Panels Under Non-Uniform Irradiation
Panels Under Non-Uniform Irradiation
Panels Under Non-Uniform Irradiation
8. Department: EE
Sex (M/F): M
Fax:
15. Department: EE
8
18. Date of Birth: 08/07/1992
Sex (M/F): F
University
In recent years, the renewable energy has been considered as one of principal
source for electric power generation. However. Renewable energy sources like wind,
solar PV, biomass and fuel cells are obtaining predominant importance, renewable
energy reduce pollution and also they serve as a back of contention in the field of
energy. Compared to the traditional energy resources, the solar energy has been
considered as one of principal renewable energy sources for electric power
generation ,photovoltaic (PV) in the form of the solar energy to produce electricity is
the best example of the renewable energies with the great potential increasing its
position in energy in comparison of other forms of renewable energy resources. Such
systems can be used individually or with utility grid. However, the PV system
suffered with the disadvantages of poor weather conditions. That’s why solar panels
suffered with the non-polar characteristics, having different maximum power point
(MPP),which depends on the environmental factors, such as temperature and
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irradiation/isolation. In order to potentially capture maximum power form solar
energy, they have to operate at their MPP despite the unconditionally change in the
environment
In the proposed work the comparison analysis has been done between SP and TCT
connection of PV panel .The practical comparison has been done on the basis of
graphical representation of voltage, current and power. The experiment is carried out for
PV array connected with the voltmeter, ammeter and rheostat as a load of 500 ohm. The
results is investigated on increase of current and decrease of voltage with the step by step
increase of load, there are two well suited condition developed for the experiment i.e
sunny and shaded to develop the sunny cases we use solar lamp of 500 W each. Further
in experiment purpose we uses both the cases for individual connection of SP and TCT.
Although under sunny cases the graphical representation of V-I and P-V is same for SP
and TCT connection but it varies under shading case. The solar panel used for experiment
is of 2x2 array and each panel is of 20 watt,12 volt
22.1. Introduction:
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tool referred to as “burning mirrors.” Chinese civilization documented
the use of mirrors for the same purpose later in 20 A.D.
Another early use for solar energy that is still popular today was the
concept of “sunrooms” in buildings. These sunrooms used massive
windows to direct sunlight into one concentrated area. Some of the
iconic Roman bathhouses, typically those situated on the south-facing
side of buildings, were sunrooms. Later in the 1200s A.D., ancestors to
the Pueblo Native Americans known as the Anasazi situated
themselves in south-facing abodes on cliffs to capture the sun’s warmth
during cold winter months.
In the late 1700s and 1800s, researchers and scientists had success
using sunlight to power ovens for long voyages. They also harnessed
the power of the sun to produce solar-powered steamboats. Ultimately,
it’s clear that even thousands of years before the era of solar panels, the
concept of manipulating the power of the sun was a common practice
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Fritts actually produced the first solar cells made from selenium
wafers – the reason some historians credit Fritts with the actual
invention of solar cells.
However, solar cells as we know them today are made with silicon, not
selenium. Therefore, some consider the true invention of solar panels to
be tied to Daryl Chapin, Calvin Fuller, and Gerald Pearson’s creation
of the silicon photovoltaic (PV) cell at Bell Labs in 1954. Many argue
that this event marks the true invention of PV technology because it
was the first instance of a solar technology that could actually power an
electric device for several hours of a day. The first ever silicon solar
cell could convert sunlight at four percent efficiency, less than a quarter
of what modern cells are capable of.
22.1.3. Objective:
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As to mark the end of the work, the experimental result analysis concluded that in
case of sunny days the effects of SP and TCT connection of solar panel is almost
same but in partial shading cases TCT is better than SP connection..
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expanding commitment of sunlight based vitality to the inexhaustible energy.Partial
concealing of the PV clusters is one of the most talked about and worked upon idea for
the straightforward reasons that it diminishes the force yield of the PV exhibit
establishment sand displays various tops in the I–V characteristics As a result,the module
shave to be reconfigured to get the most extreme force output.This papers presents a
streamlining based methodology for Tota lcross tied (TCT) associated modules in a PV
array.
Anurag singh & R.K Pchauri school of engineering Gautam Buddh University
studied about comprehensive investigation of PV array under different shading
pattern and suggested that [11] an endeavor to research the exhibition evaluation of
existing and some proposed sun powered photovoltaic (PV) array setups. In light of the
MATLAB/Simulink model of single diode sun powered cell, execution of PV array
setups such as total cross tied (TCT), hybrid SP-TCT and Su-Do-Ku puzzle design based
arrangements is evaluated. The presentation of every one of these designs has been broke
down utilizing P-V attributes, power at global maximum power point (GMPP) and
concealing dispersion impact on maximum power point (MPP) for different concealing
examples to be specific example 1, 2 and 3 Broad reenactments are completed on these
designs for these concealing examples
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22.2.3. Novelty Importance of the proposed project in the
context of current status:
The sun provides more than enough energy to meet the whole world’s
energy needs, and unlike fossil fuels, it won’t run out anytime soon. As a
renewable energy source, the only limitation of solar power is our ability
to turn it into electricity in an efficient and cost-effective way. No
greenhouse gas emissions are released into the atmosphere when you use
solar panels to create electricity. And because the sun provides more
energy than we’ll ever need, electricity from solar power is a very
important energy source in the move to clean energy production. After
solar panels have been installed, operational costs are quite low compared
to other forms of power generation. Fuel isn’t required, and this means
that solar power can create large amounts of electricity without the
The beneficiaries of the Solar Guidelines platform shall be, Solar power project
developers; Policy makers including Government and Regulatory Commissions;
Banks and Financial Institutions; Solar Module Manufacturers; Electricity
Distribution Licensee; Solar Association & Educational Institutions
- To develop larger Array of the solar panels and using more electrical
configuration including puzzle system.
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- Satisfactory performance and good results.
Solar energy technologies offer a clean, renewable, and domestic energy source,
and are essential components of a sustainable energy future. Solar energy systems
(i.e., photovoltaics, solar thermal) provide significant environmental benefits in
comparison to the conventional energy sources. It is known that these systems have
some minor negative impacts on the environment during their production and
operation. This study presents an overview of some positive impacts of the solar
energy systems and negative impacts covered by environmental impact assessment.
29.1. Methodology:
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An array of 4 solar modules organized in the parallel and series
configuration with 2
parallel modules in every one of the 2 series lines has been utilized.
Every module has 2 parallel cells in every one of the 2 series columns.
In first case series –parallel configuration the 3 panel is fully shaded
that means 0% illumination over them but one panel is free to 100%
illumination .This is shown in figure below, All the modules are
protected internally with bypass diodes across each row in Figure .
arrays are incorporated with modules having the same illumination and
shading level as described above and P-V and I-V curves are plotted
I1 I2 I1 I2
V1 11 12 V1 11 12
Varray V1 V2 Varray V1 V2
V2 21 22 V2 21 22
0.8 20
SP
TCT
0.6 15
Current (A)
Power (W)
0.4 10
0.2 5
SP
TCT
0 0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Voltage (V) Voltage (V)
Fig ; 5.2 Grpahical representation of I-V and P-V curve without shading
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Table ; 5.1 Variation of various parameters between the configuration under
no
configurat SP TCT
ion
Voc 37.7 38.1
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0.8 SP
15
SP
TCT
TCT
0.6
10
Current (A)
Power (W)
0.4
5
0.2
0
0 10 20 30 40 0
0 10 20 30 40
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)
configuratio SP TCT
n
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5.4 DISCUSSION
0.7 20
SP
TCT
0.6
SP
TCT
0.5 15
POWER(P)
Current(I)
0.4
10
0.3
0.2
5
0.1
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Voltage(V)
VOLTAGE(V)
In shading condition when one panel is shaded the rest three panels of
array of 2x2 size remain shadeless and free to absorb irradiation .In this
case the response of the shaded panel towards the generation of current
decreases which is shown with the peak in I-V and P-V curve.
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S S 75 266
I R1 Im Im Im Im 0.341Im
SSTC SSTC 1000 1000
266 266
IR 2 I
m I
m 0.532 I m
1000 1000
0.8
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SP
0.7 TCT
12
0.6
10
0.5
Current(I)
Power(P)
8
0.4
6
0.3
0.2 4
0.1 2
0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Voltage(V) Voltage(V)
Similarly when three panel are shaded and one panel remain shaded
less that means the single panel remains to absorb the solar irradiation
which reduces the current to the below level and hence the power
generation also decreases .
S S 75 75
I R1 Im Im Im I m 0.15 I m
SSTC SSTC 1000 1000
266 266
IR 2 I
m I
m 0.532 I m
1000 10 00
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0.4 7
SP
TCT SP
0.35 6 TCT
0.3 5
Current(I)
Power(P)
0.25 4
0.2 3
0.15 2
0.1 1
0.05 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Voltage(V) Voltage(V)
From the above cases studied, we observe that the without shading
condition shows uniform result in SP and TCT connection because the
solar irradiation is uniform over the array hence the ouput power and
current has uniform curve.
With the graphical representation of the array we can find out the
following error that is
Fill factor = Vm X Im 3
Voc X Isc
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Therefore in case of shade les condition FF is given by
For SP
37.7 X 0.61
For TCT
38.1 X 0.63
For SP
FF = Vm X Im
Voc X Isc
38.5 X 0.67
For TCT
39.56 X 0.71
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For TCT Ml Power = 6.57-6.55 = 0.02
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29.4. Do the physical and financial targets match with each
other
29.5. Suggested plan of action for utilization of research
outcome expected from the project.
30.1 Expected Output:
(in
n Item BUDGET
Rupees)
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n 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year Total
A. Recurring n n
n 1.Salaries/wages
n 2. Consumables 10,000 20,000 NA
n 3. Travel 10,000 5,000 NA
1112110,000211111
n 4. Other costs NA
2
B. Equipment 1,20,000 25,000 NA
Total (A+B)
Institute
C. Overheads nil
Charges (20%)
Grand total
n (A+B+C) 1,50,000 2 lacs
Total FEC*
N.B. Entries here should match with those given justification for each item
is to be given
(in
N N BUDGET
Rupees)
Designation
1st 2nd Year 3rd Year Total
& number Monthly
Year(m.m.*) (m.m.) (m.m.) (m.m.)
of persons Emoluments
ONE JRF
ONE JRF
N
Total N
*m.m. man months to be given within brackets before the budget amount
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35. BUDGET FOR CONSUMABLE MATERIALS
N N (in Rupees)
BUDGET
N N 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year Total
Travel
(Only
N
inland
travel)
(in
n N
BUDGET Rupees)
n N 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year Total
Other
N
costs/Contingency/
Consultancy
Total
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41. BUDGET FOR EQUIPMENT
45. List of facilities being extended by parent institution(s) for the project
implementation.
A) Infrastructural Facilities:
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B. Equipment available with the Institute/ Group/ Department/ Other
Institutes for the project:
Remarks
including
Equipment Generic Name of Model, Make & accessories
available with Equipment year of purchase available and
current usage of
equipment
PI & his group
Other Inst In the
region
Investigator
Sandeep Rawat
Uttaranchal University
D.O.B- 30/jun/1990
RESEARCH PAPERS
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Experimental study of solar PV array configuration under non uniform solar irradiation.
( yet to be
published)
Experimental study of solar PV array Configuration under to find out GMPP under PSC’s
Development of IoT based data acquisition system for real time monitoring of solar PV
system,
book chapter published in ASCESA 2020.
Co- investigator
Reetu Naudiyal
Uttaranchal University
D.O.B- 08-July-1992
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