.
    The painting The Holy Trinity by Masaccio in the Santa Maria Novella, Florence,
    was a good example of the new style, which accurately created the illusion of three
    dimensions and also recreated, in painting, Brunelleschi's architectural style.

    The Holy Trinity by Masscio

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