Moral Self: Living With Purpose Personal Value and Philosophy in Life

MORAL SELF: LIVING WITH PURPOSE PERSONAL VALUE
AND PHILOSOPHY IN LIFE

We really have to decide what kind of action or response we have to make because sometimes
we easily respond on difficult situation than choosing what is best response that we must do.
DILEMMA
• A problematic situation in which a difficult choice must be made.

• The kind of response or actions taken or made when one is in quandary serves as a good test of a
person’s level of moral development.
We have to think or choose between tough choices.
The decision made is has to choose between a wrong and another wrong.
MORAL
• Related to the sense or a standard that determines what is right and what is wrong.
• Principles that guide us to conduct within our society. Even if the morals is changing, but the
standard that is set, like behavior that the society uses to judge right and wrong.
Society standard where it is the truth and acceptable. Most of us act morally and
fallowcital guidelines and there are some of people really sacrifices their own interest for
the benefit of the society.
If a person is indifferent to right and wrong, they are considered as immoral and if a
person who commit evil acts, they are considered as immoral.
MORALITY
• Refers to the system of beliefs and values that ensures that individuals will keep their obligations
to others in the society and behave in ways that do not interfere with the rights interest of others.
Don’ts and do’s and should.
MORAL REASONING
• Refers to the judgements of people makes about what courses of action are correct or incorrect in
particular situations.
• Reasoning is a cognitive skill, but influences moral development.
Determines what is right and wrong and here we apply the moral dilemma.
Can be personal choice or ethical choice.
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG – came up with a theory of moral development by studying the concept of moral
reasoning and this theory is shaped by and tide up to Piaget Stages of Intellectual Development.
STAGES OF INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT
By JEAN PIAGET
We have to conquer 4 stages of cognitive development only once.
Some people can’t focus.
1. SENSORIMOTOR STAGED – the child learns and develops knowledge about his/her current
environment by relating sensory experiences to motor actions.
Birth – 2 years old
We develop through our experiences and those movements of our five senses.
We learn to do things intentionally until we became curious and wants to experience all.
Loves music and explores.
2. PRE-OPERATIONAL STAGE – the child learns to use symbol like words or mental images to solve
simple problems.
2 – 7 years old
Our thinking is mainly categorized for symbolic functions and intuitive thoughts that we
have so many fantasies and believed that some of things are truth/happens.
SOLAYVAL: Idetic – children are prone of what entities they seen or playmate that we
really can’t see.
All the things that are alive is normal for them.
However, they are not able to apply specific cognitive operations.
At the age of 4, mostly of us became curious and have so many questions.
Egosentic- where they believed what they think is right/true.
3. CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE – the child develops the ability to perform a number of logical
operations on concrete objects that are present.
7 – 11 years old
We discover logic and develops concrete cognitive operations.
Learn how to sort objects. EX. Pencil is for writing.
INDUCTIVE reasoning
Our brain also learns to re-arrange our thoughts to classify those which are builds
concrete operational mental structure and because of this, we get to know ourselves
better and we totally understand that the brain and heart is unique.
4. FORMAL OPERATIONS STAGE – the individual acquires the ability to solve abstract problems in
a logical manner.
11 and above
Ability to think is more rationally about abstract concepts and hypothetical events.
Abstract concept – cognitive abilities that allow us to understand success, failure, love
and hate. That is why we form deeper understanding on our identity and our morality.
We are thinking that we are now understand why people behave this way.
DEDUCTIVE reasoning
Can compare two things or words to reach logical generalization.
Gain mental skills to make plans, to our lives and systematically happenings are those
we need to prioritized.
Can make assumptions or imagine.
THE STAGES OF MORAL REASONING
By LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
Able to assess where you fall

How advanced your moral thinking
No, because doing what is wrong even when needed is considered as wrong.

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MORAL SELF: LIVING WITH PURPOSE PERSONAL VALUE

AND PHILOSOPHY IN LIFE

• A problematic situation in which a difficult choice must be made.

Able to assess where you fall

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