VIRGEN MILAGROSA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Dr. Martin P. Posadas Ave., San Carlos City Pangasinan
General Mathematics
Content: FUNCTION
Representations of Functions
Evaluating Functions
Operations on Functions
Rational Functions
Platform: Online Learning
Learning Competencies:
Represents real-life situations using function.
Evaluates a function.
Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and composition of
function.
Solve and represents rational function through its table of values, graph and
equation.
Finds domain and range of a rational functions.
Learning Objectives: At the end of the module, you will be able to:
1. Distinguish different kinds of functions.
2. Evaluate functions.
3. Share examples of real-life situations which can be represented using functions.
4. Able to solve problems involving different kinds of functions.
.
Introduction
Algebra gives us the opportunity to examine and describe relationships. Imagine
throwing a ball straight into the air and watching it rise to its highest point before falling back
into your hands. The height of the ball changes with time. There is a relationship between the
elapsed time since the throw and the height of the ball.
In mathematics, correspondence between variables that change together (such as time and
height) is called a relationship. Some, but not all, relationships can also be described as
functions.
Lesson Proper:
Real-Life Examples of Relations
Members of your family and their ages.
The pairing of a province with its governor
Can you give more examples?
Terms for Review
Relations Functions
A relation is a rule that relates values from a A function is a relation where to each element
set of values (called range). in the domain is related to only one value in the
range by some rule
The elements of the domain can be imagined as The elements of the domain can be imagined as
input to machine that applies a rule to these input to machine that applies a rule to these
inputs to generate one or more outputs. inputs to generate only one output.
A relation is also a set of ordered pairs (x,y). A function is a set of ordered pairs (x,y) such
that no two ordered pairs have the same x-
value but different y-values.
Domain – set of permissible input values (x values/independent variables)
Range – set of output values (y-values/dependent variables)
Illustration
As illustrated above, can you determine the images a single/unique output?
Answer: A, C and D. Have the class explain why and why is not part.
REPRESENTATIONS OF FUNCTIONS
Mapping Diagram
Table of Values
Graph
a b
Equation
y = x2 + 1
Rule of Correspondence
f (x) x2 + 1, x = 1, 2, 3, 4
Set of Ordered Pairs
{(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (2,6), (3,4)}
REVIEW EXERCISES
Which of the following relations are functions?
a. F = (1,2), (2,2), (3,5), (4,5)
b. G = (1,3), (1,4), (2,5), (2,6), (3,7)
c. H = (1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9)… (n,3n), ….
Solution: The relation of f and h are functions because no two ordered pairs are the same x-value
but different y-values, while g is not a function because (1,3) and (1,4) are ordered of pairs with
the same x-value but different y-value.
Function as a Graph
Which of the following graphs can be graphs of function?
a b
Solution: Graph A is a function and graph B is not a function because it does not pass vertical
line test.
Function or Not?
1. ____________________ 2._____________________
Solution: No.1 and 2 is a function because in passes vertical line test
A.__________________ B.___________________
C.________________________ D.______________________
Solution: Functions are A and B because it corresponded one to one each values. But C does no a
function because input 0 correspond output -2 and 1 (one to many) And D also does not
corresponded a function because input 3 have an output to 0 to 6 which is one to many.
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS – is a process of the value of the dependent variables y = f (x)
that corresponds to a specific value of an independent variable x is found by substituting x into
the function, then, simplifying the expression.
Examples A: y = 3x – 2 if x = -1
y denotes to f(x) f(x) = 3x-2
= 3(-1) – 2
= -3 – 2
= -5
Therefore the values can be written as ordered of pairs (-1, -5)
Examples B: Given y = x2 + 3x + 5 if x = (x+3)
f ( x ) = x2 + 3x + 5
f (x+3) = (x+3)2 + 3(x+3) + 5
= x2 +6x + 9 + 3x + 9 + 5
= x2 + 9x + 23
Examples C:
f (x) = 2x + 1 if f(3x-1)
f(3x-1) = 2( 3x-1) + 1
= 6x - 2 + 1
= 6x - 1
q (x) = x2 -2x + 2 if f(2x + 3)
q (2x + 3) = (2x + 3)2 – 2(2x +3) + 2
= (2x + 3) (2x + 3) – 4x - 6 + 2
= 4x2 + 6x + 6x + 9 – 4x - 6 + 2
= 4x2 + 12x + 9 – 4x - 6 + 2
= 4x2 + 8x +5
OPERATIONAL FUNCTIONS
Rule 1: Sum, f + g (x) = f(x) + g(x)
2: Difference, f – g (x) = f(x) - g(x)
3: Product, f * g (x) = f(x) * g(x)
f f (x )
4: Quotient, (x) =
g g ( x)
Examples: Determine the following functions
f(x) = x + 3 g(x) = x2 + 2x – 8
x+7
p(x) = 2x – 7 h(x) =
2−x
x−2
v(x) = x2 + 5x + 4 t(x) =
x+3
v
a. v + g (x) b. f * p (x) c. p – f (x) d. (x)
g
Answer: a. v(x) + g(x) = (x2 + 5x + 4) + (x2 + 2x – 8)
= 2x2 + 7x – 4
b. f (x) * p (x) = (x + 3) * (2x – 7)
= 2x2 -7x + 6x – 21
= 2x2 - x – 21
c. p (x) – f (x) = (2x – 7) – (x + 3)
= x – 10
v (x )
d. = (x2 + 5x + 4) ÷ (x2 + 2x – 8)
g ( x)
x 2+5 x+ 4 x 2+2 x – 8
= x
1 1
x 2+ 5 x + 4
=
x 2+2 x – 8
What you have leaned?
You distinguish the difference between relation and function.
You know different representation of function.
You learned how to evaluate function and this is by substituting the value of x with the
given domain and evaluate through solving and using laws of algebra.
ACTIVITY
Write function or not function the given set of ordered pairs.
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
The function f is described by the following formula
1. f(x)=3x2−2x3
2. f(x)=5−4x
3. f(x)=4−x
Calculate the value of f(−5)
Identify the Mapping below which function or not function
Perform the operations of function
Given f(x) = 2x3 – 5x + 4 and g(x) = 3x2 + 2x – 6, find f + g (x).
5 x−2 −7+3
Given f(x) = and g(x) = , find f - g (x).
3 4
3 x 2−2 x−6 3 x 2+ x−2
Given f(x) = and g(x) = , find f * g (x).
9 x 2−4 x 2−2 x−3
2 x +1 f
Given f(x) = 2x + 1 and g(x) = , find (x)
x−1 g
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