Santa Barbara National Comprehensive High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Business Continuity and Pandemic Preparedness: Alternatives of

Entrepreneurs by Keeping the Flow of Business

A Partial Fulfillment in the Subject

Practical Research 2

First Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021

Presented by:

Balbastro, Eugene

Flores, Niel

Onate, Anna Myca

Porras, Hannah Pearl

Silvela, Neriegil

Superticioso, Jailyn Irish

12 ABM- B

Presented to:

Mrs. Claire S. Juarez

Master Teacher ll

April 2021

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, praises and thank to the God, the all mighty for his showers of
blessings throughout our research work to complete the research successfully.

We would like to express our deep and sincere gratitude to our very hardworking
Practical Research II Teacher, Mrs. Claire Juarez, Master Teacher II, for giving us the
opportunity to do research and providing us invaluable guidance throughout this
research. Her dynamism, vision, sincerity and motivation have deeply inspired us. She
has taught us the instructions to carry out the research and to present the research
works as clearly as possible.

And we also highly thankful to Ms. Zaneta Caturas for guidance and constant
supervision as well as providing us information regarding to this research.

We extremely grateful to our parents for their love, prayers, caring and sacrifices for
educating and preparing us for our future.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

Acknowledgement ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2

Table of Contents-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

CHAPTERS

I. INTRODUCTON 4
Background of the Study-------------------------------------------------------------- 5
Research Paradigm-------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
Research Objectives------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
Significance of the Study-------------------------------------------------------------- 8
Definition of Terms---------------------------------------------------------------------- 9
Scope and limitations------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 11

Introduction of RRL----------------------------------------------------------------------12

Related Literature------------------------------------------------------------------------13-15

III. METHODOLOGY 16

Research Design-------------------------------------------------------------------------17

Locale of the study-----------------------------------------------------------------------18

Respondents and Sampling Procedure--------------------------------------==---19

Research Instrument---------------------------------------------------------------------20

Data Gathering Procedure--------------------------------------------------------------21

Data Analysis Procedure-----------------------------------------------------------------22

Ethical Considerations--------------------------------------------------------------------23

IV. RESULT 24-26

V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 27-28

Reference--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------29-32

Appendices------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------33

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

These are hard times, life has changed dramatically for all of us in the past few months,
weeks, days and is now changing by even hours. What started as few news alerts at the
beginning of the year 2020 has exploded into a pandemic the likes of which we have
never encountered, not as a generation, not as people. The words fall short to describe
what the world is going through, right now. From where we stand today, it seems that the
ripple effect of this pandemic on the social and economic fronts will be long term, far-
reaching, and the world will need a lot of time to be back to how we knew it. The
situation is grave at the business front. New dynamics are being created, with lockdown
of the physical boundaries and surge in workers engaged from their home locations.
With COVID-19 spreading exponentially by the day, and no respite in sight, there‟s
plenty of evidence it will wreak havoc on both business supply chains and business
demand. The Covid-19 pandemic threatens the mental wellbeing of the entrepreneurs
who make up the backbone of our economies in unprecedented ways. This matters on
more than just a personal level, because when entrepreneurs feel well, they are more
persistent, productive and innovative, and their businesses perform better.
Understanding their resilience on how they adapt positively in the face of adversity that
will help us to understand how they may successfully navigate the current Covid-19
crisis. This includes how entrepreneurs handle the uncertainty and stress produced by
this crisis to protect their well-being and keep their businesses alive; or potentially
innovate and change their businesses to emerge even stronger. We came up with this
study to know how effective the alternative ways to the Entrepreneurs in making their
business productive and how helpful it is to increase their profit and also to determine
the most used method in keeping their business flow in this time of pandemic .
Alternative ways such as online selling, investment, trading and many more. We will also
be conducting a survey or observation to some Entrepreneur about their average
revenue using this alternative way.

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RESEARCH PARADIGM

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

BUSINESS CONTINUITY
ALTERNATIVE OF
AND PANDEMIC
ENTREPRENEURS
PREPAREDNESS

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RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Business makes the economy to grow and making progress each day despite that it is a
high financial risk, running a business gives you the chance to make more money from
your own hard work. This study aims to know what are the alternative way of
entrepreneur can use in order for their business to become more productive , which is
more effective and how helpful it is.

With this crisis, it is challenging to their part in keeping their businesses. It seeks to find
the answer to the following questions:

1. What are the alternative ways of Entrepreneur to make their business productive?

2. What are the aspects entrepreneurs should consider?

3. What is the most effective way entrepreneur can use in producing their businesses?

4. How helpful it is to entrepreneur?

5. Is it recommendable to others? Why?

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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The generalization of this study would be a great contribution to the vast knowledge in
relation to the alternatives of entrepreneurs to keep the visibility of their business through
finding alternatives in spite of this pandemic.

Furthermore, results of this research could be highly beneficial to the following:

Entrepreneurs

They refer to individuals who create a new business, bearing most of the risks and
enjoying most of rewards. The findings of this study is to provide an adequate ideas
towards handling their business in order to prolong and keep the flow of their
business through supplying them alternatives which we provide in our study.

Future business owners

They are possible individuals who plan to put up business in future basis. This study
aims to give those insights and overview about the possible problems they may face
in putting up their business this time of pandemic.

Future researchers of this study

Possible future ABM students who may come up to use this topic about Business
Alternatives. A study they can use as a guide and reference material in making their
own problem or study. Business learners can gain more competitive advantages and
it will also serve as a future guide to encourage them to write up their own research
study.

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DEFINITION OF TERMS

Alternatives
a proposition or situation offering a choice between two or more things only one of which
may be chosen (Merriam-Webster 2021). In this study, Alternative means is to look for a
substitute so that the owner will use them to continue their business and to gain profit.

Business Flow
is the process in which tasks in a business take place (Merriam-Webster 2021). In this
study, Business Flow means the progress of business amidst of pandemic.

Continuity
the fact of something continuing for a long period of time without being changed or
stopped (Merriam-Webster 2021). In this study, Continuity means the constancy of
business using alternatives of owner in making their business more productive.

Entrepreneur
is an individual who creates a new business, bearing most of the risk and enjoying most
of rewards (Merriam-Webster 2021). In this study, Entrepreneur means the owner of
the business wherein we can be able to conduct interviews in a way for us to finish the
study.

Pandemic Preparedness
is a continuous process of planning, exercising, revising and translating into action
national and sub-national pandemic preparedness and response plans (Merriam-
Webster 2021). In this study, Pandemic Preparedness will be sort of entrepreneur's
guidelines for them to continue their Business amidst of pandemic in a safe way.

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SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The focus of this study is to determine the alternatives of entrepreneur by keeping the
Flow of the business during Pandemic. The aspect looked into the effects of COVID 19
in business and entrepreneurs. It delimits that the study may not be generalized to other
entrepreneur who are no longer belong to the population of Santa Barbara, Iloilo.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

In this chapter attempts to review the relevant literature and research related to the 5
topics namely:

 Business Continuity
 Pandemic Preparedness
 Alternatives
 Entrepreneur
 Business Flow

Those topics that were included in this chapter helps in familiarizing information that are
relevant and similar to the study. The Business Continuity discusses about having a plan
to deal with difficult situations and how you can keep going under any circumstances to
your business. The findings of this study provide important information to researchers.
Pandemic Preparedness outlines practical steps that businesses can take now to
prepare for a pandemic. Given the current growing spread of coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) around the world, it is imperative that businesses review their pandemic
plans and be prepared in case this epidemic expands and affects more people and
communities. Alternatives talks about the determining of optimization and how optimal
the empowerment facing competition in the global market during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Entrepreneur is all about determining on how COVID-19 affects women Entrepreneur.
Women, who initiate, setup, organize and run the business units individually. Business
Flow talks about on how small and medium enterprises (SMEs) cope with environmental
changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic by pursuing the business model transformation
with the support of digital technologies.

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RELATED LITERATURE

Business Continuity

Bacar, Yaacob and Udin, (2015), conducted a study that aim to investigate the
moderating impact of capability on the relationship between Business Continuity
Management (BCM) factors and organizational efficiency. This paper's constructs are
based on a thorough analysis of recent literature on BCM, and organizational efficiency.
Data was collected for this study using a variety of methods, including a self-
administered approach and the delivery of questionnaires through electronic and
traditional mail. The study's target population is organizations that have ISO 27001 and
ISO 2230 certifications. The results of this study show that capability moderated the
relationship between BCM variables and organizational performance to some extent.
The findings of this study provide important information to researchers and BCM
practitioners about the impact of BCM factors and IT capacity on organizational success.

Pandemic Preparedness

Koonin (2020) conducted a study that outlines practical steps that businesses can take
now to prepare for a pandemic. Given the current growing spread of coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) around the world, it is imperative that businesses review their
pandemic plans and be prepared in case this epidemic expands and affects more people
and communities. Preparing for a potential infectious disease pandemic from influenza
or a novel corona virus is an essential component of a business continuity plan,
especially for businesses that provide critical healthcare and infrastructure services.
Although many businesses and organizations have pandemic plan or address pandemic
preparedness in their business continuity plans, few have recently tested and updated
their plans. Pandemics can not only interrupt an organization‟s operations and
compromise long-term viability of an enterprise, but also disrupt the provision of critical
functions. Businesses that regularly test and update their pandemic plan can significantly
reduce harmful impacts to the business, play a key role in protecting employees‟ and

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customers‟ health and safety, and limit the negative impact of a pandemic on the
community and economy.

Business Flow

Priyono , Moin and Putri (2020) determine how small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
cope with environmental changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic by pursuing the
business model transformation with the support of digital technologies. To achieve the
objective, this study used multiple case study design with qualitative analysis to examine
the data obtained from interviews, observation, and field visits. Our analysis
demonstrates that SMEs adopt a different degree of digital transformations, which can
be summarized into three paths, depending on the firms‟ contextual factors. First, SMEs
with a high level of digital maturity who respond to the challenges by accelerating the
transition toward digitalized firms; second, SMEs experiencing liquidity issues but a low
level of digital maturity who decide to digitalize the sales function only; and, third, the
SMEs that have very limited digital literacy but are supported by a high level of social
capital. This last group of firms solves the challenges by finding partners who possess
excellent digital capabilities. The qualitative case study method allows us to conduct in-
depth and detailed analysis, but has thin generalizability. To address this limitation,
future research can use a survey covering various industries to test the proposed theory
that has resulted from this study, so that the generalizability can be assured.

Entrepreneurs

Sangem (2020) conducted a study to determine How COVID-19 Affects Women

Entrepreneur. Women, who initiate, setup, organize and run the business units
individually or in group are called women entrepreneurs. The contribution of lady
entrepreneurs is at a high level in economic progress. The recent pandemic situation
affected their reach some extent, but women entrepreneurs with their strong dedication
and arduous efforts, struggled against the crisis and succeeded during this process
thanks to the impact of COVID 19 pandemic, the standard situation (Financial shortage,

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competition, responsibilities, etc.) would be back all over again just in case of girls
entrepreneurs. Women entrepreneurs can turn COVID 19 crisis into further better
opportunity. Women leaders might want to require a backseat, hoping matters normal
would automatically turn back before the pandemic, supporting and catalysing women
entrepreneurship was a subject that was gaining attraction across intermediary
organizations and investment firms. Women entrepreneurs cash in of opportunities
created by the COVID 19 pandemic. They‟re pivoting, adapting and re-purposing their
businesses within the immediate short term, even when facing hardship, women
entrepreneurs find some way to innovate and marketed their company during a different
way.

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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER III - METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

As our purpose is to understand the challenges, strategies, and perspectives of

businesses during the COVID-19 crisis, it is necessary to obtain information about the
thoughts and views of entrepreneurs. Thus, a descriptive research method is appropriate
and use of survey approach will serve our research purpose. Four firm are chosen
based on their ability to illuminate and develop a deeper understanding of small
businesses' reactions in the COVID-19 crisis.

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LOCALE OF THE STUDY

The study will be conducted four small firms covering Food Retail Industry, Food
Industry, Wholesaler and Retailer, and Computer and Accessories in Municipality of
Santa Barbara, Iloilo specifically businesses residing within Poblacion area.

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RESPONDENTS AND SAMPLING PROCEDURE

In the municipality of Santa Barbara, many businesses are seen everywhere especially
in the Poblacian area. We, the researchers, used the Convenience Sampling Method to
randomly select the businesses here in Poblacion area of Santa Barrbara, Iloilo.
Convenience sampling is perhaps the easiest method of sampling, because we only
interview few participants that are selected based on availability and willingness to take
part. Since that some are busy and unwilling to be interviewed we do not force them to
work on it and instead we seek for those who we can take their time for simple
interviews and do a survey with what they do as alternatives to this present time of
pandemic.

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RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

To provide and gather as much informative and evaluation descriptive method was used.
This method includes the use of questionnaires to gather the needed data for the
entrepreneur‟s response. The content of questionnaires is based on the topic which is
"Business Continuity and Pandemic Preparedness: Alternatives of Entrepreneurs by
Keeping the Flow of Business" and included a total of 6 questions. The questionnaire
was tested between the 8 and 16 of June, and was conducted through the social media
channel (Facebook messenger) and by email to avoid face-to-face contact during
COVID-19 pandemic. The interviewee considered that the interview questions were
clear and voluntarily joined the study.

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DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The letter of request was prepared. The researchers conduct the research in Poblacion
area, Santa Barbara through survey using the prepared questionnaires. They explain to
the respondents the importance of their response to the study. And also clarifies some
terms so that respondents can answer the questionnaire with full knowledge of their
responsibility as the subject of the study. The researchers requested to the respondents
to answer with all honesty. The instruments were retrieved after they were finished
answering.

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DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURE

With all of the questionnaires that have been asked and done, we have collected the
data from our respondents and we therefore have analysed that most of them answered
that this pandemic provoked them to do different strategies and alternative in order to
make their business last long.

Alternatives has really something to do with this pandemic, with our evaluation about
how the Entrepreneurs' deal with this pandemic they have gone a lot of ways and
strategies to pursue their business. Fortunately, with all due in finding means as their
alternative in their business have gone pretty well. Some have doubled their income and
some have worked consistently.

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ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Confidentiality and Anonymity

The anonymity and confidentiality of the respondents was preserved by not revealing
their names and identity in the data collection, analysis and reporting of the study
findings. Privacy and confidentiality of the interviewee environment were managed
carefully during social media communication, interview session and data analysis.

Interview Session:
Interview Session was conducted through social media platform (Facebook messenger)
where the respondents were asked by several questions. Only the six of us were able to
identify the answer of the respondents/participants.

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CHAPTER IV - RESULTS

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RESULT

We first examine small business ownerships to determine the impacts of COVID-19

pandemic to their businesses. The result has shown that business operations would
decline more when the COVID cases are still inevitable. The current crisis will pressure
small firm players to survive. Some businesses may increase, but some are struggling
for just one or two sales. This means that business owners must pay more attention to
keep their business stable. The interview data was content analysed.

Below are four micro different firms' alternatives and strategies for their business flow
that can be applied during this pandemic:

ALTERNATIVES OF DIFFERENT FIRMS

Merchandising Industry

Grocery Store has been operating for 8 years. The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a
sharp decrease in demand in goods and the firm experienced loss of customers
because of lockdown by the government protocol. A consumer who lives far from the
market town can't easily travel due to strict health protocol as well as the increase of
transportation fare to buy necessities. The owner planned to have jeep as a service
wherein they will take their products as a wholesale from different places and with that it
wouldn't hard to customers to travel. As of early June, the operations are back to normal.

Food Industry

Food services like restaurant have been operating in the municipality of Santa Barbara
for four years. The restaurant hired 12 employees and closed down for three weeks
during the outbreak.

The firm estimated to record a loss of approximately P50,000 during the outbreak, as the
firm still needs to pay rent. The owner expected that full recovery would take only for four
months yet it has been a year their business is still struggling. To recover the loss, they
switched their strategies by taking out orders and partnered to food delivery services.
The restaurant is offering the set of lunch at a discount price to attract locals who work
nearby.

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Wholesaler and Retailers

Bicycle wholesaler was set up two years ago by young local entrepreneurs. They sell
bicycle parts and supplies. During COVID19 crisis, the firm recorded a significant loss of
customers due to the panic in the community and lockdowns by the government. During
the outbreak, the firm boosted promotion on social media and offered an additional 15%
discounts during the crisis. The firm is also introducing new sports equipment for
bicyclists. In the follow-up interview, the firm is cautious about the future because of the
contraction of consumers in spending on items other than daily necessities as bicycle
equipment.

Computer Shop and Accessories

Computer Shop was set up 3 years ago. The owner has extensive crisis experience
before COVID-19 outbreak. During pandemic, computer shop businesses suffered from
low income, debts, and expenses because of the rental and payroll to the employees.
The owner estimates the total financial lost is P30,000. The firm planned to cut down the
employee size to reduced labour cost and they add a crowded-pleasing kinds of
business which popular nowadays "The Milktea Shop" as their additional business. The
owner mentions that their Milktea shop earns more than computer shop. The owner also
believes that as the impacts of COVID-19 is industry-wide and firm size does not make
much different in terms of survival and recovery strategies.

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CHAPTER V - CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

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CHAPTER V - CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter summarizes the findings and conclusions in the study "Business Continuity
and Pandemic Preparedness: Alternatives of Entrepreneurs by Keeping the Flow of
Business" in the Municipality of Santa Barbara, Iloilo.

CONCLUSIONS

Alternative business has been evident in our country for how many months or years now
especially in the municipality of Santa Barbara, Iloilo. Since coronavirus has emerged as
one of the pandemic health crisis, we, the researchers are trying to find out how
alternative business save the businesses of entrepreneurs in the municipality of Santa
Barbara, Iloilo.

RECOMMENDATIONS

We, the researchers of this study, conclude/ recommend that:

Alternative business is a great way to improve and save your business from
failing and bankrupting.
The result of the study showed that alternative businesses are effective way to
keep your business more productive and resourceful.
Alternative business can help your business grow and progress in a good way.
Alternative business is easy to handle.

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 Santa Barbara National Comprehensive High School
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

APPENDICES

How did your business cope in this time of pandemic?

What possible alternative/s you have done to avoid your business into
bankruptcy?
Did the business alternative/s create an impact in your daily earnings?
As a business owner, how did you formulate or come up with this business
alternative?
What is the effect of the business alternatives you apply in your business? Is it
good or bad?
Why did you pursue this business alternative even in this time of pandemic?

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