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    Exam 2 Formula - Sheet

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    Billy
    This formula sheet contains equations and definitions for thermodynamics concepts including: 1) The first and second laws of thermodynamics, equations of energy for a control volume, and definitions of work and heat transfer. 2) Equations of state for ideal gases relating pressure, volume, temperature, and specific heats. 3) Thermodynamic properties including enthalpy, entropy, and equations relating these properties for processes involving gases with constant specific heats. 4) Definitions of efficiency, effectiveness, and isentropic efficiency for thermodynamic cycles and components.

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    Exam 2 Formula - Sheet

    Uploaded by

    Billy
    72 views2 pages
    This formula sheet contains equations and definitions for thermodynamics concepts including: 1) The first and second laws of thermodynamics, equations of energy for a control volume, and definitions of work and heat transfer. 2) Equations of state for ideal gases relating pressure, volume, temperature, and specific heats. 3) Thermodynamic properties including enthalpy, entropy, and equations relating these properties for processes involving gases with constant specific heats. 4) Definitions of efficiency, effectiveness, and isentropic efficiency for thermodynamic cycles and components.

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    File for Exam 2 of Thermodynamics

    Original Title

    Exam 2 formula_sheet (1)

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    This formula sheet contains equations and definitions for thermodynamics concepts including: 1) The first and second laws of thermodynamics, equations of energy for a control volume, and definitions of work and heat transfer. 2) Equations of state for ideal gases relating pressure, volume, temperature, and specific heats. 3) Thermodynamic properties including enthalpy, entropy, and equations relating these properties for processes involving gases with constant specific heats. 4) Definitions of efficiency, effectiveness, and isentropic efficiency for thermodynamic cycles and components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    72 views2 pages

    Exam 2 Formula - Sheet

    Uploaded by

    Billy
    This formula sheet contains equations and definitions for thermodynamics concepts including: 1) The first and second laws of thermodynamics, equations of energy for a control volume, and definitions of work and heat transfer. 2) Equations of state for ideal gases relating pressure, volume, temperature, and specific heats. 3) Thermodynamic properties including enthalpy, entropy, and equations relating these properties for processes involving gases with constant specific heats. 4) Definitions of efficiency, effectiveness, and isentropic efficiency for thermodynamic cycles and components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Exam 2 Formula Sheet

    First Law
    ∆E = ∆KE + ∆PE + ∆U = Q −W + ∑ mi hi − ∑ me he (1)
    i e

    Vi2 Ve2
       
    dEcv
    = Q̇cv − Ẇcv + ∑ ṁi hi + + gzi − ∑ ṁe he + + gze (2)
    dt i 2 e 2

    V12 −V22
     
    dEcv
    = Q̇cv − Ẇcv + ṁ h1 − h2 + + g(z1 − z2 ) [single inlet, single exit] (3)
    dt 2
    1
    ∆KE = m(V22 −V12 ) (4)
    2

    ∆PE = mg(z2 − z1 ) (5)

    Z A
    2 A
    W= A pd (6)
    1

    Second Law
    T ds = du + pdv; T ds = dh − vd p (7)

    Z 2 
    δQ
    S2 − S1 = +σ [control mass only] (8)
    1 T b

    dScv Q̇j
    = ∑ + ∑ ṁi si − ∑ ṁe se + σ̇cv (9)
    dt j Tj i e

    dScv Q̇j
    = ∑ + ṁ(si − se ) + σ̇cv [single inlet, single exit] (10)
    dt j Tj

    Ideal Gas
    A
    Pv = RT or P = mRT (11)

    R = cp − cv ; k = cp /cv (12)

    h2 − h1 = cp (T2 − T1 ) and u2 − u1 = cv (T2 − T1 ) [constant k] (13)

    p2
    s(T2 , p2 ) − s(T1 , p1 ) = s◦ (T2 ) − s◦ (T1 ) − R ln (14)
    p1
    T2 p2
    s(T2 , p2 ) − s(T1 , p1 ) = cp ln − R ln [constant k] (15)
    T1 p1
    T2 v2
    s(T2 , v2 ) − s(T1 , v1 ) = cv ln + R ln [constant k] (16)
    T1 v1

    1
    p2 pr2 v2 vr2
    = ; = (s1 = s2 , air only) (17)
    p1 pr1 v1 vr1
    Incompressible Substances
    u2 − u1 = c(T2 − T1 ) (18)

    T2
    s2 − s1 = c ln (19)
    T1
    Performance
    Wcycle Qin Qout
    η= , β = , γ = (20)
    Qin Wcycle Wcycle
    Isentropic Efficiencies

    h1 − h2
    ηt = turbines (21)
    h1 − h2s
    h2s − h1
    ηc = compressors and pumps (22)
    h2 − h1

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