B O O K P U B L I S H E R S

Teachers’ Notes
by Fran Knight

The Ink Bridge

by
Neil Grant
ISBN 978 1 74237 669 1
Recommended for ages 14+ yrs

These notes may be reproduced free of charge for use and study within schools but they may
not be reproduced (either in whole or in part) and offered for commercial sale.

Introduction ............................................. 2

Literature: before and during reading .......... 3

Responding to literature: Themes

Intolerance ........................................ 4
Asylum seekers .................................. 5
World Heritage vandalism .................... 6
War .................................................. 7
Women ............................................. 8

Language & Literacy

Language & loan words in Afghanistan .. 9
Loan words in English ......................... 9
Poetry ............................................ 10
Thinking outside the square ............... 10

Know the author .................................... 11

Literature Circle & related books............... 12

About the writers ................................... 15

Blackline Masters ................................... 16

83 Alexander Street PO Box 8500

Crows Nest, Sydney St Leonards
NSW 2065 NSW 1590 ph: (61 2) 8425 0100 info@allenandunwin.com Allen & Unwin PTY LTD
Australia Australia fax: (61 2) 9906 2218 www.allenandunwin.com ABN 79 003 994 278
INTRODUCTION
Told in three parts, the stories of two young men, one a selective mute and the other
physically mutilated so that he can no longer speak, come together as one seeks asylum
in Australia and the other grudgingly attempts to work rather than return to school after
a family tragedy has overturned his life.
Omed’s story begins the book, reflecting the cruelty and injustice which stalks countries
where the rule of law has broken down and the government has been taken over by
religious zealots. He and his friend watch as the Taliban blow up the Stone Statues, the
famous Buddhist statues in Afghanistan which provided a small living for some people in
the area. But Zakir is hit by some of the flying stone debris from the blast and is killed,
enraging Omed to distraction. Without thought he attacks the men who triggered the
explosion and in response they cut out his tongue.
Later realising that the men will come and kill him, he flees his family, seeking refuge
with a known people smuggler in his village. He is off on a journey that takes him to
Australia.
Hec’s story follows, and we see this traumatised boy not communicating with his father,
the psychiatrist or his teachers and friends, rather, staying home alone. His father is at a
loss and suggests that he works for a while enlisting the help of a friend he knew at
primary school to take him on as a labourer in his candle factory. There he meets the
other workers, many on visas, some asylum seekers, but all traumatised by what has
happened to them. The racist foreman taunts the workers, and Hec takes a stand, and
so develops an unusual relationship with Omed. Both mute, they learn to communicate.
Through an odd set of circumstances Omed and his ‘uncle’ end up staying with Hec and
his father, and at night, Omed takes Hec back to the candle factory to show him what
really happens there. One night, after a terrible tragedy, the authorities become
involved, the illegal smuggling racket is disbanded, and Omed is deported.
In the concluding section of this novel, Hec, now a 22 year old whose voice has
returned, travels to Afghanistan to find out what has happened to his friend.
The Ink Bridge is an intriguing novel, showing the reader the complex issues which dog
the lives of those trying to find a safer life for themselves. Omed’s story will tug at the
hearts of all readers, to be so cruelly treated in such a random fashion is gut wrenching,
and his and the stories of those he meets along the way will add to the knowledge of
students about the people who seek asylum in Australia. Hec’s story too parallels Omed’s
to a degree, and their coming together impels Hec to take a stand and speak up. It is
this which forces him to throw off his depression and take hold of his life for himself. The
final section of the novel, where the two young men meet again brings the story to a
satisfying conclusion, and one which will be much discussed.

THE AUSTRALIAN CURRICULUM

The Australian Curriculum is available online at
http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/Home
The outlines of the three interrelated strands—Language, Literacy and Literature—can
then be accessed.
Thus: Language is knowing about the English language; Literature is understanding,
appreciating, responding to, analysing and creating literature; and Literacy is expanding
the repertoire of English usage.
The notes for this book exemplify these three strands, ensuring that the work fits the
criteria that these strands suggest.

2
LITERATURE
BEFORE YOU START

Classroom
Set aside a large area of pin-up board space.
Have the class brain storm what they know about Afghanistan and Afghan people. Put
their responses onto paper to have around the classroom, or set up a Wiki, or use the
electronic white board to tabulate their ideas.
Hang a map of the Middle East in the classroom.
Have a map of the world and South East Asia ready for work.
Ask the class to collect any novels from the library about the Middle East (ask your
teacher librarian to do a bulk loan for your classroom).
Collect any articles about the Middle East to pin up in the classroom.
Ask the students to access any websites about the Middle East which they think will help
the class in its work. Have these displayed for all to see. Perhaps students could
evaluate the website and add comments.

Community
Check to see if there are any refugee support groups your class can access in your area.
Check to see if there are support groups for people from the Middle East in your area.
List any Middle East shops/restaurants/places of worship that your class can access.
Are there any staff or friends of staff who would be happy to talk to your class about
their experiences?

Wider community
Check out websites (particularly government funded) which support Afghan people in
Australia.

The Middle East

Have each student take a map of the Collect recipes of food that is
Middle East to mark where the story eaten in Afghanistan, or go to a Collect images of Afghanistan
takes place. A significant number of local Afghan restaurant or cafe to add to the display wall in the
places are mentioned and should be to check out the menu or buy classroom.
added to their maps. some food for the class.

Collect images of Afghan people to Collect Afghan clothing to

add to the display wall. display (some students may Use Wikipedia to find out what
have some, or there may be a has happened to Afghanistan
shop in your area) in the recent past.

Have each student or group of Have each group check out Ask each group to prepare a
students draw a map of Afghanistan, different aspects of Afghanistan brochure about Afghanistan to
adding the main cities and towns, to present to the class (weather present to the class, showing
rivers and mountains. and climate, topography, what they have learnt.
currency, clothing, industries,
tourist venues etc)

3
READING THE NOVEL
Introduce the students to the novel, ensuring that they understand that there are
sections which will be confronting and, at the same time, informative.
You may like to read the first chapter aloud, to get the students into the story and allow
for any questions to be asked, and ideas shared.
Perhaps ask the students to keep a notepad in their book to jot down unfamiliar names,
places and events to enable them to share their questions with the rest of the class.
Perhaps draw up a timeline with the class, allowing them to pace their own reading and
discuss with the class.
Allow a lesson a week for the group to share what they have read, to go over chapters,
events and ideas they may be unsure of and to do some of the work suggested.

RESPONDING TO LITERATURE: THEMES

INTOLERANCE
Intolerance is shown at all levels of society and by all people. In the first chapters, the
reader is introduced to the intolerance within Afghanistan under Taliban rule prior to the
coalition invasion in late 2001, with tribal leaders handing out summary justice to people
from another branch of their religion.
As Omed’s story progresses we are shown intolerance in places that Omed’s path takes
him.
In Australia, we see the intolerance of the foreman at the candle factory who represents
such Australians with their suspicion of anyone not Australian. Some Australians can be
called xenophobic.
Ask students to follow one of the questions posed in the following table, to add to a class
list of what xenophobia means and how it is manifested in the novel.

What is the meaning of the word What motivates the Taliban to Reread Chapter 2, about Omed’s
xenophobia? blow up the Stone People? father.
(Chapter One)
Use dictionaries, Wikipedia and How did he come to be killed?
encyclopedias to find its meaning Why do they cut out Omed’s
How does this reflect
and derivation. tongue?
xenophobia?

Sharia Law is mentioned several Why is Omed initially suspicious In Part Two, Chapter 2, we meet
times in the novel. of the Poet of Kandahar? Splinter the foreman at the
candle factory.
What is it?
What is his attitude to the
What examples of its use are
workers at the factory?
shown in the novel?

Splinter’s generalisations about Later in Part Two, Chapter 2, Hec In Part Two, Chapter 5, we see
the workers reflect some attitudes is watching a news program an appalling sight of exploitation.
prevalent in the world today. about a town where refugees are
What has happened?
going to be living.
What do his generalisations say
How have these people been
about Splinter? Paraphrase the arguments put
brought to Australia?
forward by some of the
townspeople in wanting and not What may happen to them?
wanting them there.

4
ASYLUM SEEKERS
Note: This topic may raise some contentious issues and divided opinions in the
classroom. Be prepared.

1. As Omed’s story is revealed, take note of the reasons he needs to escape

Afghanistan and the reasons of those he meets.

The incident in the opening pages of Reread Chapter One and put the details of the incident in
Chapter 1 reveals the reasons for chronological order. What may have happened to his family?
Omed’s flight.

The Poet of Kandahar is in What does the poet tell Omed about his reasons to flee
Chapter 2 in the refugee camp with Afghanistan? Why does he wish to go to Australia?
Omed.

Omed keeps meeting the Snake. Why does the Snake wish to get to Australia?

2. As the novel is read, note all the different groups of immigrants to Australia that are
mentioned.

The man who picks up Omed and the Is this a common story? How many Afghans came to Australia
Snake near Maree after they escape in the mid-nineteenth century? Where are their descendants
detention explains how he came to be today? What part did they play in Australia’s history?
an Australian. (p 106)

The fisherman on the pontoon near the What is the story he tells of his decision to come to Australia?
West Gate Bridge.
(p 158)

Hec’s family Hec realises that he knows nothing of his background. Why is
this important?

3. As the novel is read, note the different stories of the people Omed mixes with in
Australia, and their yearning for a better life.

The woman and her children on the Why is she travelling to Australia? What happens to her and
boat to Australia her children? Why does Omed feel guilty?

Omed works with a group of people on Revisit Sami’s story (p 148):

Temporary Protection Visas.
Why does Sami see himself as different from the others?

And others....

5
4. It may be appropriate to look at the laws regarding asylum seekers as a class after
the book is read. Put students into groups to research the websites and then come
back to the class with their findings.

The Australian Human Rights Commission gives a large amount of information which will need some
direction to the class to use. http://www.hreoc.gov.au/human_rights/immigration/asylum_seekers.html

What is the difference between an asylum seeker and a refugee?

What are their human rights?

Where does the Commission’s opinion differ from that of the Australian Government?

What examples are in the book of the authorities in Australia in action?

5. Neil Grant plainly shows the range of people who profit from the needs of asylum
seekers, from the Snake to those in Lahore, Kuala Lumpur and Java who help the
asylum seekers on their way and finally at the candle factory in Melbourne, where
the Snake again has made contacts and pursued his trade of people smuggling.

Writing a report (A report must be factual: who, what, when, where, why and how)
Write a report on the activities of the Snake to present to the authorities who have
caught him in Melbourne.
OR
Write a report about the activities of the people smugglers who put Omed on the boat in
Lombok.
OR
Write a report on the activities of the manager of the candle factory, Merrick Hope.

WORLD HERITAGE VANDALISM

The opening sequence of the destruction of the Stone Statues caused outrage around
the world. There is footage on YouTube about this destruction which can be accessed by
your students.*** But be careful as looking up stone statues + destruction + Taliban
also gave me footage of a stoning of a woman.***
From Kinglake to Kabul (by Neil Grant and David Williams) gives a potted history of
Afghanistan’s invaders (pages 2-5) It may be helpful to have this background available
for the class.

Classwork

Reread the fist section of the What information is given to the What is their importance to the
book where the statues are reader about the stone statues? region?
destroyed

What has happened to them? Why did the Taliban blow them What opposition did they
up? receive?

What is happening to the stone How did Omed and Zakir view Why could the local people do
statues now? the destruction? nothing about it?

6
Think of the world outrage if this had been the Pyramids of Egypt or the Golden Temple
at Amritsar or the Sydney Harbour Bridge. But how can these be protected?

Classwork

Some sites around the world are The United Nations has collated The United Nations has collated
considered as belonging to lists of the Seven Ancient a list of World Heritage Sites (930
everyone. Compile a list of these Wonders of the World, and the in all).
sites - the class could brainstorm Seven Modern Wonders of the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World
this. World. _Heritage_Site

Check the World Heritage Read particularly the section What can the United Nations do
websites to find how many are on called The legal status of heritage when a government or terrorists
the official list and compare this sites, on the Wikipedia site attempt to destroy such a site?
with the one the class above.
brainstormed earlier.

WAR
War is ever present in Part One, Omed’s story, and although not with the same intensity
as Part One, Part Three certainly reflects the vestiges of war.

Class work
Revise the history at the start of From Kinglake to Kabul (pp. 3-6). This potted
overview of thousands of years of Afghanistan’s history shows just how their country has
been framed by war. For more detail, go to the USA Department of State’s website at
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5380.htm
1. Draw up a timeline of the wars that have ravaged Afghanistan.
2. What have been the results of these wars?
3. Why did Russia invade? What is the legacy of this war?
4. Can Afghanistan’s unsettled nature be attributed to decades of war?
5. What are the physical legacies of these wars?
6. How has Afghanistan’s geographical position dictated its history?
7. What vestiges of war do your read about in The Ink Bridge?

Individual work
Comparing stories in The Ink Bridge with personal stories in From Kinglake to Kabul.
1. Reread some of the stories in From Kinglake to Kabul.
2. Can you find instances of similar stories told in The Ink Bridge?
3. Evaluate the differences between each telling.
4. How does each affect the reader?
5. Which is more successful in telling the reader what the effect of war upon the
individual is like?
6. Why do you think this is?

Saving Private Sarbi

A fascinating side story of war in Afghanistan occurred two years ago when Sarbi, an
Australian sniffer dog, was missing, presumed killed, after a battle with the Taliban. She

7
was found 14 months later and awarded several military honours and is now the subject
of a book, Saving Private Sarbi by Sandra Lee (Allen and Unwin, 2011)
Apart from its obvious interest to all animal lovers, the book, Saving Private Sarbi
gives a background look at the war in Afghanistan, the dangers not only facing our
troops, but the ordinary people, and the work of the specialised sniffer dogs and their
handlers.
Sarbi now has a Facebook page and a page on the Australian Government website
http://www.defence.gov.au/sarbi/index.htm

Class work
1. An account of the story can be found at the BBC site
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8356224.stm (put this up on the electronic whiteboard
to read and discuss with the class)
2. With all the horror of the war and its effect on ordinary people trying to live out their
lives, discuss why this story was given so much publicity?
3. Students may like to debate a topic around the story of Sarbi. Possible topics are:
• Saving Sarbi was a waste of tax payer’s money.
• There are more important things to concentrate on than a dog.
• Sarbi is an inspiration to us all.
• The cost of training and keeping Sarbi is more than justified.

Group work
Some students may like to read sections of the book, sharing the story in a reading
circle, or using the book as one of the Literature Circle books.

WOMEN
A less obvious theme within the book which interested me was that of women. There are
women presented in the book whose situations are quite different.
• Omed’s mother
• Hec’s mother
• Hec’s tour guide, Arezu (Part Three)
• Omed’s sister, Leyli, (Part Three, Chapter 3)

Individual work
Reread the sections above which tell the reader about these women characters. Choose
one woman who appeals to you.
1. Fill in the six-box proforma (BLM 1) found at the end of these notes, filling it with
information about one of the women.
2. Use the information gathered to write a report about that woman and her life.
3. Some of the stories in From Kinglake to Kabul also give glimpses of women’s lives
in Afghanistan today.
4. Use these stories to compare your life with one of theirs.

8
LANGUAGE
LANGUAGE IN AFGHANISTAN
Two official languages are used in Afghanistan, Persian (Dari) and Pashto. Wikipedia’s
entry about Afghanistan includes a section on language which will give some background
to this exercise.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan
Neil Grant uses the Dari language throughout his novel, expecting in the main that the
reader will be able to elicit the meaning from the context.
Examples are on page 3 badam, or page 14, chaikhana, where we can understand from
the context what each is.

Whole class work: Create a glossary

When the class comes across words that are in a different language or are specific words
uncommon to the reader (Mujaheddin, for example) ask the reader to note the word and
its meaning (perhaps set up a Wiki so that all the students can add words to the list as
they read, on line)
When the class has finished reading the novel, these words can be collated to make a
glossary for the novel. The glossary could be used as a word guide for other readers or
part of a display done by the class when the work is complete.

Words from Afghanistan that are used in the English language

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of_Persian_origin
This is an interesting article on Wikipedia that details many of the words from Persian,
now used in the English language. Some are very well known, others are not, and it is
interesting to see that this writer has included proper nouns. Words like balcony and
kiosk, Iran and China, are included in the list.
Some students may like to look more closely at the list and put up a list of common
words used, or of proper nouns used around the world to designate places we hear
about many times.
Some students may like to speculate why so many of these words have been
incorporated into the English language.

English words now used in languages other than English

It is always a surprise watching a foreign language film, to hear English words in the
middle of that language. A Danish television series recently on SBS always surprised me
with words like OK, hello, goodbye, thank you, cell phone, radio etc.
Think about why these words are commonly used instead of the Danish words. Have you
noticed any English words being used by Afghan people on the news on TV?
• What words might be the ones so commonly used?
• Think about the children. What words might they pick up quickly in their contact
with American and Australian soldiers?
• In Chapter One, Omed had learnt words from the tourists who came to see the
Stone People. How common do you think this might be?

9
POETRY
Neil Grant includes poetry in his book, especially in Chapter 2, where Omed shares a
tent at the refugee camp with a poet.
1. One of Persia’s famous poets, known widely in the west, is Omar Khayyam.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubaiyat_of_Omar_Khayyam
Many stanzas from this poem are well known. He is famous for having written over 1000
rubaiyat or quatrains, and was first translated into English in the seventeenth century
and then more famously by Edward Fitzgerald in the nineteenth century. He is revered
for his imagery and economy of style, alliteration and themes. The rubaiyat, or ruba,
contains four lines in a particular rhythmic scheme.
a) When did this man live?
b) What else was he famous for?
c) Why is he remembered in the West?
d) Find several of his quatrains, and work out the rhythmic nature of the lines.
e) Are there poets you know of who use the quatrain form?
f) Find some examples of the quatrain form being used in English.
(you can find examples on the Wikipedia site,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quatrain which deals with quatrains)
g) Find some of the poems mentioned in the Wikipedia article on quatrains. Perhaps
learn one as an example to read out aloud to demonstrate the quatrain form.
h) Practice the form to write some of your own.
2. In the companion book, From Kinglake to Kabul, some of the work done by the
students in both those communities is poetic.
Relook at some of their work.
(The three-lined poems by some of the Australian students are known as haiku.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiku)
• Can you find any poems in this book from the Afghan students?
• How different is this poetry?
• Can you explain the difference to another member of your class?

THINKING OUTSIDE THE SQUARE

1. After reading the novel, discuss what happens to Omed and Hec at the end of
Part Three. Then choose one of the following writing activities:
• write an editorial about their lives after their meeting;
• write a letter back to Melbourne from Hec to his father;
• add an extra chapter telling what happens to the two young men;
• write a letter or long email from Omed to Hec’s father.

2. Why has the author called the novel, The Ink Bridge? Revise the sections in the
book where bridges are spoken of. What other titles could have been used? Justify
Grant’s use of The Ink Bridge as a title.

3. Some asylum seekers see the people smugglers as their saviours. Are there any
such stories on the Internet? One I found that was brief and to the point was the article
by Bob Ellis http://www.abc.net.au/unleashed/30770.html which made me rethink what

10
I had heard. You may like to read it and others and present an argument to the class
that people smugglers are neither heroes nor villains.

4. Take a closer look at Shaun Tan’s The Arrival. Can you link any of the images
found in that book to the characters in the novel, The Ink Bridge? You may like to
enlarge some of the images and display them with a title that relates to The Ink
Bridge.

5. Take a close look at the cover of the book. How has it been produced?
• What image does this cover present to you? Do you think it successfully conveys
the ideas of the book to its audience? Would it impel a reader to pick up the
book?
• Given the opportunity, what sort of cover would you have designed for this book?

KNOW THE AUTHOR: NEIL GRANT

http://www.neilgrant.com.au/ takes you to Neil Grant’s homepage, which contains his
biography, blog from Afghanistan in 2009, Youtube clips, a list of novels and his contact
details. The website is fascinating, enabling the reader to gain an insight into Neil’s
background and motivations. To summarise:
Neil Grant was born in Glasgow and came to Australia at thirteen years of age.
He has backpacked through India, Yugoslavia, the United Kingdom, Israel, Malaysia,
Thailand and Sri Lanka and has worked as an instrument sterilizer, a cook, a brickie's
labourer, a roof-tile reclaimer, a carrot picker and a tree planter to support his travel,
but all with the aim of becoming a writer.
All three of his novels have centred on journeys. The first, Rhino Chasers (Allen and
Unwin, 2002) is about three surfers following their dream along the Australian coastline
once they finish school. The second, Indo Dreaming (Allen and Unwin, 2005) has
surfers in Indonesia following their dream of sun, surf and sand, and the third, The Ink
Bridge (Allen and Unwin, 2012) follows the lives of two young men, one an Afghan
asylum seeker, and the other a selective mute living in Melbourne. Their paths cross.
The Ink Bridge was written with a grant awarded from the Australia Council for the
Arts in 2005 to write a novel about the refugee situation in Australia. Neil travelled to
Afghanistan in 2009 to research this project. The resulting novel is set primarily in
suburban Melbourne and in Bamiyan, Afghanistan.
As a result of a writer-in-residence at Kinglake High School, Neil worked with the English
teacher, David Williams, in encouraging the students to write of their experiences during
the bushfires, and link up with similarly traumatised students in Afghanistan. The book,
From Kinglake to Kabul (Allen and Unwin, 2011) is a result of the students' writings,
published together.

QUESTIONS TO PONDER, DISCUSS OR WRITE ABOUT AFTER RESEARCHING THE

AUTHOR
1. What in his background gives Neil Grant the confidence to write such a story and
know that it is an honest reflection of what happens in Afghanistan?
2. After reading the novel, what sort of questions would you ask the author, Neil
Grant? How do you think the discussion would go? (Perhaps set up a twosome, one
the questioner and the other the author responding to the questions.)
3. Can you find his other novels? Perhaps several groups within the class may like to
read one of his other novels and present a ‘show and tell’ to the class, explaining
what the novel is about and how it differs or has similarities to The Ink Bridge.

11
4. Neil Grant lives in an artist’s colony outside Melbourne.
• What is an artist’s colony? Can you find out more information about one?
• Have there been any others in Australia that have been well known? What are the
benefits of living with others of like mind? Can you think of any drawbacks?
5. What other authors have you read that may be similar to Neil Grant?
6. Can you make an addition to his web page that lists other similar authors and their
novels? Some libraries give out a bookmark, If you liked this author, then you may
like...with a list of authors and novels similar to the one just read. Prepare one for
your library.
7. On a map of South East Asia and the Middle East, pin point the places that Neil
Grant travelled to as a young man; where his novels are set; and where he went to
gather information for his most recent novel.
8. It is intriguing that writers like Neil Grant do not follow the worn path of completing
Year 12, going to university and then settling down to a working life. His life has
been quite different. Do you know of any other authors for whom the straight and
narrow path was not followed?
9. Many authors say that to experience a wide variety of work places, countries and
people enhances their writing. How is this reflected in Neil Grant’s writing?

LITERATURE CIRCLE
A Literature Circle occurs when a class is divided into small groups, each group reading
one of a number of books similar to the one being studied. It is important that each
group set the rules of the group and assess themselves. It is expected that each group
read one book over 6 or so weeks, keep records about what they like about that book
and report back to the class. Ask your teacher-librarian for help with this as they may be
able to suggest other works to include, and give a book talk to your class to help the
groups select their book. I usually have 6 or so copies of each of the books ready for the
groups to select and allow each group to select which novel they will read. I usually ask
volunteers to come in and read with each group to help keep them on task.
Once selected, the groups will have a lesson a week to read in class, and the leader of
the group will allocate how much of the book will be read between lessons. At each
session, the group discusses what has been read so far and works out things like plot,
story, characters and theme(s), to present to the class. Proformas are available as
Blackline Masters at the end of these notes (BLM 2 & BLM 3).
Each group is then able to make a presentation at the end to showcase in some way the
book they have read.
There are a number of books that have been written around the theme of refugees and
asylum seekers. Some are for younger readers (Soraya the storyteller, To the boy in
Berlin and Boy overboard, for example) and some are picture books (The littlest refugee,
Ziba came on a boat and The arrival, for example) and could be used in this unit.
Each group takes one novel to read, but one group may like to look at several aimed at
younger readers, or look at a group of picture books on the theme.

RELATED TITLES:
The arrival (Shaun Tan, Lothian, 2006)
This award winning picture book will stun its readers when they see the pictures showing
immigration in all its aspects, from single people, families and children leaving the places
they were born to find a new life. Their sufferings, their dreams, the realities of moving
from one country to another are exposed here. Working with a group of young New

12
Arrivals in a school I was amazed at how much they recognised and the discussions
which came out of their reading this wordless book.

Australia locked up (John Nicholson, Allen and Unwin, 2006)

John Nicholson takes readers through the array of prisons in Australia, from those that
kept the convicts enclosed in the first 50 years of the country, to the detention centres
of today’s Australia.

Boy overboard (Morris Gleitzman, Puffin, 2005)

Middle Eastern boy, Jamal is given a voice in this story of a refugee coming to Australia
via the help of people smugglers, but separated from his parents on the long trip over
the sea from Indonesia. All the heartbreak of having to leave the country of your birth,
of trying to avoid the authorities to finally end up in a detention centre in the country
which you hoped would take you, are given full rein in this story for middle school
readers, with the sequel, Girl underground following in 2006.

From Kinglake to Kabul (Neil Grant and David Williams, Allen and Unwin, 2011)
Children traumatised by the bushfires of 2009 in Victoria were part of a project writing
short stories and poetry along with a group of children in Kabul, living in the midst of
war. The two groups opened their hearts to each other through their writing and
eventually some of the group from Kabul visited Australia in 2010. This book is a
collection of their writings showing each group’s tenacity and hope.

The happiest refugee (Anh Do, Allen and Unwin, 2010)

Comedian Anh Do brings his infectious smile and contagious laughter to the story of his
family’s flight from Vietnam in the 1970’s to the relative calm of Australia, where his
parents worked hard to create a better life for their children. Anh Do is candid about his
life, educated in the Catholic tradition, going to university but ending up as a comedian
and then marrying.

The little refugee (Anh Do, Allen and Unwin, 2011)

Anh Do’s award winning story of his life, The happiest refugee, is reduced to its basics
in this picture book for younger readers of his family’s escape from Vietnam and finding
peace in Australia.

Mahtab’s story (Libby Gleeson, Allen and Unwin, 2008)

Gleeson interviewed and talked to many girls in schools in Sydney, to develop this story,
an amalgam of all their stories, refugees forced to flee their own countries as religious
fanaticism took over. Mahtab and her mother are told to wait in Pakistan by their father
who has gone on ahead but after months of not hearing from him, decide to move on to
put themselves into the hands of people smugglers.

Refugee : the diary of Ali Ismail (Allan Sunderland, Scholastic, 2007)

One in the series, My Australian Story, this one tracks the life of Ali Ismail as he flees
persecution in Afghanistan, boarding a rickety boat to come across the sea to Australia,
then finding himself in a detention centre. But the story becomes scarier as he escapes
and finds his way to Melbourne, where in hiding from the authorities he falls into
unscrupulous hands.

Refugees (David Miller, Lothian, 2004)

A fascinating picture book which reduces the idea of becoming a refugee and fleeing for
your life to the story of two ducks, having to find a new pond to live in. The parallels are
obvious to all readers, and much will be gained by discussion.

Saving Private Sarbi Sandra Lee (Allen and Unwin, 2011)

The story of the Labrador/Newfoundland cross sniffer dog has all the ingredients of a
page turner as Sarbi, no longer able to stay with her family, is trained by the army in

13
sniffing out explosives and deployed to Afghanistan. When she goes missing in a battle
with the Taliban, it is thought she is dead, but surprisingly she is found 14 months later.

Sektion 20 (Paul Dodswell, Bloomsbury, 2011)

Asylum seeking from a different angle is shown to readers when during the Cold War
Alex and Geli are smarting under the strict regime in the German Democratic Republic.
After being tortured, Alex’s family realise that they will always be under suspicion and
that their children will have many doors closed to them, so they escape into West
Germany. But their troubles are still not over.

Soraya the storyteller (Rosanne Hawke, Lothian, 2004)

Hawke has drawn together a story from all those she heard while living and teaching in
Pakistan, making a story imbued with the folk tales of that country. The girl Soraya also
knows and loves these stories and she holds them for her family as they travel to
Australia, eventually settling under a Temporary Protection Visa, not knowing where
their path will lead.

To the boy in Berlin (Elizabeth Honey and Heike Brandt, Allen and Unwin, 2007)
When Henni makes contact with a boy in Berlin, Leo, with the same name of the family
which once owned her house, she is ecstatic, but over the months the prejudice which
she uncovered directed at her house’s family 100 years ago, seems to be happening all
over again in Germany with the Guest Workers, the son of one being Leo’s best friend.
The parallels in both countries make fascinating reading for middle school readers.

Walk in my shoes (Alwyn Evans, Penguin, 2004)

Gulnessa and what is left of her family flee Afghanistan after their father and brother are
taken away by the Taliban. She survives keeping her family together despite the
treatment by authorities in the place they all hoped would be a refuge for them,
Australia.

Ziba came on a boat (Liz Lofthouse, illustrated by Robert Ingpen, Penguin, 2007)
A story about refugees for younger readers, this has Ziba on a unseaworthy fishing
vessel being taken across the sea, dreaming of her father telling stories, of gunfire and
running away and then of happy smiling faces welcoming her to her new land.

14
ABOUT THE WRITERS
NEIL GRANT
Neil Grant was born in Glasgow Scotland in the Year of the Fire Horse. He learnt to speak
Australian at the age of thirteen when he migrated to Melbourne with his family. He
finished high school at the International School of Kuala Lumpur in 1985 and spent the
next fourteen years working on his résumé and travelling to places such as Israel,
Yugoslavia, India, Nepal, Thailand, Greece, Italy, the UK and Tasmania. In 2000 he
graduated from RMIT's Professional Writing and Editing course and had his first novel
(Rhino Chasers) accepted by Allen & Unwin. He travelled through Indonesia for two
months researching his second novel Indo Dreaming which was published by Allen &
Unwin in 2005 and shortlisted for the Queensland Premier's Literary Award and the
Melbourne Prize for Best Writing.
The Ink Bridge is about candles, friendship and refugees and based partly in
Afghanistan. To research this novel, he travelled to Kabul and Bamiyan in Afghanistan in
2009 with the help of an Australia Council grant. After this trip, he worked with teacher
David Williams at Diamond Valley College to produce the student anthology 1000
Pencils: from Kinglake to Kabul (www.1000pencils.com.au) published by Allen & Unwin
as From Kinglake to Kabul in 2011.
At every opportunity he escapes to write and dream to a mudbrick cottage he built
himself on the Far South Coast of NSW.
Neil has three children and lives in Cottles Bridge, Vic.

FRAN KNIGHT
Fran is a retired teacher librarian who loves adolescent fiction. She speaks at
conferences, writes teacher notes and has articles in The Literature Base, Magpies,
ACCESS and Viewpoint and has reviewed since the 1970’s for Magpies and Fiction Focus.
In 2005, her book, Ngadjuri: Aboriginal peoples of South Australia’s Mid North Region
was published, following 20 years of research. Pledger Consulting has published ten
books which reflect Fran’s reading, with lists of books in subject headings, the latest
being Literature to support the Australian curriculum, Annotated lists of fiction and
poetry.
Fran’s contribution to teacher librarianship has been recognised with the South
Australian Teacher Librarian of the Year award in 2005, and Honorary Life Membership of
SLASA (School Library Association of South Australia) in 2007.

15
Women in The Ink Bridge

In The Ink Bridge, some women are presented whose situations are quite different.
• Omed’s mother
• Hec’s mother
• Hec’s tour guide, Arezu (Part Three)
• Omed’s sister, Leyli, (Part Three, Chapter 3)

Individual work
Reread the sections of the book which tell the reader about these women characters. Choose one
woman who appeals to you.
Fill in the form below, filling it with information about one of the women.

Name of the woman Description Family situation

Her place within the

community

Relationship to main What work does she do? What does the future hold?
characters

BLM 1
Literature Circle: The Ink Bridge

Group members:

Novel being read Author Characters

When is the novel set? Where is the novel set? What is the theme of the story?

Reading Schedule
Chapters to read Summary
Week 1

Week 2

Week 3

Week 4

Week 5

Week 6

BLM 2
Literature Circle: The Ink Bridge

Summary of story and its theme(s) The reasons my group enjoyed the story

BLM 3