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CHAPTER- 6
TEST AND MEASUREMENT IN SPORTS
BY DR.GAJENDER SHARMA
 CONTENTS
➢ Motor Fitness Test- 50M Standing Start, 600M R
un/Walk, Sit & Reach, Partial Curl Up, Push Ups(
Boys), Modified Push Ups (Girls), Standing
Board Jump, Agility 4x10M Shuttle Run.
➢ Measurement of Cardio Vascular Fitness-
Harvard Step Test/Rockport Test.
➢ Computation of Fitness Index: Duration of the
Exercise in secondsx100/5.5x Pulse Count of
1-1.5 Min. after Exercise,
➢ Duration of the Exercise in seconds x100/2 X S
um of Heart beats in Pulse1,2,3
➢ Rikli & Jones – Senior Citizen Fitness Test
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DEFINITION OF TEST AND MEASUREMENT
➢ TEST. A test is a tool which is used
to evaluate the skills, performance, and
reliability of the task completed by a
sports person.
➢ MEASUREMENT- Measurement is
about the collection of data about
performance or task completed by a
sports person by using a test.
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UDAIPUR
 Importance of Test and Measurement in Sports
➢ Selection of Athlete
➢ Individual Game Classification of athletes
➢ To study the Development of Athlete
➢ Individually Focused Training Programme
➢ Motivation of an Athlete
➢ To predict in advance the performance
potentials
➢ To prepare Norms & Standards
➢ To measure current Fitness Status
➢ To conduct research
➢ To Achieve Objective & Goals
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 MOTOR FITNESS TEST
➢ Motor fitness refers to the capability of an athlete to
take part effectively in his/her particular sport. it can
also be said that a person’s ability to do physical
activities. The following test items are:
➢ MODIFIED PUSH UPS (GIRLS).
➢ PUSH UP (BOYS).
➢ SIT AND REACH.
➢ STANDING BROAD JUMP.
➢ PARTIAL CURL UP.
➢ 4 × 10 M SHUTTLE RUN.
➢ 50 M STANDING START.
➢ 600 M RUN/WALK.
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MODIFIED PUSH- UPS (GIRLS)
➢ Purpose: To measure the upper body
strength and endurance.
➢ Equipment required: A mat and paper to
record the basic information like age,
gender and push-ups performed.
➢ Procedure: The subject is asked to take
starting positions, for modified push-ups
hands and knees should touch the
mat/floor. Both hands should be shoulder
width apart and elbows fully extended. The
body from the knees, to the hips and to
the shoulders should be in a straight line
. While keeping this position, the subject
should lower her upper body, so that
elbows may bend to 90 degree. Then
the subject returns back to the starting
position.
➢ Scoring: Count the total number of
modified push-ups for record.

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PUSH UPS (BOYS)
➢ Purpose: To test or measure the upper body
strength and endurance.
➢ Equipment Required: A floor mat and a paper
to record basic information such as age,
gender and total number of push-ups
performed.
➢ Procedure: After proper warming up, ask the
subject to take position. In a push up position
hands and toes should touch the mat/floor.
Hands should be shoulder width apart. The
upper body and legs should be in a straight
line. Elbows should be fully extended keeping
the back and keens straight, the subject lower
s the upper body so that elbows may bend to
90 degrees or chest may touch the mat /floor,
then returns back to the starting position with
the arms extended
➢ Scoring: Count the total number of push-ups
for record.
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 SIT AND REACH
➢ Purpose: To measure the flexibility of hip regi
on including the lower back and hamstring
muscles.
➢ Equipment Requirement: sit and reach box o
r a makeshift ruler and a box may be used in
which the zero mark can be adjusted for each
individual according to their sitting reach level
because there is a variation of lengths of indivi
dual’s arms and legs.
➢ Procedure:-first of all, Shoes should be
removed. Then sit down on the floor with legs
stretched out straight ahead. The soles of the
feet should be kept flat against the box. Both
the knees should be locked and pressed flat
to the floor. An assistant may hold the knee
s down. Palm should be facing downwards. Ha
nd should be on top of the each other or side
by side. The individual, whose flexibility is to
be measured tries to extend his/her both
hands forward along the measuring line on
the box as far as he/she can extend.
➢The sit-and-reach test was
➢ Scoring: the score is recorded to the nearest
first propounded by Wells centimeter or half inches based on the distanc
e reached by the fingertips of both hands.
and Dillon in 1952. ROCKWOODS HIGH SCHOOL UDAIPUR 8
 STANDING BROAD JUMP
➢ Purpose: To measure explosive
strength/ power of legs.
➢ Equipment required: A sandy
long jump pit and a measuring
steel tape.
➢ Procedure: A take-off line is
marked on the ground. Subject
stands just behind the take-off
line with the
feet several inches apart. The
subject swings the arms and
bends the knees to take a jump
in the long jump pit.
➢ Scoring : The measurement is
noted in feet and inches.
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 PARTIAL CURL UP
➢ Purpose: To test the strength and
endurance of abdominal muscles.
➢ Equipment’s required: A flat clean and
cushioned surfaced, recording sheet and
pen.
➢ Procedure: First of all, the complete test
procedure is explained to the subject. After
that the subject lies in supine on cushioned
surface the knees should be flexed and
feet should be 12 inches from the buttocks
.Both the feet’s should be slightly apart.
Arms are extended and rested on thighs.
Head should be in neutral position. This is
the starting position. Then, the subject curls
up with a slow controlled movement, until
his/her shouldered come off the cushioned
surface or mat two inches then back down
again.
➢ Scoring: Record the total no of partial curl
ups. It should not be counted if the should
ers are not raised up by two inches.

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 4 × 10 M SHUTTLE RUN
➢ Purpose: To measure agility
➢ Equipment required: Two wooden
blocks, marker cones, measuring tape,
stopwatch and a flat surface with two
lines 10 m apart
➢ Procedure: Mark two parallel lines 3
meters in length, 10 meters apart using
marking tape or cones, considering one
line as starting line. On the signal ‘go’
the subject runs to the wooden blocks,
lifts one block, returns to the starting
line and places the block behind the line
. Then the subject returns to the second
block, lifts it and then runs across the
starting line on the way back.
➢ Scoring: Record the best time to
complete the test in seconds.
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 50 M STANDING START
➢ Purpose: To Determine Speed
➢ Equipment Required: Measuring
Tape to Marked Track, 2 Stop
Watches.
➢ Procedure: An area of 50 m is
marked on a track. Two parallel line
s are drawn 50 m apart considering
one as the starting line. The subject
takes the starting position behind
the starting line. The starter
commands ‘Ready’ and ‘Go’. The
word Go is accompanied by a down
ward sweep of the starters arm as a
signal to the timer. Two subjects can
run at the same time if there are
two stopwatches.
➢ Scoring: The score is recorded in
seconds.
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 600 M RUN/WALK
➢ Purpose : To Measure
Endurance.
➢ Equipment Required: 600 M
Track And Stop Watches.
➢ Procedure: The subject takes
the position of standing right
behind the starting line at the
signal of ready and go the
subject starts running. During
the course of running he/she
may walk also. Many students
can run at a same time.
➢ Scoring: Time is recorded in
minutes and seconds.

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 The Harvard Step Test
➢ The Harvard step test is a test of aerobic fi
tness, developed by Brouha et al (1943).The
features of this test is that it is simple to
conduct and requires minimal equipment.
➢ Objective: The objective of this test is to
monitor the development of the athlete’s
cardiovascular system.
➢ Required Resources: To undertake this test
you will require: Gym bench (45 cm high),
Stopwatch.
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 The Harvard Step Test(Diagram)

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 How to conduct the Test (HST)
➢ The athlete warms up for 10 minutes
➢ The assistant gives the command “Go” and starts the
stopwatch
➢ The athlete steps up and down onto a standard gym
bench(45cm) for five minutes at a rate 30 steps/min
ute (150 steps)
➢ The assistant stops the test after 5 minutes.
➢ The assistant measures the athlete’s heart (bpm) one
minute after finishing the test pulse1
➢ The assistant measures the athlete’s rate (bpm) two
minutes after finishing the test - Pulse-2
➢ The assistant measures the athlete’s heart rate (bpm)
three minutes after finishing the test pulse-3
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Computation of Fitness Index (HST)
➢Short formula = Fitness Index= (1
00 × test duration in seconds)/
(5.5 × pulse count between 1 and
1.5 mm)
➢Long Formula (100 × test duration
in seconds) /(2 × sum of heart be
ats in the recovery periods).
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 Computation of Fitness Index (Short Formula)
Solution : Girl Age-14
• Example : Calcul Duration : 3 Minute (180 Seconds)
ate the physical Pulse Rate : 54 for 1 to 1.5 m
fitness index usi Formula : Fitness Index= (100 ×
ng short formula test duration in seconds)/ (5.
for a 14 year old 5 × pulse count between 1 and
Girl having com 1.5 mm)
pleted Harvard = 100 X 180 / 5.5 X 54
step test for a = 18000/ 297
duration of 3 = 60.60 Ans.
minutes and a # The Fitness index score of Girl
pulse rate of 54 is Low Average
beats for 1 to1.5
minute.
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 Computation of Fitness Index (Long Formula)
• Example : Calculate Solution : Boy Age-13
the physical fitness in Duration : 5 Minute (300 Seconds)
dex using Long formu Pulse Rate : 65 for 1 to 1.5 m, 60
la for a 13 year old for 2 to 2.5 m, 55 for 3 to 3.5 m
boy having complete ➢ Formula : (100 × test duration in
seconds) /(2 × sum of heart beats in the
d Harvard step test recovery periods).
for a duration of 5 ➢ Note: you are using the total number of
minutes and a pulse heart beats in the 30 second period. Not
the rate (beats per minute) during that
rate of 65 beats for time.
1 to 1.5 minute, 60 = 100 X 300 / 2 X 65+60+55
beats for 2 to 2.5 min = 30000/ 2 X 180
ute, 55 beats for 3 to = 30000/ 360
= 83.33 Ans.
3.5 minute.
# The Fitness index score of boys is Good
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 Fitness Index Score Card

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 ROCKPORT ONE MILE WALK TEST (ROMWT)
➢ Purpose : The purpose of this Rockport fitness walking
test (Kilne 1987) is to monitor the development of the athl
ete’s VO2 max.
➢ Equipment Requires : 400 mts track , Stopwatch,
Weighing scales, One Assistant.
➢ Procedure : This test requires the athlete to walk one mile
(1609 mts) as fast as possible.
➢ The assistant weighs and records the athlete’s weight
➢ The athlete warms up for 10 minutes.
➢ The assistant gives the command “GO”. starts the
stopwatch and the athlete commences the test.
➢ The assistant records the time taken for the athlete to com
plete the test and the athlete’s heart rate immediately on
finishing.
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 SCORING (ROMWT)
➢A VO2max Score can be calculated u
sing the following equation :
➢Females : VO2 =- 139.168 - (0.388 x
age) - (0.077 x weight in lb.) - (3.265
x walk time in minutes) - (0.156 x he
art rate).
➢Males : add 6.318 to the equation
for females above.
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Rockport One Mile Test Score Card

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 RIKLI AND JONES SENIOR CITIZEN FITNESS TEST

• The senior fitness test was developed as part of the li

fespan, wellness program at Fullerton university. By
Dr. Roberta Rikli and Dr. Jessie Jones. As such, the
test is sometimes known as the Fullerton functional t
est. It is a simple easy to use battery. This test
consists of six test items:
• Chair Stand Test
• Arm Curl Test
• Chair Sit and Reach Test
• Back Scratch Test
• 8 Foot Up and Go Test
• Six Minute Walk Test

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 Chair Stand Test (RJSCT)
➢ Purpose : This test assesses leg strength and e
ndurance.
➢ Equipment required : a straight back or folding
chair without arm rest (seat 17 inches / 44 cm
high), stopwatch.
➢ Procedure :
❖ Demonstrate the movement, first slowly then
quickly.
❖ Have the patient / client practice one or two
repetitions to ensure proper form, and adequate
balance.
❖ ‘On the signal go’ the patient/ client rises to a full
stand, then returns to a fully seated position, as
many times as possible in 30 seconds.
❖ If a person is more than half way up at the end of
the 30 seconds, count it as a full stand.
❖ One trial.
❖ Take post exercise vital signs.
❖ Document any modifications (chair height,
assistance needed).

➢ Scoring : The score is the number of completed

chair stands in 30 seconds.
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 Chair Stand Test Scoring

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 Arm Curl Test (RJSCT)
➢ Purpose :- Testing upper body strength
➢ Equipment : 5 lb Weight & an 8 lb weight,
stopwatch & a straight-back chair with no
arms. Women will curl a 5 lb. weight in this
test and men will curl an 8 lb. weight for
their test.
➢ Procedure : Test assistant will tell to begin a
nd will time for 30 seconds, using the
stopwatch. Do as many curls as can in the
allotted 30-second time period, moving in a
controlled manner. Do a full curl, squeezing
lower arm against upper arm at the top of
each curl and returning to a straight arm
each time. Keep upper arm still. Do not
swing the Weight. If started raising the
weight again and are over halfway up when
time is over, count that curl!
➢ Scoring : The score is the total number of
controlled arm curls performed in 30
seconds.

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 Arm Curl Test Scoring

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Chair Sit and Reach Test (RJSCT)
➢ Purpose : This test measures lower body flexibility.
➢ Equipment required :- Ruler, straight back or folding
chair, (about 17 inches / 44 cm high).
➢ Procedure : The subject sit on the edge a chair
(placed against a wall for safety)One foot must
remain flat on the floor. The other leg is extended
forward with the knee straight, heel on the floor,
and ankle bent at 90^0. Place one hand on top of
the other with tips of the middle fingers even.
Instruct the subject to Inhale, and then as they
exhale, reach forward toward the toes by bending
at the hip. Keep the back straight and head up.
Avoid bouncing or quick movements, and never
stretch to the point of pain. Keep the knee straight,
and hold the reach for 2 seconds. Perform two trials.
➢ Scoring : The score is recorded to the nearest 1/2 in
ch or 1 cm as the distance reached, either a negative
or positive score. The distance is measured between
the tip of the fingertips and the toes. If the fingertip
s touch the toes then the score is zero. If they do
not touch, measure the distance between the fingers
and the toes (a negative score). If they overlap.
measure by how much (a positive score).

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Chair Sit & Reach Test Scoring

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Back Scratch Test (RJSCT)
➢ Purpose : This test measures general shoulder range
of motion.
➢ Equipment required : Ruler or a yardstick.
➢ Procedure : This test is done in the standing
position. Place one hand behind the head and back
over the shoulder, and reach as far as possible down
the middle of back, palm touching body and the
fingers directed downwards. Place the other arm
behind back, palm facing outward and fingers
upward and reach up as far as possible attempting
to touch or overlap the middle fingers of both hands
An assistant is required to direct the subject so that
the fingers are aligned, and to measure the distance
between the tips of the middle fingers. Stop the test
if the subject experiences pain.
➢ Scoring : If the fingertips touch then the score is
zero. If they do not touch, measure the distance be
tween the fingers tips (a negative score), if they overl
ap measure by how much (a positive score). Practice
two times, and then test two times.

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31
Back Stretch Test Scoring

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8 Foot Up and Go Test (RJSCT)
➢ Purpose : To measures power, speed,
agility and dynamic balance.
➢ Equipment required : Stopwatch, straight
back or folding chair (about 17 inches / 44
cm high), cone marker, measuring tape,
area clear of obstacles.
➢ Procedure : Place the chair next to a wall
(for safety) and the marker 8 feet in front
in of the chair. Clear the path between the
chair the marker. The subject starts fully
seated, hands resting on the knees and feet
flat on the ground. On the command, “Go,
” timing is started and the subject stands
and walks (no running) as quickly as
possible (and safety) to and around the
cone; returning to the chair to sit down.
Timing stops as they sit down. Perform two
trials
➢ Scoring : Take the best time of the two trial
s to the nearest 1/ 10th second.

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Eight Foot Up and Go Test Scoring

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Six Minute Walk Test (RJSCT)
➢ Purpose : This test measures aerobic
fitness.
➢ Equipment required : Measuring tap to
mark out the track distance, stopwatch,
chairs positioned for resting.
➢ Procedure : The walking course is laid
out in a 50 yard (45.72m) rectangular are
a (dimensions 45 x 5 yards), with cones p
laced at regular intervals to indicate
distance walked. The aim of this test is to
walk as quickly as possible for six minute
s to cover as much ground as possible.
Subjects are set their own pace (a prelimi
nary trial is useful to practice pacing),
and are able to stop for a rest if they
desire.
➢ Scoring : measure the distance walked
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in
6 minutes to the nearest meters.
Six Minute Run/Walk Test Scoring

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