B. SC (Zoology, Botany, Chemistry) : Curriculum
B. SC (Zoology, Botany, Chemistry) : Curriculum
B. SC (Zoology, Botany, Chemistry) : Curriculum
3 BIOL-302 INVERTEBRATE – I 3 2 0 2
8 BIOL-417 VERTEBRATE – I 3 2 0 2
9 LNG-302 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION – I 3 3 0 0
B.Sc. ZBC Sem. –IV
Total Credit Hrs.
S.No Course Code Title of the Course
Credit L T P
1 CHEM -540 AROMATIC COMPOUNDS 3 2 0 2
2 CHEM - 541 d & f BLOCK ELEMENTS 3 2 0 2
3 CHEM - 542 THERMODYNAMIC – II, PHASE EQUILIB & RADIO CHEMISTRY 3 2 0 2
4 BIOL-405 INTRODUCTORY ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY 3 2 0 2
5 BIOL-418 VERTEBRATE – II 3 2 0 2
6 BIOL-421 PLANT TAXONOMY AND MORPHOLOGY 3 2 0 2
7 BIOL-422 INTRODUCTORY BIOTECHNOLOGY 3 2 0 2
8 BIOL-423 ANIMAL EVOLUTION 3 3 0 0
9 LNG-303 PROFESIONAL COMMUNICATION – II 3 3 0 0
Unit I Bacteria, Virus, and Lichens: General description, Classification, Structure, Reproduction & Economic
Importance.
Unit II Fungi: General description, classification, structure reproduction and Economic importance (of
Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes & fungi imperfecti) viz. Phytophthora, Rhizopus. Peziza / Morchella,
Ustilago, Puccinia, Cercospora
Unit III Plant pathology: classification of plant diseases & their symptoms, Host - Parasite interaction. Study of
few e.g. Citrus canker, Leaf curl of papaya Control mechanism of plant diseases.
Unit I Phylum Protozoa: General characters, classification, structure, habit & habitat, life cycle of any two.
Unit II Phylum Porifera & Coelenterate: General characters, classification, structure, habit & habitat, canal
system in Sycon, polymorphism in coelenterate & coral reef formation.
Unit III Phylum Platyhelminthes: General characters, classification, structure, habit & habitat, life cycle of
Taenia solium, parasitic adaptations in platyhelminthes.
Unit IV Phylum Aschelminthes: General characters, classification, structure, habit & habitat, plant parasitic
nematodes, life cycle of Ascaris.
Course Title: Environmental Studies
Semester-I
Course Code: BIOL 305 Credit: 3 (2-0-2)
UNIT I Environmental pollution-such as air water, social & noise pollution. Their global, regional & local aspects. Air
pollution, Water pollution, Noise pollution, Soil pollution –Their sources, effects on humans, plants & animals
and their control.
UNIT II Deforestation and desertification, Chipko movement, overgrazing. Environmental lizards of radiation. Global
warming, Acid rain, Ozone Layer depletion, Role of an individual in preventing pollution.
UNIT III Concept of Ecosystem, Producer, consumer, decomposers, Energy flow, Ecological succession, Food Vain, Food
web, Ecological pyramid.
UNIT IV Introduction, types & characteristic features of (a) Forest (b)grass land (c)desert (d)pond.
Practical:
• Study of Biotic and Abiotic factors through project, charts and models.
• Study of aquatic ecosystem
a) Water temperature and pH
b) Turbidity using Sacchi disc
c) Determination of dissolved oxygen
d) Biotic components of pond ecosystem via chart
• Study of soil
a) composition,
b) pH
c) temperature
d) Moisture content
• Testing presence of carbonate in soil
• Testing presence of nitrate in soil
• Testing of inorganic salts in soil
• Minimum size of quadrate and species area curve of grassland vegetation
• To determine density abundance and frequency of grassland vegetation
• Basil cover of grassland vegetation
Course Title: Introductory Parasitology
Semester-I
Course Code: BIOL 307 Credit: 3 (2-0-2)
Unit-I Introduction about parasites, types, hosts, types of hosts, schematic steps in parasitological analysis.
Unit-II Habit, habitat, life cycle, pathogenicity, diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of Leishmania donovani
and Giardia intestinalis.
Unit-III Habit, habitat, life cycle, pathogenicity, diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of Fasciola hepatica,
Diphyllobothrium latum, Paragonimus westermanii and Hymenolepis nana.
Unit-IV Habit, habitat, life cycle, pathogenicity, diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of Ancylostoma
dodenale, Dracunculus mediansis and Wuchereria bancrofti.
Practical:
1. Study of museum specimens of Platyhelminthes and Aschelminthes.
2. Study of morphology of parasites by means of charts.
3. Study of anatomy of parasites with the help of permanent slides.
• Study of parasitic adaptations with the help of model diagrams and specimens.
Semester – I
Course Title: INTRODUCTORY ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Unit 2: Structure of Organic Molecules: Electronic theory of bonding. Wave mechanical model of Atom and
Chemical bonding. Atomic Orbital theory, Nature and types of Covalent bond. Hybridization. Electro negativity
Polarity Resonance. Hydrogen bonding.
Unit 3: Organic Reactions and their Mechanisms: Electron displacement effects. Bond fission, Carbonium ions
Carbanions. Attacking reagent and their role. Types of reaction mechanisms and Organic reactions.
Unit 4: Isomerism: Introduction, Types of Isomerism, Asymmetric Carbon Atom, Chirality Absolute & Relative
Configuration. R & S System. Optical isomerism, Racemic Mixtures.
Semester – I
Course Code: ATOMIC STRUCTURE & PERIODIC CLASSIFICATION
Unit II: Periodic classification and Properties: (a)Mendleef, Modern, Extended and long form.
(b) Periodic properties: Atomic and ionic radii, crystal co-ordination no., Radius ratio, factors influencing
magnitude of ionic radii. Periodic variations of atomic and ionic radii.
Ionization energy, electron affinity and elctronegativity.
Semester – I
Course Title: CHEMICAL KINETICS & ELECTROCHEMISTRY
1.Chemical Kinetics:- Reaction rate, order and molecularity of reaction, zero, first, second and third order
reaction (derivation included), methods for determining the order of reaction, complex reactions, opposing
reactions, consecutive reactions and side reactions with reference to first order reactions. Effect of temperature
on reaction on reaction velocity, Energy of activation and collision theory.
2.Electrochemistry:- Reversible and irreversible cells, EMF of a cell and free energy change, Nernst’s
equation, Equilibrium constant, standard electrode potential, types of reversible electrode, Application of EMF
measurements (determination of solubility product, pH, dissociation constant of acids, hydrolysis constant,
solubility of sparingly soluble salts.)
3.Colloidal State:- Lyophillic and Lyophobic solution, origin of charge, zeta potential, electrophoresis, electro-
osmosis, Tyndall effect, coagulation, Hardy Schulze rule, Donnan membrane equilibrium.
Semester-I
Course Title: MORAL & VALUE EDUCATION
B. Sc. (PCM/ PCFS/ PMCS/ LSCFS/ ZBC)
OBJECTIVES
• To explicitly discuss that is implicitly communicated through Academic disciplines.
• To inculcate Life affirming values based on ‘Fear of God as the beginning of wisdom’.
• To focus on specific values in decision making process.
Section I – BASICS
• Integrating ‘Heart-Head-Hand’ – Story of Sam Higginbottom.
• ‘Contextual – Dialogical – Praxiological’ character of value education.
• Different Values: Academic – Economic – Social – Material – Moral – Spiritual.
Unit4: Petroleum and Petrochemicals: Composition of Petroleum, Cracking, Octane Number. Synthesis of
Pure Chemicals
Unit I: Chemical Bonding: Co-valent, Ionic, Metallic, Hydrogen, Vander Waals, Lattice energy, Hydration
energy, Fajan’s rule, Co-ordinate bond.
2. Chemical Equilibrium:- Law of mmass action, Significance of equilibrium constant, Relation between Kp
and Kc, application in homogeneous and heterogeneous equlibria, Le-chatier’s principle and its application to
chemical equilibrium.
3. Surface Phenomenon:- Physical and chemical adsorption, Freundlich, Langmur and Gibbs Absorption
isotherm, B.E.T. Theory.
Semester-II
Course Title: History of Botany, Algae and Bryophyte
Course Code: BIOL 303 Credit: 3 (2-0-2)
Unit I Scope of Botany, Phylogenetic trends in botany, contribution of some India Scientist like B. Sahni,
M.O.P. Iyengar, P. Maheswari, S. R. Kashyap
Unit II General Description, classification & economic importance of Algae. Important feature of at least two
members of each: Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Xanthrophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Phaeophyceae &
Rodophyceae.
Unit III General description, classification & economic importance of Bryophytes. External morphology,
Anatomy & reproduction & life cycle of thalloid & leafy bryophytes with special reference to
alternation of generation.
Course Title: Invertebrate – II
Semester-II
Unit I Phylum Annelida: General characters, classification, structure, habit & habitat, metamerism in Annelida,
Economic importance of Earthworm.
Unit II Phylum: Arthropoda: General characters, classification, Insects metamorphosis, Palaemon, Economic
importance of Arthopods.
Unit III Phylum Mollusca: General characters, classification, Torsion & Desertion in Gastropoda, Economic
importance of mollusca.
Unit IV Phylum Echinodermata: General characters, classification, water vascular system in star fish,
Regeneration & Autonomy.
PRACTICAL
• Study of morphology of the preserved invertebrate animals in the laboratory.
• Dissection-Cockroach, Grasshopper, Prawn.
Course Title: Molecular biology
Semester-II
Course Code: BIOL 408 Credit: 3 (2-0-2)
UNIT I Basic introduction to molecular biology, Structural aspects of nucleic acids and proteins
UNIT II Replication and transcription in eukaryotes and prokaryotes; regulation and post transcriptional
modification; concept of lac & trp operon
UNIT III Concept of genetic codon and modern concept of gene
UNIT IV Translation and post translational modification
UNIT V Transposons and extra nuclear inheritance
Practical:
• Basic methodology to molecular biology
• Preparation of reagent
• Protein isolation and quantization
• DNA isolation and agarose gel electrophoresis
• DNA purification
Course Title: Biological Techniques and Instrumentation
Semester-II
Course Code: BIOL 409 Credit: 3(2-0-2)
Structure:
Spoken English:
a. Accent and Stress
b. Rhythm
c. Self Introduction
d. Conversation in different Situations
e. Group Discussions
Speech Techniques:
a. Organizing
b. Delivering
Written Communication:
a. Organizing
b. Writing (Process)
c. Resume
d. Curriculum Vitae
e. Letter (Components, Request and orders)
f. Other Communications (Advertisements, Circulars, Invitation, Reports, Proposals)
g. Usage of Visual Aids in Technical writing.
Books Prescribed:
• Gerson, Sharon J. and Gerson, Steven M. Technical Writing-Process and product, I ed.2000, Pearson
Education INC, New Delhi.
• Dickson, Grisalda J.S. Higgin’s Technical writing 2004, Godwin Publication, Allahabad.
• Martinet A.V. and Thomason A.J.A Practical English Grammar, IV ed. 1986, Oxford University Press,
Delhi
• Agarwal, Malti: Krishnan’s Professional Communication, KRISHNA Prakashan Media (P) Ltd. Meerut.
Semester-III
Course Title: Pteridophyte and Gymnosperm
Unit I History, Development, scope & terminology of biotechnology Recombinant DNA technology, Gene
manipulation through protoplast Culture somatic hydrids & cybrids. Gene transfer. Application of
Genetic Engineering in Medicine, Industry & Agriculture.
Unit II History, definition & scope of microbiology, classification & mode of Nutrition in bacteria. Basic
knowledge of soil, water, sewage, milk, food Industrial & air microbiology.
Unit I A general account of the classification of Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Dipnoi and Teleostomi
Unit II Study of external structures – fins, skin, scales and other dermal structures. Anatomy and Physiology of
fish. Economic importance of fish and its products
Unit III Diseases of fish – external and internal – its remedies
Unit IV Fishery technology – methods of curing, preservation, canning, refrigeration and transport, fishing gear
and their uses
PRACTICAL
• Dissection of the internal Anatomy – Heart, Afferent and Efferent Branchial Arteries of locally available
fish.
• Study of permanent mounts of various kinds of fish scales
• Collection of fresh and marine water fishes by a variety of coarse mesh nets – preserving them by wet
preservation method – study of their characteristics.
Semester-III
Course Title: ALIPHATIC COMPOUNDS
Unit 2:Carbonyl Compounds: Structure, Preparation and properties of Aldehydes and Ketones.
Unit 7:Fats and Oils: Structure and Composition, Properties and Analysis of fats & oils.
Unit I: Main group elements: Alkali and Alkaline earth metals and p- block elements.
1st Law of Thermodynamics- Thermodynamics terms, statement of law, thermodynamics reversibility and
maximum work, enthalpy of the system, heat capacity at constant volume and as constant pressure, Extensive
and intensive properties, state functions cyclic rule, temperature and volume, enthalpy as a function of
temperature and pressure, Joule-Thomson effect.
Theromchemistry- Heat of reaction, formation, combustion and neutralization, Hess’s law and its application,
Kirchoffs’s equation, bond energy and resonance energy.
Kinetics of Catalysed Reaction- Kinetics of homogenous acid-base catalysis, enzyme catalsis, negative
catalysis and inhibition, Kinetics of gaseous reaction on solid surface, Uni and biomolecular surface reaction,
Effect of temperature on surface reaction. Primary salt effect.
Ionic Equilibrium- Concept of acids and bases and their relative strength. Bronsted and Lewis acids and bases,
pH and pKa, acid-base concept in non aqueous media, buffer solutions, Theory of acid-base indicators, Salt
hydrolysis, Solubility product.
Semester-IV
Course Title: AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
Phase Rule: Phase, component and degree of freedom. Phase rule and its application to one component (water
and Sulpher), biocomponent system (Ag + Pb), KI + H2O).
Unit I Broad out line of morphology of vegetative & reproductive organ of Angiosperms.
Unit II Principles of Systematics, classical & modern taxonomy, Rules of nomenclature. Comparative study of
different classification systems proposed. General morphology of flower & its parts. Taxonomic studies
of some important families.
Unit III Use of plants for human welfare with special reference to: Food plants,
Drug yielding plants, Timber, Masticatories & Fumicatories, Beverages, Rubber, Edible oils, Dyes,
Resin, Toxin & Gums.
UNIT I Physiology of nervous transmission- Neurons, reflex and conditioned reflexes, synaptic transmission
UNIT II Composition of blood – properties and functions, the immune response and mechanism of coagulation.
UNIT IIIPhysiology of respiration in mammals and birds.
UNIT IV Feeding mechanisms, digestion in mouth, stomach absorption.
Practical:
• To determine the bleeding time and clotting time
• Determination of blood groups
• Estimation of hemoglobin in own blood
• Study the blood cells with the help of slide preparation
• To record diastolic and systolic blood pressure.
• To study permanent slides of various animal tissues
Course Title: Limnology and Marine Biology
Semester-IV
Course Code: BIOL 512 Credit: 3 (2-0-2)
Unit I Elementary knowledge of marine biology & limnology. Factors influencing growth of fresh water &
marine flora.
Unit II A general study of morphological & reproductive features of micro & macrophytes growing in sea
water. A knowledge of a biotic factors (physical & chemical properties of-water) and biotic factors
(plankton, periphyton, macrophytes, benthos & decomposers).
Unit I Principles of systematics & taxonomy, general classification of animals, Definition, use & application
of International code of Zoological nomenclature. Biological species concept.
Unit II Origin of life, Synthetic theory of evolution selection, mutation, migration and mimicry.
PRACTICAL
• Study of preserved animals in the laboratory for identification of various Species.
Semester-V
Course Title: CO-ORDINATION CHEMISTRY& ISOMERISM
Unit I: Co-ordination Chemistry: Introduction, Nomenclature, Crystal field theory, Valence-shell electron
pair theory.
Physical Properties and Chemical Constitution: Molar volume, Parachor, Molecular refraction and
polarization, Dipole moment, Delye and Clausius-Mossottic equation (Derivation not required).
Electrochemical Cell: E.M.F. determination, concentration cells with and without transference, liquid junction
potential, Chemical cells without transference, fuel cells and their applications.
Unit 1: Hetrocyclic Compounds: Five membered rings Pyrrole: Structure, Preparation, Properties Furan structure,
preparation, properties. Thiophene: structure, preparation, properties. Six membered rings: structure, preparation,
properties. Pyridine: structure preparation, properties.
Unit 2: Alkaloids: Classification, Determination of Structure Coniine, Nicotine, Atropine Structure and Properties.
Unit 3: Terpenoids: Isoprene rule, Classification, Structure and Properties of Mycrene, Citral, Camphor.
Unit 4: Polymers: Addition Polymers, Copolymers, condensation Polymers, Thermoplastic and Thermo setting
Polymers, Natural and Synthetic Rubber.
Unit 5: Introduction to Spectroscopy: Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy (UV), Infrared Spectroscopy (IS), Nuclear
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR), Mass Spectroscopy (MS).
Books Recommended:
1. Reaction Mechanism: S.M.Mukherjee & S.P.Singh.
2. Advanced Organic Chemistry: B.S.Bahl & Arun Bahl.
3. Advanced Organic Chemistry: P.L.Soni & H.M.Chawla
4. Advanced Organic Chemistry: M.K.Jain.
5. Chemistry of Natural Products: O.P.Agarwal.
6. Chemistry of Natural Products:I.L.Finar.
Semester-V
Course Title: Economic Zoology
Practical:
• Demonstration of osmosis
• Demonstration of osmotic potential of a cell
• Stomatal studies
• Measurement of rate of transpiration
• Nutrients deficiency symptoms in plants
• Measurement of rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant
• To demonstrate that light and CO2 are essential for photosynthesis
• To demonstrate that O2 is consuming during respiration
Semester-V
Course Title: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES – I
B. Sc. (PCM/ PCFS/ PMCS/ LSCFS/ ZBC)
(i) Ecosystems
• Concept of an ecosystem
• Structure and function of an ecosystem
• Producers, consumers and decomposes
• Energy flow in the ecosystem
• Ecological succession
• Food chains, types, Chacretistics features, structures and function of the following ecosystem:
(a) Forest Ecosystem
(b) Grassland Ecosystem
(c) Desert Ecosystem
(d) Aquatic ecosystem (Ponds, streams, lakes, river, oceans, estuaries.)
Unit-1 Organic Photochemistry:- Heterocyclic, Nomencalture, synthesis & reaction of following compounds
containing one heteroatom – Structure, preparation & properties.
(i) Five membered ring system:- Furan, pyrrole, thiophene.
(ii) Six membered ring:- Pyridine
Unit 2:Polymers: Addition Polymers, Copolymers, condensation Polymers, Thermoplastic and Thermo setting
Polymers, Natural and Synthetic Rubber, polyethene & PVC.
Unit-3 Introduction to Spectroscopy:- UV & Visible, IR, NMR, Mass Spectroscopy.
Unit-4 Some reactions of Industrial Immportance:- Hoffman, Diel’s Alder, Skraup, Bechmann, Cannizaro and
Riemann Teimann.
Course Title: SPECTROSCOPY
Semester-VI
Unit I: Spectroscopy
(a) UV (b) IR (c) NMR (d) Raman (e) Mass
Books Recommended:
1.Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: Gurdeep Raj, Goel publications Meerut.
2.Text-Book of Inorganic Chemistry:PL.Soni, S.Chand & Sons.
3. Inorganic Chemistry: Satya Prakash Tuli, Basu & Sons, S.Chand & Co.
4. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: S.K.Agarwala & Keeti Lal, Pragati Prakasan.
5. Inorganic Chemistry: Cotton & Wilkinson.
Thermodynamics: Law of mass action (thermodynamic derivation, reaction isotherm and Vant Hoff equation
(influence of temperature on equilibrium constant), Partial molar quantities, Chemical potential, Gibbs Duhem
equation, Effect of temperature and pressure on chemical potential, Chemical potential of real gases and
fugacity, Thermodynamic treatment of colligative properties (lowering vapour pressure, elevation of boiling
point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure).
Atomic Structure & Wave Mechanic: Bohr’s theory, Sommerfeld’s model, dual nature of electron, De
Broglies concept of the dual nature of the electron, de-Broglies equation, experimental verfication (Davisson
and Germer’s experiment), Heisenbergs uncertainity principle and its derivation-Schrocdinger wave equation
(derivation), Schrodinger equation with respect to time, Eigen values and functions, Operators (Addition and
Substraction of operators, Multiplication, Linear, Hamiltonian, Hermitian), Postuates of Quantum mechanism,
free particle, particles in potential barrier, Particle in one dimensional box, Particle in 3 dimentional box, Simple
Harmonic Oscillator, Hydrogen Atom.
Semester-VI
Course Title: Anatomy and Embryology
PRACTICALS
- Construction of human familial pedigree utilizing inheritance pattern of a single
Autosomal or sex linked gene.
- Genetical problems
- Demonstration of Bare body & mitochondria in buccal epithalamion of man
- Study of temporary equash prepapation of grace hopper testes for mitosis,meiosis.
Semester-VI
Course Title: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-II
B. Sc. (PCM/ PCFS/ PMCS/ LSCFS/ ZBC)
1) Natural Resources
(a) Forest resources
(b) Water resources
(c) Mineral resources
(d) Food resources
(e) Energy resources
(f) Land resources
Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources.
Equitable use of resources for sustainable life style.
3) Environment Pollution
Definition
Causes effect and control measures of
(a) Air Pollution
(b) Water Pollution
(c) Soil Pollution
(d) Marine Pollution
(e) Noise Pollution
(f) Thermal Pollution
(g) Nuclear hazards
Solid waste Management; Causes, effect and control measures of urban and industrial wastes.