IECEx TOTAL Standards Angola

IECEx System: A User’s perspective : TOTAL
Patrick Leroux
TOTAL
Who is TOTAL?
 A global oil and gas company
 5th ranked international oil Major

j (IOC)
( )
 3 business segments (Upstream-Downstream-Chemicals)
 93.000 employees in over 130 countries
 Stock
S k market
k capitalization
i li i = € 100 billion
billi
 Turnover 2011= € 184 billion – US$ 257 billion
 j
Adjusted net income 2011= US $ 16 billion
 Capital expenditures 2011 =US $ 22 billion
IECEx Dubai 20‐21/03/2012 P.Leroux 2
UPSTREAM
Oil & gas exploration,
l ti d
development
l t and
d production,LNG
d ti LNG
 Production in 30 countries
 Production : 2.35 million barrels of oil equivalent
 Proved reserves :10.7 billion of barrels of oil equivalent per day (12 years )
 Middle East area represents 24.3% of production
DOWNSTREAM
R fi i
Refining,marketing,and
k ti d trading
t di &shipping
& hi i
Refining capacity :2.6 million barrels per day

Station
Stat o services
se ces :17500
500
CHEMICALS
Other Activities
 Interests
I t t in
i coall mines,power
i generation
ti ,etc
t
 Bang Bo (Thaïland)
 Taweelah (UAE)
 Solar , biomass
 Sunpower : world third –ranked solar energy operator
 Shams : one of the largest

concentrated Solar
Power Plant in Abu Dhabi
(rated capacity of 100 MW)
A few projects in non conventional fields
Deep offshore
• Long history of deep offshore projects since 2001
• Girassol FPSO in Angola (WD 1400 m)
• Akpo (Nigeria - 2009) first all electric FPSO
•Pazflor (Angola 2011) FPSO with first subsea separation
and subsea multiphase pumping
• Clov (Angola) with VSD for all main process equipment
Heavy oil
Oil sand mining and processing in Canada (Alberta)
Joslyn North Mine
Surmont
Shale gas
Barnett Shale with Chesapeake In USA (Texas)
A few projects in non conventional fields
Artic area
On-going development of LNG plants in Artic
conditions.
conditions
Power From Shore

Hild Project
P j t ini Norway
N ( t di started
(studies t t d in
i 2011)
• Offshore platform and FSO at 160 km from shore fed from Norvegian 300kV Grid
• 170 km of AC subsea cable
• 50MW load
Future major projects
The full-conversion Jubail refinery

in Saudi Arabia will pprocess heavyy crude.
It is scheduled to come on stream in 2013.
Synthetic image of the future GLNG

plant in Gladstone, Australia.
Production is scheduled to start in 2015 and
eventually reach 7.2 million metric tons per year
Ichtys offshore and onshore LNG,

Total in the UAE
 Presence
P since
i 1939
 Long-term partnerships in the UAE with ADNOC in several operating companies of

ADNOC group:
 ADCO 1939 5 major onshore fields

 ADMA 1953 2 offshore fields
 ADGAS 1973 LNG ,LPG
LPG , condensates
d t
 GASCO 1978 LPG + condensates (4 plants )
 FERTIL 1980 Urea production
Total is also a partner with MUBADALA in the Dolphin company ( marketing of gas
produced in Qatar )
and with ADWEA in TAWEELAH A1 (power & desalination plant )
Total is also operator of Abu Al Bukhoosh (ABK ) oil & gas field (offshore )
Shams :concentrated Solar Power Plant in Abu Dhabi-rated capacity of 100 MW
Total in the Middle East
 Qatar: presence since 1936 with interests in
 Al Khalij field (offshore )
 North Field
 Qatargas 1(LNG plant)
 Dolphin project (Ras Lafan plant)
 Qatargas 2 (train 5)
 Laffan Refinery
 Yemen
 M
Masila
il basin
b i –East
E Sh b
Shabwa (
(operator))
 Marib basin –Jannah (interests )
 Yemen LNG –Balhaf liquefaction plant
 Syria
 Deir Ez Zor IECEx Dubai 20‐21/03/2012 P.Leroux 11
 Tabiyeh
Total in the Middle East
 Oman
 Block 6-53
 OMAN LNG
 Q lh LNG
Qalhat
 Iran
 Production under buyback agreements
 Irak
 First discovery Baba Gurgur oil field north of Kirkurk (1927)
 Halfaya field
Safety, a core strategic Issue for the O&G industry
 Safety has been for years a key issue within the Oil & Gas Industry, and particularly in
Upstream operations
 Handling of oil & gas products is a potentially dangerous business
 The O&G companies have funded an organization : the International association of

Oil & Gas Producers, OGP, with companies such as IOCs (Shell, BP, Chevron,
Total, …) and NOCs (CNOOC, QP, PTTEP. Petrobras, …).
 OGP edit each year the “OGP Safety Performance Indicators”, which gives the
performance of the Upstream Industry
UPSTREAM statistics OGP extract
Safety performance indicators 2010 data report 455 ( publication May+June 2011)
Since 1985 collect data ………OGP safety database
53 members (Exploration & Production)
42 reported data in 2010
2010,covering
covering 102 countries
Explosion/burns =15 %
Fatalities =94 occuring in 58 separate accidents

blow out in US Gulf of Mexico =11
11 fatalities
INJURIES = 1336 reported (at least 1 day off work)
Offshore injuries result in a 33% higher number

of lost work days than onshore !
Explosive atmospheres : Which rules ?
 In
I term
t off explosive
l i atmospheres
t h th world
the ld iis b
basically
i ll divided
di id d into
i t two
t parts
t :
o The European Union (E.U) gathering 27 countries where the ATEX directives
must
ust be applied
app ed ((law).
a )
o A few other European countries outside the EU (Norway, Switzerland,…) have also
decided to use at least the “Product” ATEX directive
o North America (USA/Canada),

(USA/Canada) where the NEC & CEC and API & NFPA are applied.
applied
o Outside these 2 major zones , other systems exist (Russia ,China ,…)but many
countries in the world do not have strict regulations/rules
g or simply
p y have adopted
p
either European rules or North American ones.
Explosive Atmospheres , ATEX in EUROPE
EUROPE : ATEX directives (Law in Europe ,applicable to 27 countries) are mandatory :
• ATEX 94/9/EC (“Product” directive) -2003 • ATEX 1999/92/EC (“User” directive) 2006
Implementation of these directives have used a lot of time and efforts from Industry !
Difficulties encountered with application of ATEX directives :
o New approach
pp conceptp :
Requirements are no longer based on mandatory application of standards
(CENELEC *ones very close of IEC standards for Ex matters ) but on Essential & Health
Safety Requirements ) .
A standard
Any t d d can be
b applied
li d ,provided
id d it can be
b demonstrated
d t t d that
th t EHSR’s
EHSR’ have
h been
b mett
………Risk of interpretation !!
o Self certification by the manufacturer is authorized for equipment in zone 2 ( no third
party
p y involvement )
o Too many Ex Notified Bodies (test houses) have been appointed by Governmental
Organizations without control of their effective competence
*CENELEC standards = European electrical standards IECEx Dubai 20‐21/03/2012 P.Leroux 16
Explosive atmospheres : Which rules at Total ?
 TOTAL when
h acting
ti as an OPERATOR in
i the
th U
Upstream
t IIndustry
d t does
d apply
l :
o Local regulations, & national or international standards as well as the Corporate rules
and
a d spec
specifications.
cat o s
o The same level of requirements worldwide.
 TOTAL E&P requirements for Ex-equipment is as follows :
o Application of IEC and/or CENELEC standards

( current trend is going towards identical standards (cf. CENELEC 60 079 series often identical
or with minor deviations to the IEC 60079 series )
o Other standards may be accepted but on a derogatory basis (with OPERATOR formal
approval ).
o Electrical equipment must be certified by an official Recognised Body.
Explosive Atmospheres , Total rules in EUROPE
 The
Th 2 ATEX DIRECTIVES h have bbeen applied
li d but
b t with
ith a few
f additional
dditi l requirements
i t
defined by Total in its Corporate specification ( GS ELE 079 )
 Equipment
qu p e t for
o zone
o e 2 (catego
(category
y 3 ,as pe
per ATEX ) :
“Self certification” (by internal control of production) by the manufacturer
is not accepted by TOTAL
A type examination certificate (equivalent to CoC of IECEx) shall be delivered
to the client (as it is claimed for an equipment for zone 1,
1 category 2-
2 although
not requested by ATEX )
 Ex Notified Bodies : they are all equivalent in theory, as per ATEX , but there are
substantial differences between Ex NBs.
 All Ex NB are not entitled to deliver all type examination certificates against all
schemes defined in the ATEX directives
 The ExNB proposed by the manufacturer with its products is taken into consideration
during equipment evaluation stage
Explosive Atmospheres ,Total rules outside EUROPE
 Since a vast majorities of countries had no strict rules ,Total decided as from 2003
(when ATEX directives became in force) to apply also the ATEX directives in these
countries ( outside the European Union & North America )
 The reasons for this decision can be summarized as follows :
 Until recently nothing did exist in the world but only regional systems (eg ATEX) or
local systems.
 This is why Total decided until recently to apply the ATEX directives worldwide
(except for countries with an « American content ») because ATEX, although not part
of the local regulations, was accepted by many countries (e.g. : most of countries in
Africa, Indonesia , Gulf ,etc ..)
Explosive Atmospheres ,Total rules outside EUROPE
 ATEX directives have led most manufacturers to review completely their range of Ex
products, recertify them, create a new range of products, all being certified to ATEX.
 This has created a climate of confidence with ATEX products and explain the reasons
of Total choice to adopt the ATEX directives worlwide .
 At last it must be reminded that 7

7- 8 years ago IECEx was still a baby ( ! )
and very few IECEx certified products were available on the market .
What should be done to have a safe installation
in explosive atmosphere ?
 E
Equipment
i t mustt be
b manufactured
f t d in
i conformity
f it with
ith a recognized
i d standard
t d db by a
reputable manufacturer .
 Equipment must be certified by a recognized third party
 Equipment
qu p e t must
ust be installed
sta ed aand
d maintained
a ta ed by cocompetent
pete t pe
persons
so s
 Equipment must be repaired in « qualified » workshops
 The ATEX directive does not have any provision to maintain the certification of
repaired equipment to evaluate the repair shop ability to enforce the requirements of
IEC/EN 60079-17 & -19 while IECEx has developed the “Service facilities scheme “
 In O&G Industry,
y the Company
p yp personnel skills are normally
y evaluated using
g internal
procedures but personal competence of contractors (installation ,operation ,
maintenance ) cannot be easily assessed and this is a weak point .
 No sound provisions have been included in the ATEX directive while IECEx has
developed the “Personnel competence scheme”
IECEx at TOTAL ?
 5 years ago , the IECEx system was still not very well known at Total !
 This was mainly due to 2 reasons :

o Time devoted to understanding & implementation of the 2 ATEX directives in the
Company facilities .
o Few electrical equipment certified as per IECEx were available on the market ,while
most electrical equipment were ATEX certified ( even coming from non European
manufacturers )
 When the IECEx system became more visible (around 2008 ) a question came to the
mind of many engineers :
o What are the differences between the IECEx system and the ATEX system ?
The answer was not immediate at TOTAL .
o But next question was :
Wh t would
What ld be
b the
th benefits
b fit for
f TOTAL (if any)) to t adopt
d t the th IECEx
IECE system
t (outside
( t id
Europe) in replacement of ATEX directives ?
and the answer took a little time IECEx Dubai 20‐21/03/2012 P.Leroux to appreciate these differences!
22
IECEx at TOTAL ?
 A detailed
d t il d comparison
i b t
between IECE and
IECEx d ATEX was carried
i d outt which
hi h highlighted
hi hli ht d
again criticisms made against the ATEX directives !
The
e 2 major
ajo o ones
es ca
can be su
summarized
a ed as follows
o o s:
 Self certification made by the manufacturer itself is authorized for product installed in
zone 2 .No certification by a Third Party is required
 Too many Notified Bodies (Ex NB) have been appointed for which competence
equivalence may be questionable !
Such issues do not exist if IECEx is adopted !
 In addition the IECEx offers several advantages :
 Standards
• Only IEC standards will be applied , which is a form of guarantee since these
standards have been prepared by the largest community of worlwide experts .
• It’s easier for people going fromIECEx Dubai 20‐21/03/2012 P.Leroux
site to site to have to know only one set of standards.
23
IECEx at TOTAL ?
 Production
P d ti Q Quality
lit
Quality audit at manufacturer’s works is based on the most restrictive system for all
tthe
e type of
o equipment
equ p e t (equipment
(equ p e t for
o zone
o e 0, 1,2
, ) whilee with
t ATEX tthee aud
auditt depe
depends
ds
on equipment category with even no audit at all for equipment for zone 2 which are the
most numerous !
 Other features
IECEx has developed a series of schemes which have no equivalent with ATEX
 Certification of Repair workshops

 Certification of Personnel competence
 Future certification of engineering companies , installation and or maintenance
contractors inspection societies
contractors, societies.
 Future adjunction of non electrical equipment in a series of new ISO/IEC standards
(as ATEX ) IECEx Dubai 20‐21/03/2012 P.Leroux 24
IECEx at TOTAL ?
C Certificate
tifi t off Conformity
C f it ( CoC
C C - Ex
E TR - QAR )
They are on line available on the IECEx secured website while with ATEX only paper
certificate s are delivered
 Certification of Personnel competence :
 Past experience has shown that many accidents have often a high human content
(human error
error, human deficiency
deficiency, lack of competence,
competence etc …)) compared to equipment
failure
 The Ex world has considerably changed during these last 10 years and many people
mayy have not been sufficientlyy trained and are not aware of new requirements
q
although having worked in the O&G industry for many years
 The Personnel competence scheme is considered as an asset for Operator hiring
many people for operation & maintenance on various sites through the world
 More confidence shall be placed in people having their CoPC
Conclusion : IECEx brings more confidence than ATEX
Benefits expected from IECEx
 All ttype off products
d t ( ffor zone 0
0,1,2)
1 2) are certifed
tif d by
b a third
thi d party,
t no self
lf certification
tifi ti
by the manufacturer is authorized giving confidence to the USER
 Quality
Qua ty aud
auditt at manufacturer
a u actu e works
o s based oon tthe
e most
ost restrictive
est ct e syste
system ( the
t e one
o e
used only for zone 0 for ATEX)and applicable to all EPL
 Certification based on only IEC standards ( wellknown all over the world )
 Certificate of conformity (CoC ) delivered by the ExCB under electronic format

reducing the risk of forgery/frauds.
 ExCB’s and ExTL’s appointement based on a peer to peer review
 The overall number of Ex CB’s and ExTL’s remain today limited and well controlled
 Certified repair workshop will provide repaired equipment with a valid certificate
Benefits expected from IECEx
 The IECEx is a comprehensive system designed to take care of the complete Ex

chain ie :
 products
p oducts
 services
 personnel competence
and not only a single product certification system as found in the other certification
systems
 All the activities being

g under the control of a third p
party,
y it can be expected
p that the
accident/incident rate will decrease and this must be the target of the IECEx
 This will improve the level of safety and confidence in the overall chain of the
installation of the life cycle
CONCLUSION
 Acting as a global oil company, Total needs a « global Ex certification
system »
 Until recently nothing did exist at world level and due to ATEX major
impact in 2003 decision was made by Total to also apply ATEX outside
Europe (except in American influence areas )
 Yet today situation has dramatically changed with the IECEx effective
arrival and this why Total decided to modify its rules end of 2008 :
 Europe : ATEX shall be applied since it
it’s
s the European law
 Rest of the world (except North America )
 ATEX still accepted
 IECEx recognised
g and accepted
p with no restrictions as from
end 2008
CONCLUSION
 Evolution
E l i in i a next future
f
 Endorsement by the UNECE has stressed the interest for IECEx worlwide use
 One may decide to accept only IECEx (out of Europe and American influence areas)
since practically most of manufacturers will have products which are both ATEX and
IECEx certified (by derogation other certificates for specific products may be
accepted)
In summary the situation would be the following

- ATEX in Europe
- IECEx outside Europe
But this is not quite satisfactory for a global oil company to have 2 systems !
CONCLUSION
 T
Today
d a manufacturer
f (installed
(i ll d outside
id Europe
E ) having
h i a CoC
C C issued
i d by
b an
Ex CB (installed outside Europe) can obtain from an Ex NB (therefore
installed in Europe) an EC type examination certificate (after a limited
number of verifications) but this is not yet an automatic procedure !
 The IECEx is a prescriptive system (eg use IEC standards or ISO where
IEC does not exist)while the ATEX just defines the Health and Safety targets
to be achieved (eg any standard can be used) which makes both systems rather
incompatible
 The goal for having only one system in the world is still a long way
ahead, but efforts should be placed to reach this target and a company like
TOTAL will support these initiatives .
IECEx and Total
Thank you for your attention
Any question ?

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IECEx System: A User’s perspective : TOTAL

 5th ranked international oil Major

 3 business segments (Upstream-Downstream-Chemicals)

 93.000 employees in over 130 countries

 Production : 2.35 million barrels of oil equivalent

 Middle East area represents 24.3% of production

Refining capacity :2.6 million barrels per day

 Sunpower : world third –ranked solar energy operator

 Shams : one of the largest

Power From Shore

The full-conversion Jubail refinery

Synthetic image of the future GLNG

Ichtys offshore and onshore LNG,

 Long-term partnerships in the UAE with ADNOC in several operating companies of

 ADCO 1939 5 major onshore fields

 Handling of oil & gas products is a potentially dangerous business

 The O&G companies have funded an organization : the International association of

Fatalities =94 occuring in 58 separate accidents

INJURIES = 1336 reported (at least 1 day off work)

Offshore injuries result in a 33% higher number

o North America (USA/Canada),

 TOTAL E&P requirements for Ex-equipment is as follows :

o Application of IEC and/or CENELEC standards

 The reasons for this decision can be summarized as follows :

 At last it must be reminded that 7

 This was mainly due to 2 reasons :

Such issues do not exist if IECEx is adopted !

 In addition the IECEx offers several advantages :

 Certification of Repair workshops

 Certification of Personnel competence :

 Certificate of conformity (CoC ) delivered by the ExCB under electronic format

 ExCB’s and ExTL’s appointement based on a peer to peer review

 The IECEx is a comprehensive system designed to take care of the complete Ex

 All the activities being

In summary the situation would be the following

Thank you for your attention

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