DANEO 400 User Manual ENU

DANEO 400
User Manual
DANEO 400
Manual Version: DANEO400.ENU.1

© OMICRON electronics. All rights reserved.
This manual is a publication of OMICRON electronics.

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EtherCAT® is a registered trademark of the EtherCAT Technology Group.
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Contents
Contents
1 Preface ..............................................................................................................................................6
1.1 About this manual ....................................................................................................................6
1.2 Documentation overview ..........................................................................................................7
2 Safety instructions ...........................................................................................................................9
2.1 For your safety .........................................................................................................................9
2.2 Rules for use ............................................................................................................................9
2.2.1 Orderly practices and procedures ............................................................................................... 9
2.2.2 Operator qualifications ................................................................................................................ 9
2.2.3 Safe operation procedures .......................................................................................................... 9
3 DANEO 400 overview .....................................................................................................................11
3.1 Designated use ......................................................................................................................11
3.2 Key features ...........................................................................................................................11
3.3 Distributed system..................................................................................................................12
3.4 Hybrid measurement ..............................................................................................................12
4 Connections and interfaces ..........................................................................................................13
4.1 Ethernet ports.........................................................................................................................13
4.1.1 Network interfaces (A, B) – Process ports ................................................................................. 13
4.1.2 Control port (ETH) ..................................................................................................................... 13
4.2 USB control port .....................................................................................................................14
4.3 Capturing network traffic ........................................................................................................14
4.3.1 Taps and mirror ports ................................................................................................................ 14
4.4 Examples of network connection options...............................................................................15
4.5 Storage interface ....................................................................................................................24
4.6 Extension Interfaces...............................................................................................................24
4.7 Binary outputs ........................................................................................................................24
4.8 Analog/binary inputs...............................................................................................................24
5 DANEO Control ..............................................................................................................................25
5.1 Acquisition ..............................................................................................................................26
5.1.1 Signal pool concept ................................................................................................................... 27
5.1.2 Measurement system ................................................................................................................ 28
5.1.3 System under test ..................................................................................................................... 34
5.1.4 Network diagram ....................................................................................................................... 37
5.1.5 Mapping .................................................................................................................................... 38
5.1.6 Recording .................................................................................................................................. 41
5.1.7 Observation ............................................................................................................................... 45
5.1.8 Tools ......................................................................................................................................... 47
5.2 Analysis ..................................................................................................................................51
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DANEO 400
5.2.1 Collecting recordings of an event .............................................................................................. 52

5.2.2 Time signal analysis .................................................................................................................. 54
5.2.3 Propagation delay analysis ....................................................................................................... 55
6 Web interface..................................................................................................................................57
6.1 Homepage ..............................................................................................................................57
6.1.1 Overview and connected clients ................................................................................................ 57
6.2 Network ..................................................................................................................................58
6.2.1 Network interfaces..................................................................................................................... 58
6.3 Observation ............................................................................................................................58
6.3.1 GOOSE and Sampled Values ................................................................................................... 58
6.4 Acquisition ..............................................................................................................................58
6.5 Recordings .............................................................................................................................59
6.6 Time .......................................................................................................................................59
6.7 System ...................................................................................................................................59
6.7.1 Status ........................................................................................................................................ 59
6.7.2 Licenses information ................................................................................................................. 59
7 DANEO 400 hardware ....................................................................................................................61
7.1 Front panel .............................................................................................................................61
7.2 Rear panel ..............................................................................................................................62
7.3 Flexible housing .....................................................................................................................62
8 Technical data ................................................................................................................................63
8.1 Guaranteed values .................................................................................................................63
8.2 Power supply..........................................................................................................................63
8.3 Analog measurement inputs ..................................................................................................63
8.3.1 Magnitude accuracy .................................................................................................................. 64
8.3.2 Phase and frequency accuracy ................................................................................................. 64
8.4 Binary inputs ..........................................................................................................................65
8.5 Binary outputs ........................................................................................................................67
8.6 Ethernet ports.........................................................................................................................68
8.6.1 Control and network ports ......................................................................................................... 68
8.6.2 Extension ports.......................................................................................................................... 68
8.7 USB ........................................................................................................................................68
8.7.1 Control port ............................................................................................................................... 68
8.7.2 Storage port .............................................................................................................................. 68
8.8 Environmental conditions .......................................................................................................69
8.9 Mechanical data .....................................................................................................................69
8.10 Cleaning .................................................................................................................................69
8.11 Safety standards, electromagnetic compatibility, certificates ................................................70
9 Open source software license information .................................................................................71
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Contents
Glossary ................................................................................................................................................75
Support ..................................................................................................................................................77
Index ......................................................................................................................................................79
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DANEO 400
1 Preface
1.1 About this manual
This manual provides information on how to use DANEO 400, the different measurement systems
supported and the methods of connecting to the substation communication network and controlling
DANEO 400. The acquisition and analysis with DANEO Control are explained in detail. The web
interface is presented. DANEO 400 hardware is addressed including the technical data. Software
license information is also included.
This manual includes the following chapters:

 Safety instructions
Safety instructions and rules to properly operate the device.
 DANEO 400 overview
Information about the designated use and key features of the product.
 Connections and interfaces
Descriptions of connections and interfaces between DANEO 400 and the substation network, as
well as the different options to control DANEO 400.
 DANEO Control
Information about the different functional parts of the application and main commands. Detailed
description of the procedures to use DANEO Control.
 Web interface
Description of DANEO 400 web interface.
 DANEO 400 hardware
Description of the hardware by functional blocks and the I/O interface.
 Technical data
Information about the technical characteristics and performance of DANEO 400 hardware
components, as well as the CE conformity, EMC, and certified safety standards.
 Open source software license information
License information for DANEO Control software and DANEO 400 embedded firmware.
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Preface
1.2 Documentation overview

The DANEO 400 documentation comprises the Quick Start Guide, the User Manual, and the
DANEO Control Help.
Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is delivered in printed format and provides the steps to set up the test interface
and install DANEO Control. Brief safety instructions and technical data are also included.
User Manual
The User Manual is delivered in PDF format on the CD-ROM. For detailed information, check the
previous section.
DANEO Control Help
DANEO Control Help covers the main features and user tasks and can be opened from
DANEO Control.
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Safety instructions
2 Safety instructions
Before operating DANEO 400, carefully read the following safety instructions. Only operate (or even
turn on) DANEO 400 after you have read this User Manual including the “Technical data” chapter and
fully understood the instructions herein.
2.1 For your safety

DANEO 400 may only be operated by trained personnel. Any maloperation can result in damage to
property or persons. The binary/analog I/O terminals of DANEO 400 can conduct life-hazardous
voltages.
2.2 Rules for use

• DANEO 400 must be used only when in a technically sound condition. Its use must be in
accordance with the safety regulations for the specific job site and application. Always be aware
of the dangers of high voltages. Pay attention to the information provided in DANEO 400
documentation.
• The instructions provided in this User Manual and associated DANEO 400 documentation are
considered part of the rules governing proper usage.
2.2.1 Orderly practices and procedures
• Keep the DANEO 400 Quick Start Guide, which contains printed safety instructions, available
on site where DANEO 400 is used.
• Personnel assigned to using DANEO 400 must have read the DANEO 400 Quick Start Guide
and fully understood the instructions therein.
• Do not carry out any modifications, extensions, or adaptations at DANEO 400.
2.2.2 Operator qualifications
• Installation and configuration of DANEO 400 should only be carried out by authorized and
qualified personnel.
• Personnel receiving training, instruction, direction, or education on DANEO 400 should remain
under the constant supervision of an experienced operator while working with the equipment.
2.2.3 Safe operation procedures
• Before wiring the terminals, verify that the conducting parts are de-energized. The terminal
connectors have hazardous live parts.
• Do not operate DANEO 400 under wet or moist conditions (condensation).
• Do not operate DANEO 400 when explosive gas or vapors are present.
• When setting up DANEO 400, make sure that the ventilation holes on the rear of the device
remain unobstructed.
• Do not open DANEO 400. There are no user serviceable parts inside. If DANEO 400 is opened
by unauthorized personnel, all guarantees are invalidated.
• DANEO 400 is designed to measure signals that are Measurement Category I, II, III, and IV, as
described in the IEC 60664. The 10 measurement inputs are only functional isolated from each
other (4 mm creepage distance). Never mix signals from different measurement categories!
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DANEO 400
• If DANEO 400 seems to be functioning improperly, please contact the “OMICRON Service
Centers” on page 75.
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DANEO 400 overview
3 DANEO 400 overview

3.1 Designated use
DANEO 400 is a hybrid measurement and recording device to be used in protection, automation, and
control systems for the electrical power industry.
The system is designed to record and analyze all conventional signals (such as secondary voltages
and current and hard wired binary signals) and messages on the communication network of the power
utility automation system.
Typical applications are in factory acceptance tests (FAT), site acceptance tests (SAT),
commissioning, and troubleshooting.
DANEO 400 is a portable device for temporary use. It is not designed to perform mission critical
operational tasks in 24/7 applications.
The device is intended for commercial use operated by trained personnel and is not suited for private
use.
3.2 Key features

Key features of DANEO 400 are:
 Recording and analyzing any traffic on the substation communication network
 Distributed recording with multiple units
 Time synchronized measurements
 Portable measurement system
 Unattended operation mode
 Remote control over TCP/IP network
 Time synchronization using the IEEE 1588 precision time protocol
 Aggregated and time-aligned presentation of results
 Generated network traffic does not impair the substation automation system operation
DANEO 400 hardware main features are:

 Analog inputs for voltages and currents
 Hard-wired binary I/Os
 Ethernet interfaces with Power over Ethernet (PoE)
 USB interfaces (host and device port)
 EtherCAT ports for extension devices
 IEC 61850 GOOSE
 IEC 61850 Sampled Values (9-2LE @ 80SPC)
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DANEO 400
DANEO Control software main features are:

 Online observation of selected signals from the substation automation system
 Use of configuration information in IEC 61850 SCL format for easy identification of traffic,
communication verification, and setup of signals for recording
 Making the power utility communication accessible and visible in an easy-to-understand
manner for the power systems engineer
 Setup of trigger conditions and scope of data for recording
 Recording of events and measurements of the substation automation system
 Collecting recordings from the individual devices in a measurement system
 Analyzing data in the collected recordings
 Exporting data in PCAP or COMTRADE format for further investigation in other tools
3.3 Distributed system

DANEO 400 was inherently designed to be used in a measurement system comprised of multiple
devices distributed in different locations over arbitrary distances. The options for controlling
DANEO 400 were made in a way so that remote access is possible. DANEO Control software is
designed to control multiple devices from one place and to collect the acquired data from all devices of
the measurement system for a coordinated analysis.
3.4 Hybrid measurement

DANEO 400 combines the classical signals in a protection and automation system with digitized
signals conveyed over communication networks. DANEO 400 acquires classical secondary voltages
and currents and hard-wired binary signals as well as traffic from the power utility communication
network. The information from both worlds is recorded and presented together, revealing the
coordination between each other.
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Connections and interfaces
4 Connections and interfaces

The following figure shows DANEO 400 with the interfaces located on the front panel.
Figure 1: DANEO 400 connections and interfaces

There is only one interface on the rear panel: the socket for the power supply.
4.1 Ethernet ports

DANEO 400 has three Ethernet ports. Two of them are in the group NETWORK and are labelled A
and B. These ports will be referred as the “process ports” in the following.
A third Ethernet port is in the group CONTROL and is labelled ETH. This port will be referred as the
“control port” in the following.
4.1.1 Network interfaces (A, B) – Process ports
The process ports are primarily intended for capturing traffic from the “process”, in our case the
communication network of the power utility automation system. The two ports can be either individually
used or they can be combined to form a tap (see below 4.3.1).
When the process ports are used individually, the captured traffic flows “one-way” into the port. If
required, DANEO 400 can be also controlled through one of the ports A or B.
When the process ports are combined to form a tap, the traffic received on port A is transmitted from
port B and vice-versa. For capturing, it can still be selected from which of the two ports the incoming
traffic is to be captured. In tap mode is not possible to control DANEO 400 through one of the process
ports.
4.1.2 Control port (ETH)
The control port is primarily intended to control DANEO 400 via a network connection. In addition, you
can also use the ETH port for capturing traffic, even when the port is actually used for controlling
DANEO 400.
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DANEO 400
The process ports A and B are supported by dedicated hardware and have a higher performance than
the control port ETH. When capturing traffic with high bandwidth or high packet rate (for example,
multiple SV streams) it is preferred to use the process ports.
4.2 USB control port

DANEO 400 can also be controlled via the USB port that is also located in the CONTROL group on
the front panel.
The control via the USB port is a convenient option when the controlling PC is located close enough to
DANEO 400. The control connection is immediately established and no setting of an IP address is
required. Additionally, an Ethernet port otherwise required for the control becomes available for
capturing traffic or connecting a PTP clock for time synchronization.
4.3 Capturing network traffic

4.3.1 Taps and mirror ports
In Ethernet networks, there is a significant difference between multicast traffic and unicast traffic.
Multicast is used, for example, for GOOSE and Sampled Values. Unless dedicated filters are set up,
the Ethernet switches will replicate all such received traffic and forward it to all connected links. So any
device can receive GOOSE and Sampled Values without further efforts.
With unicast traffic, the circumstances are different. IP traffic, which is used for example for the
IEC 61850 client/server communication, is of this kind. The communication is performed between
devices explicitly addressing each other. The data packets are forwarded as unicast traffic and that
means that the corresponding Ethernet packets are only forwarded on those links that actually
establish the path between the involved end points (for example, the client and the server). This
exclusive forwarding is the achievement of the Ethernet switch. Without special precautions, a capture
device like DANEO 400, connected to an arbitrary port on an Ethernet switch, will not receive the
packets to be analyzed.
There are two means of accessing unicast traffic: mirror ports and taps.
 A tap is a device that is inserted into a network link and that replicates the traffic going over the
link to additional monitor ports, from where it can be received for further processing.
 A mirror port can be typically found on managed Ethernet switches and such a port can be
configured to replicate the traffic from other specified ports on the switch, similar as if a tap was
used. The configuration of such a port requires access rights to administer the switch and
possibly dedicated software for administering the switch. The setup, the exact behavior, and the
performance of such mirror ports vary between different models of switches.
As mentioned on section 4.1.1, DANEO 400 can operate itself as a tap when the process ports A and
B are configured accordingly.
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4.4 Examples of network connection options

Due to the multiplicity of process ports, control ports, and usage options for the individual ports, there
are a huge number of possible connections. Each of these options may be suited in certain
applications and several options may similarly serve an application.
In the following, a number of examples with a short explanation of the typical use are provided. For
further reference, the connection options are labelled CO01, CO02, and so on.
Used symbols
The following figure shows the meaning of symbols used to exemplify the network connection options.
Figure 2: Symbols used to exemplify different network connection options
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DANEO 400
Single DANEO 400 with implicit synchronization

The acquisition of network traffic at different ports of the one DANEO 400 unit is time aligned, that is,
the time stamps assigned to packets captured from different ports represent the exact relative timing.
When the absolute time of the capture is of no relevance and the relative timing between packets
needs to be evaluated, simple connection options without synchronizing to absolute time can be used.
CO01 - Control via ETH, capturing on A and B
Figure 3: CO01 – All Ethernet ports are used in the primarily intended way. The unit is controlled via the ETH
control port; two streams of traffic are captured via the process ports A and B.
Even in a local network, considerable distances can be spanned by such a configuration. As the
length of an Ethernet segment can be up to 100 m, the two locations where the data are captured from
can be up to approximately 200 m apart, if DANEO 400 can be conveniently located at the middle
between the capture locations and if Ethernet cables of sufficient length are available.
CO02 – Control via ETH over network, capturing on A and B
Figure 4: CO02 – The PC with the control SW is not directly connected to DANEO 400. The control traffic is also
forwarded through the network, so the controlling PC can be located independently of DANEO 400. This is a
“remote control” scenario that also works when the network connection is established over a WAN.
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CO03 – Control via USB, capturing on A, B, and ETH
Figure 5: CO03 – By using the USB port for controlling DANEO 400, the ETH port becomes available as a third
port for traffic capturing.
In configurations as shown above, it is not recommended to enable the tap mode of

DANEO 400. Depending on the features and the configuration of the Ethernet switches,
either a loop with potentially circulating packets will be established or a spanning tree
(STP) algorithm will disable a network link.
CO04 – Tapping a trunk link
Figure 6: CO04 – The Ethernet ports A and B are configured as a tap. DANEO 400 is inserted into the link
between switches and can capture all traffic exchanged over this link.
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DANEO 400
CO05 – Tapping an edge link
Figure 7: CO05 – The Ethernet ports A and B are configured as a tap. DANEO 400 is inserted into the link
between switches and an end device (IED) and can capture all traffic of this IED.
CO06 – Capturing using an external tap
Figure 8: CO06 – Port A gets all traffic from the trunk link between the switches at the right delivered by an
external tap. Port B captures traffic from a port on another switch. It obtains either multicast traffic if it is a normal
port or the configured traffic if it is a mirror port.
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Single DANEO 400 with explicit synchronization

To time stamp the captured data with accurate absolute time, DANEO 400 needs to be time
synchronized, that is connected to a PTP clock. The following scenarios can also be part of a
measurement system with multiple DANEO 400 devices.
CO07 – Time synchronized capturing using an external tap
Figure 9: CO07 – Port A gets all traffic from the trunk link delivered by an external tap. Port B establishes a
point-to-point connection to a PTP clock for time synchronization.
CO08 – Time synchronized capturing using tap mode
Figure 10: CO08 – The Ethernet ports A and B are configured as a tap. The ETH port is used to connect to the
PTP clock. The control is performed via USB.
19
DANEO 400
CO09 – Time synchronized capturing using tap mode
Figure 11: CO09 – Both, control and time synchronization, are performed over the ETH port. To connect the
controlling PC and the PTP clock, a PTP capable switch (transparent switch) has to be used.
CO10 – Time synchronized capturing with control over the network
Figure 12: CO10 – DANEO 400 is controlled over the network. Again, a transparent switch is needed to provide
control and time synchronization to the ETH port.
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CO11 – Time synchronized with PTP over the network
Figure 13: CO11 – When the communication network is equipped with transparent switches and a PTP clock,
DANEO 400 can use this infrastructure for time synchronization.
21
DANEO 400
Multiple DANEO 400 devices in a measurement system

To make useful capturing, DANEO 400 devices have to be time synchronized. The absolute time of
the capture is of relevance.
CO12 – Measurement system time synchronized with PTP over the network
Figure 14: CO12 – With a PTP infrastructure on the communication network, time synchronization of multiple
DANEO 400 devices is most easily established. No links for capturing traffic are shown in this figure.
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CO13 – WAN scenario with complete PTP infrastructure
Figure 15: CO13 – With a PTP infrastructure present in all involved locations, time synchronization in a WAN
scenario is most easily established. No links for capturing traffic are shown in this figure.
CO14 – WAN scenario with incomplete PTP infrastructure
Figure 16: CO14 – Even if the PTP infrastructure is not present in some locations, time synchronization can be
established locally by using one of the options shown above in CO07 to CO10. DANEO 400 on the left captures
traffic via port B. The kind of traffic obtainable depends in the port configuration at the switch (normal or mirror
port); an external tap can also be used to capture traffic from a distinct network link.
23
DANEO 400
4.5 Storage interface

This is an USB host port for connecting an external mass storage device, such as an external hard
disk or a flash drive.
The setting to save recordings on this external mass storage is made in the Recording section
(Storage) of DANEO Control.
4.6 Extension Interfaces

Accessories for DANEO 400 can be connected to these ports when available.
4.7 Binary outputs

These are four potential free relay contacts. The contacts can be activated by a post-trigger action to
signal the detection of a trigger condition, for example to trigger other devices.
The settings are made in the Recording section (Post-trigger) of DANEO Control.
4.8 Analog/binary inputs

These are ten inputs that can be either used as analog or binary inputs.
The configurations are made in Measurement System section (Inputs) of DANEO Control.
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DANEO Control
5 DANEO Control
This chapter introduces you DANEO Control, each functional section, and instructions to operate the
application. Important topics are configuring the acquisition, recording, observing, and analyzing
recordings.
DANEO Control is divided into two major workspaces: Acquisition and Analysis. The following figure
shows the home screen.
Figure 17: DANEO Control home screen

Acquisition
Create a new or open an existing DANEO Acquisition file (.dac). Within the acquisition, the
measurement system is configured and recordings can be performed. When you open a .dac file that
contains devices in the measurement system, the application tries to reconnect automatically.
Only one file can be opened per instance of the application. You cannot open the same file on multiple
instances.
Analysis
Create a new or open an existing DANEO Analysis file (.dan). You can analyze recordings located on
reachable devices or on a local hard disk.
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DANEO 400
5.1 Acquisition
This section describes the necessary steps to create and configure a measurement system, configure
the system under test, place devices and IEDs onto a substation network diagram, map GOOSE and
Sampled Values streams to devices inputs, record, and observe signals.
1 2 3 4 5
6 7
1 Takes you to the home screen. The file closes and the application disconnects from the device.
Menu bar: Provides options for saving files, open the Options dialog to select/assign
2
application default values, update firmware and license, and run a device diagnosis.
3 Navigation pane: To navigate within each view of the Acquisition workspace.
4 Navigation toolbar: To switch between different views.
5 To open the Help or the About dialog.
6 Expands/collapses the Message board.
Message board: To track the most important events, which are classed by colors. The
7
contents can be saved to a file or cleared.
26
DANEO Control
5.1.1 Signal pool concept

The central point of the Acquisition is the Signal pool, which receives selected inputs in the form of
hard wired signals or mapped signals. The selected signals work as the Signal pool output for
recording and observation as shown by the following figure.
Analog/Binary
Inputs Observation
Network
Interface
Mapping Signal Trigger
Condition
A, B, ETH
Pool
GOOSE Recording
Sampled Values
COMTRADE PCAP
Figure 18: Signal pool concept
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DANEO 400
5.1.2 Measurement system
To create the measurement system, navigate to Devices. You can use existing physical devices that
appear in the Available devices section, or create offline devices in the Used devices section, and
later assign them to physical devices.
By using offline devices it is possible to prepare your measurement system already in the office.
When you are working with online devices and you change the configuration, the application displays
a popup containing the Apply button, so that your changes can be applied immediately.
Understanding the devices states
Icon State The device is…
Offline Unavailable, for example, due to a network issue, disconnected
from the network, or switched-off; disappears from the
Available devices table. If it is already part of the measurement
system, it can be configured offline.
Locked by another user The device is used by another user. Therefore, the device can be
configured, but the configuration is not applied until the user who
has locked the device stops using the device.
Configurable Successfully connected and synchronized; can be configured.
Armed Waiting for the trigger condition to start recording.
Recording The device is currently recording.
Issue Some issue has occurred. Refer to the information provided in the
yellow issue bar.
Using available devices

For the following procedures, work in the Available devices section.
To use available devices for measuring:
1. Click the appropriate device.
2. Click Use to use the selected device, or click Use all to use all devices. The devices used in
the measurement system appear in the Used devices section. The application automatically
tries to connect to all devices.
Manual IP search
This function is especially useful in WAN scenarios, where a DANEO 400 cannot be found by
OMFIND. But also in LAN scenarios, there may be segregated broadcast domains set up or special
filters set that prohibit the propagation of the OMFIND packets.
In such cases, an assigned IP address has to be configured for a port on DANEO 400 prior to
including it into a measurement system with DANEO Control.
There are different ways to do this:
 Connect to DANEO 400 via the USB control port and configure the IP address of an Ethernet port
with DANEO Control software.
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DANEO Control
 Connect to DANEO 400 locally via an Ethernet port and configure the IP address of an Ethernet
port with DANEO Control software.
 Connect to DANEO 400 locally via an Ethernet port, locate the device in the OMICRON Device
Browser and configure the IP address of the Ethernet port using the function
Set Network Configuration from the context menu.
Adding and removing devices
For the following procedures, work in the Used devices section.
To manually add an offline device, click Add.
To remove a device, select the appropriate device, and then click Remove.
Assigning offline devices to physical devices
Associate used devices with physical devices. This is mainly important for manually added devices.
Devices that were added via the Available devices table are automatically re-connected as soon as
they appear on the network and do not need to be associated any more. An associated device obtains
the settings of the preconfigured used device.
To associate devices:
1. In the Used devices table, click the appropriate offline device.
2. In the Available devices table, click the appropriate physical device.
3. Click Assign. The physical device appears in the Used devices table.
4. (Optional) In the Used devices table, click the device name, and then changed it (limited to 30
characters).
Configuring the connection options
You can configure the control-traffic limit, the network, and the control ports. The device can be
controlled by means of the USB or the ETH control port. When both control ports are connected, the
USB port has priority. The device can switch between control ports in real time (a time lag may occur).
To configure the connection options:

1. In the Navigation pane, expand the device.
2. Click Connection options.
3. Select appropriate values for Bandwidth and Maximum packet size of the control traffic.
4. If you want to use the TAP mode, select TAP. From the drop-down list, choose the
appropriate bit rate.
5. For network and control ports, from the IP assignment, choose how the device gets the IP
address:
 Disabled: No IP address is assigned.
 DHCP: The DHCP server assigns the IP address automatically.
 Static: You must enter the IP address manually.
Typically, an IP address is only assigned to one port that is intended to be used for controlling
DANEO 400.
29
DANEO 400
Assigning IP addresses of the same subnet to more than one port of DANEO 400 has to
be done with care. Depending on the network topology, this may lead to a condition
where the control of DANEO 400 is interrupted.
When a port has an IP address assigned, it can be “pinged” (it will reply to an ICMP echo request).
This may as well be used for timing measurements.
Configuring the time synchronization
The device can use two possible time sources: a network PTP master clock for time synchronization
or the internal device clock. The PTP is designed for applications that require high time accuracies. If
you have a distributed measurement system with multiple devices you have to make sure that all
devices are time synchronized over PTP.
To configure the time synchronization:

2. Click Time synchronization.
To use PTP as time source:

1. Make sure that there is a PTP master clock in the network.
2. Select PTP.
3. Choose the port that connects to the network to obtain the time synchronization.
Note: If the process ports (A and B) are in TAP mode and you choose any of these as the
PTP communication port, the PTP cannot determine the cable length. In this case, you must
enter the cable length (from the device port to the master clock) in Cable length.
4. Enter the VLAN ID and priority.
The device is not PTP time synchronized or is using the internal clock
The device is PTP time synchronized

The PTP details provide read-only information about the state of the current selected port and the
time synchronization clock.
To use the internal clock as time source:

1. Select Internal clock.
2. Click Apply PC time.
Configuring the inputs
In the Inputs section, you configure the physical connections of the device. Each input can be
configured either as voltage, current, or binary input. It is not possible to disable inputs.
To configure the inputs:

2. Click Inputs.
3. In the Analog settings, choose the sampling frequency (10 kHz or 40 kHz) and enter the
nominal frequency (15 Hz…70 Hz).
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4. In the Binary settings, enter the debounce and deglitch time for all binary inputs
(0 … 500 ms).
5. Select the input type, which can be an analog or binary input, see details below.
6. Assign a descriptive name to the input.
7. An analog input can be configured for measuring voltages or for measuring currents:
Analog voltage input
Analog current input
Choose a range that covers the maximum expected voltage at the input. The range refers to the
RMS value of a sinusoidal voltage. For further details, refer to section “Technical data” on page
63.
The conversion factor is for the correct calculation of the primary quantities from the measured
voltage. See the examples below on how to derive the conversion factors.
8. For binary inputs, choose the binary input type:
Potential sensing for externally “wetted” contacts
Internally “wetted” for sensing potential free (“dry”) contacts
9. For a potential sensing input, choose the appropriate voltage range and threshold.
10. Configure the phase systems by choosing their type and entering a name. The type “None”
means that the phase system is not used. The phase systems are filled up automatically by
using the voltage and current inputs from left to right (input numbers 1 to 10).
Calculating conversion factors
All quantities for observation, recording, and analysis are treated as primary quantities within
DANEO 400 and DANEO Control. At the analog inputs of DANEO 400, only voltages are measured,
which are a proportional “image” of the primary quantities. Depending on the instrument transformers
and/or sensors used, these voltages cannot even be always called secondary quantities in the
classical sense.
To convert the measured voltages into the corresponding primary quantity , the conversion
factor has to be set correctly (the letter is not to be confused with reactive power in this context).
The conversion factor is the ratio of the primary quantity to the measured voltage at the analog inputs:
Or, in other words, the measured voltage is to be multiplied by the conversion factor to obtain the
primary quantity :
For an input configured as a voltage input, the conversion factor is a dimensionless number, in the
user interface displayed with the “unit” .
For an input configured as a current input, the conversion factor is a conductance, in the user interface
displayed with the unit .
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DANEO 400
Voltage input: The instrument transformer is rated ⁄√ for the primary voltage and
⁄√ for the secondary voltage.
The primary quantity is the primary voltage: .

The secondary voltage is measured with DANEO 400: .
At nominal primary voltage we get:
⁄√
⁄√
Current input: The instrument transformer is rated for the primary current and
for the secondary current. The secondary circuit is terminated by a shunt with the value
.
The primary quantity is the primary current: .

The voltage across the shunt is measured with DANEO 400: .
At nominal primary current we get:
Current input: The instrument transformer is rated for the primary current and
for the secondary current. The secondary current is sensed with a current clamp with
voltage output and the transfer ratio .
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The primary quantity is the primary current: .

The output voltage of the current clamp measured with DANEO 400: .
At nominal primary current we get:
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DANEO 400
5.1.3 System under test
In System Under Test, you create the substation system. Therefore, load an SCL file including the
GOOSE and Sampled Values or manually add an IED. Only selected IEDs are used for testing.
The GOOSE and Sampled Values of the loaded substation system can be verified against the
network. For further details, refer to section “IEC 61850 SCL verification” on page 35.
Loading SCL files
Loading an SCL file imports the GOOSE and Sampled Values configurations of IEDs.
To load an SCL file, in the System Under Test section, click Load SCL file.
Note: The following SCL file extensions are supported: .scd, .icd, .cid, .iid, .sed, .xml.
The following table shows possible issues while loading an SCL file.
Issues while loading an SCL file Result
The SCL file contains IEDs already Choose whether to replace the existing IEDs by the
included in the system under test, but imported IEDs.
with different settings.
The SCL file contains the same IED Only the first IED is parsed and loaded.
twice.
Manually adding, selecting, and removing IEDs

To manually add an IED:
1. On the Navigation pane, click IEDs.
2. In the System Under Test section, click Add. The newly created IED appears in the
Loaded IEDs table.
To select IEDs for testing, select the Used check box either in the System Under Test section or in
the Navigation pane. The selected IEDs are included in a subset that is used for all subsequent tasks
concerning IEDs.
When you clear an IED check box, the IED is no longer used for testing, but its GOOSE and Sampled
Values remain persisted.
To remove IEDs, in the System Under Test section, select the IEDs, and then click Remove. You can
use Ctrl and Shift for multiple selections.
When you remove an IED, its GOOSE and Sampled Values are deleted and removed from all views.
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Configuring an IED
You must configure a newly added IED before it can be used. You can also use this section to change
an existing IED, and see or remove its GOOSE and Samples Values.
To configure an IED:
1. In the Navigation pane, click the appropriate IED.
2. In the Properties section, enter/change the IED properties. The IED name must be unique in
the System Under Test.
3. If there are unnecessary GOOSE or Sampled Values, select them, and click Remove.
IEC 61850 SCL verification
In the verification, you can check which imported GOOSE and Sampled Values streams really exist on
the network. The devices sniff the network, search, and verify the GOOSE and Sampled Values. The
following figure shows an example of the SCL verification with results.
Figure 19: IEC 61850 SCL verification

The discovered GOOSE and SV streams are compared to the definitions loaded from the SCL file(s).
If a discovered GOOSE or SV stream can be related to a loaded definition, a verification result will be
given. If a GOOSE or SV stream is entirely unrelated to the loaded definitions, it will be presented as
an orphan.
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The verification results are updated in real time and classed by means of three different icons.
Found The control block reference (GOOSE) or SVID (SV), the data set,
and the header match.
Found with differences The control block reference (GOOSE) or SVID (SV) match, but not
the data set or header.
Not found The control block reference (GOOSE) or SVID (SV) was not found.
To start the verification, in the Navigation pane, click Start. To clear the verification results and any
unassociated orphans, click Clear.
Issues during the verification Result

GOOSE or SV streams were found In the System Under Test section, for comparison
with differences. purposes, the GOOSE or SV streams found with
differences are placed to the right of the GOOSE or SV
streams loaded from the SCL file.
GOOSE or SV streams loaded from the SCL file can be
replaced entirely by the GOOSE or SV streams found with
differences.
GOOSE or SV streams were found, This GOOSE or SV stream is an orphan and can be
but do not match any GOOSE or SV associated with an IED.
streams loaded from the SCL file.
Associating an orphan with an IED

When you select an orphan in the Verification section of the Navigation pane, the orphan details are
displayed. The orphan can be associated with an IED. In this case, from the IEDs list, select the target
IED, and then click . There, you can also associate the orphan to a new IED by clicking .
Tip: The orphan can also be dragged from the Verification section directly onto the appropriate IED
in the Navigation pane.
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5.1.4 Network diagram
In Network Diagram, you can import the substation network diagram and place the devices and the
IEDs onto the diagram. The diagram can be useful for orientation while working in the substation.
Importing and adjusting a network diagram
Click Import diagram and choose a .jpeg or .png file. To adjust the diagram size to the
Network Diagram area, click Zoom to fit. To adjust the diagram to a different size, move the Zoom
slider.
Placing and adjusting devices and IEDs
From the Navigation pane, drag devices and IEDs (items) to where you want them in the network
diagram. To adjust the item’s size, move the ItemSize slider. When you point an item, you enable the
option to remove the item.
Tip: Double-click a device or an IED in the diagram to navigate directly to its configuration in the
Measurement System or System Under Test.
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5.1.5 Mapping
In Mapping, you can map voltages, currents, and binary values, which are encapsulated in Sampled
Values and GOOSE as well as hard-wired inputs and phase systems to specific devices. This way,
you build up a signal pool for every device.
Mapping signals to a device
1. In the Navigation pane, expand “IED” > Sampled Values until you see ports A, B, ETH.
You get the currents and voltages of every “IED”.

2. In the Navigation pane, expand “IED” > GOOSE until you see ports A, B, ETH.
You get the binary signals of every “IED”.

Note: The device needs to know on which port (A, B, or ETH) the GOOSE or Sampled Value
streams can be read.
3. In the Devices section, choose the device.
4. From the Navigation pane, drag the port of the Sampled Value that you want to map to the
Analog signals.
The voltage and current (phase system) appear. You can now combine a voltage and current
to generate a power system.
5. From the Navigation pane, drag the port of the GOOSE data attribute (DA) that you want to
map to the Binary signals.
Note: Each device can hold up to three Sampled Value streams.
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Tip: Instead of dragging the port, double-click the port to map the signal in a quicker way.
By repeating the above procedure for all desired signals, you map the analog and binary signals to the
selected ports of every device.
Remapping signals
To remap signals, which are currently mapped to devices, you must first delete those signals from the
Signal pool. You can only remap a Sampled Value when its voltage and current are both deleted.
This way, the port becomes available again and you can map the signal to a different device.
Creating power systems
To create a valid power system, you must combine a current system and a voltage system. You can
create power systems from mapped and hard-wired phase systems.
To create a power system:

1. From the Analog signals, drag the voltage system to the Power systems. An incomplete
power system appears.
2. From the Analog signals, drag the current system to the incomplete power system created in
step 1.
The power system is now complete and valid.

Tip: Create a power system by dragging a Sampled Value directly onto Power systems.
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Understanding the Properties section

The Properties section displays the properties of the signal selected in the Signal pool. This section
is read-only for analog signals and power systems. For mapped binary signals, you can define the
Comparator to evaluate the GOOSE value.
Evaluating whether a binary signal is true or false

Every GOOSE has at least one attribute subject to a logical comparison. You can configure the
GOOSE’s attributes comparator in Properties > Comparator. The binary signal is considered true if
the result of the comparison of all selected attributes is true.
Tip: Map the same GOOSE data attribute multiple times to create several binary inputs with different
conditions of the same payload.
To evaluate whether a binary signal is true or false:

1. In the Comparator section, clear the Inverted check box.
2. Select the attributes for comparison.
3. Configure the comparator of the selected attributes.
The logical conjunction (AND) of the result of each individual comparison defines whether the
binary signal is true of false.
To invert the result of each comparator, select the Inverted check box. This procedure is useful when
dealing with negative logic.
As shown in the following figure, the binary signal “Gin1” is true if the Boolean attribute value is true.
Figure 20: Example of a mapped binary input signal
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5.1.6 Recording
In Recording, you select for each device the signals and the network traffic per port for recording, set
trigger conditions and post-trigger actions, and define the storage location on the device to save the
recording files. Finally, you can arm the devices with the trigger conditions or start the recordings
immediately.
Understanding the Recording overview
The Recording overview on the Recording section (Overview) provides a summary of the
configured recording. When you click a link, you are directed to the corresponding section within the
device.
You can control the recording simultaneously or individually per device. The following buttons are
used to operate all devices simultaneously.
Wait for the trigger condition to become true
Start the recording immediately
Stop the armed state or the recording
Note: To operate each device independently, use the individual buttons per device.
Selecting signals
In the Signals section you can add available signals to the recording pool. There is no difference
between mapped or hard-wired signals. When you add signals of a phase system to the recording
pool, all phases are added by default.
To add signals to the recording pool, from Available signals, drag the appropriate signal to the
Signals section.
To remove signals from the recording pool, select the signals, and then click Remove. You can use
Ctrl and Shift for multiple selections.
Tip: Instead of dragging the signal, double-click the signal to add it in a quicker way.
Selecting and filtering network traffic
In the Traffic section you can record Ethernet packets (traffic) captured on a certain port (A, B, or
ETH) to a PCAP file. The traffic can be filtered based on the options you choose in the filter details.
When you enable recording traffic on a port the default criteria is to record traffic that contains only
mapped GOOSE and Sampled Values—the traffic selection is based on the destination MAC address.
If you want to record IPv4 traffic you can define a source IP address filter. Additionally, you can also
define generic Ethertypes in the filter to record any kind of other traffic.
All All traffic on the respective port is recorded.
Mapped Only traffic from mapped GOOSE or Sampled Values is recorded.
SCL Only traffic that belongs to IEDs in the system under test is recorded.
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Used IEDs Only traffic that belongs to the used IEDs in the system under test is recorded.
Custom Only traffic whose destination MAC address, source IP address, and/or Ethertype
have been entered manually is recorded.
None No traffic is recorded.
Note: Choosing “All” may produce a high amount of data, especially when recording
Sampled Values. Choosing "All" for generic Ethertypes will overrule all other filter
settings.
Example
You want to record on a PCAP file the traffic containing:
 GOOSE mapped to “DANEO 1”
 GOOSE captured on port A
 Sampled Values from used IEDs
 Traffic containing the sender IP address “10.10.5.33”
To meet the above requirements:

1. Enable recording on port A
2.In the GOOSE destination addresses, choose “Mapped”

3.In the Sampled Value destination addresses, choose “Used IEDs”
4.In the IP host addresses, choose “Custom”
5.Enter “10.10.5.33” in the appropriate field, and click and if required delete other existing IP
addresses in the list.
The result is a group of MAC addresses and one IP address that reveal the desired traffic as shown
below.
Figure 21: Traffic recording configuration (Filter details)
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Understanding and configuring the trigger settings

The trigger settings comprise a pre-trigger time, a post-trigger time, a lockout period, and a re-arming
option.
Pre-trigger Represents the recording time before the trigger condition becomes true. The
recorded data is stored in a buffer in the device.
When you select Maximum, the whole data of the buffer will be stored into the
recording. Otherwise, you can enter a value between 0 … 10 s to limit the pre-trigger
duration and reduce the amount of data in the recording.
Post-trigger Represents the recording time after the trigger condition has been met.
When you select Unlimited, the record spans through the maximum allowed period,
which is limited by the available space of used storage. Otherwise, you can enter a
value to limit the post-trigger duration.
Lockout Represents the sleep time-period after the post-trigger period as elapsed and before
the re-arming of the device.
Re-arming Offers the option to re-arm the device after a recording.
When you select Unlimited, the device shall re-arm infinite times. Otherwise, you can
enter the number of times that the device shall re-arm.
After configuring the trigger settings, the application shows the estimated recording file size. This
estimated size excludes the traffic recordings configured in the Traffic section.
Note: The trigger settings are user desired values, which may not be fulfilled due to limited storage
space and the trigger occurrence.
Creating trigger conditions
In Trigger, you can create the trigger condition to start the recording. The trigger condition can be
based on a time stamp, on a binary or analog input measurement, or a combination of any of these
conditions. By combining several conditions you form a logical operation with a single output, which is
the trigger condition. The available logical operators are AND, OR, NAND, and NOR.
To configure the trigger condition:

1. From the Available signals, drag the appropriate signal to the Trigger condition section. A
block representing a condition for the signal appears.
2. Configure the condition. The resulting condition determines the trigger right away if there are
no further conditions to combine.
When you add multiple conditions to create the trigger condition, each one creates a new
condition-block. All blocks are then combined through a logical operator.
3. Drag the new signal to the that appears next to the already inserted block. A logical
operator appears.
4. In the logical operator, choose the logical operation. Continue this procedure if you need to
add further conditions.
Tip: Instead of dragging the signal, double-click the signal to add it to the trigger condition in a quicker
way. The new condition-block appends to the next available input of a logical operator.
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DANEO 400
Configuring the post-trigger action

With the post-trigger action, you can configure what the device outputs when the recording has
finished.
Possible actions are sending a GOOSE message or setting a binary output to a certain value.
The GOOSE message can be used as a trigger input for another device.
To send a GOOSE message, select the appropriate port(s) and configure the GOOSE details. Ports A
and B cannot be used when they are in TAP mode.
To set a binary output to a certain level, select the binary output. The selected binary outputs are set
to true. When you select Inverted, the value is inverted (negative logic).
Storage location
In the Storage, you can define the location where to store the recording files. In addition to the
device’s internal disk, you can also use external storage devices such as USB flash drives or external
HDDs.
When you click a disk in the Drives section, the disk details and recording files on the disk become
available in the Details and the Recording sections, respectively.
To define the default storage disk, click the appropriate disk, and then click Use storage as default.
The default disk is used whenever it is connected and available; otherwise the internal disk is used.
To safely remove a disk, click the appropriate disk, and then click Safely remove disk.
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5.1.7 Observation
In the Observation, you can observe hard-wired and mapped analog/binary signals, as well as traffic.
The following table shows the available measurements and their parameters.
Measurements Signal parameters
Analog signals Magnitude, phase, RMS, DC, frequency, and frequency change.
In a phase system there are also magnitude and phase of the symmetric
components (zero, positive, and negative).
Independent signals (not in a phase system) appear in
Not in a phase system.
Power systems Active, apparent, reactive power, and cos(φ).
Binary signals All defined binary signals.
Traffic per port Packets/s and Bytes/s for each port (A, B, and ETH).
Adding signals for observation

In the Navigation pane, you need to expand the devices to see the signals available for observation.
To observe a signal, drag it to the Observation pane.
You can also double-click it. A graph and the value (right side) at the current instant appear. The
graphs are refreshed every 1 second.
Configuring the Observation pane
You can adjust the visible time and zoom level by using the respective sliders at the top.
Tip: With multiple signals already visible in the Observation pane, you can now drag them to other
positions.
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Y-axis scaling
To adjust the Y-axis range, click the Y-axis button (left of the graph). The Y-axis scaling dialog opens
and you can click the buttons to set the custom value. When the button unit is percentage, the
resulting values are derived from the nominal value.
When you select Auto, the range is calculated automatically based on the measured values.
Note: Binary changes with durations lower than 100 ms are recorded, but not visualized in the binary
observation diagram.
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5.1.8 Tools
From the Tools menu, you can access the following dialogs: Options, Firmware update,
License update, and Diagnosis.
Options dialog
Figure 22: Options dialog

The options are saved as user-preferred settings and are re-used whenever the same user opens
DANEO Control again.
Display settings
Choose your preferred phase names. Changes take effect immediately.
Default configuration settings

To enter default frequency, voltage, and current names. Voltages and currents in the primary and
secondary are used as a conversion factor in DANEO 400 analog inputs. For example, a primary
voltage of 110.00 kV and a secondary voltage of 100.00 V create a factor of 1.10 kV/V.
Note: Changes made in this dialog will take effect only for newly created acquisition files.
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DANEO 400
Firmware update
The firmware update can be performed only for used devices that are either configurable, in recovery
mode, or require a firmware update. An ongoing verification/sniffing, observation, recording, or just
being armed will prevent the device from being upgraded.
A firmware update is required if the major software version has changed. Minor software versions are
compatible and do not require a firmware update.
In case a firmware update is required, no other actions can be performed.
To manually update the firmware, click Tools > Firmware update.
By default, the firmware update that came with the last installation is used for the actual firmware
update and the corresponding version is displayed. You can use a local firmware image by clearing
the Default image check box and browsing the custom image path.
During the firmware update, you may also need to update the slaves. A slave can be either the
internal slave or an external extension device. The slave is automatically rebooted without the need for
rebooting the device. In case a slave update is required only (represented again through an issue), the
slave update is performed as a single step.
A step-based progress is displayed (finished or error). The following figure shows the firmware update
progress.
Figure 23: Firmware update progress

The whole firmware update may take up to two minutes including reboot and slave updates.
Important:
 During the firmware update, the bandwidth is not limited.
 Extension devices are automatically updated during the firmware update process if needed.
To avoid an automatic update, unplug the extension devices.
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License update
There are two licenses for a DANEO 400 device. With the basic license you can measure and record
conventional (analog and binary) signals. With the standard license you can additionally measure and
record traffic from power utility communication networks and you get the IEC 61850 capabilities.
Figure 24: License update

A license update is used to add IEC 61850 and network capabilities to a device with a basic license.
Licenses are associated with the serial number of a device, so you can use a license file only for the
device it is meant for. Because of that, you can only select one device at a time for license update.
The license update has restrictions similar to the firmware update (configurable, not being armed,
etc.). As with the firmware update, all other actions are blocked during a license update.
If the license file is invalid, DANEO 400 will report an error and is reverted to basic license.
Note: The device may be rebooted during the license update.
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DANEO 400
Diagnosis
Devices in the measurement system can be subject to a diagnosis. When the diagnosis is complete,
you can save the diagnosis or send it to the technical support. The diagnosis cannot be started if the
device is offline, locked by another user, armed, or in recording state. In these situations, you can
save or send the PC log file.
To run the diagnosis:

1. Click Tools > Diagnosis.
2. Select the devices, and click Start.
Once the diagnosis has completed, you can:

a. Choose your region, and click Send to send the diagnosis via email.
Note: Your default email client (for example Microsoft Outlook) will open containing
the files attached for the technical support. You may get an error message if your
email client is not supported or you do not have an email client at all.
b. Click Save to save the diagnosis file to your computer.
3. Click Close.
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5.2 Analysis
In the Analysis workspace, you can access the Event view and add Time Signal Analysis or
Propagation Delay views to run multiple analyses. You can analyze recordings located either on a
reachable device or on a defined folder location on your local hard disk.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12
1 Takes you to the home screen.

2 Menu bar: Provides options for saving files.
3 Sources pane: To select devices from the list of reachable devices and define folder locations
containing the recordings.
4 Add a new Time Signal Analysis or Propagation Delay view.
5 Timeline.
6 The bar represents a recording. The pin indicates the trigger instant.
7 Event: To navigate to previous, next, or most recent event.
8 Zoom: Changes the zoom to hour, day, week, month, or year view if there are events spread
throughout such time span.
9 To place the timeline at the selected day. You can only select days where events have
occurred.
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DANEO 400
10 To open the Help or the About dialog.

11 To refresh the recordings from the defined sources.
12 Sliding window to focus the diagram view to a specific time range.
5.2.1 Collecting recordings of an event

Finding events—navigating on the timeline
In the Event view you can search and select recordings to analyze. Online devices appear
automatically in the list of reachable devices within the Sources pane.
To see recordings from certain devices, expand the Sources pane, and clear the undesired devices.
A pin on the diagram indicates the trigger instant of a recording event. When you click the pin or
increase the zoom, each recording is displayed as a bar on a timeline.
Data sources
To add and remove folders from local or external discs containing recordings, from the Sources pane,
click Add. The list of folders remains unchanged even after restarting the application or starting a new
analysis.
Collecting the recordings
Recordings (or whole events) can be added to the Analysis recording data section, a list of all
recordings you intend to analyze.
To add a recording for analysis, select the recording from the timeline, and then click Add. The
recording appears in the Analysis recording data.
To remove a recording, click the appropriate recording from the Analysis recording data list, and
then click Remove.
To show a recording in the timeline, select the recording from the Analysis recording data list, and
then click Show.
Before the actual analysis, you have to load all recordings to your local computer. If the loading is
successful, the recording’s icon shows green. If an error occurs, the respective recording’s icon shows
red. To load recordings to your computer, click Collect. You can now export signals and recorded
traffic or start the analysis.
If you add or remove recordings while you are analyzing, the Time Signal Analysis and
Propagation Delay views will dynamically add/remove the according signals and remove deserted
diagrams.
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COMTRADE and PCAP export

The instantaneous and binary signals of loaded recordings can be exported in COMTRADE 1999
format. You can also specify the signals to be exported, the sampling frequency, the COMTRADE
format, and the save path.
There is the possibility to directly open the exported file in an application associated to .cfg files, such
as the OMICRON application TransView. These applications are not included in DANEO Control and
have to be installed separately. For example, in case TransView is not found, the COMTRADE file is
exported correctly and an error message is displayed.
Recorded traffic can be exported by the captured ports (A, B, ETH) and is saved in PCAP format. One
file per selected port is generated.
Creating an analysis
You can create multiple time signal analysis and propagation delay views and therefore run multiple
analyses.
To create a new analysis, on the Event view, click Analysis, and then click Time Signal Analysis or
Propagation Delay.
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DANEO 400
5.2.2 Time signal analysis

The list of devices and their recorded signals appear in the Navigation pane. By drag and drop or
through double click, the signals are displayed in different types of diagrams.
Available diagrams:
 Instantaneous signals: Instantaneous, cursor, and calculation
 RMS, DC: The according value as time diagram, cursor, and calculation
 Phasor: Magnitude and phase time diagram, cursor, and calculation
 df/dt: f, df/dt cursor, and calculation
 Binary: Binary trace, and GOOSE packets for a mapped binary signal
 Traffic: Byte/s, packets/s, cursor, and calculation
The following figure shows an example of a time signal analysis displaying analog and binary signals.
Figure 25: Example of a time signal analysis

The cursor diagram shows the signal’s values and/or components at the selected cursor’s position.
The calculation diagram can additionally perform basic calculation operations (addition, subtraction,
division, multiplication) based on the cursor position values.
The GOOSE packets diagram is available for mapped binary signals from GOOSE. It displays
information about the GOOSE packet that caused the current state of the binary signal at the selected
cursor.
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All signals can be removed from a diagram or copied via drag and drop into a new diagram. Where
applicable, they can also be copied into another already existing diagram.
A visible analog signal can be highlighted or hidden. All diagrams can be zoomed and optimized in
their X- and Y-axis range.
5.2.3 Propagation delay analysis
You can create a propagation delay analysis from loaded recordings containing at least two PCAP
files or traffic recorded on two ports of the same device. This type of analysis enables you to create
histograms showing the propagation delay of packets between two different locations in the network.
The following figure shows an example of a propagation delay analysis displaying a propagation delay
histogram.
Figure 26: Propagation delay histogram showing the propagation delay of packets between two different
locations captured by two different DANEO 400 units
There are various filter options available. You can filter for a subset of all loaded recordings, for source
and/or destination MAC address, for GOOSE, sampled values, and generic Ethertypes found at least
in one of the PCAP files.
Applying the filter leads to the Results view where you can further specify the traffic you are
interested, for example double click or drag a particular GOOSE.
55
DANEO 400
When creating a propagation analysis, you have to choose which location is the reference and which
one is the investigated. The propagation analysis generates a histogram of the packet delay in relation
to the reference recording.
56
Web interface
6 Web interface
DANEO 400 hosts a web server for providing status information and configuration via a web interface.
With the web interface it is also possible to observe or capture network traffic and browse the
recordings on the device.
6.1 Homepage
The DANEO 400 homepage in the figure below is displayed when connecting to DANEO 400 with a
browser by specifying the device's IP address or URL.
Clicking DANEO 400 logo in the upper left corner redirects to the homepage.
Figure 27: Homepage of DANEO 400 web interface
6.1.1 Overview and connected clients

The overview section shows general information about the device. You can also set the device name.
There are five possible device statuses:
Idle: The device is ready for configuration.
Running: The device is sniffing the network or recording, afterwards it continues in the running status.
When the device is running, the Acquisition > Stop button is available to change the device status to
Idle.
Sniffing: The device is sniffing the network (GOOSE, SV).
Armed: The device is waiting for the trigger condition in order to start the recording (sub-status of
Running).
57
DANEO 400
Recording: The device is recording.
The Connected clients section shows the list of clients using the device, their IP address, and
whether they are locking the device. The table shows one entry for each client connected to
DANEO Control. Clients connected through the web interface appear only once as “Web interface”.
6.2 Network
6.2.1 Network interfaces
The Network section provides similar options as for the Connection options in DANEO Control. For
further details, refer to section “Configuring the connection options” on page 29. In the Network
section of the web interface there is no information about USB connection, but you can find
information about the MAC address of the Ethernet ports.
6.3 Observation
The Observation section provides traffic observation in two forms, packets per second and bytes per
second. Select the Ethernet port to see its traffic statistic in the corresponding diagram.
6.3.1 GOOSE and Sampled Values
The GOOSE and Sampled Values sections provide options for sniffing the network. When you click a
found GOOSE or Sampled Value stream, its Details list appears to the right. The found GOOSE or
Sampled Value stream can be used in Acquisition for configuring the recording filter.
Searching GOOSE and Sampled Values
You can search a GOOSE or Sampled Value stream by entering its destination or source MAC
address or part of it.
You can also search a GOOSE by the control block and dataset reference, and Sampled Values by
their SVID.
6.4 Acquisition
In Acquisition, you can configure and perform recordings. A time trigger condition can be defined to
arm the device for recording and the storage location can be selected.
In the Filters section, you select the ports for recording and configure their traffic filters. A filter can
include GOOSE and SV destination MAC addresses, IPv4 source IP addresses, and other traffic
Ethertypes.
When you select Custom, you can add custom addresses or add the sniffed GOOSE or Sampled
Values from Observation.
The filter options in the web interface slightly differ from the filter options in DANEO Control. The web
interface has the option to select None for GOOSE and SV, which excludes this kind of traffic from the
recording.
Note: An icon appears in the Trigger condition section to indicate that the time in the device is
different of the time in the computer.
58
Web interface
6.5 Recordings
In the Recordings section you can browse, delete, and download recordings from the device to the
computer.
6.6 Time
The Time section is similar to DANEO Control. Refer to section “Configuring the time synchronization”
on page 30 to understand its functionality.
6.7 System
6.7.1 Status
Some general information about DANEO 400 system:
 Product name
 Serial number
 Host name
 Kernel
 Uptime
 Diagnosis (Start > Download)
 Firmware version
To understand the diagnosis, refer to section “Diagnosis” on page 50.
6.7.2 Licenses information
Open source license information is displayed to view copyright and license information regarding open
source products used in DANEO 400 software.
Please refer to section “Open Source Software License Information” on page 71.
59
DANEO 400 hardware
7 DANEO 400 hardware

The DANEO 400 hardware interface is located at the front and rear panels of the device.
7.1 Front panel

1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 Ethernet network process ports

2 USB 3.0 device port to connect external storage devices
3 EtherCAT output ports for extension devices, such as binary I/O extension box, capable of
powering devices with PoE+ (~25 W each port)
4 Binary outputs
5 Power-status LED
6 Ethernet network control port
7 USB 2.0 host control port
8 General device status LEDs
9 Reset button
10 EtherCAT communication status LEDs
11 Analog/binary inputs
12 Power switch
13 Handle
61
DANEO 400
The two general device status LEDs (S1, S2) are indicating the following different device states:
Orange LED (S1) Green LED (S2) Device state
Off Off Rebooted
On Off Booting (RLK or OLK)
Off Blinking Recovery mode
Normal mode (idle or running, ECAT LEDs indicate
Off On
RUN state)
Blinking On Armed
On On Recording
Blinking Blinking Error (runtime error until stop)
The two EtherCAT communication status LEDs (Run, Error) are defined by the EtherCAT standard.
The Run LED indicates the current state of the EtherCAT state machine (“Off” is idle state; “Blinking” is
pre-operation state, “On” is operation state). The Error LED indicates different error codes defined by
the standard (“Off” is no error).
7.2 Rear panel

On the rear panel you find the power socket and the power fuse.
7.3 Flexible housing

The housing of DANEO 400 is very flexible. It can be configured for different working positions by
rotating and moving the device handle.
For placing DANEO 400 on the floor, the handle can be used as floor stand as shown in the figure
below. If the handle is not required (for example to stack multiple devices) you can easily stash it to
the rear side of DANEO 400.
Figure 28: DANEO 400 flexible housing
62
Technical data
8 Technical data
8.1 Guaranteed values
 The values are valid for the period of one year after factory calibration, within 23 °C ±5 °C at
nominal value and after a warm-up time greater than 25 min.
 The given input/output accuracy values relate to the range limit value (% of range limit value).
8.2 Power supply

Main power supply
Connection Connector according to IEC 60320
Voltage, single phase
nominal voltage 100 ... 240 V AC
operational range 85 ... 264 V AC
Power fuse T 12.5 AH 250 V (5 x 20 mm)
"Schurter", order number 0001.2515
Nominal current 10 A
Frequency
nominal frequency 50/60 Hz
operational range 45 ... 65 Hz
Overvoltage category II
8.3 Analog measurement inputs

Analog inputs: ANALOG INPUT 1...10
Number of analog measurement inputs 10
Measurement ranges
(RMS value of the sinusoidal shaped 10 mV, 100 mV, 1 V, 10 V, 100 V, 600 V
input signal)
Crest factor 1.75
Sampling frequency 10 kHz
40 kHz
Input impedance (1 MΩ ±2%) || (170 pF ±50 pF)
Measurement category CAT II / 600 V
CAT III / 300 V
CAT IV / 150 V
Temperature drift <25 ppm/K
63
DANEO 400
8.3.1 Magnitude accuracy

The maximum measurement error is specified in the unit percent (%).
The error composed by two parts, the first one referring to the actual reading and the second one
referring to the measurement range.
Maximum error
Sampling frequency 10 kHz / 40 kHz 10 kHz / 40 kHz 10 kHz 40 kHz
Frequency range DC 10 Hz ... 1 kHz 1 kHz ... 4 kHz 1 kHz ... 10 kHz
10 mV 0.08 + 0.5 0.20 + 0.3 0.20 + 0.3 0.20 + 0.3
100 mV 0.08 + 0.07 0.08 + 0.05 0.16 + 0.04 0.16 + 0.04
1V 0.08 + 0.02 0.08 + 0.02 0.16 + 0.04 0.16 + 0.04
10 V 0.08 + 0.02 0.08 + 0.02 0.16 + 0.04 0.16 + 0.04
100 V 0.08 + 0.02 0.08 + 0.02 0.16 + 0.04 0.16 + 0.04
600 V 0.08 + 0.02 0.08 + 0.02 0.16 + 0.04 0.16 + 0.04
8.3.2 Phase and frequency accuracy

The phase and frequency accuracy are specified for signal levels above 10% of the range and
sinusoidal signals.
Accuracy of frequency and phase measurements
Sample Frequency range Maximum error
frequency Frequency measurement Phase measurement
10 kHz 15 Hz … 70 Hz
0.01% 0.1º
40 kHz 15 Hz … 70 Hz
The phase and frequency accuracy are not guaranteed for the 10mV range.
64
Technical data
8.4 Binary inputs

Binary inputs: BINARY INPUT 1...10
Number of binary inputs 10
Trigger criteria Potential-free or DC-voltage compared to threshold voltage
Sampling frequency 10 kHz
Time resolution 100 µs
Max. measuring time unlimited
Debounce time 0 … 500 ms (refer to “Debouncing input signals” below)
Deglitch time 0 … 500 ms (refer to “Deglitching input signals” below)
Configuration Binary inputs can be configured. Refer to DANEO Control Help.
Connection 4 mm/0.16 " banana sockets on the front panel
Insulation 10 galvanic insulated binary inputs. Functional isolation between
with 4 mm creepage between channels.
Reinforced insulation from all SELV interfaces and from power
supply.
Data for potential-free operation

Trigger criteria Logical 0: R > 80 kΩ
Logical 1: R < 20 kΩ
Input impedance (125 kΩ ± 20%) || (170 pF ±50 pF)
65
DANEO 400
Deglitching input signals

In order to suppress short spurious pulses a deglitching algorithm could be configured. The deglitch
process results in an additional dead time and introduces a signal delay. In order to be detected as a
valid signal level, the level of an input signal must have a constant value at least during the deglitch
time. The figure below illustrates the deglitch function.
Figure 29: Signal curve, deglitching input signals
Debouncing input signals

For input signals with a bouncing characteristic, a debounce function can be configured. This means
that the first change of the input signal causes the debounced input signal to be changed and then be
kept on this signal value for the duration of the debounce time.
The debounce function is placed after the deglitch function described above and both are realized by
the firmware of DANEO 400 and are calculated in real time.
The figure below illustrates the debounce function. On the right-hand side of the figure, the debounce
time is too short. As a result, the debounced signal rises to “high” once again, even while the input
signal is still bouncing and does not drop to low level until the expiry of another period Tdebounce.
Figure 30: Signal curve, debounce input signals
66
Technical data
8.5 Binary outputs

Binary output relays: BINARY OUTPUT 1...4
Number of binary outputs 4
AC loading Vmax=300 V AC; Imax=8 A; Smax=2000 VA
DC loading Vmax=300 V DC; Imax=8 A; Pmax=50 W (refer to load limit curve)
Switch-on current 15 A (max. 4 s at 10 % duty-cycle)
Electrical lifetime 100000 switching cycles at 230 V AC / 8 A and ohmic load
Pickup time Approx. 6 ms
Fall back time Approx. 3 ms
Bounce time Approx. 0.5 ms
Connectors 4 mm/0.16 " banana sockets
Insulation Reinforced insulation from all SELV interfaces and from power
supply
The diagram below shows the load limit curve for DC voltages. For AC voltages, a maximum power of
2000 VA is achieved.
Figure 31: Load limit curve for relays on the binary outputs with DC voltages
67
DANEO 400
8.6 Ethernet ports

All Ethernet ports support Power over Ethernet (PoE) according to IEEE 802.3af and IEEE 802.3at.
The accumulated output power of all PoE ports is limited to 75 W.
8.6.1 Control and network ports
Ethernet ports ETH1 and ETH2
Type 10/100/1000Base-TX
Connector RJ45
Cable type LAN cable of category 5 (CAT5) or better
Green LED: physical link present
Status indication
Yellow LED: traffic on interface
Power over Ethernet (PoE) IEEE 802.3af (PoE) and IEEE 802.3at (PoE+) compliant
8.6.2 Extension ports

Extension ports OUT1 and OUT2
Type 10/100Base-TX
Connector RJ45
Cable type LAN cable of category 5 (CAT5) or better
Green LED: physical link present
Status indication
Yellow LED: traffic on interface
Power over Ethernet (PoE) IEEE 802.3af (PoE) and IEEE 802.3at (PoE+) compliant
8.7 USB
8.7.1 Control port
USB control port
USB type USB 2.0 high speed (480 Mbit/s)
USB 1.1 compatible (12 Mbit/s)
USB connector USB type B
USB cable 2 m USB 2.0 high speed type A-B
8.7.2 Storage port

USB storage port
USB type USB 3.0 ultra speed (5 Gbit/s)
USB connector USB type A
Output current Up to 900 mA
68
Technical data
8.8 Environmental conditions

Climate
Operating temperature 0 °C ... +50 °C
Storage and transportation -25 °C ... +70 °C
Maximum altitude
Operating 4000 m
Non-operating 15000 m
Humidity 5 % … 95 % relative humidity; no condensation
8.9 Mechanical data

Size, weight, and protection
Mass Approx. 7.0 kg
Dimensions W x H x D without
450 x 145 x 390 mm
handle
Ingress protection IP20 according to EN 60529
8.10 Cleaning
To clean DANEO 400, use a cloth dampened with isopropanol alcohol or water. Prior to cleaning,
always unplug all connectors so that all hazardous life parts are disconnected and the device is turned
off.
69
DANEO 400
8.11 Safety standards, electromagnetic compatibility, certificates

CE conformity and requirements
The product adheres to the specifications of the guidelines of the council of the
European Community for meeting the requirements of the member states regarding
the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Directive 2004/108/EC and the low voltage
Directive 2006/95/EC.
EMC
Emission
Europe EN 61326-1; EN 61000-6-4; EN 61000-3-2/3
International IEC 61326-1; IEC 61000-6-4; IEC 61000-3-2/3
USA FCC Subpart B of Part 15 Class A
Immunity
Europe EN 61326-1; EN 61000-6-2; EN 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/11
International IEC 61326-1; IEC 61000-6-2; IEC 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/11
Certified safety standards

Europe EN 61010-1
International IEC 61010-1
USA UL 61010-1
Canada CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 61010-1-04
70
Open source software license information
9 Open source software license information

Parts of DANEO Control software are under OMICRON license, other parts are under open source
software licenses.
DANEO 400 contains the following open source components:
Open source component License type
boost MIT
boot-format GPLv2
buildbot-slave GPL2
busybox GPL2
calibrator BSD
calimero_avahi LGPL2
calimero_omflite Proprietary
cppcms Commercial
dhcp BSD
e2fsprogs GPL2
ecatmaster Proprietary
ethtool GPL2
expat MIT
fcgi MIT
glibc LGPL
hdparm BSD
hydra Proprietary
ics9fg104_ctrl Proprietary
iproute2 GPL
libarchive BSD
libconfigpp LGPL2
libdaemon LGPL2
libgtest NEWBSD
liblog4cpp LGPL
libpcap BSD
libpcre BSD
libusbstring LGPL2
lighttpd BSD
lm_sensors GPL2
71
DANEO 400
logagent Proprietary
maio GPL2
mtd-utils GPL2
ncurses MIT
net-snmp BSD
nose LGPL
omippc_kernel GPL2
omippc_pwr_fail GPL2
openresolv BSD
openssh BSD
openssl BSD
otpid Proprietary
pita Proprietary
procps GPL2
protobuf BSD
ptpdoo Proprietary
pv Artistic2
pyro MIT
python PSF
rt-tests GPL2
subscomm Proprietary
sval_sim Proprietary
tcpdump BSD
tron_firmware_binaries Proprietary
tron_uboot GPL2
tsil Proprietary
twisted MIT
usbcontrol Proprietary
util-linux libblkid/COPYING
vim Charityware
watchdog_kicker Proprietary
zlib BSD
zope.interface ZPL2.1
You can find the corresponding license information file “DANEO400LicenseInformation.txt” in the
Application Folder of the installed software, for example:
72
Open source software license information
C:\Program Files\OMICRON\DANEO Control\OpenSource. Additionally, the license information can be

displayed by launching DANEO 400 web interface and clicking the License Information hyperlink on
the system page.
DANEO Control software contains the following open source components:

Open source component License type
Enterprise Library MS-PL
Boost C++ Libraries Boost
Resource Description Framework (RDF) Apache 2.0
Google Protocol Buffers (protobuf) BSD3
pugixml XML parser for C++ MIT
Log4cpp C++ classes for flexible logging LGPL 2.1
WinPCAP BSD
protobuf-net Apache 2.0
You can find the corresponding license information file

“DANEOControlSoftwareLicenseInformation.txt” in the Application Folder of the installed software, for
example: C:\Program Files\OMICRON\DANEO Control\OpenSource. Additionally, the license
information can be displayed in the DANEO Control Copyright dialog (Click > About > Third Party
Licenses).
The open source code is available on the Internet via www.omicron.at/opensource.
73
Glossary
Glossary
CID Configured IED Description
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
GOOSE Generic Object Oriented Substation Event
ICD IED Capability Description
IED Intelligent Electronic Device
IID Instantiated IED Description
IP Internet Protocol
LD Logical Device
MAC address Media Access Control address
OMFIND Protocol for finding devices on an Ethernet network
PoE Power over Ethernet (IEEE 802.3at)
PTP Precision Time Protocol (IEEE 1588, IEEE C27.238)
SCL Substation Configuration Language
SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage
STP Spanning Tree Protocol
SV Sampled Values
URL Uniform Resource Locator
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
XML Extensible Markup Language
75
Support
Support
When you are working with our products we want to provide you with the greatest possible benefits. If
you need any support, we are here to assist you!
24/7 Technical support – Get support
www.omicron.at/support
www.omicronusa.com/support
Offering our customers outstanding support is one of our top priorities. At our technical support hotline,
you can reach well-educated technicians for all of your questions. Around the clock—competent and
free of charge.
Make use of our 24/7 international technical support hotline: +43 59495 4444.
Additionally, you can find our Service Center or Sales Partner closest to you at www.omicron.at or
www.omicronusa.com.
Customer area – Stay informed
www.omicron.at/customer
www.omicronusa.com/customer
The customer area on our website is an international knowledge exchange platform. Download the
latest software updates for all products and share your own experiences in our user forum.
Browse through the knowledge library and find application notes, conference papers, articles about
daily working experiences, user manuals, and much more.
OMICRON Academy – Learn more
www.omicron.at/academy
www.omicronusa.com/academy
Learn more about your product in one of the training courses offered by the OMICRON Academy.
OMICRON electronics GmbH, Oberes Ried 1, 6833 Klaus, Austria, +43 59495
77
Index
Index
hybrid measurement and recording device........... 11
.
.cfg files ................................................................ 53 L
Licenses information............................................. 59
B Lockout ................................................................. 43
logical comparison ................................................ 40
Binary inputs
Technical data .................................................. 65
Binary Outputs M
Technical Data.................................................. 67 Main power supply ............................................... 63
Mechanical Data ................................................... 69
C mirror ports ........................................................... 14
Certificates............................................................ 70
Cleaning ............................................................... 69 N
COMTRADE ......................................................... 53 Network ................................................................ 58
COMTRADE 1999 ................................................ 53 network diagram ................................................... 37
Configuration and web interface ........................... 57
Connection options
Configuring ....................................................... 29 O
control multiple devices ........................................ 12
conventional signals ............................................. 11 Open source software license information............ 71
conversion factors ................................................ 31
P
D PCAP.................................................................... 53
DANEO 400 hardware main features ................... 11 PDF format ............................................................. 7
DANEO Control software main features ............... 12 Post-trigger ........................................................... 43
Device overview ................................................... 11 Power supply
Technical data .................................................. 63
Pre-trigger ............................................................ 43
E
Electromagnetic Compatibility .............................. 70 R
Environmental Conditions ..................................... 69
Re-arming............................................................. 43
F
S
flash drive ............................................................. 24
safety instructions ............................................... 7, 9
Safety Standards .................................................. 70
G Support ................................................................. 77
System ................................................................. 59
Glossary ............................................................... 75
T
H
taps ...................................................................... 14
hard disk ............................................................... 24 Technical data ...................................................... 63
79
DANEO 400
Time ..................................................................... 59
TransView ............................................................ 53
W
Web interface ....................................................... 57
wiring the terminals ................................................ 9
80

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DANEO 400

Manual Version: DANEO400.ENU.1

This manual is a publication of OMICRON electronics.

5.2.1 Collecting recordings of an event .............................................................................................. 52

This manual includes the following chapters:

1.2 Documentation overview

2.1 For your safety

2.2 Rules for use

3 DANEO 400 overview

3.2 Key features

DANEO 400 hardware main features are:

DANEO Control software main features are:

3.3 Distributed system

3.4 Hybrid measurement

4 Connections and interfaces

Figure 1: DANEO 400 connections and interfaces

4.1 Ethernet ports

4.2 USB control port

4.3 Capturing network traffic

4.4 Examples of network connection options

Figure 2: Symbols used to exemplify different network connection options

Single DANEO 400 with implicit synchronization

CO03 – Control via USB, capturing on A, B, and ETH

In configurations as shown above, it is not recommended to enable the tap mode of

CO04 – Tapping a trunk link

CO05 – Tapping an edge link

CO06 – Capturing using an external tap

Single DANEO 400 with explicit synchronization

CO07 – Time synchronized capturing using an external tap

CO08 – Time synchronized capturing using tap mode

CO09 – Time synchronized capturing using tap mode

CO10 – Time synchronized capturing with control over the network

CO11 – Time synchronized with PTP over the network

Multiple DANEO 400 devices in a measurement system

CO13 – WAN scenario with complete PTP infrastructure

4.5 Storage interface

4.6 Extension Interfaces

4.7 Binary outputs

4.8 Analog/binary inputs

Figure 17: DANEO Control home screen

5.1.1 Signal pool concept

5.1.2 Measurement system

Using available devices

To configure the connection options:

To configure the time synchronization:

To use PTP as time source:

The device is PTP time synchronized

To use the internal clock as time source:

To configure the inputs:

The primary quantity is the primary voltage: .

The primary quantity is the primary current: .

The primary quantity is the primary current: .

At nominal primary current we get:

5.1.3 System under test

Manually adding, selecting, and removing IEDs

Figure 19: IEC 61850 SCL verification

Issues during the verification Result

Associating an orphan with an IED

5.1.4 Network diagram