Java Oca Test 1 Neticeler

Soru 1:
Doğru
____________ uses access modifiers to protect variables and hide them within a class.
Which of the following options accurately fill in the blanks above?

Inheritances

Abstraction

Encapsulation
(Doğru)

Polymorphism
Açıklama
Encapsulation is all about having private instance variable and providing public getter
and setter methods.
Soru 2: Yanlış
What will be the result of compiling and executing Test class?
1. package com.udayan.oca;
2.
3. public class Test {
4. public static void main(String[] args) {
5. int [] arr = {2, 1, 0};
6. for(int i : arr) {
7. System.out.println(arr[i]);
8. }
9. }
10. }

0
1
2
(Doğru)

2
1
0
(Yanlış)

Compilation error

ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException is thrown at runtime
Açıklama
Inside enhanced for loop, System.out.println(arr[i]); is used instead of
System.out.println(i);
When loop executes 1st time, i stores the first array element, which is 2 but
System.out.println statement prints arr[2] which is 0. Loop executes in this manner and
prints 0 1 2 on to the console.
Soru 3: Doğru
Consider below code:
1. //Test.java
3.
4. import java.util.ArrayList;
5. import java.util.List;
6.
9. String s = new String("Hello");
10. List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
11. list.add(s);
12. list.add(new String("Hello"));
13. list.add(s);
14. s.replace("l", "L");
15.
16. System.out.println(list);
17. }
18. }


[Hello, Hello, Hello]
(Doğru)

[HeLLo, Hello, HeLLo]

[HeLLo, HeLLo, HeLLo]

[HeLLo, Hello, Hello]
Açıklama
ArrayList's 1st and 3rd items are referring to same String instance referred by s [s -->
"Hello"] and 2nd item is referring to another instance of String.
String is immutable, which means s.replace("l", "L"); creates another String instance
"HeLLo" but s still refers to "Hello" [s --> "Hello"].
[Hello, Hello, Hello] is printed in the output.
Soru 4: Yanlış
For the class Test, which options, if used to replace /*INSERT*/, will print "Lucky no. 7"
on to the console? Select 3 options.
2.
5. /*INSERT*/
6. switch(var) {
7. case 7:
8. System.out.println("Lucky no. 7");
9. break;
10. default:
11. System.out.println("DEFAULT");
12. }
13. }
14. }

char var = '7';
(Yanlış)

Integer var = 7;
(Doğru)

Character var = '7';
(Yanlış)

Character var = 7;
(Doğru)

char var = 7;
(Doğru)
Açıklama
switch can accept primitive types: byte, short, int, char; wrapper types: Byte, Short,
Integer, Character; String and enums.
In this case, all are valid values but only 3 executes "case 7:". case is comparing integer
value 7.
NOTE: character seven, '7' is different from integer value seven, 7. So "char var = '7';"
and "Character var = '7';" will print DEFAULT on to the console.
Soru 5: Doğru
What will be the result of compiling and executing the Test class?
2.
5. int grade = 60;
6. if(grade = 60)
7. System.out.println("You passed...");
8. else
9. System.out.println("You failed...");
10. }
11. }

You passed…

Produces no output

Compilation error
(Doğru)

You failed…
Açıklama
Following are allowed in boolean expression of if statement:
1. Any expression whose result is either true or false. e.g. age > 20
2. A boolean variable. e.g. flag
3. A boolean literal: true or false
4. A boolean assignment. e.g. flag = true
boolean expression in this case is: (grade = 60), which is an int assignment and not
boolean assignment. Hence Compilation error.
Soru 6: Doğru
Which of the following statement is correct about below code?
2.
5. do {
6. System.out.println(100);
7. } while (false);
8. System.out.println("Bye");
9. }
10. }

Unreachable code compilation error

100
Bye
(Doğru)

Compiles successfully and prints 100 in infinite loop

Compiles successfully and prints "Bye"
Açıklama
As do-while loop executes at least once, hence none of the code is unreachable in this
case.
Java runtime prints 100 to the console, then it checks boolean expression, which is false.
Hence control goes out of do-while block. Java runtime executes 2nd System.out.println
statement to print "Bye" on to the console.
Soru 7: Yanlış
2.
5. m1(); //Line 3
6. }
7.
8. private static void m1() throws Exception { //Line 6
9. System.out.println("NOT THROWING ANY EXCEPTION"); //Line 7
10. }
11. }

NOT THROWING ANY EXCEPTION
(Yanlış)

Compilation error at Line 6

(Doğru)

Açıklama
If a method declares to throw Exception or its sub-type other than RuntimeException
types, then calling method should follow handle or declare rule. In this case, as method
m1() declares to throw Exception, so main method should either declare the same
exception or its super type in its throws clause OR m1(); should be surrounded by try-
catch block.
Line 3 in this case causes compilation error.
Soru 8: Yanlış
2.
4. public static void main(String [] args) {
5. int a = 100;
6. System.out.println(-a++);
7. }
8. }

-99

-100
(Doğru)

-101

99

Compilation error
(Yanlış)
Açıklama
First add parenthesis (round brackets) to the given expression: -a++.
There are 2 operators involved. unary minus and Postfix operator. Let's start with
expression and value of a.
-a++; [a = 100].
-(a++); [a = 100] Postfix operator has got higher precedence than unary operator.
-(100); [a = 101] Use the value of a (100) in the expression and after that increase the
value of a to 101.
-100; [a = 101] -100 is printed on to the console.
Soru 9: Atlandı
Fill in the blanks for the definition of java.lang.Error class:
public class java.lang.Error extends ________________ {...}

RuntimeException

Exception

Throwable
(Doğru)
Açıklama
An Error is a subclass of Throwable class.
Soru 10: Atlandı
1. //Test.java
3.
4. import java.time.LocalDate;
5. import java.time.LocalTime;
6.
9. LocalDate date = LocalDate.parse("1947-08-14");
10. LocalTime time = LocalTime.MAX;
11. System.out.println(date.atTime(time));
12. }
13. }


1947-08-14T23:59:59.999999999
(Doğru)

1947-08-14T23:59:59

1947-08-14T23:59:59.0

1947-08-14T23:59:59.999
Açıklama
LocalTime.MIN --> {00:00}, LocalTime.MAX --> {23:59:59.999999999},
LocalTime.MIDNIGHT --> {00:00}, LocalTime.NOON --> {12:00}.
date.atTime(LocalTime) method creates a LocalDateTime instance by combining date

and time parts.
toString() method of LocalDateTime class prints the date and time parts separated by T
in upper case.
Soru 11: Doğru
Given code:
2.
5. /*INSERT*/
6. arr[1] = 5;
7. arr[2] = 10;
8. System.out.println("[" + arr[1] + ", " + arr[2] + "]"); //Line n1
9. }
10. }
And below statements:
1. short arr [] = new short[2];
2. byte [] arr = new byte[10];
3. short [] arr; arr = new short[3];
4. short [2] arr;

5. short [3] arr;
6. int [] arr = new int[]{100, 100};
7. int [] arr = new int[]{0, 0, 0, 0};
8. short [] arr = {};
9. short [] arr = new short[2]{5, 10};
How many above statements can be used to replace /*INSERT*/, such that on execution,
code will print [5, 10] on to the console?

Only two options

Only three options
(Doğru)

More than four options

None of the given options

Only four options

Only one option
Açıklama
Let's check all the statements one by one:
1. short arr [] = new short[2]; => ✗
You can declare one-dimensional array by using either "short arr []" or "short [] arr". 'arr'
refers to a short array object of 2 elements. arr[2] will throw
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException at runtime.
2. byte [] arr = new byte[10]; => ✓

'arr' refers to a byte array object of 10 elements, where 0 is assigned to each array
element. But later on element at 1st and 2nd indexes have been re-initialized. Line n1
successfully prints [5, 10] on to the console.
3. short [] arr; arr = new short[3]; => ✓
You can create an array object in the same statement or next statement. 'arr' refers to a
short array object of 3 elements, where 0 is assigned to each array element. Later on
element at 1st and 2nd indexes have been re-initialized. Line n1 successfully prints [5,
10] on to the console.
4. short [2] arr; ✗
Array size cannot be specified at the time of declaration, so short [2] arr; causes
compilation error.
5. short [3] arr; ✗
Array size cannot be specified at the time of declaration, so short [3] arr; causes
compilation error.
6. int [] arr = new int[]{100, 100}; => ✗
'arr' refers to an int array object of size 2 and both array elements have value 100. arr[2]
will throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException at runtime.
7. int [] arr = new int[]{0, 0, 0, 0}; => ✓
'arr' refers to an int array object of size 4 and all array elements have value 0. Later on
element at 1st and 2nd indexes have been re-initialized. Line n1 successfully prints [5,
10] on to the console.
8. short [] arr = {}; => ✗

'arr' refers to a short array object of 0 size. so arr[1] will throw
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException at runtime.
9. short [] arr = new short[2]{5, 10}; => ✗
Array's size can't be specified, if you use {} to assign values to array elements.
Hence, out of the given 9 statements, only 3 will print [5, 10] on to the console.
Soru 12: Yanlış
1. //Test.java
3.
6.
7. class Student {
8. private String name;
9. private int age;
10.
11. Student(String name, int age) {
12. this.name = name;
13. this.age = age;
14. }
15.
16. public String toString() {
17. return "Student[" + name + ", " + age + "]";
18. }
19. }
20.
23. List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
24. students.add(new Student("James", 25));
28.
29. students.remove(new Student("James", 25));
30.
31. for(Student stud : students) {
32. System.out.println(stud);
33. }
34. }
35. }


Student[James, 27]
(Yanlış)

Student[James, 27]
Student[James, 25]
Student[James, 25]

Student[James, 25]
Student[James, 27]
Student[James, 25]

Student[James, 25]
Student[James, 27]
Student[James, 25]
Student[James, 25]
(Doğru)
Açıklama
Before you answer this, you must know that there are 5 different Student object created
in the memory (4 at the time of adding to the list and 1 at the time of removing from
the list). This means these 5 Student objects will be stored at different memory
addresses.
remove(Object) method removes the first occurrence of matching object and

equals(Object) method decides whether 2 objects are equal or not. equals(Object)
method defined in Object class uses == operator to check the equality and in this case
as 5 Student objects are stored at different memory location, hence not equal.
Nothing is removed from the students list, all the 4 Student objects are printed in the
insertion order.
Soru 13: Doğru
2.
5. double [] arr = new int[2]; //Line 3
6. System.out.println(arr[0]); //Line 4
7. }
8. }

0

0.0

Line 3 causes compilation error
(Doğru)

Line 4 causes runtime exception
Açıklama
int variable can easily be assigned to double type but double [] and int [] are not
compatible. In fact, both are siblings and can't be assigned to each other, so Line 3
causes compilation failure.
Soru 14: Doğru
2.
5. double price = 90000;
6. String model;
7. if(price > 100000) {
8. model = "Tesla Model X";
9. } else if(price <= 100000) {
10. model = "Tesla Model S";
11. }
12. System.out.println(model);
13. }
14. }

Tesla Model S

Compilation Error
(Doğru)

Tesla Model X

null
Açıklama
In this case "if - else if" block is used and not "if - else" block.
90000 is assigned to variable 'price' but you can assign parameter value or call some
method returning double value, such as:
'double price = currentTemp();'.
In these cases compiler will not know the exact value until runtime, hence Java Compiler
is not sure which boolean expression will be evaluated to true and so variable model
may not be initialized.
Usage of LOCAL variable, 'model' without initialization gives compilation error. Hence,
System.out.println(model); gives compilation error.
Soru 15: Doğru
Consider below code fragment:
1. interface Printable {
2. public void setMargin();
3. public void setOrientation();
4. }
5.
6. abstract class Paper implements Printable { //Line 7
7. public void setMargin() {}
8. //Line 9
9. }
10.
11. class NewsPaper extends Paper { //Line 12
12. public void setMargin() {}
13. //Line 14
14. }
Above code is currently giving compilation error. Which 2 modifications, done

independently, enable the code to compile?

Replace the code at Line 7 with: class Paper implements Printable {

Replace the code at Line 12 with: abstract class NewsPaper extends Paper {
(Doğru)

Insert at Line 9: public abstract void setOrientation();

Insert at Line 14: public void setOrientation() {}
(Doğru)
Açıklama
First you should find out the reason for compilation error. Methods declared in Printable
interface are implicitly abstract, no issues with Printable interface.
class Paper is declared abstract and it implements Printable interface, it overrides
setMargin() method but setOrientation() method is still abstract. No issues with class
Paper as it is an abstract class and can have 0 or more abstract methods.
class NewsPaper is concrete class and it extends Paper class (which is abstract). So class
NewsPaper must override setOrientation() method OR it must be declared abstract.
Replacing Line 9 with 'public abstract void setOrientation();' is not necessary and it will
not resolve the compilation error in NewsPaper class.
Replacing Line 7 with 'class Paper implements Printable {' will cause compilation failure
of Paper class as it inherits abstract method 'setOrientation'.
Soru 16: Yanlış
Consider code of Test.java file:
2.
5.
8. List<Character> list = new ArrayList<>();
9. list.add(0, 'V');
10. list.add('T');
11. list.add(1, 'E');
12. list.add(3, 'O');
13.
14. if(list.contains('O')) {
15. list.remove('O');
16. }
17.
18. for(char ch : list) {
19. System.out.print(ch);
20. }
21. }
22. }


Compilation error
(Yanlış)

Runtime exception
(Doğru)

VETO

VTEO

VET

VTE
Açıklama
list.add(0, 'V'); => char 'V' is converted to Character object and stored as the first
element in the list. list --> [V].
list.add('T'); => char 'T' is auto-boxed to Character object and stored at the end of the
list. list --> [V,T].
list.add(1, 'E'); => char 'E' is auto-boxed to Character object and inserted at index 1 of
the list, this shifts T to the right. list --> [V,E,T].
list.add(3, 'O'); => char 'O' is auto-boxed to Character object and added at index 3 of
the list. list --> [V,E,T,O].
list.contains('O') => char 'O' is auto-boxed to Character object and as Character class
overrides equals(String) method this expression returns true. Control goes inside if-
block and executes: list.remove('O');.
remove method is overloaded: remove(int) and remove(Object). char can be easily

assigned to int so compiler tags remove(int) method. list.remove(<ASCCI value of 'O'>);
ASCCI value of 'A' is 65 (this everybody knows) so ASCII value of 'O' will be more than
65.
list.remove('O') throws runtime exception, as it tries to remove an item from the index
greater than 65 but allowed index is 0 to 3 only.
Soru 17: Yanlış
1. //Test.java
3.
4. class SpecialString {
5. String str;
6. SpecialString(String str) {
7. this.str = str;
8. }
9. }
10.
13. Object [] arr = new Object[4];
14. for(int i = 1; i <=3; i++) {
15. switch(i) {
16. case 1:
17. arr[i] = new String("Java");
18. break;
19. case 2:
20. arr[i] = new StringBuilder("Java");
21. break;
22. case 3:
23. arr[i] = new SpecialString("Java");
24. break;
25. }
26. }
27. for(Object obj : arr) {
28. System.out.println(obj);
29. }
30. }
31. }

null
Java
Java
Java

Java
Java
<Some text containing @ symbol>
null
(Yanlış)

Java
Java
Java

Java
Java

Java

null
Java

null
Java
Java
(Doğru)

Java
null

Java
Java
Java
null
Açıklama
Variable 'arr' refers to an Object array of size 4 and null is assigned to all 4 elements of
this array.
for-loop starts with i = 1, which means at 1st index String instance is stored, at 2nd
index StringBuiler instance is stored and at 3rd index SpecialString instance is stored.
null is stored at 0th index.
So, first null will be printed on to the console.
String and StringBuilder classes override toString() method, which prints the text stored
in these classes. SpecialString class doesn't override toString() method and hence when
instance of SpecialString is printed on to the console, you get: <fully qualified name of
SpecialString class>@<hexadecimal representation of hashcode>.
Therefore output will be:
null
Java
Java
Soru 18: Doğru
Which of the following is not a valid array declaration?

int [][] arr2 = new int[8][8];

int arr4[][] = new int[][8];
(Doğru)

int [] arr3 [] = new int[8][];

int [] arr1 = new int[8];
Açıklama
1st array dimension must be specified at the time of declaration. new int[][8]; gives
compilation error as 1st dimension is not specified.
Soru 19: Doğru
1. //Guest.java
2. class Message {
3. static void main(String [] args) {
4. System.out.println("Welcome " + args[2] + "!");
5. }
6. }
7.
8. public class Guest {
10. Message.main(args);
11. }
12. }
And the commands:

javac Guest.java
java Guest Clare Waight Keller
What is the result?

ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException is thrown at runtime

Some other error as main method can't be invoked manually

Welcome Keller!
(Doğru)

Compilation error as main method is not public in Message class

Welcome Clare!

Welcome Waight!
Açıklama
Class Guest has special main method but main method defined in Message class is not
public and hence it can't be called by JVM. But there is no issue with the syntax hence
no compilation error.
java Guest Clare Waight Keller passes new String [] {"Clare", "Waight", "Keller"} to args
of Guest.main method.
Guest.main method invokes Message.main method with the same argument: new String
[] {"Clare", "Waight", "Keller"}. args[2] is "Keller" hence "Welcome Keller!" gets printed on
to the console.
Soru 20: Yanlış
2.
5. Double [] arr = new Double[2];
6. System.out.println(arr[0] + arr[1]);
7. }
8. }

ClassCastException is thrown at runtime

Compilation error

NullPointerException is thrown at runtime
(Doğru)

0.0
(Yanlış)
Açıklama
Array elements are initialized to their default values. arr is referring to an array of Double
type, which is reference type and hence both the array elements are initialized to null.
To calculate arr[0] + arr[1], java runtime converts the expression to arr[0].doubleValue()

+ arr[1].doubleValue(). As arr[0] and arr[1] are null hence calling doubleValue() method
throws NullPointerException.
Soru 21: Yanlış
2.
5. String str = "java";
6. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("java");
7.
8. System.out.println(str.equals(sb) + ":" + sb.equals(str));
9. }
10. }

false:false
(Doğru)

true:false

false:true

Compilation error
(Yanlış)

true:true
Açıklama
equals method declared in Object class has the declaration: public boolean
equals(Object). Generally, equals method is used to compare different instances of same
class but if you pass any other object, there is no compilation error. Parameter type is
Object so it can accept any Java object.
str.equals(sb) => String class overrides equals(Object) method but as "sb" is of

StringBuilder type so this returns false.
StringBuilder class doesn't override equals(Object) method. So Object version is invoked
which uses == operator, hence sb.equals(str) returns false as well.
false:false is printed on to the console.
Soru 22: Yanlış
2.
5. try {
6. main(args);
7. } catch (Exception ex) {
8. System.out.println("CATCH-");
9. }
10. System.out.println("OUT");
11. }
12. }

Compilation error

None of the System.out.println statements are executed
(Doğru)

OUT

CATCH-OUT
(Yanlış)
Açıklama
main(args) method is invoked recursively without specifying any exit condition, so this
code ultimately throws java.lang.StackOverflowError. StackOverflowError is a subclass of
Error type and not Exception type, hence it is not handled. Stack trace is printed to the
console and program ends abruptly.
Java doesn't allow to catch specific checked exceptions if these are not thrown by the
statements inside try block.
catch(java.io.FileNotFoundException ex) {} will cause compilation error in this case as

main(args); will never throw FileNotFoundException. But Java allows to catch Exception
type, hence catch (Exception ex) {} doesn't cause any compilation error.
Soru 23: Atlandı
2.
3. import java.util.function.Predicate;
4.
7. String [] arr = {"A", "ab", "bab", "Aa", "bb", "baba", "aba", "Abab"};
8.
9. Predicate<String> p = s -> s.toUpperCase().substring(0,1).equals("A");
10.
11. processStringArray(arr, p);
12. }
13.
14. private static void processStringArray(String [] arr,
15. Predicate<String> predicate) {
16. for(String str : arr) {
17. if(predicate.test(str)) {
18. System.out.println(str);
19. }
20. }
21. }
22. }

A
ab
Aa
aba
Abab
(Doğru)

Compilation error

Runtime exception

A
Aa
Abab

ab
aba
Açıklama
Let us suppose test string is "aba".
Lambda expression s.toUpperCase().substring(0,1).equals("A"); means:

"aba".toUpperCase().substring(0,1).equals("A"); => "ABA".substring(0,1).equals("A"); =>
"A".equals("A"); => true.
This lambda expression returns true for any string starting with a (in lower or upper
case). Based on the lambda expression, 5 array elements passes the Predicate's test and
are printed on to the console.
Soru 24: Atlandı
1. //Test.java
3.
5.
8. LocalDate newYear = LocalDate.of(2018, 1, 1);
9. LocalDate christmas = LocalDate.of(2018, 12, 25);
10. boolean flag1 = newYear.isAfter(christmas);
11. boolean flag2 = newYear.isBefore(christmas);
12. System.out.println(flag1 + ":" + flag2);
13. }
14. }


Compilation error

true:false

An exception is thrown at runtime

false:true
(Doğru)
Açıklama
isAfter and isBefore method can be interpreted as:
Does 1st Jan 2018 come after 25th Dec 2018? No, false.
Does 1st Jan 2018 come before 25th Dec 2018? Yes, true.
Soru 25: Doğru
1. //Test.java
3.
6. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(100);
7. System.out.println(sb.length() + ":" + sb.toString().length());
8. }
9. }

100:100

100:0

16:16

16:0

0:0
(Doğru)
Açıklama
`new StringBuilder(100);` creates a StringBuilder instance, whose internal char array's
length is 100 but length() method of StringBuilder object returns the number of
characters stored in the internal array and in this case it is 0. So, `sb.length()` returns 0.
sb.toString() is the String representation of StringBuilder instance and in this case as

there are no characters inside the StringBuilder object, hence sb.toString() returns an
empty String "", so `sb.toString().length()` also returns 0.
Output is 0:0.
Soru 26: Doğru
Consider the code of Test.java file:
2.
3. class Student {
4. String name;
5. int age;
6.
7. void Student() {
8. Student("James", 25);
9. }
10.
11. void Student(String name, int age) {
13. this.age = age;
14. }
15. }
16.
19. Student s = new Student();
20. System.out.println(s.name + ":" + s.age);
21. }
22. }



James:25

Compilation error

null:0
(Doğru)
Açıklama
Methods can have same name as the class. Student() and Student(String, int) are
methods and not constructors of the class, note the void return type of these methods.
As no constructors are provided in the Student class, java compiler adds default no-arg
constructor. That is why the statement Student s = new Student(); doesn't give any
compilation error.
Default values are assigned to instance variables, hence null is assigned to name and 0 is
assigned to age.
In the output, null:0 is displayed.
Soru 27: Doğru
For the given code snippet:
List<String> list = new /*INSERT*/();
Which of the following options, if used to replace /*INSERT*/, compiles successfully?
Select 2 options.

ArrayList<>
(Doğru)

List<String>

List<>

ArrayList<String>
(Doğru)
Açıklama
List is an interface so its instance can't be created using new keyword. List<String> and
List<> will cause compilation failure.
ArrayList implements List interface, so it can be it can be used to replace /*INSERT*/.

List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>(); compiles successfully.
Starting with JDK 7, Java allows to not specify type while initializing the ArrayList. Type is
inferred from the left side of the statement.
So List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); is a valid syntax starting with JDK 7.
Soru 28: Yanlış
How many objects of Pen class are eligible for Garbage Collection at Line 4?
2.
3. class Pen {
4.
5. }
6.
7. public class TestPen {
9. new Pen(); //Line 1
10. Pen p = new Pen(); // Line 2
11. change(p); //Line 3
12. System.out.println("About to end."); //Line 4
13. }
14.
15. public static void change(Pen pen) { //Line 5
16. pen = new Pen(); //Line 6
17. }
18. }

2
(Doğru)

1
(Yanlış)

3

0
Açıklama
Object created at Line 1 becomes eligible for Garbage collection after Line 1 only, as
there are no references to it. So We have one object marked for GC.
Object created at Line 6 becomes unreachable after change(Pen) method pops out of
the STACK, and this happens after Line 3.
So at Line 4, we have two Pen objects eligible for Garbage collection: Created at Line 1
and Created at Line 6.
Soru 29: Doğru
2.
5. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Java");
6. String s1 = sb.toString();
7. String s2 = sb.toString();
8.
9. System.out.println(s1 == s2);
10. }
11. }

Compilation error


false
(Doğru)

true
Açıklama
toString() method defined in StringBuilder class doesn't use String literal rather uses the
constructor of String class to create the instance of String class.
So both s1 and s2 refer to different String instances even though their contents are
same. s1 == s2 returns false.
Soru 30: Yanlış
2.
4. char var1;
5. double var2;
6. float var3;
7.
9. Test obj = new Test();
10. System.out.println(">" + obj.var1);
13. }
14. }

1. >null
2. >0.0
3. >0.0f

1. >null
2. >0.0
3. >0.0

1. >
2. >0.0
3. >0.0
(Doğru)

1. >
2. >0.0
3. >0.0f
(Yanlış)
Açıklama
Primitive type instance variables are initialized to respective zeros (byte: 0, short: 0, int: 0,
long: 0L, float: 0.0f, double: 0.0, boolean: false, char: \u0000).
When printed on the console; byte, short, int & long prints 0, float & double print 0.0,
boolean prints false and char prints nothing or non-printable character (whitespace).
Reference type instance variables are initialized to null.
Soru 31: Doğru
Consider the following class:
2.
3. public class Employee {
4. public int passportNo; //line 2
5. }
Which of the following is the correct way to make the variable 'passportNo' read only
for any other class?

Make 'passportNo' private.

Make 'passportNo' private and provide a public method getPassportNo() which will return
its value.
(Doğru)

Remove 'public' from the 'passportNo' declaration. i.e., change line 2 to int passportNo;

Make 'passportNo' static and provide a public static method getPassportNo() which will
return its value.
Açıklama
'passportNo' should be read-only for any other class.
This means make 'passportNo' private and provide public getter method. Don't provide
public setter as then 'passportNo' will be read-write property.
If passportNo is declared with default scope, then other classes in the same package will
be able to access passportNo for read-write operation.
Soru 32: Yanlış
2.
5. System.out.println("Output is: " + 10 != 5);
6. }
7. }

Output is: 10 != 5

Output is: false
(Yanlış)

Output is: true

Compilation error
(Doğru)
Açıklama
Binary plus (+) has got higher precedence than != operator. Let us group the
expression.
"Output is: " + 10 != 5

= ("Output is: " + 10) != 5
[!= is binary operator, so we have to evaluate the left side first. + operator behaves as
concatenation operator.]
= "Output is: 10" != 5
Left side of above expression is String, and right side is int. But String can't be compared
to int, hence compilation error.
Soru 33: Atlandı
1. //Test.java
3.
5. import java.util.Iterator;
7. import java.util.function.Predicate;
8.
9. class Employee {
11. private int age;
12. private double salary;
13.
14. public Employee(String name, int age, double salary) {
16. this.age = age;
17. this.salary = salary;
18. }
19.
20. public String getName() {
21. return name;
22. }
23.
24. public int getAge() {
25. return age;
26. }
27.
28. public double getSalary() {
29. return salary;
30. }
31.
33. return name;
34. }
35. }
36.
39. List<Employee> list = new ArrayList<>();
40. list.add(new Employee("James", 25, 15000));
41. list.add(new Employee("Lucy", 23, 12000));
42. list.add(new Employee("Bill", 27, 10000));
43. list.add(new Employee("Jack", 19, 5000));
44. list.add(new Employee("Liya", 20, 8000));
45.
46. process(list, /*INSERT*/);
47.
49. }
50.
51. private static void process(List<Employee> list, Predicate<Employee> predicate) {
52. Iterator<Employee> iterator = list.iterator();
53. while(iterator.hasNext()) {
54. if(predicate.test(iterator.next()))
55. iterator.remove();
56. }
57. }
58. }
Which of the following lambda expressions, if used to replace /*INSERT*/, prints [Jack,
Liya] on to the console?
Select 2 options.

e - > e.getSalary() >= 10000

e -> e.getSalary() >= 10000
(Doğru)

e -> { e.getSalary() >= 10000 }

(Employee e) -> { return e.getSalary() >= 10000; }
(Doğru)

(e) -> { e.getSalary() >= 10000; }
Açıklama
Jack's salary is 5000 and Liya's salary is 8000. If Employee's salary is >= 10000 then that
Employee object is removed from the list.
Allowed lambda expression is:
(Employee e) -> { return e.getSalary() >= 10000; },
Can be simplified to: (e) -> { return e.getSalary() >= 10000; } => type can be removed
from left side of the expression.
Further simplified to: e -> { return e.getSalary() >= 10000; } => if there is only one
parameter in left part, then round brackets (parenthesis) can be removed.
Further simplified to: e -> e.getSalary() >= 10000 => if there is only one statement in
the right side then semicolon inside the body, curly brackets and return statement can
be removed. But all 3 [return, {}, ;] must be removed together.
NOTE: there should not be any space between - and > of arrow operator.
Soru 34: Doğru

1. //Test.java
3.
4. class Student {
5. String name;
6. int marks;
7.
8. Student(String name, int marks) {
10. this.marks = marks;
11. }
12. }
13.
16. Student student = new Student("James", 25);
17. int marks = 25;
18. review(student, marks);
19. System.out.println(marks + "-" + student.marks);
20. }
21.
22. private static void review(Student stud, int marks) {
23. marks = marks + 10;
24. stud.marks+=marks;
25. }
26. }

35-60

25-25

25-60
(Doğru)

35-25
Açıklama
In below statements: student<main> means student inside main method.
On execution of main method: student<main> --> {"James", 25}, marks<main> = 25.
On execution of review method: stud<review> --> {"James", 25} (same object referred
by student<main>), marks<review> = 25 (this marks is different from the marks defined
in main method). marks<review> = 35 and stud.marks = 60. So at the end of review
method: stud<review> --> {"James", 60}, marks<review> = 35.
Control goes back to main method: student<main> --> {"James", 60}, marks<main> =
25. Changes done to reference variable are visible in main method but changes done to
primitive variable are not reflected in main method.
Soru 35: Yanlış
1. //Test.java
3.
6. String s1 = "OCAJP";
7. String s2 = "OCAJP" + "";
8. System.out.println(s1 == s2);
9. }
10. }


false
(Yanlış)

OCAJP

true
(Doğru)

Compilation error
Açıklama
Please note that Strings computed by concatenation at compile time, will be referred by
String Pool during execution. Compile time String concatenation happens when both of
the operands are compile time constants, such as literal, final variable etc.
For the statement, String s2 = "OCAJP" + ""; , `"OCAJP" + ""` is a constant expression
as both the operands "OCAJP" and "" are String literals, which means the expression
`"OCAJP" + ""` is computed at compile-time and results in String literal "OCAJP".
So, during compilation, Java compiler translates the statement
String s2 = "OCAJP" + "";
to
String s2 = "OCAJP";
As "OCAJP" is a String literal, hence at runtime it will be referred by String Pool.
When Test class is executed,
s1 refers to "OCAJP" (String Pool object).
s2 also refers to same String pool object "OCAJP".
s1 and s2 both refer to the same String object and that is why s1 == s2 returns true.
Please note that Strings computed by concatenation at run time (if the resultant
expression is not constant expression) are newly created and therefore distinct.
For below code snippet:
String s1 = "OCAJP";
String s2 = s1 + "";
System.out.println(s1 == s2);
Output is false, as s1 is a variable and `s1 + ""` is not a constant expression, therefore
this expression is computed only at runtime and a new non-pool String object is
created.
Soru 36: Doğru
1. //Test.java
3.
6.
9. List<String> list1 = new ArrayList<>();
10. list1.add("A");
11. list1.add("D");
12.
13. List<String> list2 = new ArrayList<>();
14. list2.add("B");
15. list2.add("C");
16.
17. list1.addAll(1, list2);
18.
19. System.out.println(list1);
20. }
21. }


[A, D, B, C]

[A, D]

[A, B, C, D]
(Doğru)

[A, B, C]
Açıklama
list1 --> [A, D],
list2 --> [B, C],
list1.addAll(1, list2); is almost equal to list1.add(1, [B, C]); => Inserts B at index 1, C takes
index 2 and D is moved to index 3. list1 --> [A, B, C, D]
Soru 37: Doğru
2.
5.
8. List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
9. list.add(100);
10. list.add(200);
11. list.add(100);
12. list.add(200);
13. list.remove(100);
14.
16. }
17. }

Compilation error

[100, 200, 200]

[200, 100, 200]

[200]

[200, 200]

Exception is thrown at runtime
(Doğru)
Açıklama
List cannot accept primitives, it can accept objects only. So, when 100 and 200 are
added to the list, then auto-boxing feature converts these to wrapper objects of Integer
type.
So, 4 items gets added to the list. One can expect the same behavior with remove
method as well that 100 will be auto-boxed to Integer object.
But remove method is overloaded in List interface: remove(int) => Removes the element
from the specified position in this list
and remove(Object) => Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from the
list.
As remove(int) version is available, which perfectly matches with the call remove(100);
hence compiler does not do auto-boxing in this case.
But at runtime remove(100) tries to remove the element at 100th index and this throws
IndexOutOfBoundsException.
Soru 38: Yanlış
1. //Test.java
3.
5. import java.util.Iterator;
7.
10. List<String> dryFruits = new ArrayList<>();
11. dryFruits.add("Walnut");
12. dryFruits.add("Apricot");
13. dryFruits.add("Almond");
14. dryFruits.add("Date");
15.
16. Iterator<String> iterator = dryFruits.iterator();
17. while(iterator.hasNext()) {
18. String dryFruit = iterator.next();
19. if(dryFruit.startsWith("A")) {
20. dryFruits.remove(dryFruit);
21. }
22. }
23.
24. System.out.println(dryFruits);
25. }
26. }


Compilation error
(Yanlış)

[Walnut, Apricot, Almond, Date]

(Doğru)

[Walnut, Date]
Açıklama
ConcurrentModificationException exception may be thrown for following condition:
1. Collection is being iterated using Iterator/ListIterator or by using for-each loop.
And
2. Execution of Iterator.next(), Iterator.remove(), ListIterator.previous(), ListIterator.set(E)

& ListIterator.add(E) methods. These methods may throw
java.util.ConcurrentModificationException in case Collection had been modified by
means other than the iterator itself, such as Collection.add(E) or
Collection.remove(Object) or List.remove(int) etc.
For the given code, 'dryFruits' list is being iterated using the Iterator<String>.
hasNext() method of Iterator has following implementation:
public boolean hasNext() {

return cursor != size;
}
Where cursor is the index of next element to return and initially it is 0.
1st Iteration: cursor = 0, size = 4, hasNext() returns true. iterator.next() increments the
cursor by 1 and returns "Walnut".
2nd Iteration: cursor = 1, size = 4, hasNext() returns true. iterator.next() increments the
cursor by 1 and returns "Apricot". As "Apricot" starts with "A", hence
dryFruits.remove(dryFruit) removes "Apricot" from the list and hence reducing the list's
size by 1, size becomes 3.
3rd Iteration: cursor = 2, size = 3, hasNext() returns true. iterator.next() method throws
java.util.ConcurrentModificationException.
If you want to remove the items from ArrayList, while using Iterator or ListIterator, then
use Iterator.remove() or ListIterator.remove() method and NOT List.remove(...) method.
Using List.remove(...) method while iterating the list (using the Iterator/ListIterator or
for-each) may throw java.util.ConcurrentModificationException.
Soru 39: Doğru
2.
5.
8. String[] names = { "Smith", "Brown", "Thomas", "Taylor", "Jones" };
9. List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
10. for (int x = 0; x < names.length; x++) {
11. list.add(names[x]);
12. switch (x) {
13. case 2:
14. continue;
15. }
16. break;
17. }
18. System.out.println(list.size());
19. }
20. }

2

None of the other options

1
(Doğru)

0

3

4

5
Açıklama
break; and continue; are used inside for-loop, hence no compilation error.
In 1st iteration, x = 0. "Smith" is added to the list. There is no matching case found,
hence control just goes after the switch-case block and executes break; statement,
which takes the control out of the for loop. `System.out.println(list.size());` is executed
and this prints 1 on to the console.
Soru 40: Atlandı
A bank's swift code is generally of 11 characters and used in international money
transfers.
An example of swift code: ICICINBBRT4
ICIC: First 4 letters for bank code
IN: Next 2 letters for Country code
BB: Next 2 letters for Location code
RT4: Next 3 letters for Branch code
Which of the following code correctly extracts country code from the swift code referred
by String reference variable swiftCode?

swiftCode.substring(4, 6);
(Doğru)



Açıklama
substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex) is used to extract the substring. The substring
begins at "beginIndex" and extends till "endIndex - 1".
Country code information is stored at index 4 and 5, so the correct substring method to
extract country code is: swiftCode.substring(4, 6);
Soru 41: Doğru
2.
3. class Message {
4. String msg = "Happy New Year!";
5.
6. public void print() {
7. System.out.println(msg);
8. }
9. }
10.
12. public static void change(Message m) { //Line n5
13. m = new Message(); //Line n6
14. m.msg = "Happy Holidays!"; //Line n7
15. }
16.
18. Message obj = new Message(); //Line n1
19. obj.print(); //Line n2
20. change(obj); //Line n3
21. obj.print(); //Line n4
22. }
23. }

Happy Holidays!
Happy Holidays!

Happy New Year!
Happy New Year!
(Doğru)

Happy New Year!
Happy Holidays!

null
Happy New Year!
Açıklama
It is pass-by-reference scheme.
Initially, msg = "Happy New Year!"
Call to method change(Message) doesn't modify the msg property of passed object
rather it creates another Message object and modifies the msg property of new object
to "Happy Holidays!"
So, the instance of Message referred by obj remains unchanged.
Hence in the output, you get:
Happy New Year!
Happy New Year!
Soru 42: Doğru
Consider code below:

2.
3. class PenDrive {
4. int capacity;
5. PenDrive(int capacity) {
6. this.capacity = capacity;
7. }
8. }
9.
10. class OTG extends PenDrive {
11. String type;
12. String make;
13. OTG(int capacity, String type) {
14. /*INSERT-1*/
15. }
16. OTG(String make) {
17. /*INSERT-2*/
18. this.make = make;
19. }
20. }
21.
24. OTG obj = new OTG(128, "TYPE-C");
25. System.out.println(obj.capacity + ":" + obj.type);
26. }
27. }
Currently above code causes compilation error.
Which of the options can successfully print 128:TYPE-C on to the console?

Replace /*INSERT-1*/ with:
this.type = type;
super(capacity);
super(128);


super(capacity);
this.type = type;
super(0);
(Doğru)

super(capacity);
super(128);

super.capacity = capacity;
this.type = type;
super(128);
Açıklama
Java compiler adds super(); as the first statement inside constructor, if call to another
constructor using this(...) or super(...) is not available.
Compiler adds super(); as the first line in OTG's constructor: OTG(int capacity, String
type) { super(); } but PenDrive class doesn't have a no-arg constructor and that is why
OTG's constructor causes compilation error.
For the same reason, OTG(String make) constructor also causes compilation error.
To correct these compilation errors, parent class constructor should be invoked by using
super(int); This would resolve compilation error.
Remember: Constructor call using this(...) or super(...) must be the first statement inside
the constructor.
In the main(String[]) method, OTG(int, String) constructor is invoked, which means, we

OTG(String) constructor will not be executed. So, to solve the complilation error in
OTG(String) constructor, super(0); or super(128); both will work and these will not affect
the expected output.
We have to make changes in OTG(int, String) constructor such that on execution, output
is 128:TYPE-C.
super(capacity); will only assign value to capacity property, to assign value to type
another statement is needed.
this.type = type; must be the 2nd statement.
So, /*INSERT-1*/ must be replaced with:
super(capacity);
this.type = type;
Soru 43: Atlandı
1. //Test.java
3.
4. import java.time.LocalDateTime;
5.
8. LocalDateTime obj = LocalDateTime.now();
9. System.out.println(obj.getSecond());
10. }
11. }
Which of the following statement is correct?


It will print any int value between 0 and 59
(Doğru)

It will print any int value between 1 and 60

Code compiles successfully but throws Runtime exception

Code fails to compile
Açıklama
LocalDateTime stores both date and time parts. LocalDateTime.now(); retrieves the
current date and time from the system clock. obj.getSecond() can return any value
between 0 and 59.
Soru 44: Doğru
2.
5. int x = 1;
6. while(checkAndIncrement(x)) {
7. System.out.println(x);
8. }
9. }
10.
11. private static boolean checkAndIncrement(int x) {
12. if(x < 5) {
13. x++;
14. return true;
15. } else {
16. return false;
17. }
18. }
19. }

Infinite loop
(Doğru)

2
3
4
5

1
2
3
4
5

1
2
3
4
Açıklama
x of checkAndIncrement method contains the copy of variable x defined in main
method. So, changes done to x in checkAndIncrement method are not reflected in the
variable x of main. x of main remains 1 as code inside main is not changing its value.
Every time checkAndIncrement method is invoked with argument value 1, so true is

returned always and hence while loop executes indefinitely.
Soru 45: Doğru
2.
5. short [] args = new short[]{50, 50};
6. args[0] = 5;
7. args[1] = 10;
8. System.out.println("[" + args[0] + ", " + args[1] + "]");
9. }
10. }

[5, 10]

Compilation error
(Doğru)


[50, 50]
Açıklama
main method's parameter variable name is "args" and it is a local to main method.
So, same name "args" can't be used directly within the curly brackets of main method.
short [] args = new short[]{50, 50}; gives compilation error for using same name for local
variable.
Soru 46: Doğru
Given the code of Test.java file:
2.
3. class Point {
4. int x;
5. int y;
6. void assign(int x, int y) {
7. x = this.x;
8. this.y = y;
9. }
10.
12. return "Point(" + x + ", " + y + ")";
13. }
14. }
15.
18. Point p1 = new Point();
19. p1.x = 10;
20. p1.y = 20;
21. Point p2 = new Point();
22. p2.assign(p1.x, p1.y);
23. System.out.println(p1.toString() + ";" + p2.toString());
24. }
25. }


Point(0, 20);Point(10, 20)

Point(0, 20);Point(0, 20)

Point(10, 20);Point(10, 20)

Point(10, 20);Point(0, 20)
(Doğru)

Açıklama
HINT: First check if members are accessible or not. All the codes are in same file
Test.java, and Point class & variable x, y are declared with default modifier hence these
can be accessed within the same package. Class Test belongs to same package so no
issues in accessing Point class and instance variables of Point class. Make use of pen and
paper to draw the memory diagrams (heap and stack). It will be pretty quick to reach
the result.
Point p1 = new Point(); means p1.x = 0 and p1.y = 0 as instance variable are initialized
to respective zeros.
p1.x = 10; means replace 0 with 10 in p1.x,

p1.y = 20; means replace 0 with 20 in p1.y,
Point p2 = new Point(); means p2.x = 0 and p2.y = 0 as instance variable are initialized
to respective zeros.
p2.assign(p1.x, p1.y); invokes the assign method, parameter variable x = 10 and y = 20.
As assign is invoked on p2 reference variable hence this and p2 refers to same Point
object.
x = this.x; means assign 0 to parameter variable x, no changes in this.y, which means

p2.x is unchanged.
this.y = y; means assign 20 to this.y, which means p2.y is now 20
So after assign method is invoked and control goes back to main method: p1.x = 10,
p1.y = 20, p2.x = 0 and p2.y = 20.
Output is: Point(10, 20);Point(0, 20)
Soru 47: Yanlış
Consider codes below:
1. //A.java
3.
4. public class A {
6. System.out.println("A");
7. }
8. }
1. //B.java
3.
4. public class B extends A {
6. System.out.println("B");
7. }
8. }
1. //Test.java
2. package com.udayan.oca.test;
3.
4. import com.udayan.oca.*;
5.
8. A obj1 = new A();
9. B obj2 = (B)obj1;
10. obj2.print();
11. }
12. }


A

Compilation error
(Yanlış)

B

ClassCastException is thrown at runtime
(Doğru)
Açıklama
Class A and B are declared public and inside same package com.udayan.oca. Method
print() of class A has correctly been overridden by B.
print() method is public so no issues in accessing it anywhere.
Let's check the code inside main method.
A obj1 = new A(); => obj1 refers to an instance of class A.
B obj2 = (B)obj1; => obj1 is of type A and it is assigned to obj2 (B type), hence explicit
casting is necessary. obj1 refers to an instance of class A, so at runtime obj2 will also
refer to an instance of class A. sub type can't refer to an object of super type so at
runtime B obj2 = (B)obj1; will throw ClassCastException.
Soru 48: Yanlış
1. //Test.java
3.
5.
6. class Counter {
7. int count;
8. Counter(int count) {
9. this.count = count;
10. }
11.
13. return "Counter-" + count;
14. }
15. }
16.
19. ArrayList<Counter> original = new ArrayList<>();
20. original.add(new Counter(10));
21.
22. ArrayList<Counter> cloned = (ArrayList<Counter>) original.clone();
23. cloned.get(0).count = 5;
24.
25. System.out.println(original);
26. }
27. }


[Counter-10]
(Yanlış)


[Counter-5]
(Doğru)

Compilation error
Açıklama
Let's see what is happening during execution:
main(String [] args) method goes on to the top of the STACK.
1. ArrayList<Counter> original = new ArrayList<>(); => It creates an ArrayList

object [suppose at memory location 15EE00] and variable 'original' refers to it.
2. original.add(new Counter(10)); => It creates a Counter object [suppose at

memory location 25AF06] and adds it as a first element of the ArrayList. This means
element at 0th index of the ArrayList instance refers to Counter object at the memory
location 25AF06.
3. ArrayList<Counter> cloned = (ArrayList<Counter>) original.clone(); =>

original.clone() creates a new array list object, [suppose at memory location 45BA12]
and then it will copy the contents of the ArrayList object stored at [15EE00]. So, cloned
contains memory address of the same Counter object.
In this case, original != cloned, but original.get(0) == cloned.get(0). This means both the
array lists are created at different memory location but refer to same Counter object.
4. cloned.get(0).count = 5; => cloned.get(0) returns the Counter object stored at

the memory location 25AF06 and .count = 5 means change the value of count variable
of the Counter object (stored at memory location 25AF06) to 5.
5. System.out.println(original); Prints the element of ArrayList original, which is:

{25AF06} and toString() method prints: [Counter-5] as Counter object referred by
[25AF06] is [Counter object (5)].
Soru 49: Doğru
Which of the following correctly defines class Printer?

1. import java.util.*;
3. public class Printer {
4.
5. }

3. }

1. /* Java Developer Comments. */
4.
5. }
(Doğru)

2.
3. }
Açıklama
If package is used then it should be the first statement, but javadoc and developer
comments are not considered as java statements so a class can have developer and
javadoc comments before the package statement.
If import and package both are available, then correct order is package, import, class
declaration.
Soru 50: Doğru
2. static {
3. System.out.println(1/0);
4. }
5.
7. System.out.println("HELLO");
8. }
9. }
On execution, does Test class print "HELLO" on to the console?


No, HELLO is not printed on the console
(Doğru)

Yes, HELLO is printed on to the console
Açıklama
To invoke the special main method, JVM loads the class in the memory. At that time,
static initializer block is invoked. 1/0 throws a RuntimeException and as a result static
initializer block throws an instance of java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError.
Soru 51: Doğru
2.
5. String str1 = new String("Core");
6. String str2 = new String("CoRe");
7. System.out.println(str1 = str2);
8. }
9. }

Core

true

false

CoRe
(Doğru)
Açıklama
System.out.println(str1 = str2) has assignment(=) operator and not equality(==)
operator.
After the assignment, str1 refers to "CoRe" and System.out.println prints "CoRe" to the
console.
Soru 52: Doğru
Consider 3 files:
1. //Order.java
2. package orders;
3.
4. public class Order {
5.
6. }
1. //Item.java
2. package orders.items;
3.
4. public class Item {
5.
6. }
1. //Shop.java
2. package shopping;
3.
4. /*INSERT*/
5.
6. public class Shop {
7. Order order = null;
8. Item item = null;
9. }
For the class Shop, which options, if used to replace /*INSERT*/, will resolve all the
compilation errors?
Select 2 options.

1. import orders.Order;
2. import orders.items.Item;
(Doğru)

import orders.items.*;

1. import orders.*;
2. import items.*;

1. import orders.*;
2. import orders.items.*;
(Doğru)

import orders.*;
Açıklama
If you check the directory structure, you will find that directory "orders" contains "items",
but orders and orders.items are different packages.import orders.*; will only import all
the classes in orders package but not in orders.items package.
You need to import Order and Item classes. To import Order class, use either import
orders.Order; OR import orders.*; and to import Item class, use either import
orders.items.Item; OR import orders.items.*;
Soru 53: Atlandı
2.
4. import java.time.Month;
7.
10. List<LocalDate> dates = new ArrayList<>();
11. dates.add(LocalDate.parse("2018-07-11"));
12. dates.add(LocalDate.parse("1919-02-25"));
13. dates.add(LocalDate.of(2020, 4, 8));
14. dates.add(LocalDate.of(1980, Month.DECEMBER, 31));
15.
16. dates.removeIf(x -> x.getYear() < 2000);
17.
18. System.out.println(dates);
19. }
20. }

[2018-07-11, 1919-02-25, 2020-04-08, 1980-12-31]

[1919-02-25, 1980-12-31]

[2018-07-11, 2020-04-08]
(Doğru)

Runtime exception
Açıklama
LocalDate objects can be created by using static method parse and of.
removeIf(Predicate) method was added as a default method in Collection interface in

JDK 8 and it removes all the elements of this collection that satisfy the given predicate.
Predicate's test method returns true for all the LocalDate objects with year less than
2000. So all the LocalDate objects with year value less than 2000 are removed from the
list. Remaining LocalDate objects are printed in their insertion order.
Soru 54: Yanlış
For the class Test, which options, if used to replace /*INSERT*/, will print "Hurrah! I
passed..." on to the console? Select 2 options.
2. /*INSERT*/ {
3. System.out.println("Hurrah! I passed...");
4. }
5. }

public void main(String [] args)

static public void Main(String [] args)

public static void main(String [] a)
(Doğru)

static public void main(String [] args)
(Doğru)

public void static main(String [] args)

protected static void main(String [] args)
(Yanlış)
Açıklama
As System.out.println needs to be executed on executing the Test class, this means
special main method should replace /*INSERT*/.
Special main method's name should be "main" (all characters in lower case), should be
static, should have public access specifier and it accepts argument of String [] type.
String [] argument can use any identifier name, even though in most of the cases you
will see "args" is used.
Position of static and public can be changed but return type must come just before the
method name.
Soru 55: Yanlış
2.
4. private static void m(int x) {
5. System.out.println("int version");
6. }
7.
8. private static void m(char x) {
9. System.out.println("char version");
10. }
11.
13. int i = '5';
14. m(i);
15. m('5');
16. }
17. }

char version
int version

char version
char version

int version
char version
(Doğru)

int version
int version

Compilation error
(Yanlış)
Açıklama
Method m is overloaded. Which overloaded method to invoke is decided at compile
time. m(i) is tagged to m(int) as i is of int type and m('5') is tagged to m(char) as '5' is
char literal.
Soru 56: Atlandı
Which of the following is a checked Exception?

RuntimeException

FileNotFoundException
(Doğru)

ExceptionInInitializerError

ClassCastException
Açıklama
ClassCastException extends RuntimeException (unchecked exception),
FileNotFoundException extends IOException, IOException extends Exception (checked

exception),
ExceptionInInitializerError is from Error family and is thrown by an static initializer block,
RuntimeException and all its sub classes are unchecked exceptions.
Soru 57: Yanlış
2.
5. byte var = 100;
6. switch(var) {
7. case 100:
8. System.out.println("var is 100");
9. break;
10. case 200:
11. System.out.println("var is 200");
12. break;
13. default:
14. System.out.println("In default");
15. }
16. }
17. }

In default

Compilation error
(Doğru)

var is 200

var is 100
(Yanlış)
Açıklama
case values must evaluate to the same type / compatible type as the switch expression
can use.
switch expression can accept following:
char or Character
byte or Byte
short or Short
int or Integer
An enum only from Java 6
A String expression only from Java 7
In this case, switch expression [switch (var)] is of byte type.
byte range is from -128 to 127. But in case expression [case 200], 200 is outside byte
range and hence compilation error.
Soru 58: Yanlış
Given code:
2.
5. String [] arr = {"I", "N", "S", "E", "R", "T"};
6. for(/*INSERT*/) {
7. if (n % 2 == 0) {
8. continue;
9. }
10. System.out.print(arr[n]); //Line n1
11. }
12. }
13. }
And below options:
1. int n = 0; n < arr.length; n += 1
2. int n = 0; n <= arr.length; n += 1
3. int n = 1; n < arr.length; n += 2
4. int n = 1; n <= arr.length; n += 2

How many above options can be used to replace /*INSERT*/, such that on execution,
code will print NET on to the console?

All four options
(Doğru)

Only three options

Only one option


Only two options
(Yanlış)
Açıklama
From the given array, if you print the elements at 1st, 3rd and 5th indexes, then you will
get expected output.
Also note that, for values of n = 0, 2, 4, 6; Line n1 would not be executed, which means
even if the value of n is 6, above code will not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.
For 1st option [int n = 0; n < arr.length; n += 1], values of n used: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and
because of continue; statement, Line n1 will not execute for 0, 2 & 4 and it will execute
only for 1, 3 & 5 and therefore NET will be printed.
For 2nd option [int n = 0; n <= arr.length; n += 1], values of n used: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and
because of continue; statement, Line n1 will not execute for 0, 2, 4 & 6 and it will
execute only for 1, 3 & 5 and therefore NET will be printed.
For 3rd option [int n = 1; n < arr.length; n += 2], values of n used: 1, 3, 5 and therefore
NET will be printed.
For 4th option [int n = 1; n <= arr.length; n += 2], values of n used: 1, 3, 5 and therefore
NET will be printed.
Hence, all the 4 options are valid.
Soru 59: Doğru
Which of these access modifiers can be used for a top level interface?

private

protected

All of the other options

public
(Doğru)
Açıklama
A top level interface can be declared with either public or default modifiers.
public interface is accessible across all packages but interface declared with default
modifier and be accessed in the defining package only.
Soru 60: Atlandı
1. //Test.java
3.
5.
6. class MyLocalDate extends LocalDate {
7. @Override
9. return super.getDayOfMonth() + "-" + super.getMonthValue() +
10. "-" + super.getYear();
11. }
12. }
13.
16. MyLocalDate date = LocalDate.parse("1980-03-16");
17. System.out.println(date);
18. }
19. }


16-3-1980

Compilation error
(Doğru)

1980-03-16

16-03-1980

Açıklama
LocalDate is a final class so cannot be extended.
Soru 61: Atlandı
1. //Test.java
3.
4. import java.time.Period;
5.
8. Period period = Period.of(0, 0, 0);
9. System.out.println(period);
10. }
11. }


p0y0m0d

p0d

P0D
(Doğru)

P0Y0M0D
Açıklama
Period.of(0, 0, 0); is equivalent to Period.ZERO. ZERO period is displayed as P0D, other
than that, Period components (year, month, day) with 0 values are ignored.
toString()'s result starts with P, and for non-zero year, Y is appended; for non-zero
month, M is appended; and for non-zero day, D is appended. P,Y,M and D are in upper
case.
NOTE: Period.parse(CharSequence) method accepts the String parameter in "PnYnMnD"

format, over here P,Y,M and D can be in any case.
Soru 62: Doğru
Consider codes below:
1. //A.java
3.
4. public class A {
5. public int i1 = 1;
6. protected int i2 = 2;
7. }
1. //B.java
3.
4. import com.udayan.oca.A;
5.
6. public class B extends A {
8. A obj = new A();
9. System.out.println(obj.i1); //Line 8
10. System.out.println(obj.i2); //Line 9
11. System.out.println(this.i2); //Line 10
12. System.out.println(super.i2); //Line 11
13. }
14.
16. new B().print();
17. }
18. }
One of the statements inside print() method is causing compilation failure. Which of the
below solutions will help to resolve compilation error?

Comment the statement at Line 9
(Doğru)



Açıklama
class A is declared public and defined in com.udayan.oca package, there is no problem
in accessing class A outside com.udayan.oca package.
class B is defined in com.udayan.oca.test package, to extend from class A either use
import statement "import com.udayan.oca.A;" or fully qualified name of the class
com.udayan.oca.A. No issues with this class definition as well.
Variable i1 is declared public in class A, so Line 8 doesn't cause any compilation error.
Variable i2 is declared protected so it can only be accessed in subclass using inheritance
but not using object reference variable. obj.i2 causes compilation failure.
class B inherits variable i2 from class A, so inside class B it can be accessed by using
either this or super. Line 10 and Line 11 don't cause any compilation error.
Soru 63: Doğru
Below is the code of Test.java file:
2.
5.
8. List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
9. list.add(new Integer(2));
12.
13. list.remove(list.indexOf(0));
14.
16. }
17. }


Compilation error

[2, 1]
(Doğru)

[1, 0]

Açıklama
remove method of List interface is overloaded: remove(int) and remove(Object).
indexOf method accepts argument of Object type, in this case list.indexOf(0) => 0 is
auto-boxed to Integer object so no issues with indexOf code. list.indexOf(0) returns 2
(index at which 0 is stored in the list). So list.remove(list.indexOf(0)); is converted to
list.remove(2);
remove(int) version is matched, it's a direct match so compiler doesn't do auto-boxing

in this case. list.remove(2) removes the element at index 2, which is 0.
Hence in the output, you get [2, 1].
Soru 64: Doğru
2.
5. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
6. System.out.println(sb.append(null).length());
7. }
8. }

Compilation error
(Doğru)

4

NullPointerException is thrown at runtime

1
Açıklama
'append' method is overloaded in StringBuilder class: append(String),
append(StringBuffer) and append(char[]) etc.
In this case compiler gets confused as to which method `append(null)` can be tagged
because String, StringBuffer and char[] are not related to each other in multilevel
inheritance. Hence `sb.append(null)` causes compilation error.
Soru 65: Atlandı
1. //Test.java
3.
5. import java.time.Period;
6. import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
7.
10. LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(2012, 1, 11);
11. Period period = Period.ofMonths(2);
12. DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("MM-dd-yy");
13. System.out.print(formatter.format(date.minus(period)));
14. }
15. }


11-11-11
(Doğru)

01-11-12

Runtime exception

11-11-12

01-11-11
Açıklama
date --> {2012-01-11}, period --> {P2M}, date.minus(period) --> {2011-11-11} [subtract
2 months period from {2012-01-11}, month is changed to 11 and year is changed to
2011].
formatter -> {MM-dd-yy}, when date {2011-11-11} is formatter in this format 11-11-11
is printed on to the console.
Soru 66: Yanlış
2.
5. String fruit = "mango";
6. switch (fruit) {
7. default:
8. System.out.println("ANY FRUIT WILL DO");
9. case "Apple":
10. System.out.println("APPLE");
11. case "Mango":
12. System.out.println("MANGO");
13. case "Banana":
14. System.out.println("BANANA");
15. break;
16. }
17. }
18. }

MANGO
BANANA
(Yanlış)

ANY FRUIT WILL DO
APPLE
MANGO
BANANA
(Doğru)

MANGO

ANY FRUIT WILL DO
Açıklama
"mango" is different from "Mango", so there is no matching case available. default block
is executed, "ANY FRUIT WILL DO" is printed on to the screen.
No break statement inside default, hence control enters in fall-through and executes
remaining blocks until the break; is found or switch block ends.
So in this case, it prints APPLE, MANGO, BANANA one after another and break;
statement takes control out of switch block. main method ends and program terminates
successfully.
Soru 67: Doğru
2.
3. import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
4. import java.io.IOException;
5.
6. abstract class Super {
7. public abstract void m1() throws IOException;
8. }
9.
10. class Sub extends Super {
11. @Override
12. public void m1() throws IOException {
13. throw new FileNotFoundException();
14. }
15. }
16.
19. Super s = new Sub();
20. try {
21. s.m1();
22. } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
23. System.out.print("M");
24. } finally {
25. System.out.print("N");
26. }
27. }
28. }

MN

Program ends abruptly

N

Compilation error
(Doğru)
Açıklama
Even though an instance of FileNotFoundException is thrown by method m1() at
runtime, but method m1() declares to throw IOException.
Reference variable s is of Super type and hence for compiler, call to s.m1(); is to method
m1() of Super, which throws IOException.
And as IOException is checked exception hence calling code should handle it.
As calling code doesn't handle IOException or its super type, so s.m1(); gives
compilation error.
Soru 68: Yanlış
1. //Test.java
3.
5.
8. LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(2020, 9, 31);
9. System.out.println(date);
10. }
11. }


2020-09-30

2020-10-01

(Doğru)

Compilation error
(Yanlış)
Açıklama
LocalDate.of(...) method first validates year, then month and finally day of the month.
September can't have 31 days so LocalDate.of(...) method throws an instance of

java.time.DateTimeException class.
Soru 69: Doğru
2.
3. import java.time.LocalTime;
4.
7. LocalTime time = LocalTime.of(16, 40);
8. String amPm = time.getHour() >= 12 ? (time.getHour() == 12) ? "PM" : "AM";
9. System.out.println(amPm);
10. }
11. }

AM


PM

Compilation error
(Doğru)
Açıklama
This question is on ternary operator (?:). If an expression has multiple ternary operators
then number of ? and : should match.
Given expression contains 2 ? and 1 : and hence Compilation Error.

Soru 70: Doğru
1. //Test.java
3.
4. abstract class Animal {
6.
7. Animal(String name) {
9. }
10.
11. public String getName() {
12. return name;
13. }
14. }
15.
16. class Dog extends Animal {
17. private String breed;
18. Dog(String breed) {
19. this.breed = breed;
20. }
21.
22. Dog(String name, String breed) {
23. super(name);
24. this.breed = breed;
25. }
26.
27. public String getBreed() {
28. return breed;
29. }
30. }
31.
34. Dog dog1 = new Dog("Beagle");
35. Dog dog2 = new Dog("Bubbly", "Poodle");
36. System.out.println(dog1.getName() + ":" + dog1.getBreed() + ":" +
37. dog2.getName() + ":" + dog2.getBreed());
38. }
39. }

Compilation error for Animal(String) constructor

Compilation error for Dog(String, String) constructor

:Beagle:Bubbly:Poodle

null:Beagle:Bubbly:Poodle

Compilation error for Dog(String) constructor
(Doğru)

Compilation error for Animal Class
Açıklama
abstract class can have constructors and it also possible to have abstract class without
any abstract method. So, there is no issue with Animal class.
Java compiler adds super(); as the first statement inside constructor, if call to another
constructor using this(...) or super(...) is not available.
Inside Animal class Constructor, compiler adds super(); => Animal(String name)
{ super(); this.name = name; }, super() in this case invokes the no-arg constructor of
Object class and hence no compilation error here.
Compiler changes Dog(String) constructor to: Dog(String breed) { super(); this.breed =

breed; }. No-arg constructor is not available in Animal class and as another constructor
is provided, java compiler doesn't add default constructor. Hence Dog(String)
constructor gives compilation error.
There is no issue with Dog(String, String) constructor.

Java Oca Test 1 Neticeler

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Soru 1:

Which of the following options accurately fill in the blanks above?

What will be the result of compiling and executing Test class?

2. A boolean variable. e.g. flag

3. A boolean literal: true or false

4. A boolean assignment. e.g. flag = true

Line 3 in this case causes compilation error.

-100; [a = 101] -100 is printed on to the console.

public class java.lang.Error extends ________________ {...}

What will be the result of compiling and executing Test class?

date.atTime(LocalTime) method creates a LocalDateTime instance by combining date

And below statements:

1. short arr [] = new short[2];

2. byte [] arr = new byte[10];

3. short [] arr; arr = new short[3];

4. short [2] arr;

6. int [] arr = new int[]{100, 100};

7. int [] arr = new int[]{0, 0, 0, 0};

8. short [] arr = {};

9. short [] arr = new short[2]{5, 10};

1. short arr [] = new short[2]; => ✗

2. byte [] arr = new byte[10]; => ✓

3. short [] arr; arr = new short[3]; => ✓

4. short [2] arr; ✗

5. short [3] arr; ✗

6. int [] arr = new int[]{100, 100}; => ✗

7. int [] arr = new int[]{0, 0, 0, 0}; => ✓

8. short [] arr = {}; => ✗

9. short [] arr = new short[2]{5, 10}; => ✗

What will be the result of compiling and executing Test class?

remove(Object) method removes the first occurrence of matching object and

Above code is currently giving compilation error. Which 2 modifications, done

What will be the result of compiling and executing Test class?

remove method is overloaded: remove(int) and remove(Object). char can be easily

What will be the result of compiling and executing Test class?

So, first null will be printed on to the console.

Therefore output will be:

<Some text containing @ symbol>

And the commands:

java Guest Clare Waight Keller

What is the result?

To calculate arr[0] + arr[1], java runtime converts the expression to arr[0].doubleValue()

str.equals(sb) => String class overrides equals(Object) method but as "sb" is of

false:false is printed on to the console.

catch(java.io.FileNotFoundException ex) {} will cause compilation error in this case as

Lambda expression s.toUpperCase().substring(0,1).equals("A"); means:

What will be the result of compiling and executing Test class?

sb.toString() is the String representation of StringBuilder instance and in this case as

What will be the result of compiling and executing Test class?

In the output, null:0 is displayed.

List<String> list = new /*INSERT*/();

Which of the following options, if used to replace /*INSERT*/, compiles successfully?

ArrayList implements List interface, so it can be it can be used to replace /*INSERT*/.

So List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); is a valid syntax starting with JDK 7.

Reference type instance variables are initialized to null.

"Output is: " + 10 != 5

= "Output is: 10" != 5

(Employee e) -> { return e.getSalary() >= 10000; },

What will be the result of compiling and executing Test class?

On execution of main method: student<main> --> {"James", 25}, marks<main> = 25.

List<String> list = new /INSERT/();

Which of the following options, if used to replace /INSERT/, compiles successfully?

ArrayList implements List interface, so it can be it can be used to replace /INSERT/.

So, /INSERT-1/ must be replaced with: