Convert The Participle Clause Into Relative Clause in Each of These Sentences

Post-modification by non-finite clause
Exercise 3
Convert the participle clause into relative clause in each of these sentences
1. At the station, we met a man carrying a copy of The Times.
→ At the station, we met a man who was carrying a copy of The Times
2. He was accompanied by a porter weighing at least 150kilos.
→ He was accompanied by a porter who weighed at least 150kilos.
3. A car, coming unexpectedly out of a side street, crashed into us.
→ A car, which was coming unexpectedly out of a side street, crashed into us.
4. We collided with a car driven by a young man without a license.
→ We collided with a car which was driven by a young man without a license
5. Any driver not having a license ought to be sent to rail right away.
→ Any driver who does not have a license ought to be sent to rail right away.
6. The train standing at platform 6 is for Brussels and Ostend.
→ The train which was standing at platform 6 is for Brussels and Ostend.
7. Any article left in this bus was taken at once to the Lost Property office.
→ Any article that is left in this bus was taken at once to the Lost Property office.
8. Any dutiable articles not declared to the Customs will be liable to confiscation.
→ Any dutiable articles which/that are not declared to the Customs will be liable to
confiscation.
9. Presents costing less than ten pounds in all may be imported duty free.
→ Presents that/ which costs less than ten pound in all may be imported duty free
10. Anyone not hearing that noise must have been stone deaf.
→ Anyone who did not hear that noise must have been stone deaf
11. Everyone, hearing that noise, jumped up in alarm.
→ Everyone, who heard that noise, jumped up in alarm.
12. The castle, burnt down in the 16th century, was never built.
→ The castle, which was burnt down in the 16th century, was never built.
Post-modification by prepositional phrases

Exercise 4
Replace each prepositional phrase by a relative clause that will make the meaning of the
post-modification more explicit
1. A house by the church.
→ A home that stands by the church
2. A picture by a famous artist
→ a picture which was painted by a famous artist
3. A plane for Moscow.
→ A plane which is bound for Moscow
4. Warm clothes for Moscow.
→ Warm clothes which will be suitable for Moscow
5. A land for all reasons.
→ A land which is suitable for all reasons
6. The man for the job.
→ The man who is qualified for the job
7. The man with your wife.
→ The man who is talking with your wife
8. The man with a gun.
→ The man who has a gun
9. The man without a hat.
→ The man who has no hat
10. A student from Portugal.
→ A student who comes from Portugal
12. A quotation from Shakespeare.
→A quotation which is taken from Shakespeare
13. Instructions in case of fire.
→ Introductions which should be followed if there is case of fire
14. The pleasure of your company.
→ The pleasure which is given by your company
15. A man of strong will.
→ A man who has a strong will
Exercise 13
Convert the infinitive clause in each of these sentences into a relative clause:
1. The next train to arrive is from Edinburgh.
→ The next train which arrives is from Edinburgh
2. The first man to fly non-stop across the Atlantic was John Alcock.
→ The first man who flew non-stop across the Atlantic was John Alcock.
3. Was Cortes the first European ever to see the Pacific Ocean?
→ Was Cortes the first European who ever saw the Pacific Ocean?
4. The best man to see for your eye trouble is the Professor of
Ophthalmology.
→ The best man who(m) you should see for your eye trouble is the Professor of
Ophthalmology.
5. The man for John to speak to first is the Director of the Museum.
→ The man who(m) John should speak to first is the Director of the Museum.
6. The cheapest place to eat at is the cafeteria.
→ The cheapest place that you can eat at is the cafeteria.
7. You’ll find the best time to get there is just after twelve
→ .You’ll find the best time that you should get there is just after twelve
8. The way to get to the head of the queue is to slip in through the kitchen.
→ The way (that) you can get to the head of the queue is to slip in through the kitchen.
9. Will you buy me a magazine to read on the journey?

→ Will you buy me a magazine that you can read on the journey?
10. Here is something for you to do while you’re waiting.
→ Here is something for you that you can do while you’re waiting.
11. The only thing left to consider now is how to get away without being
seen.
→ The only thing left that we should consider now is how to get away without being seen.
12. The last problem, to be considered at our next meeting, is how to invest
the money.
→ The last problem,which must be considered at our next meeting, is how to invest the
money.
Exercise 14
Rewrite these sentences, using a noun phrase with infinitive clause as postmodifier.
1. We planned to cross the river at night but failed.
→ Our plan to cross the river at night but failed
2. Our appeal for volunteers for another attempt was greeted with
enthusiasm.
→ Our appeal to volunteers for another attempt was greeted with enthusiasm.
3. We thought the idea that we should create a diversion upstream was a
good one.
→ We thought the idea to create a diversion upstream was a good one.
4. We did not wish to waste lives in another frontal attack.
→ We have no wish to waste lives in another frontal attack.
5. Our allies promised to send reinforcements but did not do so.
→ Our allies promised to send reinforcements was not fulfilled
6. We felt they were cowardly to hesitate to come to our aid.
→ We felt their hesitate to come to our aid were cowardly
7. It was disgraceful that they should refuse to fulfill their promise.
→ Their refusal to fulfil their promise was disgraceful.
8. This only made us more determined to succeed on our own.
→ This increases our determination to succeed on our own.
9. Meanwhile, we were not disturbed when the enemy threatened to attack
us.
→ We were not disturbed by the enemy’s threat to attack us
10. Nor were we deceived when they proposed that we should call a truce.
→ we deceived by their proposal to call

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Post-modification by non-finite clause

Post-modification by prepositional phrases

9. Will you buy me a magazine to read on the journey?

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