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    Problem On Steam Nozzle (23.06.2020)

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    Dr. BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
    This document discusses two problems involving the expansion of steam through convergent nozzles. Problem 1 examines dry saturated steam at 5 bar expanding through a nozzle to 1 bar with a dryness fraction of 0.94. Using steam tables and the velocity formula, the velocity is calculated as 644.33 m/s. Problem 2 looks at dry saturated steam at 15 bar expanding through a nozzle to 1.5 bar. Here, the final velocity is found to be 903.54 m/s using both steam tables and a Mollier chart.

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    Problem On Steam Nozzle (23.06.2020)

    Uploaded by

    Dr. BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
    3K views46 pages
    This document discusses two problems involving the expansion of steam through convergent nozzles. Problem 1 examines dry saturated steam at 5 bar expanding through a nozzle to 1 bar with a dryness fraction of 0.94. Using steam tables and the velocity formula, the velocity is calculated as 644.33 m/s. Problem 2 looks at dry saturated steam at 15 bar expanding through a nozzle to 1.5 bar. Here, the final velocity is found to be 903.54 m/s using both steam tables and a Mollier chart.

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    04. Problem on Steam Nozzle (23.06.2020)

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    This document discusses two problems involving the expansion of steam through convergent nozzles. Problem 1 examines dry saturated steam at 5 bar expanding through a nozzle to 1 bar with a dryness fraction of 0.94. Using steam tables and the velocity formula, the velocity is calculated as 644.33 m/s. Problem 2 looks at dry saturated steam at 15 bar expanding through a nozzle to 1.5 bar. Here, the final velocity is found to be 903.54 m/s using both steam tables and a Mollier chart.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3K views46 pages

    Problem On Steam Nozzle (23.06.2020)

    Uploaded by

    Dr. BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
    This document discusses two problems involving the expansion of steam through convergent nozzles. Problem 1 examines dry saturated steam at 5 bar expanding through a nozzle to 1 bar with a dryness fraction of 0.94. Using steam tables and the velocity formula, the velocity is calculated as 644.33 m/s. Problem 2 looks at dry saturated steam at 15 bar expanding through a nozzle to 1.5 bar. Here, the final velocity is found to be 903.54 m/s using both steam tables and a Mollier chart.

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    PROBLEMS

    ON
    STEAM NOZZLES

    LECTURE - 4
    BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
    &
    S. GOPINATH
    PROBLEM 01
    STEAM TABLES
    METHOD
    PROBLEM 01:
    Dry saturated steam at 5 bar with negligible velocity expands in a
    convergent nozzle to 1 bar and dryness fraction 0.94. Determine the
    velocity of steam leaving the nozzle.
    Given Data:
    @ state 1; Dry saturated; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐂𝟏 = 𝟎
    1 2
    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐱 𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟒: wet

    To find:

    Velocity of steam leaving the nozzle ( 𝐂𝟐 ) =?


    Formula
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle

    𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 + 𝐂𝟏 𝟐
    𝐂𝟏 = 𝟎
    𝑪𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎(𝒉𝟏 − 𝒉𝟐 )
    Where,
    ℎ1 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    ℎ2 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    Solution:
    @ state 1; Dry saturated; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫

    𝒉𝟏 = 𝒉𝒈𝟏

    𝒉𝟏 = 𝒉𝒈𝟏 = 𝟐𝟕𝟒𝟕. 𝟓 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈


    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐱 𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟒: wet
    h= ℎ𝑓 + x . ℎ𝑓𝑔 ℎ2 = ℎ𝑓2 + 𝑥2 . ℎ𝑓𝑔2

    𝒉𝒇𝟐 = 417.5 kJ/kg 𝒉𝐟𝐠𝟐 = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟕. 𝟗 kJ/kg


    ℎ2 = ℎ𝑓2 + 𝑥2 . ℎ𝑓𝑔2 ℎ2 = 417.5 + 0.94 × 2257.9 𝒉𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓𝟑𝟗. 𝟗𝟐 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle
    𝒉𝟏 = 𝟐𝟕𝟒𝟕. 𝟓 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈

    𝒉𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓𝟑𝟗. 𝟗𝟐 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈
    𝐶2 = 2000(ℎ1 − ℎ2 )

    𝐶2 = 2000(2747.5 − 2539.92 )

    𝐶2 = 644.33 𝑚Τ𝑠

    Answer

    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle 𝐶2 = 644.33 𝑚/𝑠


    PROBLEM 01
    MOLLIER CHART
    METHOD
    Dry saturated steam at 5 bar with negligible velocity expands in a
    convergent nozzle to 1 bar and dryness fraction 0.94. Determine the
    velocity of steam leaving the nozzle.
    1 2
    Given Data:
    @ state 1; Dry saturated; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐂𝟏 = 𝟎

    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐱 𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟒: wet


    To find:

    Velocity of steam leaving the nozzle ( 𝐂𝟐 ) =?


    Formula
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle

    𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 + 𝐂𝟏 𝟐
    𝐂𝟏 = 𝟎
    𝑪𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎(𝒉𝟏 − 𝒉𝟐 )
    Where,
    ℎ1 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    ℎ2 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    ℎ1 = 2740 𝑘 𝐽Τ𝑘 𝑔
    1

    ℎ2 = 2540 𝑘 𝐽Τ𝑘 𝑔
    2

    @ state 1; Dry saturated; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫

    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐱 𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟒
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle
    𝒉𝟏 = 𝟐𝟕𝟒𝟎 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈

    𝒉𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓𝟒𝟎 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈
    𝐶2 = 2000(ℎ1 − ℎ2 )

    𝐶2 = 2000(2740 − 2540 )

    𝐶2 = 632.45 𝑚Τ𝑠

    Answer

    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle 𝐶2 = 632.45 𝑚/𝑠


    PROBLEM 02
    STEAM TABLES
    METHOD
    PROBLEM 02:
    Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 15 bar enters in a nozzle and is
    discharged at a pressure of 1.5 bar. Find the final velocity of steam when the
    initial velocity of steam is negligible.
    Given Data: 1 2
    @ state 1; Dry saturated; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟏𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐂𝟏 = 𝟎

    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫

    To find:

    Velocity of steam leaving the nozzle ( 𝐂𝟐 ) =?


    Formula
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle

    𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 + 𝐂𝟏 𝟐
    𝐂𝟏 = 𝟎
    𝑪𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎(𝒉𝟏 − 𝒉𝟐 )
    Where,
    ℎ1 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    ℎ2 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    Solution:
    @ state 1; Dry saturated; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟏𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫
    From steam tables,

    𝒉𝟏 = 𝒉𝒈𝟏 𝒔𝟏 = 𝒔𝒈𝟏

    𝒉𝟏 = 𝒉𝒈𝟏 = 𝟐𝟕𝟖𝟗. 𝟗 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈 𝒔𝟏 = 𝒔𝒈𝟏 = 𝟔. 𝟒𝟒𝟏𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈. 𝑲

    𝒔𝟏 = 𝒔𝟐 = 𝟔. 𝟒𝟒𝟏𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈. 𝑲
    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫; wet
    ℎ2 = ℎ𝑓2 + 𝑥2 . ℎ𝑓𝑔2 𝑠2 = 𝑠𝑓2 + 𝑥2 . 𝑠𝑓𝑔2
    𝒉𝒇𝟐 = 467.1 kJ/kg
    𝒉𝐟𝐠𝟐 = 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟔. 3 kJ/kg

    𝒔𝒇𝟐 = 1.433 kJ/kg.K

    𝒔𝐟𝐠𝟐 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟗 kJ/kg.K
    𝒔𝟏 = 𝒔𝟐 = 𝟔. 𝟒𝟒𝟏𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈. 𝑲 𝒔𝒇𝟐 = 1.433 kJ/kg.K

    𝑠2 = 𝑠𝑓2 + 𝑥2 . 𝑠𝑓𝑔2 𝒔𝐟𝐠𝟐 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟗 kJ/kg.K

    6.441 = 1.433 + 𝑥2 × 5.79

    𝑥2 = 0.86

    𝒉𝟐 = 𝒉𝒇𝟐 + 𝒙𝟐 . 𝒉𝒇𝒈𝟐 𝒉𝒇𝟐 = 467.1 kJ/kg

    𝒉𝐟𝐠𝟐 = 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟔. 3 kJ/kg


    𝒉𝟐 = 𝟒𝟔𝟕. 𝟏 + 𝟎. 𝟖𝟔 × 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟔. 𝟑

    𝒉𝟐 = 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟏. 𝟕 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle
    𝒉𝟏 = 𝟐𝟕𝟖𝟗. 𝟗 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈

    𝒉𝟐 = 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟏. 𝟕 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈
    𝐶2 = 2000(ℎ1 − ℎ2 )

    𝐶2 = 2000(2789.9 − 2381.7 )

    𝐶2 = 903.54 𝑚Τ𝑠

    Answer

    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle 𝐶2 = 903.54 𝑚/𝑠


    PROBLEM 02
    MOLLIER CHART
    METHOD
    PROBLEM 02:
    Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 15 bar enters in a nozzle and is
    discharged at a pressure of 1.5 bar. Find the final velocity of steam when the
    initial velocity of steam is negligible. 1 2
    Given Data:
    @ state 1; Dry saturated; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟏𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫 𝐂𝟏 = 𝟎

    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫

    To find:

    Velocity of steam leaving the nozzle ( 𝐂𝟐 ) =?


    Formula
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle

    𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 + 𝐂𝟏 𝟐
    𝐂𝟏 = 𝟎
    𝑪𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎(𝒉𝟏 − 𝒉𝟐 )
    Where,
    ℎ1 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    ℎ2 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    @ state 1; Dry saturated; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟏𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫
    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫

    ℎ1 = 2785 𝑘 𝐽Τ𝑘 𝑔 1

    ℎ2 = 2385 𝑘 𝐽Τ𝑘 𝑔
    2
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle
    𝒉𝟏 = 𝟐𝟕𝟖𝟓 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈

    𝒉𝟐 = 𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟓 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈
    𝐶2 = 2000(ℎ1 − ℎ2 )

    𝐶2 = 2000(2785 − 2385 )

    𝐶2 = 894.42 𝑚Τ𝑠

    Answer

    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle 𝐶2 = 894.42 𝑚/𝑠


    PROBLEM 03
    STEAM TABLES
    METHOD
    PROBLEM 03:
    In a steam nozzle, the steam expands from 4 bar to 1 bar. The initial
    velocity is 60 m/s and the initial temperature is 200°C. Determine the exit
    velocity, if the nozzle efficiency is 92%.
    Given Data: 1 2
    @ state 1; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟒 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐂𝟏 = 𝟔𝟎 𝐦/𝐬; T1 = 200°C

    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫 ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 = 𝟗𝟐%

    To find:

    Velocity of steam leaving the nozzle ( 𝐂𝟐 ) =?


    Formula
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle

    𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 + 𝐂𝟏 𝟐

    or 𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 ′ + 𝐂𝟏 𝟐
    ′
    𝒉𝟏 − 𝒉𝟐
    ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 =
    Where, 𝒉𝟏 − 𝒉𝟐
    ℎ1 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    ℎ2 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    ɳNOZZLE =Nozzle efficiency
    𝐶1 = 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑚/𝑠
    Solution: @ state 1; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟒 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐓𝟏 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎°𝐂

    𝑻𝑺𝟏 = 𝟏𝟒𝟑. 𝟔°𝑪


    𝑻𝟏 > 𝑻𝑺𝟏 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑
    Solution: @ state 1; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟒 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐓𝟏 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎°𝐂 𝒉𝟏 = 𝟐𝟖𝟔𝟎. 𝟒 𝒌𝑱/𝒌𝒈

    𝒔𝟏 = 𝟕. 𝟏𝟕𝟏 𝒌𝑱/𝒌𝒈𝑲 𝒔𝟏 = 𝒔𝟐 = 𝟕. 𝟏𝟕𝟏 𝒌𝑱/𝒌𝒈𝑲


    Solution: @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫

    𝒔𝒈𝟐 = 𝟕. 𝟑𝟔 𝒌𝑱/𝒌𝒈𝑲 𝒔𝟐 = 𝒔𝟏 = 𝟕. 𝟏𝟕𝟏 𝒌𝑱/𝒌𝒈𝑲 𝒔𝟐 < 𝒔𝒈𝟐 𝑾𝒆𝒕


    Solution: @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫

    𝒔𝟐 = 𝟕. 𝟏𝟕𝟏 𝒌𝑱/𝒌𝒈𝑲 𝑠f2 = 1.303 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾 𝑠fg2 = 6.057 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾


    𝑠2 = 𝑠𝑓2 + 𝑥2 . 𝑠𝑓𝑔2 7.171 = 1.303 + 𝑥2 × 6.057
    𝑥2 = 0.96
    @ State 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫
    h= ℎ𝑓 + x . ℎ𝑓𝑔 ℎ2 = ℎ𝑓2 + 𝑥2 . ℎ𝑓𝑔2

    𝒉𝒇𝟐 = 417.5 kJ/kg 𝒉𝐟𝐠𝟐 = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟕. 𝟗 kJ/kg 𝑥2 = 0.96

    ℎ2 = ℎ𝑓2 + 𝑥2 . ℎ𝑓𝑔2 ℎ2 = 417.5 + 0.96 × 2257.9


    𝒉𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓𝟖𝟓. 𝟎𝟖 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle
    𝒉𝟏 = 𝟐𝟖𝟔𝟎. 𝟒 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈
    𝟐
    𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 + 𝐂𝟏 𝒉𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓𝟖𝟓. 𝟎𝟖 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈

    𝐶2 = 2000(2860 − 2585.08 ) × 0.92 + 602


    𝐂𝟏 = 𝟔𝟎 𝐦/𝐬
    𝐶2 = 713.76 𝑚Τ𝑠
    ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 = 𝟗𝟐%
    Answer

    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle 𝐶2 = 713. 76 𝑚/𝑠


    PROBLEM 03
    MOLLIER CHART
    METHOD
    PROBLEM 03:
    In a steam nozzle, the steam expands from 4 bar to 1 bar. The initial
    velocity is 60 m/s and the initial temperature is 200°C. Determine the exit
    velocity, if the nozzle efficiency is 92%.
    Given Data: 1 2
    @ state 1; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟒 𝐛𝐚𝐫; 𝐂𝟏 = 𝟔𝟎 𝐦/𝐬; T1 = 200°C

    @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫 ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 = 𝟗𝟐%

    To find:

    Velocity of steam leaving the nozzle ( 𝐂𝟐 ) =?


    Formula
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle

    𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 + 𝐂𝟏 𝟐

    or 𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 ′ + 𝐂𝟏 𝟐
    ′
    𝒉𝟏 − 𝒉𝟐
    ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 =
    Where, 𝒉𝟏 − 𝒉𝟐
    ℎ1 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    ℎ2 = 𝐸𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
    ɳNOZZLE =Nozzle efficiency
    𝐶1 = 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑧𝑧𝑙𝑒, 𝑚/𝑠
    @ state 1; 𝐏𝟏 = 𝟒 𝐛𝐚𝐫; T1 = 200°C @ state 2; 𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏 𝐛𝐚𝐫

    ℎ1 = 2860 𝑘 𝐽Τ𝑘 𝑔 1

    ℎ2 = 2595 𝑘 𝐽Τ𝑘 𝑔
    2
    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle
    𝒉𝟏 = 𝟐𝟖𝟔𝟎 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈
    𝟐
    𝐂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐡𝟏 − 𝐡𝟐 ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 + 𝐂𝟏 𝒉𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓𝟗𝟓 𝒌 𝑱Τ𝒌 𝒈

    𝐶2 = 2000(2860 − 2595 ) × 0.92 + 602


    𝐂𝟏 = 𝟔𝟎 𝐦/𝐬
    𝐶2 = 700.85 𝑚Τ𝑠
    ɳ𝑵𝑶𝒁𝒁𝑳𝑬 = 𝟗𝟐%
    Answer

    Velocity of Steam leaving the Nozzle 𝐶2 = 700.85 𝑚/𝑠


    ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM 01:
    Dry saturated steam at 4 bar with negligible velocity expands in a nozzle to 0.5 bar and
    dryness fraction 0.85. Determine the velocity of steam leaving the nozzle.

    ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM 02:


    In a steam nozzle, the steam expands from 5 bar to 2 bar. The initial velocity is 50 m/s
    and the initial temperature is 150°C. Determine the exit velocity if the nozzle efficiency is
    82%.

    ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM 03:


    Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 20 bar enters in a nozzle and is discharged at a
    pressure of 3 bar. Find the final velocity of steam when the initial velocity of steam is
    negligible.
    Thank You

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