Reviewer To Introduction in Criminology: Jim Rohn

Reviewer to Introduction in Criminology
Week 1 lecture
Jim rohn- Character isn’t something you were born with can’t change, like your fingerprints. It’s
something you weren’t born with and must take responsibility for forming.
Criminology- is the entire body of knowledge regarding crime a social phenomenon. It includes within
it scopes the process of making laws, of breaking of laws, and the society’s reaction towards the breaking
of laws
ORIGIN OF THE WORD “CRIMINOLOGY”
Came from latin word “crimen” = crime and Greek word “logos”= study in 1885 Rafael Garofalo, an
Italian law professor coined the term criminologia.
CRIMINOLOGY Criminal justice
 EXPLAINS THE CAUSE, * Refers to the agencies of social control that handle
EXTENT AND NATURE OF criminal offenders.
CRIME IN SOCIETY.
Criminologists are * Criminal justice scholars are engaged in describing,

Concerned with identi- analyzing, and explaining the behavior of the agencies
Fying the nature, extent of the justice.
And cause of crime
HISTORY OF CRIMINOLOGY
THE CREATION OF CRIMINOLOGY AS A FIELD OF STUDY CAN BE TRACKED AS

FOR BACK AS THE 18TH CENTURY WHEN TWO SOCIAL THEORISTS,
Principal division of criminology ( esp )
1.) Etiology of crimes- the scientific analysis of the causes of crimes and the criminal behavior.
2.) Sociology of law- refers to the investigation of the nature of criminal law and its
administration.
3.) Penology- the study of the control of crimes and the rehabilitation of offender.
Nature of criminology ( sand )
S-OCIAL- science, it studies crime a social phenomenon crime is a social problem which
has a impact to society.
a-PPLIED- science, criminology as a body of knowledge has already established universally
accepted principles and concepts and these are used by other field of study
( INSTRUMENTATION ).
n-ATIONALISTIC- the study of it takes into consideration the history, the culture and the
social norms and the laws of the country.
d-YNAMIC- the concepts of criminology and their applications adapt to the changing time.
( changing )
SCIENTIFIC METHODS.
Criminal demography- study of the relationship between criminality and population.

Criminal epidromology- study of the relationship between environment and criminality.
CRIMINAL ECOLOGY- study of the relationship between spatial distribution in
community
CRIMINAL PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY- study of criminality in relation to physical
constitution for men.
CRIMINAL SOCIOLOGY- it embraces all branches of criminal science including criminal
law and transforms the science of crimes and penalty into one or positive observation.
CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY- study of human behavior in relation to criminality is the
study of the views, thoughts, intentions, actions, and reactions, of criminals and all that
partakes in the criminal behavior.
CRIMINAL PSYCHIATRY= study of human mind in relation to criminality.
CRIMINAL STATISTICS= studies the relation of causes between certain personal
conditions physical and social phenomena and criminality it’s increase or decrease and
forms of its appearance.
CRIMINAL POLITICS- a science consisting of principles with wich the states organize its
fight against criminality, the bases are knowledge of criminal law penalties and other
measures of social defenses.
SCOPE IN STUDY THE CRIMINOLOGY
1.) Study of the origin and development of criminal law.

2.) Study of the causes of crimes and development of criminals.
3.) Study of the other sciences the examine criminal behavior using scientific method such as.
WEEL 2 LECTURE
BASIC TERMINOLOGIES OF CRIMINOLOGY

ACQUITAL- a legal judgement, based on the decision of the judge that an accused is not guilty of the
crime for which he or she been charged or tired.
ADMISSIBLE EVIDENCE- the evidence that a trial judge may consider, because the rules of evidence
deem it reliable.
ARRAIGNMENT- the appearance of the defendant in court to enter his or her plea to the charge.
REASONABLE DOUBT- the burden of the proof that the prosecution must carry in a criminal trial to
obtain a guilty verdict.
DUE PROCESS OF LAW- procedures followed by law enforcement and courts to ensure the protection
of an individuals right. As assigned by the constitutrion.
SEARCH WARRANT- an order signed by a judge for probable cause the directs owners of private
property to allow the police to enter an search for items named in warrant
SUBPOENA- a command to a witness to appear and give testimony
TRIAL- a trial is where a judge presides. Over the court room proceedings and decides the determines
wheter you are guilty or not guilty of the crimes charge.
TESTIMONY- the evidence given by a witness under oath.it does not include evidence form documents
and other physical evidence
WITNESS- one who personally sees or precieve a thing one who testifies as to what he has seen, heard
or otherwise observe
NOTABLE PERSONS IN THE FIELD OF CRIMINOLOGY
CESARE BECARRIA ( FATHER OF CLASSICAL CRIMINOLOGY )

( Cesare BONESENA marches DI BECCARIA 1738- 1794 )
3 key ELEMENTS of PUNISHMENT
CELERITY- swiftness of punishment
CERTAINY- most important of punishment
CEVERITY- most complicated aspect of punishment
 Best known for his essay “ on crme and punishments” which presented key ideas on the
abolition of torture as legitimate means of extracting confession.
JEREMY BENTHAM ( 1784- 1832 )
According to him people like human calculator we calculate our actions based on the
pleasure that it will be give to us and the pain we will get from it
*His contribution to classical school of criminology is the concept of utilitarianism and

the felicific calculus.
*proposed ‘utilitarian hedonism’= other term of utilitarianism

Others refer to it as the Greatest happiness principle or the principle of utility.
From this principle Bentham formulated the ‘felicific calculus’
Felicific Calculus or the pleasure-and-pain principle
 A theory that proposes that individuals calculate the consequences of his action by
wighing the pleasure (gain) and the pain (suffering) he would derive from doing the
action.
AUGUST COMTE
( FATHER OF SOCIOLOGY AND POSITIVISM )
 French Philosopher and Sociologist and is believed to be the one who reinvented the
French term ‘sociologie’
CESARE LOMBROSO
( FATHER OF MODERN AND EMPIRICAL CRIMINOLOGY )
• Known for the concept of atavistic stigmata ( the physical features of creatures at an
earlier stage of development.
 Criminal man and Woman.
3 Cases of Criminal
a.) Born criminals- individuals with at least five astavistic stigma

b.) Insane criminals- those who became criminal because some brain detect.
c.) Criminaloids- those with make up of an ambigious group that includes habital criminal,
criminals by passion and other diverse type.
EDWIN SUTHERLAND ( DEAN OF CRIMINOLOGY )
 One of the most influential criminologists of the 20 th century Edwin Sutherland authored
Principles of Criminology, as a popular textbook.
RAFFAELLE GAROFALO
 He treated the roots of the criminals behavior not to physical features but to their
psychology equivalent, which he referred to as moral anomalies.
 He rejected the doctrine of freewill
CHARLES GORING ( PIONEER IN CRIMINOLOGY )
 One of the most comprehensive criminological works of its time
EARNEST HOOTON
 American physical anthropologist who investigated human evolution and so called racial
differentiations, classified and described human populations and examined the
relationship between personally and physical type.
EMILE DURKHEIM
 A French sociologist, argued that crime is a normal part of the society as birth and
death.

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Reviewer to Introduction in Criminology

CRIMINOLOGY Criminal justice

Criminologists are * Criminal justice scholars are engaged in describing,

THE CREATION OF CRIMINOLOGY AS A FIELD OF STUDY CAN BE TRACKED AS

Principal division of criminology ( esp )

Nature of criminology ( sand )

Criminal demography- study of the relationship between criminality and population.

SCOPE IN STUDY THE CRIMINOLOGY

1.) Study of the origin and development of criminal law.

BASIC TERMINOLOGIES OF CRIMINOLOGY

NOTABLE PERSONS IN THE FIELD OF CRIMINOLOGY

CESARE BECARRIA ( FATHER OF CLASSICAL CRIMINOLOGY )

JEREMY BENTHAM ( 1784- 1832 )

*His contribution to classical school of criminology is the concept of utilitarianism and

*proposed ‘utilitarian hedonism’= other term of utilitarianism

 Criminal man and Woman.

a.) Born criminals- individuals with at least five astavistic stigma

EDWIN SUTHERLAND ( DEAN OF CRIMINOLOGY )

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