ES G7

______________________________________________________________________________________

Name: ________________________ Date: ____________ Score: ________

Environmental Science
Quarter 2 – Module 2
The Pyramid of Energy
Objectives:
1. Explain the flow of transfer of energy in each organism in the Pyramid of
Energy.
2. Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
3. Identify the amount of transferred energy in each organism.

PRETEST

True or False - DIRECTIONS: Read each statement below. Encircle if you

AGREE with the statement and encircle if otherwise.

Statement Answer
1. A rabbit is an example of a primary consumer.

2. The pyramid of energy shows the transfer of

energy falls to each organism.
3. Only 5% of energy is transfer to each organism
based on the pryramid of energy.
4. Tertiary consumer gets the least amount of
energy at the pyramid of energy.
5. Producers are the only source of energy in the
pyramid of energy.
KEY CONCEPTS:
• An energy pyramid is a graphical representation, showing the flow of energy at
each trophic level in an ecosystem.
• Each trophic level acquire ten percent (10%) of energy from its prey.
• The very existence of those at the top of those pyramid depends on the capacity of
those below to maintain their existence in a way that adequately supplies the needs
of those on top through time. Furthermore, the amount of usable energy present in
each level of the food pyramid decreases as it flows higher up the food chain.

REVIEW

Who’s eating whom?

The image on the left is an example of a food

web that we have discussed last module. To
refresh ourselves with the lesson, you are task
to observed the image and answer the
following question.

1. Which of the following is the primary

consumer (give only one) on the food web?
_____________________
2. Which of the following is the secondary
consumer (give only one) on the food web?
___________________
3. Which of the following is the tertiary
consumer (give only one on the food web?
_____________________
4. Which of the following is the primary
Food Web
https://images.app.goo.gl/sB7kCNAgVv2eUcG16 producer (give only one) on the food web?
_____________________

INTRODUCTION

The most fundamental law governing our planet’s finite resources states that matter
cannot be created not destroyed. However, it can be reshaped or transformed. In
converting matter from one form to another, certain amount of energy is needed. Much
human activity is devoted to the taming and transformation of the matter from its raw of
natural from into products which human beings fine more convenient to use.

We have discussed the Law of Thermodynamic. They govern energy processes in

biological systems. The first law states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it
can only be transformed to another form. It states that the amount of energy in all its forms
remains constant. It is known as the LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
The second law states that, every time energy is transformed, it tends to go form a more
organized and concentrated form to a less organized or more dispersed form. During the
transformation of solar energy to chemical energy through photosynthesis, the two forms
of energy will not be equal unless heat losses are accounted for. This has its implications
in the trophic relationships. This law is known as the LAW OF DEGRATION OF ENERGY
QUALITY.

In this module, we will discover the connection of the Law of Thermodynamics in terms
of energy transfers at the pyramid of energy.

ACTIVITY #1

ENGAGE
Below is the diagram of how the pyramid of energy look like. On this activity, you will make your
own pyramid of energy using real life organisms. Provide a drawing of the pyramid and the
organism you chose and make sure to label it properly on the box below.

Picture 2.1: Pyramid of Energy

Source: www.ck12.org/biology/food-chain/lesson

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
 ACTIVITY #2

EXPLORE
For further understanding of what does the Pyramid of Energy, below is an illustration of
the percentage of energy being transferred to one organism to another. Of course you
need to clearly analyze the diagram and answer the follow-up questions.

Picture: Pyramid of Energy

Source: www.ck12.org/biology/food-chain/lesson

Processing Question:

1. How many percent of energy does the Primary Consumers get in the producers?
___________________________________________________________________

2. How many percent of energy does the Secondary Consumers get in the Primary
Consumers?
___________________________________________________________________

3. How many percent of energy does the Tertiary Consumers ger in the Secondary
Consumers?
___________________________________________________________________

4. To sum up, each trophic level gets how many percent of energy to the organisms
they consume?
___________________________________________________________________
Reading Comprehension

The pyramid of energy shows how the amount of available energy decreases at each
succeeding trophic level. Only ten (10) percent of the energy from the previous level is
captured by the next because some of the energy in the prey is expended for metabolism
or given off as heat. Biomass is the total weight of living matter at each trophic level. The
pyramid of biomass represents the total dry weight of living material available at each
trophic level.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
The pyramid representation constitutes the
overall structure of dependency among the
biotic or living elements in an ecosystem. At
the lowest level of the pyramid is the primary
producers or food sources. One may even go
further down and say that the base of the food
pyramid constitute organic matter that serves
as fertilizers or food sources.

Obviously, the sustainability of the pyramid

rests on the continuing presence and
efficiency of those at the bottom level. The
very existence of those at the top of those
pyramid depends on the capacity of those
below to maintain their existence in a way
that adequately supplies the needs of those Picture 2.2: The Pyramid of Energy
https://images.app.goo.gl/2kLJK9EDHmUWqdxA9
on top through time. Furthermore, the
amount of usable energy present in each level of the food pyramid decreases as it flows
higher up the food chain. Therefore, approximately on 10% high-quality energy present
in grain cereals is used up by herbivores while the remaining dissipated as heat.

Figure 3: The Pyramid of Biomass

ACTIVITY #3

APPLY
Now, on the pyramid you have made on Activity 1. Let’s apply your knowledge on the
Pyramid of Energy transfers. Let’s say that the Producers have 10000 calories (kcal),
how many calories (kcal) will each trophic level get? Your task is to draw the pyramid of
energy, state each organism, and the calories they will acquire.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
CHECKING OF UNDERSTANDING

1. Describe how energy flow in the ecosystem relates to the second law of
thermodynamics?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY #4

PROBLEM SOLVER
Let’s us put your math skills to the test. We have discussed the percentage of each
organism can get based from the pyramid of energy. Now, below are some statements
that will engage you in solving the energy that an organism can acquire.

Write the role of each organism on the state (eg. Bird = Primary Consumer, etc.) and your
answer to the math problem.

1. If a carrot contains 500kcal of energy, how much energy (kcal) will the rabbit get
if it consumed the carrot?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
______________________________________________________________________________

2. If the rat contains 75kcal of energy, how much energy will the snake get if it
consumed the rat?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. If the grass contained 1000kcal of energy, how much energy will the frog get?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

REFLECTION

1-to-1
Give one thing you have learn on this module as well one thing you are confused
about and need to review about it.

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

References

n.d. Conserve Energy Future. Accessed June 2020. https://www.conserve-energy-

future.com/what-is-an-ecosystem.php.
2018. Khan Academy. Accessed June 2020.
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/intro-to-
ecosystems/a/what-is-an-ecosystem.
n.d. Platte Basin. Accessed June 2020.
http://plattebasintimelapse.com/ed/chapter/activities-food-chain-food-web/.
Ruth S. Guzman, Ph.D., Marian Ruth G. Genuino, MSc. 2018. ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE EARTH. Quezon City: Vibal Publishing.
Sergio J. Lee, Myrna L. Anes. 2010. Lecture Notes on Environmental Science. Manila:
C&E Publishing Inc.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
 POST TEST

Part I

Word Search - DIRECTIONS: Read each statement below. Find your answers on the
WORD PUZZLE. Encircle or line properly the word of your answer and write it on the
blank on each statement.

E N E R G Y P Y R A M I D F X E N S E A
V L L K L R J T Q N F O O F C G W E V O
X D R M H A R Y E P S O S A F I S C Z T
Y H E R X I O D X L D S L T V Q X O J A
B Z H U B T Z O R C O P G R E S T N H C
X U P E H R A T H C E X M Q R N K D O Z
B B H E X E F A X R O D T Z N V E A B Y
C O A V C T I B I O M A S S B I N R W H
F T D S L N N P M K Y Q F E A J B Y G N
O K F I O L E E F A S L L N A H L V I Y
E S W Y E R P E T R O D H V A L R A O L
T R R K S S T N L Y E R D U W E D J R L
Q K L E S I W E N H K Q E G J O J Z I J
A Y U F C A R R U Y D O J X D V U K W J
E H C E U U W G S T R G U D F Q W L S G
V H M H A V D Y J D D X G I H M O P D I
G F Q B V P L O E X A K U S V I B C S Z
F L I J W K Z F R J F V T M V H U L X K
S R E M U S N O C P X D F U Y K J U X Y
Q P W D C B E K B I D J Q B R Y T Q J X

Biomass bodies Consumers

Energy Energy Pyramid Food Chain

Heat most energy Prey

Producers replace secondary

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
 Sun ten tertiary

1. All life processes require ___________.

2. Once energy is lost in a food, it can never be ______________.
3. Loss of energy in a food chain limits the amount of _____________.
4. All of the energy in an energy pyramid comes from the ________________.
5. Organisms store some of the energy from their food in their _______________.
6. ___________________ is an animal that is hunted and killed by another for food.
7. Fewer organisms can be supported at each level because there is less
_____________.
8. A large amount of energy in a food chain is lost into the atmosphere as
____________.
9. A diagram that shows how energy moves through a food chain is called an
______________.
10. In an ecosystem, there are far more producers than there are ______________.
11. At the top of the energy pyramid we see that the consumers are called
____________.
12. In an energy pyramid we see that the producer layer always has the
__________________.
13. The total weight of living matter at each trophic level is called _____________.
14. Organisms that use inorganic material such as sunlight or chemical compounds
to produce their own food are called ______________.
15. In each link of a food chain, approximately _________________ of the energy in
the food chain is transferred to the next level.

Part II

True or False - DIRECTIONS: Read each statement below. Encircle if you

AGREE with the statement and encircle if otherwise.

Statement Answer
1. A rabbit is an example of a primary consumer.

2. Tertiary consumer gets the least amount of

energy at the pyramid.
3. Producers are the only source of energy in the
pyramid of energy.
4. The pyramid of energy shows the transfer of
calls to each organism.
5. Only 5% of energy is transfer to each organism
according to the pyramid of energy.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
Part III

Skill Challenge

In the space provided, draw an energy of pyramid that includes the organisms listed
below. Identify each kind of organism as a producer, a primary consumer, a secondary
producers and/or a tertiary. Answer the follow-up question below.

Organisms

Algae Seagull Fish Clam

If the producers has an energy of 7600 calories (kcal), how much energy can the primary
consumer acquire? _______________________

Prepared by:

Charles Emmanuel G. Isidro

Teacher, City of Mandaluyong Science High School

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.
Glossary

• Prey - an animal that is hunted and killed by another for food.

• Energy Pyramid: A diagram showing the flow of energy through a food chain.
• Trophic Levels: The feeding levels in a food chain.
• Producers: Organisms that use inorganic material such as sunlight or chemical
compounds to produce their own food.
• Consumers: Organisms that eat other organisms for energy.
• Primary Consumers (herbivores): Organisms that eat producers.
• Carnivores: Organisms that eat meat.
• Secondary Consumers: Carnivores that eat herbivores.
• Tertiary Consumers: Carnivores that eat secondary consumers.
• Omnivores: Organisms that eat both plants and meat.
• Decomposers: Organisms (bacteria and fungi) that break down decaying matter
for energy and nutrients.
• Law of Conservation of Energy: States that energy cannot be created or
destroyed; it can only be transformed.
• Ten Percent Rule: Only about 10 percent of the energy available in one trophic
level is available to organisms in the next higher trophic level.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 2
Competency: Illustrate the Pyramid of Energy using real life examples.