Bottled Water Industry: Business Policy

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Bottled Water Industry

Business Policy

Sean Hurley, Michael Sands & Craig Charlow


There are many profitable industries that allow its companies to make millions of dollars.

However, few are able to do so selling a product or service that is of equal or lesser quality than

the alternative. The bottled water industry has managed to do so for many years and in many

instances by merely bottling the same thing it the companies claim its product is a healthier

substitute for. It is only in recent years that the public’s eyes have been opened to the fact that

due to chemicals bottled water causes more health risks than tap water with a significantly higher

price tag. There is no sensible reason to choose bottled water over tap water.

Government regulation of bottled water is portrayed as a joke in the documentary Tapped

produced by Michael and Michelle Walrath. After several hours of research, this accusation has

been found to be unfortunately accurate. The FDA is assigned the task of monitoring the quality

and safety of all bottled water in the United States (Tapped 2010). The EPA is assigned the

greater task of monitoring municipal tap services throughout the country (EPA.gov 2010). The

problem with the FDA regulating bottled water is one person is in charge of overseeing the entire

industry. In contrast, the EPA legally requires every state to regulate its own municipal water

sources, proving to be a more effective delegation of authority. But since bottled water is

considered a “food” product, the FDA has the legal jurisdiction, even though 40 percent of

bottled water is filtered or unfiltered tap water. The FDA requires microbiological testing of

bottled water samples to occur a minimum of once per week and chemical/radiological testing

merely once a year. In these tests, specified contaminants are restricted from exceeding MCL’s

(maximum contaminant levels), depending on the dangers of the contaminant.

The bottled water industry took flight in the U.S. in 1976, when Perrier, a Nestle brand of

sparkling water, was introduced to an affluent white-collar market. This new demand for bottled

water lead to the production of competitive water brands by major corporations like Coca-Cola
and Pepsi Co. From 2004 to 2009, the United States experienced a 4.4 percent compound annual

growth rate of bottled water sales which is quite remarkable considering the 2009 volume

production of bottled water fell by 12.5 percent in the United States (Rodwan 2009). The appeal

of the bottled water industry is noted in key figures of the financials; sales $2,898,641, Net Profit

after Tax $182,614 (Industry norms 2009). These figures are in the thousands of dollars.

With the criticism this industry has been facing, major issues need to be addressed. The

realization that bottled water is not safer than tap water has seriously altered the consumers’

views. Because of this shift in opinion, many major cities have banned bottled water; including

San Francisco, Los Angeles, Phoenix, Chicago and many others (bottledwaterblues.com).

Perhaps the most crucial of issues the bottled water industry faces are the chemicals emitted from

the bottles into the water they contain and the rate of pollution which stands at 60 million bottles

per day. As this information continues to spread, more of the public will realize that “There is no

logical explanation for regular bottled water use: It costs more, offers less and pollutes our planet

unforgivingly” (Witaker 2011).

Bottled water is poorly regulated by the government, poses serious health risks from toxic

chemicals used in bottles, is very costly and contributes greatly to the global pollution problem.

Despite these facts the bottled water industry is very successful and even though it has seen a

decline across the globe of the past several years, it is predicted to become a $65 billion industry

by 2012. Something needs to be done to stop the large profits made by this industry.

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