General Standard: IPS-G-SF-540
General Standard: IPS-G-SF-540
General Standard: IPS-G-SF-540
GENERAL STANDARD
FOR
DEC. 1997
This Standard is the property of Iranian Ministry of Petroleum. All rights are reserved to the owner.
Neither whole nor any part of this document may be disclosed to any third party, reproduced, stored in
any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of the
Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
0. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 2
1. SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................ 3
2. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ............................................................................................. 3
3. UNITS.............................................................................................................................................. 3
SECTION 1 :
SECTION 2 :
APPENDICES:
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
0. INTRODUCTION
Safety training is one of the important ways to motivate employees not only their contribution in
accident and fire prevention but to promote their general knowledge and self-confidence. To
implement this, a wide range of training program is needed which should incorporate facilities to be
provided for this purpose.
Provision of facilities in fire stations is also required which is one of the major concern of I.O.G.P.*
to protect employees properties from the risk and thread of fire in their residential and work places.
The equipment and facilities required should be envisaged by safety and fire and the management
as an authorities to determine the needs as given in the Engineering Standard IPS-E-SF-520 and
this Standard.
In designing and specifying materials and equipment for fire stations, factors such as hazards
involved in the process of oil and gas refineries, petrochemical complexes, production units and
pumping and compressor stations should be considered. Based on the information gained the size
of building construction, facilities, equipment and emergency response team as well as future
development can be anticipated.
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
3. UNITS
This Standard is based on International Systems of Units (SI), except where otherwise specified.
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
SECTION 1
4.1.1 Assessment
In order to drive the maximum benefits from the resources available a comprehensive assessment
of current and future needs must be made and the following subjects must be considered:
- Current and future needs.
- Facilities currently available.
- Adequate space required for indoor and outdoor training.
In design and construction of training facilities the following courses should be considered:
- Recruit training (basic course) for fire-fighters.
- Employees fire-fighting course.
- Motor vehicle accident prevention defensive driving course.
- First aid course.
- Environmental pollution and hygiene control.
- Special course for supervisors.
- Off the jobe safety course.
Note:
No restriction is made to include refresher courses.
4.3.1 General
Some aspects to consider in determining the placement of the training facility are; site, water
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
4.3.2.1 Proper drainage separated from oil installations drain system is a major consideration
because of the use of large amounts of water for certain exercises. Also, effort should be made to
ensure that drainage will be sufficient for variable weather conditions as well as future expansion.
4.3.2.2 The slope of the land may be advantageous for drainage but an excessive slope may be a
negative safety factor for manpower and apparatus movement especially when the surface is wet.
4.3.2.3 The size of the site should be ample for planned buildings, parking, and future expansion.
Allow adequate separation between buildings for safety.
The site of the training facility should be located away from the center of community life to minimize
negative impact on adjacent land use.
4.3.3.1 The maximum water supply required should be estimated so that an adequate system can
be installed to deliver the necessary volume for training activities and domestic as well as off-shore
desalinated water needs. A loop or grid system with properly placed valves would help to ensure an
adequate water delivery. If possible, dead-end mains should be avoided.
4.3.3.2 Two delivery hydrants with capacity of 120 m³/h of water supply and two water monitors be
installed preferably at up wind.
4.3.4.1 Rules should be developed regarding the use of the facility. The various components of the
facility should be in use as much as possible. The needs of the prospective users will be fulfilled by
proper scheduling.
4.3.4.2 Prevailing winds can be used to direct smoke away from neighbors. Shifting winds will have
to be taken into consideration.
4.4.1 Offices
Office space shall be provided for the head of training, instructors and clerical personnel. Additional
spaces are required for store laboratory, visual devices and other material and equipment.
4.4.3 Classrooms
4.4.3.1 Classroom size should be based by the number of trainees and the type of training to be
conducted. Minimum space shall be for 30 men.
4.4.3.2 The instructor should be able to control room condition and audio-visual equipment. Good
lighting is a must and the use of both individual controls and rheostats should be considered to vary
the illumination. A podium light and separate white board illumination can make a presentation in a
darkened room more effective. Electrical outlets in the floor and the walls should be spaced to
eliminate the use of extension cords. Before the sound system is installed, the installer should
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
4.4.4 Audio-visual
4.4.4.1 To allow the instructor to take advantage of various media the following equipment shall be
available:
a) White board, magnetic board.
b) Video with T.V monitor.
c) Slide projector, recorder and video editing machine.
d) Computer, overhead, video projector
e) Amplifier and microphone.
4.4.4.2 To aid in the use of audio-visual equipment the following requirements are to be provided:
a) Provide an extra electrical switch with a rheostat to control illumination.
b) Place projector area near hallway so that the equipment can be easily moved.
c) Provide heating, ventilation and air conditioning.
d) Provide projectors with permanent remote control wire.
e) Install electrical receptacles in the floor to eliminate the use of extention cord.
4.6.1 The training ground including recruit section should consist typically of an area of about 1000
m² located in a safe position away from plant and storage facilities.
4.6.2 A typical lay-out of a training ground is given in Appendix A. It consists of a concrete floor,
sloping for drainage, surrounded by spillage walls of about 0.5 m high. The drain connection shall
be provided with an isolating valve and a fire trap shall be installed in the drain pit located outside
the spillage wall. For LNG/LPG plant training grounds, an additional sump of 3 × 3 m is required
with a total depth of 1 m (including a wall), both sump and wall shall be lined with heat-resistant
refractory bricks. Thermally insulated LNG/LPG filling and nitrogen cooling connections shall be
installed for the simulation of LNG/LPG fires.
4.6.3 A fuel tank is installed outside the spillage wall at a safe distance to provide the ’mock-up’
equipment with fuel for simulated plant equipment fires. The fuel tank may be pressurized with
nitrogen to transfer the fuel to the equipment, or, when electrical power is available a pump can be
used.
4.6.4 For refinery installations, the mock-up equipment indicated in the lay-out should be installed
as a minimum.
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
4.6.5 Locations with special fire hazard, additional equipment for simulating fires may be required. If
gas cylinders are used, they shall be included and stored on a concrete slab positioned outside the
spillage wall at a safe distance, to feed gas to the mock-up equipment for simulated gas fire.
4.6.6 A branch from the fire-water main with a capacity of 120 m³/h shall run to the training ground.
This branch shall be fitted with two-way hydrants, two water monitors and a full bore flushing
connection for cleaning the branch line.
4.6.7 The area shall be accessible for a fire-fighting vehicle and, if the access road has a dead end
a turn-around shall also be provided.
4.7.1 The following spaces and facilities are generally required for recruit training (see Appendix B):
a) Ground for drill and practical exercises. The area shall be approximately of 30 × 20 m.
b) Water sump to be provided for pump test. The sump to be of minimum of 2 × 2 m and 3 meter
deep. The level of water to be at 2 m but a slop ramp should be made with 4 m wide and one
meter high. The pump testing area shall be fenced and the sump to be covered.
c) Construction of smoke building to acquaint the trainees with the skill and ability necessary for
survival in an oxygen deficient atmosphere and learning to use breathing apparatus (Appendix B
Fig. B.1). The smoke building shall have entry points and escape hatches and smoke used
should be of a controlled combustion with minimum toxicity. Hay-Straw-Cardboard boxes or
similar combustibles are considerably safer (see Appendix B Fig. B.2) Smoke Machine.
d) Floating roof oil storage tank fire. Fire is extinguished by:
1) Foam pourer.
2) Portable foam branch or fire extinguishers (Appendix B Fig. B.4).
e) A ladder training tower to be provided for ladder drill (Appendix B Fig. B.3).
f) Flammable liquid burn area (Appendix B Fig. B.5).
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
SECTION 2
5.1 General
This Section of standard covers the requirements for fire station buildings. Four Categories of A, B,
C and D are given in Clause 5.2. The fire stations shall be built at safe locations away from any risk
and as close as practicable to the fire control area where additional personnel are available.
5.2 Categories
Size of fire stations shall be categorized by company management and safety and fire authorities
considering all risk factors such as:
1) Size of the area.
2) Combined fire and emergency factors.
3) Fire protection system installed.
4) Availability of employees trained in fire fighting operations.
5) Availability of other sources of help.
6) Fire prevention techniques, design and enforcement.
Categories of fire stations are as follows:
A Large For the areas such as combining refineries, process, chemical,
gas treating plants, loading terminal, storage and other service
facilities including industrial and residential areas.
B Medium The same as above classified as lower risk.
C Sub-Fire Station For the area of high risk with fire station of Category A but far
away to reach within 10 minutes driving.
D Retained For the fire risk potential areas and plants covering
approximately 2 to 5 km² and located far away from any fire
stations (selected employees are trained and assigned as
volunteer fire fithters).
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
5.2.1.2 Lay-out
- The vehicles should be able to enter and leave the station parking bays at both sides, front and
rear of the fire station.
- If the fire station is located at an authorized primary road, consideration should be given to the
installation of traffic lights, operable from, and indicating when vehicles are leaving, the fire
station.
- The entrance and exits should be closed by doors e.g. rolling shutters, counter weight, etc.
designed for fast opening and constructed in such a way that the vehicles would be able to drive
through without delay.
- Open parking (in fire stations without doors) may be considered when climatic conditions allow,
but a disadvantage will be entry of unauthorized persons.
- In locations where freezing can occur, the parking places shall be protected accordingly.
- Each parking bay shall be equipped with an electrical connection and cable for battery
charging, and when required for heater in the engine cooling system of the vehicle, the plugs to
be pulled out of the sockets, when the fire truck drives away.
- The height above the parking places, including doors shall not be less than 5 m. A free space
of 1.5 m should be available between each vehicle, between vehicle and wall and all doors. the
width of vehicle is approximately 2.5 m.
- The length of a parking place should be based on the length of the longest fire-fighting vehicle
pulling a mobile water/foam monitor which may be approximately 11 m.
- An inspection pit shall be available in the maintenance area of the fire station.
- Parking area shall be equipped with compressed air supply for pressurizing the brakes of the
trucks when required.
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
- Provision of storage and loading for foam compound and other materials used during fire and
emergencies.
- Hydrant(s) with a fresh water supply and facilities for flushing out of the piping systems of the
fire-fighting vehicles shall be provided at the rear of the fire station together with hose cleaning
equipment.
- Fire fighting training and exercise ground as specified in Appendix A. All fire station office
buildings shall be provided with air conditioning systems.
- Drying room for drying fire hoses, clothing and other equipment.
- Fire fighters outfits for assigned assisting crew, if selected from plant employees.
5.2.2.1 General
a) Depending on availability on site, fixed or portable fire fighting equipment, for Category B fire
station (24 hours manned) 5 number of fire trucks and trailers, are the minimum requirements.
b) Types of trucks:
1) General purpose fire truck 1 unit.
2) Major fire truck 1 unit.
3) Auxiliary fire trucks and trailer 3 units.
5.2.2.2 Lay-out
a) The fire station shall be provided with parking accommodation of 5 bays including future
expansion.
5.2.2.3 The following building spaces are required:
- Offices for fire master and his staff.
- Work bench, fire extinguishers and emergency equipment testing and servicing facilities.
- CO2, N2, O2 transfer charging units and air compressor.
- Training room for 20 men.
- Accommodation for rest room, locker room, dining room and etc.
- Store room.
- Control room.
- Fire fighting training ground with selected suitable equipment from Appendices A and B.
5.2.2.4 Other facilities should be provided as follows:
- Alarm annunciator and communication system.
- Visual aids for training.
- Connections and cable for charging batteries together with heater in the engine cooling system
for all fire trucks where required.
- Fire fighters outfit for assigned assisting crew if selected from plant workers or staff.
- Provisions for storage and loading of foam compound.
- Fire water hydrant with hose washing and cleaning rack.
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
5.2.3.1 For any fire risk area more than 10 minutes driving away from main fire station, a sub-fire
station is required. Truck and crew shall attend to fight the fire before the main Fire Brigade’s trucks
and crews take over on their arrival.
5.2.4.1 Retained fire stations under control of area fire station Catogry A or B applies to those
stations having three bays with 2 fire trucks selected for major emergencies and the manpower of 2
drivers for each shift. Another auxiliary fire truck may be used as spare.
5.2.4.2 In an outbreak of fire when the alarm is sounded the appropriate fire trucks will be driven by
available drivers or reported for duty and retained selected trained personnel will be picked up on
their way to the site of fire.
5.2.4.3 Retained fire stations can be totally unmanned. In that case available trained fire men will
attend the fire station when alarm has been given. The crew and the truck will proceed to the scene
of fire.
5.2.4.4 This system is entirely for major emergency cases. However assistance shall be given when
needed.
5.2.4.5 Unmanned retained stations should be locked and will be opened only by means provided in
main fire station or the keys left with selected persons. Retained personnel will usually report to the
station for checking and inspection of fire equipment once a week.
5.2.4.6 Requirements for this type of station are as follows:
- Locker room for outfits.
- Direct communication with main fire station.
- Alarm annunciator.
- Store room.
- Hose wash and cleaning facility.
- Office.
- Work bench.
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
TYPICAL LAY-OUT OF FIRE-FIGHTING TRAINING GROUND AND EQUIPMENT
(to be continued)
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
APPENDIX A (continued)
EQUIPMENT DETAILS
(to be continued)
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APPENDIX A (continued)
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APPENDIX A (continued)
EQUIPMENT DETAILS
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
APPENDIX B
RECRUIT TRAINING EXERCISE FACILITIES
SMOKEMAKING MACHINE-VERY SIMPLE 55-GAL (209-L) DRUM WITH HINGED DOOR HALF
AND SMOKE PIPE TO ROOMS ON VARIOUS FLOORS
Fig. B.2
(to be continued)
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APPENDIX B (continued)
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APPENDIX B (continued)
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APPENDIX C.1
TYPICAL LAY-OUT OF FIRE STATION LARGE-SIZE REFINERY
AND PLANTS (CATEGORY A)
(to be continued)
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(to be continued)
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Dec. 1997 IPS-G-SF- 540
APPENDIX C.3
TYPICAL LAY-OUT OF SUB OR RETAINED FIRE STATIONS (CATEGORY C AND D)
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