Code No: RR310205 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2006
ELECTROMECHANICS-III
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Derive the expression for distribution factor and Calculate the distribution
factor for a 36-slots,4-pole,single-layer three-phase winding.
(b) Determine the pitch (or coil span) factors for the following windings:
i. 36 stator slots, 4-pole, coil span 1to 8
ii. 96 stator slots, 6poles, coil span 1to 12. [8+8]

2. (a) Draw and explain the phasor diagram of an alternator at lagging power factor
(b) A 6-pole alternator rotating at 1000 r.p.m has a single-phase winding housed
in 3 slots per pole, the slots in groups of three being 200 apart. If each
slot contains 10 conductors, and the flux per pole is 2x10−2 Wb,Calculate the
voltage generated, assuming the flux distribution to be sinusoidal. [8+8]

3. (a) What is voltage regulation? Discuss the synchronous impedance method of

calculating voltage regulation.
(b) A 500V, 50KVA, 1-phase alternator has an effective resistance of 0.2Ω.A field
current of 10A produces an armature current of 200A on short circuit and an
emf of 450V on open circuit. Calculate
i. Synchronous impedance and reactance
ii. Full-load regulation with 0.8p.f. lagging. [8+8]

4. (a) What conditions must be fulfilled before an alternator can be connected to an

infinite bus?
(b) Calculate the synchronizing torque for unit mechanical angle of phase displace-
ment for a 5000KVA, 3- phase alternator running at 1500 rpm when connected
to 6600 volt. 50 Hz , bus-bars. The armature has a short circuit reactance of
15%. [8+8]

5. (a) Prove that sharing of common load by the alternators in parallel depends upon
input to the prime movers.
(b) Two identical 2000KVA alternators operate in parallel. The governor of first
machine is such the frequency drops uniformly for 50Hz on no-load to 48 Hz
on full - load. The corresponding uniform speed drop of the second machine
is 50 to 47.5 Hz.
i. How will the two machines share a load of 3000kw?
ii. What is the maximum load at unity p.f. that can be delivered without
over loading either machine? [8+8]

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Code No: RR310205 Set No. 1
6. (a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of the synchronous motor?
(b) A Synchronous motor takes 25KW from 400V supply mains. The synchronous
reactance of the motor is 4Ω. Find the power factor at which the motor would
operate when the exciting current is so adjusted that the generated emf is
500V. [8+8]

7. (a) What are the causes of faulty starting of synchronous motor?

(b) The input to a 11KV, 3-phase star connected synchronous motor is 60A. The
effective resistance and synchronous reactance per phase are 1Ω and 30Ω. Find
the power supplied to the motor and the induced emf for power factor of 0.8
leading. [8+8]

8. (a) Explain about two-value capacitor run motor.

(b) A 1/4 h.p. 110V, 60Hz, 4 pole capacitor start motor has the following constants
and losses
Auxiliary winding ra = 2Ω xa = 2.79Ω
Main winding rm =4Ω xm= 2.0Ω.
Magnetizing reactance is 66.8Ω.
Core loss=24W rotational loss of 13W.
Determine the stator current, power factor and efficiency when the motor is
running as a single-phase motor at the rated voltage and frequency with its
starting winding open. [8+8]

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Code No: RR310205 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2006
ELECTROMECHANICS-III
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Describe the main constructional features of cylindrical rotor and salient pole
alternators.
(b) Derive the expressions for distribution and pitch factors. [8+8]

2. (a) Draw and explain the phasor diagram of an alternator at leading power factor
(b) A 3-phase, 16-pole alternator has a star-connected winding with 144 slots and
10 conductors per slot. The flux per pole is 0.03 Wb, Sinusoidally distributed
and the speed is 375 r.p.m .Find the frequency in rpm and the phase and line
e.m.f. assume full ?pitched coil. [8+8]

3. (a) Derive an expression for finding regulation of salient -pole alternator using two
reaction theory .Draw its phasor diagram.
(b) A 2000 KVA, 11KV, 3- φ, star connected alternator has a resistance of 0.3 ohm
and reactance of 5 ohm per phase It delivers full-load current at 0.8 lagging
p.f at rated voltage. Compute the terminal voltage for the same excitation
and load current at 0.8 p.f leading.. [8+8]

4. (a) Describe the slip test method for the measurement of Xd to Xq of synchronous
Machines.
(b) A 3.5 MVA, slow-speed, 3-phase synchronous generator rated at 6.6KV has 32
poles its direct - and quadrature - axis synchronous reactances as measured by
the slip test are 9.6Ω and 6Ω respectively. Neglecting armature, determine the
regulation and the excitation emf needed to maintain 6.6KV at the terminals
when supplying a load of 2.5MW at 0.8pf lagging. What maximum power
can the generator supply at the rated terminal voltage, if the field becomes
open-circuited? [8+8]

5. (a) Explain the procedure how to bring the incoming machine to operate in par-
allel with running machines.
(b) Two alternators working in parallel supply a lighting load of 300kw and a
motor load aggregating to 5000kw at a p.f. of 0.71. One machine is loaded to
5000kw at 0.8 p.f. Lagging. What is the load and Power factor of the other
Machine. [8+8]

6. (a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of the synchronous motor?
(b) A Synchronous motor takes 25KW from 400V supply mains. The synchronous
reactance of the motor is 4Ω. Find the power factor at which the motor would

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Code No: RR310205 Set No. 2
operate when the exciting current is so adjusted that the generated emf is
500V. [8+8]

7. (a) Explain the procedure for starting of synchronous motor.

(b) A 500V, 3-phase mesh connected motor has an excitation emf of 600V. The
motor synchronous impedance is (0.4+j5) Ω while the windage, friction and
iron losses are 1200W. What maximum power output can it deliver? [8+8]

8. (a) Explain capacitor split phase motor.

(b) A 220V, 4 pole, 50Hz, capacitor split phase motor has the following impedance
at standstill.
Auxiliary winding ra = 3Ω xa = 6Ω
Main winding rm = 2Ω xm = 5Ω.
The resistance of the rotor winding when referred to the main stator winding
is 0.5Ω. Assuming the number of turns of the main winding and Auxiliary
winding are equal, estimate the starting torque, maximum starting torque and
the capacitance to be inserted to get maximum starting torque. [8+8]

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Code No: RR310205 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2006
ELECTROMECHANICS-III
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Describe the main constructional features of cylindrical rotor and salient pole
alternators.
(b) Derive the expressions for distribution and pitch factors. [8+8]
2. (a) Draw and explain the phasor diagram of an alternator at leading power factor
(b) A 3-phase, 16-pole alternator has a star-connected winding with 144 slots and
10 conductors per slot. The flux per pole is 0.03 Wb, Sinusoidally distributed
and the speed is 375 r.p.m .Find the frequency in rpm and the phase and line
e.m.f. assume full ?pitched coil. [8+8]
3. (a) Discuss the m.m.f method of calculating voltage regulation?
(b) A 3-phase star connected, 1000KVA, 2000V, 50Hz,alternator gave the follow-
ing. open circuit and short circuit test readings.
Field current A 10 20 25 30 40 50
Open circuit voltage V 800 1500 1760 2000 2350 2600
Short circuit armature current A - 200 250 300 - -
Draw the characteristic curves and estimate the full load percentage regulation
at
i. 0.8pf lagging and
ii. 0.8pf leading The armature effective resistance/phase may be taken as
0.2Ω [8+8]
4. (a) Explain the two reaction theory applicable to salient pole synchronous Ma-
chine.
(b) A 4500 KVA,50 Hz,3-phase,synchronous generator having a synchronous reac-
tance of 0.3 p.u. is running at 1500 r.p.m and is excited to give 11000 V.If the
rotor deviates slightly from its equilibrium position, what is the synchronizing
torque in N-m per degree mechanical displacement. [8+8]
5. (a) Describe the effect of sudden short circuit on the performance of synchronous
generator.
(b) Two similar 6000v, 3- phase generators are running in parallel on constant -
voltage and frequency bus bars. Each has an equivalent resistance and reac-
tance of 0.05Ω and 0.5Ω respectively and supplies one half of a total load of
10,000KW at a lagging power factor of 0.8, the two machines being similarly
excited. If the excitation of one machine be adjusted until the armature cur-
rent is 438A and the steam supply to the turbine remains unchanged, find the

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Code No: RR310205 Set No. 3
armature current, the turbine remains unchanged, find the armature current,
the e.m.f and the power factor of the other alternator [8+8]

6. (a) Explain about different torques of a synchronous motor?

(b) A 400V, 3-phase synchronous motor takes 52.5A at a power factor of 0.8
leading. Calculate the power supplied and induced emf. The motor impedance
per phase is (0.25+j3.2)Ω. [8+8]

7. (a) What could be the reasons if a synchronous motor fails to start?

(b) The synchronous reactance per phase of a 3-phase star connected 6600V syn-
chronous motor is 10Ω. For a certain load, the input is 900KW and the induced
line emf is 8900V(line value). Evaluate the line current. Neglect resistance.
[8+8]

8. (a) Explain what is meant by the split-phase method of motor starting.

(b) Compare operating characteristics of a resistance-start induction - run-motor
with those of a capacitor start induction-run motor. [8+8]

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Code No: RR310205 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2006
ELECTROMECHANICS-III
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Describe the different types of prime movers employed in case of alternators.
(b) Calculate the pitch factor of an alternator having 24 stator slots with 4 poles
when the coil span is 1 to 6 slots. [8+8]

2. (a) Derive emf equation for an alternator from fundamentals.

(b) A 50Hz alternator has a flux of 0.1 wb/pole, sinusoid ally distributed. Cal-
culate the rms value of the emf generated in one turn of the winding, which
spans 3/4 of a pole pitch. [8+8]

3. (a) What is voltage regulation? Discuss the synchronous impedance method of

calculating voltage regulation.
(b) A 500V, 50KVA, 1-phase alternator has an effective resistance of 0.2Ω.A field
current of 10A produces an armature current of 200A on short circuit and an
emf of 450V on open circuit. Calculate
i. Synchronous impedance and reactance
ii. Full-load regulation with 0.8p.f. lagging. [8+8]

4. (a) What is an infinite bus? State the characteristics of an infinite bus. What are
the operating characteristics of an alternator connected to an infinite bus?
(b) A 3 MVA,6-pole alternator runs at 1000 r.p.m in parallel with other machines
on 3.3 KV bus-bars. The synchronous reactance is 20%.Calculate the synchro-
nizing power per one mechanical degree of displacement and the corresponding
synchronizing torque. [8+8]

5. (a) Show that in order to obtain a constant - voltage constant frequency of Prac-
tical bus bar systems the number of alternators connected in parallel Should
be as large as possible.
(b) Two single - phase alternators are connected in parallel, and the excitation of
each machine is such as to generate an open - circuit e.m.f of 3500 V. the stator
winding of each machine has a synchronous reactance of 30Ω and negligible
resistance if there is a phase displacement of 40 electrical degrees between the
e.m.fs calculate
i. The current circulating between the two machines,
ii. The terminal voltage and
the power supplied from one machine to the other.Assume that the is no
external load. Sketch the phasor diagram. [8+8]

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Code No: RR310205 Set No. 4
6. (a) Write short notes on the power factor improvement with synchronous motor?
(b) A 2300V, 3-phase, star connected synchronous motor has a resistance of 0.2Ω
per phase and a synchronous reactance of 2.2 Ω per phase. The motor is
operating at 0.6 power factor leading with a line current of 200A. Determine
the value of generated emf per phase. [8+8]

7. (a) What are the causes of faulty starting of synchronous motor?

(b) The input to a 11KV, 3-phase star connected synchronous motor is 60A. The
effective resistance and synchronous reactance per phase are 1Ω and 30Ω. Find
the power supplied to the motor and the induced emf for power factor of 0.8
leading. [8+8]

8. Write short notes on following:

(a) Double revolving field theory.

(b) Capacitor Start single phase induction motor. [8+8]

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