MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

“3D PRINTING”

Table of Contents

1: 3D PRINTING........................................................................................................................................3
2: WORKING OF 3D PRINTING..............................................................................................................3
3: EXAMPLES AND APPLICATIONS OF 3D PRINTING.......................................................................4
-WHY DO WE USE 3D PRINTER FOE RAPID PROTYPING?.........................................................................6
4: TYPES OF 3D PRINTER.......................................................................................................................7
5: 3D PRINTING IN BUSSINESS:..........................................................................................................11

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1: 3D PRINTING
3D printing is a process of manufacturing of 3 dimensional solid objects. It is also called additive
manufacturing. In this process the object is form from a digital file by laying down successive
layers of material until the object is completed. The process has created the opportunity to
produce complex shapes comparatively using less material then the traditional manufacturing
method.

2: WORKING OF 3D PRINTING

Step 1: Modeling and Software

The first step in the 3D printing process is to either acquire a 3D file to print or to create your
own. There are an abundance of repositories for 3D models if you do not have the ability to
create your own, such as thing verse ,pin shape and sketch fab. If you have access to the software
and the ability to create your own CAD (computer aided design) file, then you can design your
own personal file to 3D print. Just like with 3D models, there are a myriad of possible CAD
software that you can use to design your own object such as Blender, Autodesk
123D, SketchUp and Tinker CAD.
Step 2: Slicing
After you have a model to 3D print, you need to have the model sliced so the 3D printer can
interpret the data and print your object. A slicer takes your 3D model’s file (which is typically an
STL, M3F or OBJ file) and cuts the object into thin horizontal layers that the 3D printer’s print
head follows layer-by-layer. The most popular slicing software among consumer and light
industrial grade printers is Simplify3D.
Step 3: Choosing the Right Material
Now you have a model and it is prepped for printing, but before you print, take into
consideration what your print will be used for and choose an appropriate material. 3D printing
materials come in all kinds of configurations with each filament having specific benefits and
applications. The two best known filaments are ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) and PLA
(Polylactic Acid). Other materials include PETG, PLA/PHA, HIPS, Nylon, PVA, as well as

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hybrid PLA infused with Wood or various Metals. If you are not sure which material to use, look
at this filament comparison guide provided by Make Shaper or this one provided by 3D Hubs.
Step 4: Printing

Now it’s time for the printing! Every 3D printer is different and to get the best performance and
print quality, you must fine-tune your 3D printer’s settings. There is a myriad of 3D printers on
the market so it’s best to follow the manufacturer’s instructions and the filament manufacturer’s
recommendations as a baseline and work from there to arrive at the optimal settings. Bed
adhesion, along with print speed, extruder setup, temperature and retraction are key factors when
it comes to making sure you get the optimal results when 3D printing.
Step 5: Post-Process Finishing
Some post-process finishing work may be necessary considering how most common 3D printers
work by building layers-upon-layers or the size forces you to print in multiple pieces. First, if
you have printed using support material, you will need to remove it. If you have used a soluble
material such as PVA or HIPS, use the appropriate solution to dissolve your material. Acetone
vapor can be used to smooth ABS prints, while PLA and other materials may require sanding and
filler to hide layer lines.

3: EXAMPLES AND APPLICATIONS OF 3D PRINTING

Programs consist of fast prototyping, architectural scale models & moquette, 3D printed
prosthetics and movie props. There are different examples of 3D printing might include
reconstruct fossil of paleontology, replicating past artefact in archeology, in forensic
reconstructing body elements and bones pathology and reconstructing a lot broken evidence from
crime sight investigation.

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EDUCATION:
Teachers and students who had been using 3D printers in the institute. which enable students to
turn up their ideas in a swift and inexpensive way.

PRIMARY AND HIGH SCHOOL:

Manufacturers of 3D had taken up a more express function in education. Companies often take
on programs to promote technology. These programs serve up as an easiest way for education
sector to make 3D printers available for use in classes.

Programs such as create education project enables institutes to incorporate preservative

manufacturing technologies into their set of courses for essentially no fee. The project lends a 3D
printer to schools in exchange for either a blog post about the teacher’s experience of using it or
a sample of their lesson plan for class. This allows the company to show what 3Dprinters can do
in an educational environment

WORKSHOPS AND ONLINE COURSES:

The educational environment is not only limited to institutional and schools. There are great
deals of other ways one can learn about additive manufacturing. One of the increasingly popular
ones is to do it online. To supplement online studies, many companies offer discount deals for 3D

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printers and related tech. One such deal comes packaged with Coursera’s online classes. You can
also teach yourself for free by watching YouTube videos. Many You Tubers and online tutors
make a living off of assembling 3D printers and creating free tutorials.

RAPID PROTYPING:

Manufacturers have long been using 3D printers in their design process to create prototypes.
Using 3D printers for these purposes is called rapid prototyping.

WHY DO WE USE 3D PRINTER FOE RAPID PROTYPING?

In short: it’s fast and relatively cheap. Nike uses 3D printers to create prototypes of running
cleats. They used to spend thousands of dollars (and wait weeks) on a prototype before they
could hold it in their hands. Now, the cost is only a fraction of what it was, and changes to the 3D
file can be made instantly and the prototype reprinted on the same day.

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4: TYPES OF 3D PRINTER
A number of 3D printing methods are being used to develop 3D figures and structures a lot of
these methods have prevailed and a lot of these methods have been dismissed, some types of 3D
printers which are used in today’s world are listed as follows:
1-Fused Deposition modelling (FDM): This technology was invented by Scott Crump in 1980’s
and today this is the most renowned 3D printing technology. With the help of FDM we can print
not only the operational prototypes but also the ready to use products such are Legos, plastic
gears etc. Also, all the compounds that are printed from this technology can go in high
performance and engineering grad thermoplastic, which is quite advantageous for the
manufacturer’s and nth mechanic engineers. The FDM technology is widely spread today and is
used in industries such as paper manufacturers, automobile manufacturers, food producers toy
manufacturers and.

2-Stereo lithography (SLA): the projects that acquire 3D printing may us this method to carry
out the process; this process is the former most in the history of 3D printing but is prevailed still

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 today. The SLA technique works differently from that of other 3D printing techniques that may
eject ink onto the surfaces; rather they operate with extra liquid plastic that after some time
solidifies into a hard object. The parts printed from this technique turn out to be smooth but also
the smoothness depends upon the degree or quality of the SLA 3D printer used.

3-Digital Light Processing (DLP): this printing process is much familiar to the SLA 3D printing
technique; it was first introduced by Larry Hornbeck in 1987. The technique uses digital
micrometres laid on a semi-conductor chip, this may be seen in the mobile phones, film
projectors, ad obviously in 3D printing.th main difference between SLA and DLP is the latter
needs an additional form of light, like that of lamps.

4-Selective Laser Sintering (SLS):

The SLS technique uses laser power to 3D print the object, it was developed by Carl Deckard in
1980s, due to a massive selection of the materials that may be used with this type of 3D printers
it is very popular for printing of customized products. It is also more common amongst the
manufacturers instead of the 3D beginners at their homes because this technology demand high
powered lasers, due to which they are expensive.

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5-Selective laser melting (SLM):

6-Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM):

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7-Digital Beam Melting (EBM):
The last three 3D printing techniques have rather been proven to be very expensive economically
which in today’s world is not very feasible or thy have fallen out of fashion due to which from
the past two decades they are not being used and we won’t see anyone using them in today’s
world.

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5: 3D PRINTING IN BUSSINESS:
The 3D printing technology is used by many businesses around us for a large number of
applications. Now the 3D printing technology is helping out the medical industry, architecture
industry, automotive industry, agriculture, aeronautics and it is also the major part of education
sector.
3D in automotive industry:
3D printing technologies and additive manufacturing imbedded into the core of the automobile
industry. It’s now creating new designing with the new 3D technology. One example of additive
manufacturing and 3D printing technology is the car made by 3D printing called “STRATI”.

3D printed strati are a single piece using direct digital manufacturing. The strati are made by
local motors. The Jr, CEO of local motors john B. rogers. He said: “"The Strati was designed by
our community, made in our Micro factory and will be driven by you".
The automobile industry is increasing the use of 3D printing to grow in the coming years.
Though it disrupts the manufacturing status quo. It is not only changing the consumer experience
but it is also proving that the car can also manufacture in entirely new and different way.
The automobile industry uses the 3d technology to produce small parts, tools, fixtures and jigs.
Motorcar engineers are also using 3D printer to make or restore parts of old car. Famous
companies are using 3D printing technology on large scale. Example: We can take the example
of Audi. Audi is using the 3D printing technology to produce spare parts.

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AVIATION:
The aviation industry is using the 3D printing comparatively less from other industries. After
2014 when the first plane took off, containing 3D printing parts. It was an airbus (A350) which
contained a small 3D printed titanium part located under pylon connecting jet engines to the
wings of airplane.

The 3D printing technology offers great potential to reduce weight of air craft structures and it
also reduces costs. lower weight means lower consumption of fuel which makes friendly
environment and affordable for passengers.
Architecture:
3D printing is very useful for architectures. When architectures want to present a model, they
design and make it through 3D printer for sampling purposes because it the quick and efficient
way. in the past business use drawing boards to understand the model buy now it has become
easier, cheaper and faster through 3D printing. Architects use 3D models because 2D models
don’t tell very much about the structure.

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Medical:
The technology of 3D printing has entered in the medical field and evolution of surgical tools.
Now doctors are now producing the transplant organs with the help of 3D technology. These
organs are helping the doctors for training purpose and also it is helping the doctors to study the
patient organ’s anatomy.

Agriculture:
The agriculture industry is also using 3D technology because 3D technology helps in customizing
the tools for agriculture purpose and it is particularly convenient for this field. The tools can be
specifically made for the activity. Indeed, using digital manufacturing is a great way to
manufacture objects that you have designed perfectly.

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