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    Image Formationby Lens

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    Sharmme
    This document discusses the properties and functions of convex and concave lenses. It defines lenses as transparent materials with curved surfaces that refract light. Convex lenses converge light rays to a focal point, while concave lenses diverge light rays appearing to come from a focal point. The document explains key lens terminology like focal length and discusses how lenses form real or virtual, upright or inverted images depending on the object's position relative to the lens.

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    Image Formationby Lens

    Uploaded by

    Sharmme
    34 views7 pages
    This document discusses the properties and functions of convex and concave lenses. It defines lenses as transparent materials with curved surfaces that refract light. Convex lenses converge light rays to a focal point, while concave lenses diverge light rays appearing to come from a focal point. The document explains key lens terminology like focal length and discusses how lenses form real or virtual, upright or inverted images depending on the object's position relative to the lens.

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    This document discusses the properties and functions of convex and concave lenses. It defines lenses as transparent materials with curved surfaces that refract light. Convex lenses converge light rays to a focal point, while concave lenses diverge light rays appearing to come from a focal point. The document explains key lens terminology like focal length and discusses how lenses form real or virtual, upright or inverted images depending on the object's position relative to the lens.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    34 views7 pages

    Image Formationby Lens

    Uploaded by

    Sharmme
    This document discusses the properties and functions of convex and concave lenses. It defines lenses as transparent materials with curved surfaces that refract light. Convex lenses converge light rays to a focal point, while concave lenses diverge light rays appearing to come from a focal point. The document explains key lens terminology like focal length and discusses how lenses form real or virtual, upright or inverted images depending on the object's position relative to the lens.

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    6.

    3 Image Formation by Lens

    TYPES OF LENSES

    Lens is a piece of transparent material such as glass, perspex or plastic which has two surfaces with at
    least one surface curved.

    Convex lens – will Concave lens – Will spread


    converge/focus all the light out/diverge the light from
    to the focul point. the focul point.

    Common terminology of lenses

    Convex lens

    The parallel light rays which pass through convex lens will converge at a focal point, F. Therefore, convex
    lenses are known as converging lenses.

    Focal point of convex lens is real because refracted light


    rays converge at this point.

    As such, focal length, f is said to be positive

    .
    What happens to the parallel light rays after passing through the convex lens ?

    The parallel light rays is converged to a focal point.

    Concave lens

    The parallel light rays passing through concave lens appear to be diverging from a focal point, F.
    Therefore, concave lenses are known as diverging lenses.

    Focal point of concave lens is virtual because


    refracted light rays appear to diverge from this
    point.

    As such, focal length, f is said to be negative.

    Light spread

    What happens to the parallel light rays after


    passing through the concave lens ?

    The parallel light rays is diverged as they come


    from a point F in front of the lens.

    Focal Point, F

    A point where all parallel lights are


    converged after refraction.
    Focal length, f

    Distance between the optical centre, O with focal point, F.

    Object Distance, u

    Distance between the optical centre O with object.

    Image Distance, V

    Distance between the optical centre O with image.

    POSITION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF IMAGES FORMED BY LENSES

    Ray which is parallel to the


    Ray which is parallel to principal
    principal axis is refracted and
    axis is refracted and passes
    appears to come from focal
    through the focal point, F.
    point, F.

    Convex Lens :

    Ray which passes through the focal point, F is


    refracted parallel to the principal axis.

    Concave Lens:

    Ray which travels towards focal point, F is


    refracted parallel to the principal axis.
    Ray which passes through optical centre travels in
    a straight line through the optical centre without
    being refracted.

    Formation of image by CONVEX LENS


    Object O between F and Optical centre. ( u < f )

    Characteristics of image

     Virtual
     Upright
     Magnified

    Image distance

     v>u

    Object O at F ( u=f )

    Characteristics of image

     Virtual
     Upright
     Magnified
     Infinity

    Image at infinity

    - Infinity symbol -
    Object O between F and 2F ( f < u < 2f ) Characteristics of Image :

     Real
     Inverted
     Magnified

    Image distance

     v > 2f
     Image beyond 2F

    Object O at 2F ( u=2f)
    Charateristics of Image

     Real
     Inverted
     Same size

    Image distance

     V=2f
     Image at 2F

    Object O beyond 2F ( u > 2f)


    Characteristics of Image

     Real
     Inverted
     Diminished

    Image distance

     f < v < 2f
     Between F and 2F

    Object O at infinity ,
    Characteristics of Image

     Real
     Inverted
     Diminished

    Image distance

     V=f
     Image at F
    Formation if image by CONCAVE LENS

    Object O between F and Optical centre (u<f)

    Characteristics Of Image

     Virtual
     Upright
     Diminishes

    Image distance

     v<f

    Object O beyond 2F ( u > 2F )

    Characteristics of Image

     Virtual
     Upright
     Diminished

    Image distance

     v<f

    LINEAR MAGNIFICATION

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