HTML basics notes
Internet plays an integral part of our lives. The World Wide Web presents loads of information in
pages called web pages. Web pages are generally a single HTML document. It may be lengthy. It
contains graphics, text, audio, video and links. Tim berners lee was the founder of HTML.
HTML: Hyper text markup language
Hyper text- link to another text
Web pages and website are linked so that you can browse with ease.
Markup language - style of writing and presenting info within text doc. It is used to design web
pages.
Features of HTML
Platform- independent language
No case- sensitive language
Easy syntax and simple- to – understand programs
Attributes explain the value of tags.
Flexibility to design web pages using multimedia elements
Embedding audio or video is simple as inserting image
Links to web pages for easy browsing
When web pages are created they are shared with the world.
HTML Tags
Code instructions referred to as source code.
Markup text: most basic element for creating a webpage.
Keywords enclosed in angular brackets < >
Mark beginning or end of a program.
1st tag is opening/ON tags the end tag is called closing/OFF tags
Preceded with a “/” followed by < >
Main content placed between opening and closing tags.
Attributes
Keywords that provide additional info about the tags.
Always written with start tag
Appear as attribute name, followed by a”=” with attribute value
Different attribute by same tag is defined with space.
Structure of HTML doc
HTML doc also known as HTML web page there are various components
<Html>
<Head>
<Title>________ </title>
<Body>
</body>
</html>
Is a container tag. Identifies doc type as HTML.
<html> Root element of all tags.
Contains info you do not want directly to be
<head> displayed on the web page. It contains title tag,
logo of the web page, tagline and metadata.
Is a container tag. Title is written between the tags.
<title> Title is displayed in the title bar of the webpage.
Defines document body which contains text,
<body> images links etc.
WYSIWYG editor
Stands for what you see is what you get
Allows you to create webpage without the use of HTML tags
Text editor
Use HTML tags to create webpage.
Container Tags- have a beginning on an end tag to a program
Empty tags- Tags that only have an opening tag and no closing tag
HTML doc heading
Used to display text slightly bigger and bolder than normal text
Has 6 levels of headings
1st heading is suggested as container tag
‘n’ refers to heading varying between 1 to 6
Body tag
Is a container tag
Consists of the content and layout of a web page
Without additional formation the text will appear as a continuous paragraph
Only breaks in text occur at the line wrap width of the browser and the spaces between
words.
Used to set color of the
bgcolour background.
Value is the rgb hexadecimal
code.
Used to set the image in the
background background of the document.
Used to set the color of the text
text in the document.
Used to set the four margins on a
Leftmargin,rightmargin,bottomargin web page or define the spacing
top margin between the border and text on
the web page. The space is
defined in pixels.
<Br> tag
Used to insert line breaks
It is an empty tag
Does not have attributes
<p> tag
Marks the beginning of a new paragraph in a web page
Leaves a blank line after the paragraph
It’s a container tag
Align attributes aligns text left,right,centre by default its left aligned
<Hr> tag
Used to insert a straight horizontal line across the web page
By default the line appears to be shaded and the length is equal to the width of the browser
<Font> tag
Used to change the size, color and typerface of the short segment of the text on a HTML page
<b>, <i>, <u> tags
<b> stands for bold. It makes the text bold
<i> stand for italic. It makes the text appear italicised
<u> stands for underline. It makes the text underlined
